TED2009
Kamal Meattle: How to grow fresh air
Kamal Meattle 告訴你如何生產自己的新鮮空氣
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研究員 Kamal Meattle 講解如何利用三種常見室內植物，在家庭或辦公室作擺設，能明顯改善室內空氣品質。
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activist
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Some 17 years ago, I became allergic to Delhi's air.
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大約十七年前，我開始對德里的空氣過敏。
00:17
My doctors told me that my lung capacity
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醫生說我的肺活量
00:20
had gone down to 70 percent,
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降到只剩 70%，日子久了會致命。
00:22
and it was killing me.
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降到只剩 70%，日子久了會致命。
00:23
With the help of IIT,
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經由印度理工學院、印度塔塔能源研究所的協助，
00:26
TERI, and learnings from NASA,
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以及美國國家航空暨太空總署所發表的研究成果，
00:28
we discovered that there are three
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我們發現有三種
00:31
basic green plants,
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基本的綠色植物，
00:33
common green plants, with which
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很常見的綠色植物，
00:35
we can grow all the fresh air
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能生產我們所需的新鮮空氣，
00:36
we need indoors to keep us healthy.
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讓我們在室內保持健康。
00:39
We've also found that you can
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我們還發現，
00:41
reduce the fresh air requirements
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你可以減少室外新鮮空氣流入室內的需求，
00:43
into the building, while maintaining
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，而仍保持
00:45
industry indoor air-quality standards.
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合乎業界標準的室內空氣品質。
00:48
The three plants are Areca palm,
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這三種植物是黃椰子、
00:50
Mother-in-Law's Tongue and money plant.
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虎尾蘭和黃金葛。
00:54
The botanical names are in front of you.
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投影片上標了植物學名。
00:58
Areca palm is a plant which
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黃椰子可以
01:00
removes CO2 and converts it into oxygen.
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把二氧化碳轉換成氧氣。
01:04
We need four shoulder-high plants per person,
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每個人需要四株肩膀高的黃椰子，
01:08
and in terms of plant care,
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植物照料上，
01:10
we need to wipe the leaves
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在德里，我們需要每天把葉子擦拭乾淨，
01:11
every day in Delhi, and perhaps
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在德里，我們需要每天把葉子擦拭乾淨，
01:13
once a week in cleaner-air cities.
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如果在乾淨一點的城市，也許每週擦拭就夠了。
01:15
We had to grow them in vermi manure,
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這些植物用無菌的蚯蚓糞，
01:18
which is sterile, or hydroponics,
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，或水耕的方式養殖，
01:21
and take them outdoors every three to four months.
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並且每三到四個月拿到外面曬太陽。
01:25
The second plant is Mother-in-law's Tongue,
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第二種植物是虎尾蘭，
01:28
which is again a very common plant,
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也是常見的植物，
01:30
and we call it a bedroom plant,
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我們說它是適合在臥室栽種的植物，
01:32
because it converts CO2 into oxygen at night.
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因為它能在晚上把二氧化碳轉換成氧氣。
01:35
And we need six to eight waist-high plants per person.
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我們每人需要六到八株高度及腰的虎尾蘭。
01:40
The third plant is money plant,
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第三種是黃金葛，
01:42
and this is again a very common plant;
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一樣是很常見的植物，
01:45
preferably grows in hydroponics.
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特別適合水耕。
01:48
And this particular plant removes formaldehydes
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這類植物能移除甲醛，和其他揮發性化學藥劑。
01:51
and other volatile chemicals.
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這類植物能移除甲醛，和其他揮發性化學藥劑。
01:52
With these three plants,
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有了這三種植物，
01:54
you can grow all the fresh air you need.
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你能產生所需要的全部新鮮空氣。
01:56
In fact, you could be in a bottle
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甚至，你可以把自己關在一個大瓶子裡
01:58
with a cap on top, and you would not die at all,
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把頂端蓋子蓋緊，也不會窒息，
02:02
and you would not need any fresh air.
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也不需要任何外來的新鮮空氣。
02:05
We have tried these plants at our
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我們在德里的辦公大樓裡栽種這些植物，
02:07
own building in Delhi, which is a
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我們在德里的辦公大樓裡栽種這些植物，
02:10
50,000-square-feet, 20-year-old building.
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那是五萬平方英尺的二十年老建築。
02:13
And it has close to 1,200 such plants for 300 occupants.
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為了裡面 300 人，我們種了 1200 株植物。
02:17
Our studies have found that there is
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我們研究發現
02:19
a 42 percent probability of one's blood oxygen
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在這棟大樓裡待十個鐘頭的人，血氧含量提升一個百分點的機率是 42%。
02:23
going up by one percent if one stays indoors
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在這棟大樓裡待十個鐘頭的人，血氧含量提升一個百分點的機率是 42%。
02:25
in this building for 10 hours.
