TED2018
David Cage: How video games turn players into storytellers
Dejvid Kejdž (David Cage): Kako video igre pretvaraju igrače u pripovedače
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Da li ste ikada gledali film ili čitali knjigu i poželeli da imate mogućnost da promenite priču i spasete svoje omiljene likove? Dizajner igara, Dejvid Kejdž, omogućava vam upravo to u svojim video igrama, gde igrači donose odluke koje menjaju liniju sižea. U svom govoru i demonstraciji uživo, Kejdž pokazuje scenu iz svog novog projekta i daje mogućnost publici da kontroliše odluke glavnog lika. "Interaktivno pripovedanje može da bude ono što je film bio u 20. veku: umetnost, koja dubinski menja svoje vreme", kaže Kejdž.
David Cage - Interactive storyteller
The creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling. Full bio
The creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
The way we tell stories
has naturally changed
has naturally changed
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Način na koji pričamo priče
se prirodnim putem menjao
se prirodnim putem menjao
00:17
since Aristotle defined
the rules of tragedy
the rules of tragedy
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još otkad je Aristotel
definisao pravila tragedije
definisao pravila tragedije
00:20
about 2,500 years ago.
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pre oko 2 500 godina.
00:24
According to him,
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Po njemu,
00:26
the role of storytelling is to mimic life
and make us feel emotions.
and make us feel emotions.
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priče treba da imitiraju život i nateraju
nas da osetimo različite emocije.
nas da osetimo različite emocije.
00:32
And that's exactly what
storytelling as we know it
storytelling as we know it
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I upravo to je ono što pripovedanje
00:35
has done very well since then.
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vrlo dobro radi još od tada.
00:38
But there is a dimension of life
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Ali postoji jedna životna dimenzija,
00:41
that storytelling could
never really reproduce.
never really reproduce.
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koju priče nikad nisu mogle da prikažu.
00:44
It is the notion of choices.
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U pitanju je koncepcija donošenja odluka.
00:48
Choices are a very
important part of our lives.
important part of our lives.
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Odluke su veoma važan deo našeg života.
00:51
We as individuals are defined
by the choices we make.
by the choices we make.
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Svi mi smo definisani
odlukama koje donosimo.
odlukama koje donosimo.
00:55
Some of our decisions can have
very significant consequences
very significant consequences
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Neke naše odluke
mogu imati značajne posledice
mogu imati značajne posledice
00:59
and totally change
the courses of our lives.
the courses of our lives.
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i mogu u potpunosti promeniti naše živote.
01:03
But in a play, a novel or a film,
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Ali u predstavama, romanima i filmovima
01:07
the writer makes all the decisions
in advance for the characters,
in advance for the characters,
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pisci već unapred donose
sve odluke za sve likove,
sve odluke za sve likove,
01:11
and as the audience,
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i mi, kao publika,
01:13
we can only watch, passively,
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jedino što možemo je da pasivno gledamo
01:15
the consequences of his decisions.
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posledice njihovih odluka.
01:19
As a storyteller,
I've always been fascinated
I've always been fascinated
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Kao pripovedača,
uvek me je fascinirala
uvek me je fascinirala
01:23
with the idea of recreating
this notion of choices in fiction.
this notion of choices in fiction.
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ideja uvođenja ovog fenomena u fikciju.
01:29
My dream was to put the audience
in the shoes of the main protagonists,
in the shoes of the main protagonists,
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Moj san je da stavim publiku
na mesto glavnih heroja
na mesto glavnih heroja
01:34
let them make their own decisions,
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i dozvolim im da sami odlučuju,
01:36
and by doing so,
let them tell their own stories.
let them tell their own stories.
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i samim tim im omogućim
da sami ispričaju svoje priče.
da sami ispričaju svoje priče.
01:42
Finding a way to achieve this is what
I did in the past 20 years of my life.
I did in the past 20 years of my life.
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Poslednjih 20 godina sam proveo
u traženju načina da to uradim.
u traženju načina da to uradim.
01:49
Today, I would like to introduce you
to this new way of telling stories,
to this new way of telling stories,
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Danas bih želeo da vas upoznam
sa novim načinom pripovedanja,
sa novim načinom pripovedanja,
01:54
a way that has interactivity at its heart.
