TED2009
Kamal Meattle: How to grow fresh air
Kamal Meattle berbicara tentang bagaimana menumbuhkan udara bersih bagi anda sendiri
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Peneliti Kamal Meattle menunjukkan bagaimana penyusunan tiga tanaman yang biasa ada di rumah kita, jika diletakkan pada posisi tertentu di sebuah rumah atau kantor, dapat membuat udara di dalam ruangan menjadi lebih bersih dan segar.
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activist
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Some 17 years ago, I became allergic to Delhi's air.
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Sekitar 17 tahun yang lalu saya menjadi alergi terhadap udara di Delhi.
00:17
My doctors told me that my lung capacity
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Dokter saya mengatakan bahwa kapasitas paru-paru saya
00:20
had gone down to 70 percent,
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telah menurun sebanyak 70 persen,
00:22
and it was killing me.
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dan hal ini bisa membunuh saya.
00:23
With the help of IIT,
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Dengan bantuan IIT,
00:26
TERI, and learnings from NASA,
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TERI dan pengetahuan dari NASA,
00:28
we discovered that there are three
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kami menemukan bahwa ada tiga
00:31
basic green plants,
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tanaman hijau dasar,
00:33
common green plants, with which
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tanaman hijau yang biasa saja, yang
00:35
we can grow all the fresh air
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bisa kita gunakan untuk menumbuhkan udara bersih
00:36
we need indoors to keep us healthy.
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yang kita butuhkan di dalam ruangan untuk membuat kita sehat
00:39
We've also found that you can
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Kami juga menemukan bahwa anda bisa
00:41
reduce the fresh air requirements
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mengurangi kebutuhan udara bersih
00:43
into the building, while maintaining
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di dalam ruangan, sambil tetap menjaga
00:45
industry indoor air-quality standards.
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standar kualitas udara di dalam ruangan.
00:48
The three plants are Areca palm,
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Ketiga tumbuhan itu adalah pohon palem Areca,
00:50
Mother-in-Law's Tongue and money plant.
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Lidah Mertua dan pohon bonsai (Crassula ovata).
00:54
The botanical names are in front of you.
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Istilah biologinya ada di hadapan anda semua.
00:58
Areca palm is a plant which
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Pohon palem Areca adalah tanaman yang
01:00
removes CO2 and converts it into oxygen.
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mengubah CO2 menjadi oksigen.
01:04
We need four shoulder-high plants per person,
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Kita membutuhkan empat tanaman setinggi bahu untuk setiap orang,
01:08
and in terms of plant care,
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dan dalam mengurusnya,
01:10
we need to wipe the leaves
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kita harus membersihkan daunnya
01:11
every day in Delhi, and perhaps
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setiap hari di Delhi, dan mungkin
01:13
once a week in cleaner-air cities.
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sekali setiap minggu di kota yang berudara lebih bersih.
01:15
We had to grow them in vermi manure,
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Kita perlu kompos untuk menanam tanaman ini,
01:18
which is sterile, or hydroponics,
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yang sudah steril, atau hidroponik,
01:21
and take them outdoors every three to four months.
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dan membawanya keluar ruangan setiap 3 sampai 4 bulan sekali.
01:25
The second plant is Mother-in-law's Tongue,
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Tanaman kedua adalah Lidah Mertua,
01:28
which is again a very common plant,
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yang lagi-lagi adalah tanaman biasa,
01:30
and we call it a bedroom plant,
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dan kami menyebutnya tumbuhan kamar tidur,
01:32
because it converts CO2 into oxygen at night.
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karena tanaman ini merubah CO2 menjadi oksigen pada malam hari.
01:35
And we need six to eight waist-high plants per person.
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Kita membtuhkan 6 sampai 8 tanaman setinggi pinggang untuk setiap orang.
01:40
The third plant is money plant,
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Tanaman ketiga adalah bonsai (Crassula ovata),
01:42
and this is again a very common plant;
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sekali lagi ini adalah tanaman biasa;
01:45
preferably grows in hydroponics.
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lebih dianjurkan ditanam di media hidroponik.
01:48
And this particular plant removes formaldehydes
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Dan tanaman yang satu ini bisa menghilangkan formalin
01:51
and other volatile chemicals.
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dan banyak zat kimia volatil lainnya.
01:52
With these three plants,
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Dengan tiga tanaman ini,
01:54
you can grow all the fresh air you need.
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anda bisa menghasilkan udara bersih yang anda butuhkan.
01:56
In fact, you could be in a bottle
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Bahkan anda bisa berada di dalam botol
01:58
with a cap on top, and you would not die at all,
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tertutup rapat dan anda tidak akan mati sama sekali,
02:02
and you would not need any fresh air.
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dan anda tidak akan membutuhkan udara bersih tambahan.
02:05
We have tried these plants at our
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Kami sudah menanam tanaman ini di
02:07
own building in Delhi, which is a
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gedung kami di Delhi, yang berukuran
02:10
50,000-square-feet, 20-year-old building.