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在這棟大樓裡待十個鐘頭的人，血氧含量提升一個百分點的機率是 42%。
02:28
The government of India has discovered
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印度政府發現並發表研究結果，說明
02:31
or published a study to show
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印度政府發現並發表研究結果，說明
02:33
that this is the healthiest building in New Delhi.
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這是新德里市區最健康的建築。
02:36
And the study showed that,
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而研究顯示，跟其他建築相比，
02:39
compared to other buildings,
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而研究顯示，跟其他建築相比，
02:40
there is a reduced incidence of
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大樓裡的用戶
02:42
eye irritation by 52 percent,
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眼睛不適的情形減少了 52%，
02:44
respiratory systems by 34 percent,
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呼吸系統問題減少 34%，
02:48
headaches by 24 percent,
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頭痛減少 24%，
02:49
lung impairment by 12 percent and asthma by nine percent.
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肺功能障礙減少 12%，而氣喘減少 9%。
02:53
And this study has been published on September 8, 2008,
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這項研究於 2008 年 9 月 8 號發表，
02:57
and it's available on the government of India website.
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可以到印度政府網站下載。
03:00
Our experience points to an
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根據我們的經驗
03:02
amazing increase in human productivity
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利用這些植物，能使工作效率獲得超過 20% 的驚人提升。
03:06
by over 20 percent by using these plants.
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利用這些植物，能使工作效率獲得超過 20% 的驚人提升。
03:09
And also a reduction in energy requirements in buildings
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更因為不需要從室外注入那麼多新鮮空氣，大樓能源需求也減少 15%。
03:13
by an outstanding 15 percent, because you need less fresh air.
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更因為不需要從室外注入那麼多新鮮空氣，大樓能源需求也減少 15%。
03:19
We are now replicating this in a
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我們即將在 175 萬平方英尺的大樓裡重複這個實驗，
03:20
1.75-million-square-feet building,
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我們即將在 175 萬平方英尺的大樓裡重複這個實驗，
03:23
which will have 60,000 indoor plants.
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裡面會有六萬株室內植物。
03:25
Why is this important?
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這為什麼值得提出來?
03:27
It is also important for the environment,
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其實這對環境影響很重要，
03:29
because the world's energy
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因為世界的能源需求，預計在未來十年將有 30% 的成長。
03:30
requirements are expected to grow
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因為世界的能源需求，預計在未來十年將有 30% 的成長。
03:32
by 30 percent in the next decade.
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因為世界的能源需求，預計在未來十年將有 30% 的成長。
03:34
40 percent of the world's energy is taken
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目前全世界 40% 的能源需求用在房屋建築上面，
03:35
up by buildings currently,
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目前全世界 40% 的能源需求用在房屋建築上面，
03:37
and 60 percent of the world's population
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而全球 60% 的人口，
03:39
will be living in buildings in cities
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在未來十五年內，將集中居住在超過一百萬人的大城市裡。
03:42
with a population of over one million in the next 15 years.
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在未來十五年內，將集中居住在超過一百萬人的大城市裡。
03:46
And there is a growing preference for living
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同時，又有越來越多人，希望在有空調的場所居住跟工作。
03:48
and working in air-conditioned places.
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同時，又有越來越多人，希望在有空調的場所居住跟工作。
03:52
"Be the change you want to see in the world,"
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甘地曾說過：你要這世界怎麼改變，你就自己先變成那個樣子。
03:54
said Mahatma Gandhi.
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甘地曾說過：你要這世界怎麼改變，你就自己先變成那個樣子。
03:55
And thank you for listening.
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謝謝你們的聆聽
03:56
(Applause)
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( 掌聲 )
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activistWith its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air.
Why you should listen
Kamal Meattle has a vision to reshape commercial building in India using principles of green architecture and sustainable upkeep (including an air-cleaning system that involves massive banks of plants instead of massive banks of HVAC equipment). He started the Paharpur Business Centre and Software Technology Incubator Park (PBC-STIP), in New Delhi, in 1990 to provide "instant office" space to technology companies. PBC-STIP's website publishes its air quality index every day, and tracks its compliance to the 10 principles of the UN Global Compact, a corporate-citizenship initiative.
Meattle has long been a environmental activist in India. In the 1980s he helped India's apple industry develop less-wasteful packaging to help save acres of trees. He then began a campaign to help India's millions of scooter drivers use less oil. His next plan is to develop a larger version of PBC-STIP, making a green office accessible to more businesses in New Delhi and serving as an example of low-cost, low-energy office life.
Kamal Meattle | Speaker | TED.com