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načinom čija suština
leži u interaktivnosti.
leži u interaktivnosti.
01:59
Rather than exposing the theory behind it,
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Umesto objašnjavanja teorije
koja se nalazi u osnovi ove metode,
koja se nalazi u osnovi ove metode,
02:03
which could have been kind of abstract
and probably a little bit boring,
and probably a little bit boring,
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što bi bilo abstraktno
i verovatno pomalo dosadno,
i verovatno pomalo dosadno,
02:07
I thought it would be a great opportunity
to do a little experiment.
to do a little experiment.
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mislim da je bolje da sprovedemo
jedan mali eksperiment.
jedan mali eksperiment.
02:13
I would like you, the people here at TED,
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Ja bih želeo da vi, publika TED-a,
02:18
to tell your own story.
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ispričate svoju priču.
02:22
So I came with an interactive scene
that we are going to play together.
that we are going to play together.
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Zato sam doneo interaktivnu scenu
koju ćemo odigrati zajedno.
koju ćemo odigrati zajedno.
02:27
I've asked Vicky --
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Zamolio sam Viki -
02:29
hello, Vicky --
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ćao, Viki -
02:30
to control the main character for us.
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da upravlja glavnim likom umesto nas.
02:33
And your role -- you, the audience --
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A vaša uloga - vas u publici -
02:37
will be to make the choices.
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biće donošenje odluka.
02:40
So Vicky and I don't know
what's going to happen,
what's going to happen,
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Tako da Viki i ja ne znamo šta sledi,
02:43
because it will all be based
on your decisions.
on your decisions.
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zato što će sve zavisiti od vaših odluka.
02:48
This scene comes from our next game,
called "Detroit: Become Human,"
called "Detroit: Become Human,"
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Ovo je scena iz naše sledeće igre
koja se zove "Detroit: Postati čovek",
koja se zove "Detroit: Postati čovek",
02:54
and we are in the near future,
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i mi se nalazimo u bliskoj budućnosti
02:58
where technology made possible
the creation of androids
the creation of androids
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gde je tehnologija omogućila
stvaranje androida
stvaranje androida
03:01
that look exactly like human beings.
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koji izgledaju identično kao ljudska bića.
03:03
We are in the shoes
of this character called Connor,
of this character called Connor,
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Mi se nalazimo u ulozi lika
koji se zove Konor,
koji se zove Konor,
03:06
who is an android,
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on je android
03:07
and he can do very fancy things
with coins, as you can see.
with coins, as you can see.
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i veoma je spretan sa novčićima,
kao što možete da vidite.
kao što možete da vidite.
03:11
He has this blue triangle on this chest,
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On ima plavi trougao na grudima,
03:15
as all androids do,
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kao i svi ostali androidi,
03:18
and now Vicky is in control
of this character.
of this character.
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i sada Viki njime upravlja.
03:21
She can walk around, she can go anywhere,
she can look around,
she can look around,
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Ona može da ide bilo kuda,
može da razgleda,
može da razgleda,
03:25
she can interact with her environment,
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da komunicira sa svojom okolinom,
03:27
and now she can tell her own stories
by making choices.
by making choices.
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i donoseći odluke,
ona može da ispriča svoju priču.
ona može da ispriča svoju priču.
03:29
So here we have our first choice.
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I evo naše prve odluke.
03:32
There is a fish on the ground.
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Imamo ribu na podu.
03:34
What should we do?
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Šta treba da radimo?
03:35
Should we save it or should we leave it?
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Da li da je spasemo ili da je ostavimo tu?
03:37
Remember, we are under time pressure,
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Zapamtite, vreme nam ističe,
03:39
so we'd better be fast.
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tako da treba da budemo brzi.
03:40
What should we do?
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Šta da radimo?
03:42
Audience: Save it!
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Publika: Da je spasemo!
03:43
David Cage: Save it? Save the fish?
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Dejvid Kejdž: Da spasemo ribu?
03:49
(Video) (Fish plops)
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(Video) (Pljusak vode)
03:50
DC: There we go.
