TED2019
Eric Liu: How to revive your belief in democracy
刘柏川: 如何重振你对民主的信仰
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公民福音传道者刘柏川（Eric Liu）分享了一种强有力的方式来重新点燃公民精神和民主仍然有效的信念。和他一起去“公民星期六”旅行，了解更多关于使公民参与成为每周的习惯将如何有助于建立基于共同价值观和归属的社区的方式。
Eric Liu - Civics educator
Eric Liu is founder of Citizen University, which teaches the art of powerful citizenship, and the executive director of the Aspen Institute Citizenship & American Identity Program. Full bio
Eric Liu is founder of Citizen University, which teaches the art of powerful citizenship, and the executive director of the Aspen Institute Citizenship & American Identity Program. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I bring you greetings
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我要将一个
来自世界自由度
排名第52位国家的问候。
排名第52位国家的问候。
00:14
from the 52nd-freest nation on earth.
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00:18
As an American, it irritates me
that my nation keeps sinking
that my nation keeps sinking
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作为一个美国人，我感到
烦恼的是自己国家的名次
烦恼的是自己国家的名次
00:22
in the annual rankings
published by Freedom House.
published by Freedom House.
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在每年《自由之家》公布
的排行榜中持续下滑。
的排行榜中持续下滑。
00:25
I'm the son of immigrants.
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我来自一个移民家庭。
00:27
My parents were born in China
during war and revolution,
during war and revolution,
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我的父母出生于战争
与解放时期的中国，
与解放时期的中国，
00:30
went to Taiwan and then came
to the United States,
to the United States,
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他们先去了台湾，后来到了美国，
00:33
which means all my life,
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这意味着我整个一生，
00:35
I've been acutely aware just how fragile
an inheritance freedom truly is.
an inheritance freedom truly is.
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都深刻地意识到传统自由
是何等脆弱。
是何等脆弱。
00:41
That's why I spend my time teaching,
preaching and practicing democracy.
preaching and practicing democracy.
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因此我把时间用在教学、
宣讲与实践民主上。
宣讲与实践民主上。
00:46
I have no illusions.
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我从不抱幻想。
00:48
All around the world now,
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在当今的世界，
00:49
people are doubting
whether democracy can deliver.
whether democracy can deliver.
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人们正怀疑民主能否实现。
00:53
Autocrats and demagogues seem emboldened,
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专制者和煽动者们看起来无所畏惧，
00:55
even cocky.
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甚至非常自大。
00:57
The free world feels leaderless.
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我们觉得自由的世界缺乏领袖。
01:00
And yet, I remain hopeful.
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然而，我依然充满希望。
01:03
I don't mean optimistic.
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我不是说乐观。
01:05
Optimism is for spectators.
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乐观是留给观众的。
01:07
Hope implies agency.
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希望暗示着行动。
01:09
It says I have a hand in the outcome.
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这说的是我可以为结果贡献力量。
01:12
Democratic hope requires faith
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民主的希望需要信仰，
01:14
not in a strongman or a charismatic savior
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不是信仰铁腕人物
或魅力超凡的救世主，
或魅力超凡的救世主，
01:18
but in each other,
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而是彼此之间的信仰，
01:20
and it forces us to ask:
How can we become worthy of such faith?
How can we become worthy of such faith?
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它促使我们提问：
我们如何才配拥有这种信仰？
我们如何才配拥有这种信仰？
01:26
I believe we are at a moment
of moral awakening,
of moral awakening,
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我相信我们正处于道德觉醒的时刻，
01:30
the kind that comes
when old certainties collapse.
when old certainties collapse.
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这是一个旧认知崩塌的时刻。
01:33
At the heart of that awakening
is what I call "civic religion."
is what I call "civic religion."
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这场觉醒的核心，
我称之为“公民宗教”。
我称之为“公民宗教”。
01:38
And today, I want to talk about
what civic religion is,
what civic religion is,
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今天，我想讨论什么是公民宗教，
01:42
how we practice it,
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我们如何实践它，
01:43
and why it matters now more than ever.