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4.645 meter persegi, dan berusia 20 tahun.
02:13
And it has close to 1,200 such plants for 300 occupants.
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dan memiliki kurang lebih 1.200 tanaman semacam ini untuk 300 penghuni.
02:17
Our studies have found that there is
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Penelitian kami menemukan bahwa ada
02:19
a 42 percent probability of one's blood oxygen
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42 persen kemungkinan kandungan oksigen dalam darah
02:23
going up by one percent if one stays indoors
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akan meningkat sebanyak 1 persen jika seseorang berada di dalam ruangan
02:25
in this building for 10 hours.
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selama 10 jam.
02:28
The government of India has discovered
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Pemerintah india telah menemukan
02:31
or published a study to show
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atau mempublikasikan sebuah penelitian yang menyatakan
02:33
that this is the healthiest building in New Delhi.
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bahwa bangunan ini adalah bangunan tersehat di New Delhi.
02:36
And the study showed that,
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Dan penelitian yang sama menunjukkan,
02:39
compared to other buildings,
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dibandingkan dengan gedung lainnya,
02:40
there is a reduced incidence of
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ada penurunan jumlah insiden
02:42
eye irritation by 52 percent,
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iritasi mata hingga 52 persen,
02:44
respiratory systems by 34 percent,
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masalah pernapasan hingga 34 persen,
02:48
headaches by 24 percent,
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masalah sakit kepala hingga 24 persen,
02:49
lung impairment by 12 percent and asthma by nine percent.
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kerusakan paru-paru hingga 12 persen dan penyakit asma hingga 9 persen.
02:53
And this study has been published on September 8, 2008,
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Dan penelitian ini telah diterbitkan pada 8 September 2008,
02:57
and it's available on the government of India website.
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yang dapat anda lihat pada website pemerintah India.
03:00
Our experience points to an
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Pengalaman kami menunjukkan bahwa
03:02
amazing increase in human productivity
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ada peningkatan kinerja manusia yang cukup berarti
03:06
by over 20 percent by using these plants.
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hingga 20 persen dengan keberadaan tanaman ini.
03:09
And also a reduction in energy requirements in buildings
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Dan juga pengurangan penggunaan energi tambahan di dalam ruangan
03:13
by an outstanding 15 percent, because you need less fresh air.
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hingga 15 persen, karena anda membutuhkan lebih sedikit pasokan udara bersih.
03:19
We are now replicating this in a
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Kami sekarang mengembangkan proyek ini
03:20
1.75-million-square-feet building,
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ke bangunan berukuran 162.580 meter persegi,
03:23
which will have 60,000 indoor plants.
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yang akan memiliki 60.000 tanaman di dalam ruangan.
03:25
Why is this important?
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Mengapa hal ini penting?
03:27
It is also important for the environment,
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Hal ini juga penting bagi lingkungan,
03:29
because the world's energy
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karena kebutuhan energi dunia
03:30
requirements are expected to grow
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akan semakin bertambah
03:32
by 30 percent in the next decade.
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hingga 30 persen pada dekade mendatang.
03:34
40 percent of the world's energy is taken
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40 persen energi dunia akan terserap
03:35
up by buildings currently,
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oleh gedung-gedung yang ada sekarang,
03:37
and 60 percent of the world's population
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dan 60 persen penduduk dunia
03:39
will be living in buildings in cities
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akan tinggal di bangunan yang ada di kota
03:42
with a population of over one million in the next 15 years.
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yang berpenduduk lebih sari satu juta orang pada 15 tahun mendatang.
03:46
And there is a growing preference for living
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Dan akan ada pertumbuhan kecenderungan orang
03:48
and working in air-conditioned places.
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untuk tinggal dan bekerja di tempat ber-AC.
03:52
"Be the change you want to see in the world,"
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"Jadilah perubahan yang anda ingin lihat di dunia,"
03:54
said Mahatma Gandhi.
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kata Mahatma Gandhi.
03:55
And thank you for listening.
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Terima kasih atas perhatian anda.
03:56
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activistWith its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air.
Why you should listen
Kamal Meattle has a vision to reshape commercial building in India using principles of green architecture and sustainable upkeep (including an air-cleaning system that involves massive banks of plants instead of massive banks of HVAC equipment). He started the Paharpur Business Centre and Software Technology Incubator Park (PBC-STIP), in New Delhi, in 1990 to provide "instant office" space to technology companies. PBC-STIP's website publishes its air quality index every day, and tracks its compliance to the 10 principles of the UN Global Compact, a corporate-citizenship initiative.
Meattle has long been a environmental activist in India. In the 1980s he helped India's apple industry develop less-wasteful packaging to help save acres of trees. He then began a campaign to help India's millions of scooter drivers use less oil. His next plan is to develop a larger version of PBC-STIP, making a green office accessible to more businesses in New Delhi and serving as an example of low-cost, low-energy office life.
Kamal Meattle | Speaker | TED.com