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DK: Eto je.
03:53
OK, we have an android who likes animals.
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OK, dakle imamo androida
koji voli životinje.
koji voli životinje.
03:56
OK, let's move on.
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OK, idemo dalje.
03:57
Remember, we have a hostage situation.
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Setite se, imamo situaciju sa taocem.
03:59
(Video) Woman: Please, please,
you've got to save my little girl!
you've got to save my little girl!
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(Video) Žena: Molim vas,
morate da spasete moju malu devojčicu!
morate da spasete moju malu devojčicu!
04:03
Wait -- you're sending an android?
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Čekajte... Šaljete androida?
04:06
Officer: All right, ma'am, you need to go.
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Policajac: Gospođo, moraćete da izađete.
04:09
W: You can't do that!
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Ž: Ne možete to da uradite!
04:11
Why aren't you sending a real person?
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Zašto ne pošaljete čoveka?
04:14
DC: OK, she's not really happy.
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DK: OK, ona nije baš zadovoljna.
04:16
Her daughter's been
taken hostage by an android,
taken hostage by an android,
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Android je njenu kćerku uzeo kao taoca,
04:18
and of course, she's in a state of shock.
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i naravno, ona je u stanju šoka.
04:21
Now we can continue
to explore this apartment.
to explore this apartment.
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Nastavljamo sa istraživanjem ovog stana.
04:23
We see all the SWAT forces in place.
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Vidimo da je ceo SWAT tim na mestu.
04:26
But we need to find
this Captain Allen first.
this Captain Allen first.
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Ali prvo treba da nađemo Kapetana Alena.
04:28
That's the first thing we need to do.
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To je prva stvar koju treba uraditi.
04:30
So, again, we can go anywhere.
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Dakle, možemo da se krećemo bilo kuda.
04:32
Vicky's still in control of the character.
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Viki i dalje upravlja likom.
04:34
Let's see -- oh, I think this
is Captain Allen. He's on the phone.
is Captain Allen. He's on the phone.
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Da vidimo - izgleda da je ovo
Kapetan Alen na telefonu.
Kapetan Alen na telefonu.
04:39
(Video) Connor: Captain Allen,
my name is Connor.
my name is Connor.
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(Video) Konor: Kapetane Alen,
moje ime je Konor.
moje ime je Konor.
04:42
I'm the android sent by CyberLife.
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Ja sam android poslat iz CyberLife-a.
04:47
Captain Allen: Let's fire
at everything that moves.
at everything that moves.
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Kapetan Alen: Pucaj u sve što se kreće.
04:49
It already shot down two of my men.
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Već je ubio dvoje mojih ljudi.
04:52
We could easily get it,
but they're on the edge of the balcony --
but they're on the edge of the balcony --
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Lako ga možemo uhvatiti,
ali oni su na ivici balkona -
ali oni su na ivici balkona -
04:55
it if falls,
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ukoliko on padne,
04:56
she falls.
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pašće i ona sa njim.
04:57
DC: OK, now we need to decide
what we want to ask the captain.
what we want to ask the captain.
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DK: Dakle, hajde da rešimo
šta ćemo da pitamo kapetana.
šta ćemo da pitamo kapetana.
05:00
What should be our choice?
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Šta da izaberemo?
05:02
Deviant's name? Deviant's
behavior? Emotional shock?
behavior? Emotional shock?
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Ime otmičara? Njegovo ponašanje?
Emocionalno stanje?
Emocionalno stanje?
05:05
(Video) C: Has it experienced
an emotional shock recently?
an emotional shock recently?
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(Video) K: Da li je nedavno preživeo
emocionalni šok?
emocionalni šok?
05:09
Capt A: I haven't got
a clue. Does it matter?
a clue. Does it matter?
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Kapetan A: Nemam predstavu.
Da li je to bitno?
Da li je to bitno?
05:11
C: I need information
to determine the best approach.
to determine the best approach.
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K: Treba mi informacija,
da bih našao najbolji pristup.
da bih našao najbolji pristup.
05:14
DC: OK, a second choice.
Maybe we can learn something.
Maybe we can learn something.