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还有为什么它在现今变得更重要？
01:46
Let me start with the what.
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让我从“它是什么”开始。
01:48
I define civic religion as a system
of shared beliefs and collective practices
of shared beliefs and collective practices
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我给公民宗教的定义是
一个选择像公民一样生活的
一个选择像公民一样生活的
01:54
by which the members
of a self-governing community
of a self-governing community
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自治社区成员所共享的
01:57
choose to live like citizens.
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信仰与集体实践的系统。
02:00
Now, when I say "citizen" here,
I'm not referring to papers or passports.
I'm not referring to papers or passports.
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我在这里说的“公民”，
无关证件或护照的范畴。
无关证件或护照的范畴。
02:04
I'm talking about a deeper,
broader, ethical conception
broader, ethical conception
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我谈论的是作为一个社区的贡献者，
02:07
of being a contributor to community,
a member of the body.
a member of the body.
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社区一员的更深入、
更广泛的伦理道德观念。
更广泛的伦理道德观念。
02:12
To speak of civic religion as religion
is not poetic license.
is not poetic license.
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说公民宗教为宗教
并非为了诗意修辞。
并非为了诗意修辞。
02:16
That's because democracy
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那是因为民主制度
02:17
is one of the most faith-fueled
human activities there is.
human activities there is.
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是最需要用信仰推动的
人类活动之一。
人类活动之一。
02:21
Democracy works only when enough of us
believe democracy works.
believe democracy works.
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唯有足够多的人相信民主，
它才能发挥作用。
它才能发挥作用。
02:26
It is at once a gamble and a miracle.
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这既是一场赌博，也是一个奇迹。
02:30
Its legitimacy comes not from
the outer frame of constitutional rules,
the outer frame of constitutional rules,
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它的合法性并非来自
外部的国家宪法框架，
外部的国家宪法框架，
02:35
but from the inner workings
of civic spirit.
of civic spirit.
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而是源自公民精神的内核。
02:39
Civic religion, like any religion,
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公民宗教，和其他的宗教一样，
02:42
contains a sacred creed,
sacred deeds and sacred rituals.
sacred deeds and sacred rituals.
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包含神圣信条、神圣的契约
和神圣的仪式。
和神圣的仪式。
02:47
My creed includes words like
"equal protection of the laws"
"equal protection of the laws"
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我的信条里包含的话语如
“人人平等的法律保护权”
“人人平等的法律保护权”
02:51
and "we the people."
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以及“我们人民”。
02:53
My roll call of hallowed deeds
includes abolition, women's suffrage,
includes abolition, women's suffrage,
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我的神圣事迹名单包括
废除奴隶制，妇女选举权，
废除奴隶制，妇女选举权，
02:58
the civil rights movement,
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民权运动，
02:59
the Allied landing at Normandy,
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盟军登陆诺曼底，
03:02
the fall of the Berlin Wall.
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柏林墙的倒塌。
03:04
And I have a new civic ritual
that I'll tell you about in a moment.
that I'll tell you about in a moment.
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稍后我还将告诉你们一个
新的公民宗教仪式。
新的公民宗教仪式。
03:09
Wherever on earth you're from,
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不论你来自地球的哪个角落，
03:11
you can find or make
your own set of creed, deed and ritual.
your own set of creed, deed and ritual.
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你都可以找到或者制定你自己
的信仰，信条和仪式。
的信仰，信条和仪式。
03:16
The practice of civic religion
is not about worship of the state
is not about worship of the state
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公民宗教的实践无关国家崇拜，
03:20
or obedience to a ruling party.
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也不是屈服于执政党。
03:23
It is about commitment to one another
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它是关于对他人
03:24
and our common ideals.
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和我们共同理想的承诺。
03:26
And the sacredness of civic religion
is not about divinity or the supernatural.
is not about divinity or the supernatural.
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并且公民宗教的神圣性
与神性或者超自然无关。
与神性或者超自然无关。
03:32
It is about a group of unlike people
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它是一群不同的人
03:35
speaking into being our alikeness,
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通过对话形成我们的共性，
03:38
our groupness.
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我们的群体性。
03:41
Perhaps now you're getting
a little worried
a little worried
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也许你们现在有些怀疑
我这是在大力推崇邪教。
03:43
that I'm trying to sell you on a cult.
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03:45
Relax, I'm not.
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放心，我不是。
03:47
I don't need to sell you.
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我不需要说服你们。
03:49
As a human, you are always
in the market for a cult,
in the market for a cult,
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作为人类，你们经常处于各种邪教，
03:52
for some variety of religious experience.
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各种宗教体验的包围中。
03:55
We are wired to seek
cosmological explanations,
cosmological explanations,
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我们天生就想要寻求宇宙学的解释，
03:59
to sacralize beliefs
that unite us in transcendent purpose.
that unite us in transcendent purpose.
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将那些把我们团结在
超然目标中的信念神圣化。
超然目标中的信念神圣化。
04:03
Humans make religion
because humans make groups.
because humans make groups.
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人类因群居而创造了宗教。
04:07
The only choice we have is whether
to activate that groupness for good.
to activate that groupness for good.
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我们唯一的选择是是否要
为了福祉来激活这种群体性。
为了福祉来激活这种群体性。
04:12
If you are a devout person, you know this.
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如果你是一个虔诚的人，
你就会知道这点。
你就会知道这点。
04:15
If you are not,
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如果你不是，
04:16
if you no longer go to prayer services
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如果你不再祷告
04:18
or never did,
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或者从来没做过，
04:20
then perhaps you'll say
that yoga is your religion,
that yoga is your religion,
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那么可能你会说你的信仰是瑜伽，
04:24
or Premier League football,
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或是英超足球，
04:26
or knitting, or coding or TED Talks.
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是编织、编程或TED演讲。
04:30
But whether you believe in a God
or in the absence of gods,
or in the absence of gods,
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但你是否相信上帝还是相信虚无，
04:35
civic religion does not require you
to renounce your beliefs.
to renounce your beliefs.
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公民宗教并不需要你放弃你的信仰。
04:39
It requires you only
to show up as a citizen.
to show up as a citizen.
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它只需要你表现得是一个公民就好。
04:43
And that brings me to my second topic:
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接下来进入我的第二个话题：
04:46
how we can practice
civic religion productively.
civic religion productively.
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我们如何有效地践行公民宗教。
04:50
Let me tell you now
about that new civic ritual.
about that new civic ritual.
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我来介绍一下新的公民仪式。
04:52
It's called "Civic Saturday,"
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它叫做“公民星期六”，
04:54
and it follows the arc
of a faith gathering.
of a faith gathering.
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它遵循着宗教集会的轨迹。
04:57
We sing together,
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我们一起唱歌，
04:59
we turn to the strangers next to us
to discuss a common question,
to discuss a common question,
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我们跟旁边的陌生人
讨论共同的问题，
讨论共同的问题，
05:04
we hear poetry and scripture,
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我们听诗歌和经文，
05:06
there's a sermon that ties those texts
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有场布道会将这些资料
05:09
to the ethical choices
and controversies of our time,
and controversies of our time,
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和这个时代的伦理选择
和争议联系起来，
和争议联系起来，
05:12
but the song and scripture and the sermon
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但这些诗歌、经文和布道
05:15
are not from church
or synagogue or mosque.
or synagogue or mosque.
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并非来自基督教堂、
犹太教堂或清真寺。
犹太教堂或清真寺。
05:18
They are civic,
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它们是公民的，
05:19
drawn from our shared civic ideals
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源自我们共同的公民理想，
05:21
and a shared history of claiming
and contesting those ideals.
and contesting those ideals.