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DK: OK, drugi izbor.
Možda uspemo da saznamo nešto.
Možda uspemo da saznamo nešto.
05:17
What should we choose?
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Šta biramo?
05:18
Audience: Behavior.
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Publika: Ponašanje.
05:19
DC: OK, deviant behavior, Vicky.
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DK: Ok, biramo ponašanje, Viki.
05:21
(Video) C: Do you know if it's been
behaving strangely before this?
behaving strangely before this?
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(Video) K: Da li se otmičar
pre ovoga čudno ponašao?
pre ovoga čudno ponašao?
05:24
Capt A: Listen ... saving that kid
is all that matters.
is all that matters.
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Kapetan A: Slušaj...
najbitnije je spasiti dete.
najbitnije je spasiti dete.
05:29
DC: OK, we are not going to learn
anything from this guy.
anything from this guy.
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DK: OK, očigledno je
da nam ovaj lik ne može pomoći.
da nam ovaj lik ne može pomoći.
05:31
We need to do something.
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Moramo da uradimo nešto.
05:33
Let's try to go back in the lobby.
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Hajde da probamo da se vratimo u hol.
05:37
Oh, wait -- there's a room over there
on your right, Vicky, I think.
on your right, Vicky, I think.
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Čekaj... Viki, tamo je neka soba
sa tvoje desne strane, čini mi se.
sa tvoje desne strane, čini mi se.
05:41
Maybe there's something we can learn here.
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Možda možemo tamo da saznamo nešto.
05:44
Oh, there's a tablet.
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Tu je tablet.
05:46
Let's have a look.
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Hajde da pogledamo.
05:53
(Video) Girl: This is Daniel,
the coolest android in the world.
the coolest android in the world.
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(Video) Devojka: Ovo je Danijel,
najbolji android na svetu.
najbolji android na svetu.
05:57
Say "Hi," Daniel.
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Danijele, kaži "zdravo".
05:58
Daniel: Hello!
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Danijel: Zdravo!
05:59
G: You're my bestie,
we'll always be together!
we'll always be together!
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Ti si moj najbolji drug,
bićemo nerazdvojni.
bićemo nerazdvojni.
06:02
DC: That was just one way
of playing the scenes,
of playing the scenes,
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DK: To je samo jedan od načina
igranja "scena",
igranja "scena",
06:05
but there are many
other ways of playing it.
other ways of playing it.
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pored ovoga ima ih još mnogo različitih.
06:07
Depending on the choices you make,
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Zavisno od vaših odluka,
06:09
we could have seen many different actions,
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mogli smo da vidimo različite korake,
06:11
many different consequences,
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sa različitim posledicama,
06:13
many different outcomes.
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i različitim ishodima.
06:15
So that gives you an idea of what
my work is about as an interactive writer.
my work is about as an interactive writer.
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Ovo vam daje predstavu o tome
šta znači raditi kao interaktivni pisac.
šta znači raditi kao interaktivni pisac.
06:19
Where a linear writer needs
to deal with time and space,
to deal with time and space,
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Dok linearni pisac mora da vodi računa
o vremenu i mestu,
o vremenu i mestu,
06:24
as an interactive writer,
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kao interaktivni pisac,
06:25
I need to deal with time,
space and possibilities.
space and possibilities.
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ja moram da vodim računa o vremenu,
mestu i mogućim ishodima.
mestu i mogućim ishodima.
06:30
I have to manage massive tree structures,
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Moram da upravljam ogromnim
razgranatim strukturama,
razgranatim strukturama,
06:35
where each branch
is a new variation of the story.
is a new variation of the story.
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u kojima svaka linija
predstavlja jednu od varijacija priče.
predstavlja jednu od varijacija priče.
06:38
I need to think about all
the possibilities in a given scene
the possibilities in a given scene
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Treba da razmišljam o svim
mogućnostima u datoj sceni
mogućnostima u datoj sceni
06:41
and try to imagine
everything that can happen.
everything that can happen.
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i da zamislim sve što može da se desi.
06:43
I need to deal with thousands
and thousands of variables,
and thousands of variables,
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Treba da se bavim hiljadama
i hiljadama promenljivih,
i hiljadama promenljivih,
06:48
conditions and possibilities.
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uslova i opcija.
06:50
As a consequence, where a film script
is about 100 pages,
is about 100 pages,
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Kao posledica, tekstovi poput ovog
mogu biti između 4 i 5 hiljada stranica,
mogu biti između 4 i 5 hiljada stranica,
06:55
an interactive script like this
is between four and five thousand pages.
is between four and five thousand pages.
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dok filmski tekst ima oko sto strana.
07:03
So that gives you an idea
of what this work is about.
of what this work is about.
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Tako da možete da predstavite
kako ovaj posao izgleda.
kako ovaj posao izgleda.
07:07
But I think, in the end,
the experience is very unique,
the experience is very unique,
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Ali ipak, na kraju krajeva,
ovo je jedinstveno iskustvo,
ovo je jedinstveno iskustvo,
07:12
because it is the result
of the collaboration
of the collaboration
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jer predstavlja rezultat saradnje
07:17
between a writer creating
this narrative landscape
this narrative landscape
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između pisca, koji piše narativ
07:22
and the player making his own decisions,
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i igrača, koji donosi svoje odluke,
07:24
telling his own story
and becoming the cowriter
and becoming the cowriter
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priča sopstvenu priču
i postaje saučesnik pisca,
i postaje saučesnik pisca,
07:28
but also the coactor
and the codirector of the story.
and the codirector of the story.
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ali i saigrač, kao i pomoćnik režisera.
07:34
Interactive storytelling is a revolution
in the way we tell stories.
in the way we tell stories.
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Interaktivno pripovedanje je revolucija
u načinu pričanja priča.
u načinu pričanja priča.
07:39
With the emergence of new platforms
like interactive television,
like interactive television,
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S pojavom novih platformi
kao što je interaktivna televizija,
kao što je interaktivna televizija,
07:44
virtual reality and video games,
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virtualna realnost i video igre,
07:46
it can become a new form of entertainment
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ono može da postane novi oblik zabave,
07:48
and maybe even a new form of art.
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a možda čak i umetnosti.
07:53
I am convinced that in the coming years,
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Siguran sam da ćemo, u narednim godinama,
07:56
we will see more and more moving
and meaningful interactive experiences,
and meaningful interactive experiences,
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moći da vidimo sve više i više dirljivih
i značajnih interaktivnih iskustava,
i značajnih interaktivnih iskustava,
08:02
created by a new generation of talents.
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koje stvara nova generacija talenata.
08:06
This is a medium
waiting for its Orson Welles
waiting for its Orson Welles
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Ovo je medijum koji čeka svog Orsona Velsa
08:09
or its Stanley Kubrick,
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ili Stenlija Kubrika,
08:10
and I have no doubt
that they will soon emerge
that they will soon emerge
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i ja ne sumnjam
da će se oni uskoro pojaviti
da će se oni uskoro pojaviti
08:14
and be recognized as such.
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i biti prepoznati.
08:18
I believe that interactive
storytelling can be
storytelling can be
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Verujem da interaktivno
pripovedanje može da bude
pripovedanje može da bude
08:21
what cinema was in the 20th century:
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to što je film bio u 20.veku:
08:24
an art that deeply changes its time.
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umetnost, koja dubinski menja svoje vreme.
08:28
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:29
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Cage - Interactive storytellerThe creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling.
Why you should listen
Today, storytelling is all around us, but more and more people don't want to be spectators anymore -- they want to be actors of their own fiction. From social networks to interactive TV, virtual reality to immersive theatre, interactive storytelling is the next frontier for a new generation of writers.
Many people have preconceived ideas about video games, and sometimes they are right. But few people know that games can also be a wonderful creative medium capable of telling a new kind of narrative. In most art forms, the audience is watching passively. With interactive storytelling, the spectator becomes the hero of his own story.
David Cage dedicated his career to trying to understand how to tell interactive stories. Convinced that games can be more than entertainment, he tries to show that they can be a new form of expression, maybe even a new form of art, capable of emulating the interactive nature of life itself.
David Cage | Speaker | TED.com