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以及对这些理念的
共同宣扬和挑战的历史。
共同宣扬和挑战的历史。
05:27
Afterwards, we form up in circles
to organize rallies, register voters,
to organize rallies, register voters,
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然后，我们围成一圈
组织集会，登记选民，
组织集会，登记选民，
05:32
join new clubs, make new friends.
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加入新的俱乐部，结交新朋友。
05:36
My colleagues and I
started organizing Civic Saturdays
started organizing Civic Saturdays
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我和同时于2016年开始在西雅图
05:39
in Seattle in 2016.
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组织公民星期六。
05:41
Since then, they have spread
across the continent.
across the continent.
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自那之后，它们开始
在全国传播开来。
在全国传播开来。
05:44
Sometimes hundreds attend,
sometimes dozens.
sometimes dozens.
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有时候有数百人参与，
有时候几十个人。
有时候几十个人。
05:47
They happen in libraries
and community centers
and community centers
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有时候举办在图书馆和社区中心
05:50
and coworking spaces,
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以及共同办公空间，
05:51
under festive tents
and inside great halls.
and inside great halls.
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或者节日帐篷和大厅里。
05:55
There's nothing high-tech
about this social technology.
about this social technology.
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这种社会技术没有什么高科技可言。
05:59
It speaks to a basic human yearning
for face-to-face fellowship.
for face-to-face fellowship.
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它体现了人类对
面对面交流的基本渴望。
面对面交流的基本渴望。
06:04
It draws young and old, left and right,
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它吸引了年轻人和老人，左派和右派，
06:07
poor and rich, churched and unchurched,
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穷人和富人，传教士和非传教士，
06:10
of all races.
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以及各种种族。
06:13
When you come to a Civic Saturday
and are invited to discuss a question
and are invited to discuss a question
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当你参与公民星期六，
并被邀请讨论诸如
并被邀请讨论诸如
06:18
like "Who are you responsible for?"
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“你要对谁负责？”
06:20
or "What are you willing to risk
or to give up for your community?"
or to give up for your community?"
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或者“为了你的社区你愿意冒险
或放弃什么？”之类的问题，
或放弃什么？”之类的问题，
06:27
When that happens, something moves.
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这些情况发生时，事情就会发生变化。
06:29
You are moved.
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你会被触动。
06:31
You start telling your story.
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你开始讲述你的故事。
06:33
We start actually seeing one another.
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我们开始看到彼此。
06:35
You realize that homelessness,
gun violence, gentrification,
gun violence, gentrification,
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你会意识到无家可归，
枪支暴力，士绅化，
枪支暴力，士绅化，
06:40
terrible traffic, mistrust
of newcomers, fake news --
of newcomers, fake news --
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糟糕的交通，对新来者
的不信任，假新闻——
的不信任，假新闻——
06:43
these things
aren't someone else's problem,
aren't someone else's problem,
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这些东西不是某个人的问题，
06:46
they are the aggregation
of your own habits and omissions.
of your own habits and omissions.
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它们是我们习惯和疏漏的总和。
06:50
Society becomes how you behave.
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你的行为决定了社会的样子。
06:55
We are never asked to reflect
on the content of our citizenship.
on the content of our citizenship.
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我们从来没被要求反思
我们的公民身份的内容。
我们的公民身份的内容。
07:01
Most of us are never invited
to do more or to be more,
to do more or to be more,
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我们很多人从没被邀请
去做更多或变得更多，
去做更多或变得更多，
07:06
and most of us have no idea
how much we crave that invitation.
how much we crave that invitation.
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并且我们很多人不知道我们
有多渴望得到这样的邀请。
有多渴望得到这样的邀请。
07:13
We've since created a civic seminary
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从那以后，我们创建了
一个公民神学院，
一个公民神学院，
07:15
to start training people from all over
to lead Civic Saturday gatherings
to lead Civic Saturday gatherings
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开始培训世界各地的人们，
让他们在自己的城镇
让他们在自己的城镇
07:19
on their own, in their own towns.
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领导公民星期六的集会。
07:21
In the community of Athens, Tennessee,
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在田纳西州的雅典社区，
07:24
a feisty leader named Whitney Kimball Coe
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一位名叫惠特尼·金博尔·科
的精力充沛的领导者
的精力充沛的领导者
07:26
leads hers in an art and framing shop
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在一家有青年唱诗班和许多小旗子
07:29
with a youth choir
and lots of little flags.
and lots of little flags.
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的艺术与装裱店领导集会。
07:32
A young activist named Berto Aguayo
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一位名叫贝托·阿瓜约的
年轻活动人士
年轻活动人士
07:34
led his Civic Saturday on a street corner
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在芝加哥后院的一个街角
07:36
in the Back of the Yards
neighborhood of Chicago.
neighborhood of Chicago.
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领导他的公民星期六。
07:39
Berto was once involved with gangs.
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贝托曾经参加过帮派。
07:42
Now, he's keeping the peace
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现在，他在维护和平
07:44
and organizing political campaigns.
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和组织政治活动。
07:47
In Honolulu, Rafael Bergstrom,
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在檀香山，拉斐尔·伯格斯特罗姆，
07:50
a former pro baseball player
turned photographer and conservationist,
turned photographer and conservationist,
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一名前职业棒球运动员，
后来成为摄影师和环保主义者，
后来成为摄影师和环保主义者，
07:55
leads his under the banner
"Civics IS Sexy."
"Civics IS Sexy."
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在“公民是性感的”的旗帜下
领导他自己的公民星期六。
领导他自己的公民星期六。
07:58
It is.
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它是的。
07:59
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
08:02
Sometimes I'm asked,
even by our seminarians:
even by our seminarians:
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有时候甚至我们神学院的学生也问我：
08:05
"Isn't it dangerous
to use religious language?
to use religious language?
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“使用宗教的语言会不会危险？
08:07
Won't that just make our politics
even more dogmatic and self-righteous?"
even more dogmatic and self-righteous?"
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这难道不会让我们的政治
更加教条和自以为是吗？”
更加教条和自以为是吗？”
08:12
But this view assumes that all religion
is fanatical fundamentalism.
is fanatical fundamentalism.
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这种观点的潜台词是，所有宗教
都是狂热的原教旨主义的。
都是狂热的原教旨主义的。
08:16
It is not.
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并不是的。
08:18
Religion is also moral discernment,
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宗教也是道德明辨的。
08:22
an embrace of doubt,
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是拥抱怀疑的，
08:24
a commitment to detach from self
and serve others,
and serve others,
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致力于放下自我并为他人服务，
08:28
a challenge to repair the world.
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接受修复世界的挑战。
08:31
In this sense, politics could stand
to be a little more like religion,
to be a little more like religion,
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在这个意义上，政治应更多像是宗教，
08:35
not less.
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而非更少。
08:37
Thus, my final topic today:
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因此，我今天最后一个话题是：
08:40
why civic religion matters now.
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为什么现在公民宗教这么重要。
08:43
I want to offer two reasons.
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我想要给出两个理由。
08:45
One is to counter the culture
of hyperindividualism.
of hyperindividualism.
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一个是反对极端的个人主义文化。
08:50
Every message we get
from every screen and surface
from every screen and surface
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我们从现代市场环境每个屏幕和表面
08:53
of the modern marketplace
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得到的每一条信息都是
08:55
is that each of us is on our own,
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我们每个人都是独立的，
08:57
a free agent,
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自由行动，
08:58
free to manage our own brands,
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自由管理自己的品牌，
09:00
free to live under bridges,
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自由生活在天桥底下，
09:02
free to have side hustles,
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自由做副业，
09:04
free to die alone without insurance.
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自由在没有保险的情况下孤独死去。
09:08
Market liberalism tells us
we are masters beholden to none,
we are masters beholden to none,
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市场自由主义告诉我们，
我们是不受任何约束的主人，
我们是不受任何约束的主人，
09:12
but then it enslaves us
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但它却把我们束缚在
09:15
in the awful isolation
of consumerism and status anxiety.
of consumerism and status anxiety.
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消费主义和地位焦虑
的可怕孤立之中。
的可怕孤立之中。
09:19
(Audience) Yeah!
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（观众）没错！
09:20
Millions of us are on to the con now.
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数以百万的人现在明白了。
09:23
We are realizing now
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我们现在意识到
09:26
that a free-for-all is not the same
as freedom for all.
as freedom for all.
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人人拥有自由并不等于
人人享有自由。
人人享有自由。
09:29
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
09:35
What truly makes us free
is being bound to others
is being bound to others
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真正使我们自由的
是在互助和义务中
是在互助和义务中
09:38
in mutual aid and obligation,
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与他人绑在一起，
09:40
having to work things out the best we can
in our neighborhoods and towns,
in our neighborhoods and towns,
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我们必须在社区和城镇里
尽我们所能把事情解决好，
尽我们所能把事情解决好，
09:44
as if our fates were entwined --
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就如我们的命运是交织的——
09:47
because they are --
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因为它们本就如此——
09:48
as if we could not secede
from one another,
from one another,
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就如我们不能彼此分离，
09:51
because, in the end, we cannot.
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因为最终，我们不能分离。
09:53
Binding ourselves this way
actually liberates us.
actually liberates us.
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这样绑定我们实际上解放了我们。
09:57
It reveals that we are equal in dignity.
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它表明我们拥有平等的尊严。
10:01
It reminds us that rights
come with responsibilities.
come with responsibilities.
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它提醒我们权利伴随责任而来。
10:05
It reminds us, in fact,
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它提醒我们，实际上，
10:06
that rights properly understood
are responsibilities.
are responsibilities.
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权利的正确理解就是责任。
10:12
The second reason
why civic religion matters now
why civic religion matters now
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公民宗教现在如此重要的
第二个原因是，
第二个原因是，
10:15
is that it offers the healthiest
possible story of us and them.
possible story of us and them.
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它为我们和他们提供了最健康的故事。
10:20
We talk about identity politics today
as if it were something new,
as if it were something new,
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我们今天谈论的身份政治
好像是新事物一样，
好像是新事物一样，
10:26
but it's not.
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但并非如此。
10:29
All politics is identity politics,
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所有的政治都是身份政治，
10:31
a never-ending struggle
to define who truly belongs.
to define who truly belongs.
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一场定义谁才是真正归属
的无休止斗争。
的无休止斗争。
10:35
Instead of noxious myths of blood and soil
that mark some as forever outsiders,
that mark some as forever outsiders,
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跟那些永远把一些人视为局外人的
关于鲜血和土地的有害神话相比，
关于鲜血和土地的有害神话相比，
10:40
civic religion offers everyone
a path to belonging
a path to belonging
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公民宗教为每个人提供了一条
10:44
based only a universal creed
of contribution, participation,
of contribution, participation,
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通往奉献、参与、包容的普世信念
10:49
inclusion.
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的道路。
10:51
In civic religion, the "us"
is those who wish to serve,
is those who wish to serve,
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在公民宗教中，“我们”是那些希望服务，
10:56
volunteer, vote, listen, learn,
empathize, argue better,
empathize, argue better,
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自愿，投票，倾听，学习，
同情，更好地辩论的人，
同情，更好地辩论的人，
11:00
circulate power rather than hoard it.
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将权力循环使用而不是储存起来。
11:02
The "them" is those who don't.
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“他们”是那些不这样做的人。
11:06
It is possible to judge the them harshly,
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对他们进行严厉的批评是可能的，
11:09
but it isn't necessary,
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但这是没有必要的，
11:11
for at any time, one of them
can become one of us,
can become one of us,
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因为在任何时候，他们都
有可能成为我们的一员，
有可能成为我们的一员，
11:15
simply by choosing to live like a citizen.
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只需要选择像公民那样生活。
11:19
So let's welcome them in.
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所以让我们欢迎他们加入。
11:22
Whitney and Berto and Rafael
are gifted welcomers.
are gifted welcomers.
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惠特尼、贝托和拉斐尔
是天生的欢迎者。
是天生的欢迎者。
11:26
Each has a distinctive, locally rooted way
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他们都有独特的，根植于本地的方式
11:29
to make faith in democracy
relatable to others.
relatable to others.
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去让别人对与人息息相关
的民主产生信仰。
的民主产生信仰。
11:33
Their slang might be Appalachian
or South Side or Hawaiian.
or South Side or Hawaiian.
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他们的俚语可能是阿巴拉契亚语、
南区语或夏威夷语。
南区语或夏威夷语。
11:37
Their message is the same:
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他们的信息是一样的：
11:38
civic love, civic spirit,
civic responsibility.
civic responsibility.
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公民之爱，公民精神，公民责任。
11:44
Now you might think
that all this civic religion stuff
that all this civic religion stuff
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现在你可能会觉得
这些公民宗教的玩意
这些公民宗教的玩意
11:47
is just for overzealous
second-generation Americans like me.
second-generation Americans like me.
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只适合像我这样过分
热情的二代美国人。
热情的二代美国人。
11:52
But actually, it is for anyone, anywhere,
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但实际上，它适合任何人，任何地方，
11:54
who wants to kindle the bonds of trust,
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适合那些想要点燃
管理我们自由所需
管理我们自由所需
11:57
affection and joint action
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的信任、情感
11:59
needed to govern ourselves in freedom.
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和共同行动的纽带的人。
12:02
Now maybe Civic Saturdays aren't for you.
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也许公民星期六不适合你。
12:05
That's OK.
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那没关系。
12:06
Find your own ways to foster
civic habits of the heart.
civic habits of the heart.
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用你自己的方式
培养自己的公民习惯。
培养自己的公民习惯。
12:12
Many forms of beloved
civic community are thriving now,
civic community are thriving now,
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在这个觉醒的时代，很多
受人喜爱的公民社区形式
受人喜爱的公民社区形式
12:15
in this age of awakening.
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正在蓬勃发展。
12:17
Groups like Community Organizing Japan,
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像“社区组织日本”这样的团体，
12:19
which uses creative performative
rituals of storytelling
rituals of storytelling
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使用创造性的表演仪式来讲述故事，
12:23
to promote equality for women.
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去提倡女性平等。
12:26
In Iceland, civil confirmations,
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在冰岛的公民坚信礼中，
12:28
where young people are led by an elder
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年轻人由长辈带领
12:30
to learn the history
and civic traditions of their society,
and civic traditions of their society,
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学习他们社会的历史和公民传统。
12:34
culminating in a rite-of-passage ceremony
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在类似于教堂确认仪式
12:37
akin to church confirmation.
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的仪式中达到高潮。
12:39
Ben Franklin Circles in the United States,
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在美国的“本·富兰克林圈”里，
12:42
where friends meet monthly
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人们每月定期聚会
12:44
to discuss and reflect upon the virtues
that Franklin codified
that Franklin codified
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讨论和反思富兰克林在他的自传中
12:48
in his autobiography,
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编纂的美德，
12:49
like justice and gratitude
and forgiveness.
and forgiveness.
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如正义、感恩和宽恕。
12:55
I know civic religion is not enough
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我知道公民宗教不足以纠正
12:57
to remedy the radical
inequities of our age.
inequities of our age.
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我们这个时代的根本不平等。
13:01
We need power for that.
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我们需要权力。
13:03
But power without character
is a cure worse than the disease.
is a cure worse than the disease.
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但没有品格的权力比疾病更糟糕。
13:08
I know civic religion alone
can't fix corrupt institutions,
can't fix corrupt institutions,
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我知道单凭公民宗教
不能纠正腐败的制度，
不能纠正腐败的制度，
13:13
but institutional reforms
without new norms will not last.
without new norms will not last.
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但没有新规范的制度无法长久。
13:18
Culture is upstream of law.
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文化是法律的上游。
13:20
Spirit is upstream of policy.
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精神是政策的上游。
13:23
The soul is upstream of the state.
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灵魂是国家的上游。
13:25
We cannot unpollute our politics
if we clean only downstream.
if we clean only downstream.
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如果我们只清理下游，我们就
不能使我们的政治不受污染。
不能使我们的政治不受污染。
13:30
We must get to the source.
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我们必须直击源头。
13:32
The source is our values,
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源头是我们的价值，
13:35
and on the topic of values,
my advice is simple: have some.
my advice is simple: have some.
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在价值的话题中，我的
建议很简单：得有。
建议很简单：得有。
13:40
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
13:42
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
13:47
Make sure those values are prosocial.
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确保这些价值是亲社会的。
13:49
Put them into practice,
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把它们付诸实践，
13:51
and do so in the company of others,
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在别人的陪伴下去做，
13:53
with a structure of creed,
deed and joyful ritual
deed and joyful ritual
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用一种信条、实际和快乐的仪式结构
13:57
that'll keep all of you coming back.
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来保持你们所有人的持续。
14:01
Those of us who believe in democracy
and believe it is still possible,
and believe it is still possible,
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对我们这些相信民主并
相信民主是可能的人而言，
相信民主是可能的人而言，
14:04
we have the burden of proving it.
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我们去证明这一点有负担。
14:07
But remember, it is no burden at all
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但请记住，在一个
你被视为成人的社区里，
你被视为成人的社区里，
14:10
to be in a community
where you are seen as fully human,
where you are seen as fully human,
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在一个你对影响你的事情
有发言权的社区里，
有发言权的社区里，
14:13
where you have a say
in the things that affect you,
in the things that affect you,
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在一个你不需要被连接
也能被尊重的社区里，
也能被尊重的社区里，
14:16
where you don't need
to be connected to be respected.
to be connected to be respected.
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这根本不是什么负担。
14:19
That is called a blessing,
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这就是福音，
14:22
and it is available to all who believe.
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并且它属于每一个相信的人。
14:25
Thank you.
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谢谢。
14:26
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eric Liu - Civics educatorEric Liu is founder of Citizen University, which teaches the art of powerful citizenship, and the executive director of the Aspen Institute Citizenship & American Identity Program.
Why you should listen
Eric Liu is an author, educator and civic entrepreneur. He is the founder and CEO of Citizen University, which promotes and teaches the art of great citizenship through a portfolio of national programs, and the executive director of the Aspen Institute Citizenship and American Identity Program.
Liu's books include the national bestsellers The Gardens of Democracy, and The True Patriot, co-authored with Nick Hanauer. His most recent book is A Chinaman's Chance, published in July, 2014. His first book, The Accidental Asian: Notes of a Native Speaker, was a New York Times Notable Book featured in the PBS documentary "Matters of Race." His other books include Guiding Lights: How to Mentor – and Find Life's Purpose, the Official Book of National Mentoring Month; and Imagination First, co-authored with Scott Noppe-Brandon of the Lincoln Center Institute, which explores ways to unlock imagination in education, politics, business and the arts.
Liu served as a White House speechwriter for President Bill Clinton and later as the President's deputy domestic policy adviser. After the White House, he was an executive at the digital media company RealNetworks. In 2002 he was named one of the World Economic Forum’s Global Leaders of Tomorrow, and in 2010 he was awarded the Bill Grace Leadership Legacy Award by the Center for Ethical Leadership.
Liu lives in Seattle, where he teaches civic leadership at the University of Washington and hosts Citizen University TV, a television program about civic power. In addition to speaking regularly at venues across the country, he also serves on numerous nonprofit and civic boards. He is the co-founder of the Washington Alliance for Gun Responsibility. A board member of the Corporation for National and Community Service, he is a graduate of Yale College and Harvard Law School.
Eric Liu | Speaker | TED.com