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Natalie Fratto: 3 ways to measure your adaptability -- and how to improve it
Natalie Fratto: 3 cara untuk mengukur kemampuan beradaptasi Anda dan cara meningkatkannya
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Saat pemodal ventura Natalie Fratto mencari pendiri start-up yang layak didukung, dia bukan hanya mencari kecerdasan atau karisma; dia juga mencari kemampuan beradaptasi. Dalam perbincangan penuh wawasan ini, Fratto berbagi tiga cara untuk mengukur "kecerdasan beradaptasi" Anda dan menunjukkan pentingnya respons Anda terhadap perubahan.
Natalie Fratto - Venture investor, writer
Natalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us. Full bio
Natalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I met 273 start-up founders last year.
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Tahun lalu saya bertemu
273 pendiri startup.
273 pendiri startup.
00:16
And each one was looking for money.
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Mereka semua mencari modal.
00:18
As a tech investor,
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Sebagai investor teknologi,
00:20
my goal was to sort through
everyone that I met
everyone that I met
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tujuan saya adalah memilah
setiap orang yang saya temui
setiap orang yang saya temui
00:23
and make a quick determination
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dan segera memutuskan
00:24
about which ones had the potential
to make something really big.
to make something really big.
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siapa yang berpotensi
menghasilkan sesuatu yang besar.
menghasilkan sesuatu yang besar.
00:28
But what makes a great founder?
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Apa faktor penentunya?
00:30
This is a question I ask myself daily.
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Saya selalu menanyakan itu
pada diri sendiri.
pada diri sendiri.
00:33
Some venture capitalists place bets
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Beberapa pemodal ventura bertaruh
00:35
based on a founder's previous background.
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berdasarkan rekam jejak seorang pendiri.
00:37
Did they go to an Ivy League school?
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Apa mereka lulusan kampus ternama?
00:39
Have they worked at a blue-chip company?
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Atau bekerja di perusahan bonafide?
00:41
Have they built out a big vision before?
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Apa mereka pernah memiliki visi besar?
00:43
Effectively, how smart is this person?
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Ringkasnya, seberapa pintar
orang tersebut.
orang tersebut.
00:46
Other VCs asses a founder's
emotional quotient, or EQ.
emotional quotient, or EQ.
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Penanam modal lain mempertimbangkan
kecerdasan emosional, atau EQ.
kecerdasan emosional, atau EQ.
00:50
How well will this person build teams
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Seberapa baik orang itu
membangun tim
membangun tim
00:52
and build rapport
across customers and clients?
across customers and clients?
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dan menjalin relasi
dengan pelanggan dan klien?
dengan pelanggan dan klien?
00:56
I have a different methodology
to assess start-up founders, though,
to assess start-up founders, though,
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Saya punya metodologi berbeda
untuk menilai pendiri startup,
untuk menilai pendiri startup,
00:59
and it's not complicated.
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dan itu tidak rumit.
01:01
I look for signs of one specific trait.
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Saya mencari satu sifat khusus.
01:04
Not IQ, not EQ.
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Bukan IQ atau EQ.
01:06
It's adaptability:
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Kemampuan beradaptasi.
01:08
how well a person reacts
to the inevitability of change,
to the inevitability of change,
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Sebaik apa seseorang bereaksi terhadap
perubahan yang tidak terelakkan,
perubahan yang tidak terelakkan,
01:12
and lots of it.
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dalam jumlah besar.
01:13
That's the single most important
determinant for me.
determinant for me.
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Bagi saya, itu adalah faktor penentu.
01:16
I subscribe to the belief
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Saya meyakini
01:17
that adaptability itself
is a form of intelligence,
is a form of intelligence,
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bahwa kemampuan beradaptasi adalah
suatu bentuk kecerdasan,
suatu bentuk kecerdasan,
01:21
and our adaptability quotient, or AQ,
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dan kecerdasan beradaptasi, atau AQ,
01:24
is something that can be measured,
tested and improved.
tested and improved.
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adalah sesuatu yang dapat diukur, diuji
dan ditingkatkan.
dan ditingkatkan.
01:28
AQ isn't just useful
for start-up founders, however.
for start-up founders, however.
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AQ tidak hanya berguna
bagi pendiri startup.
bagi pendiri startup.
01:31
I think it's increasingly
important for all of us.
important for all of us.
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Kurasa itu penting bagi kita semua.
01:33
Because the world is speeding up.
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Dunia bergerak semakin cepat.
01:35
We know that the rate
of technological change is accelerating,
of technological change is accelerating,
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Kita tahu bahwa perubahan teknologi
berlangsung semakin cepat,
berlangsung semakin cepat,
01:38
which is forcing our brains to react.
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hingga memaksa otak kita bereaksi.
01:41
Whether you're navigating
changing job conditions
changing job conditions
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Mungkin Anda beradaptasi dengan
otomatisasi di pekerjaan Anda,
01:43
brought on by automation,
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01:45
shifting geopolitics
in a more globalized world,
in a more globalized world,
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pergeseran geopolitik di dunia
yang semakin global,
yang semakin global,
01:48
or simply changing family dynamics
and personal relationships.
and personal relationships.
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bahkan perubahan dinamika dalam
hubungan keluarga dan pribadi.
hubungan keluarga dan pribadi.
01:51
Each of us, as individuals, groups,
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Kita, sebagai individu, kelompok,
01:54
corporations and even governments
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perusahaan dan bahkan pemerintah
01:56
are being forced to grapple
with more change
with more change
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dipaksa bergulat
dengan lebih banyak perubahan
dengan lebih banyak perubahan
01:59
than ever before in human history.
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yang pernah ada dalam sejarah manusia.
02:02
So, how do we assess our adaptability?
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Jadi, bagaimana cara menilai
kemampuan beradaptasi kita?
kemampuan beradaptasi kita?
Ada tiga trik yang saya gunakan
saat bertemu pendiri startup.
saat bertemu pendiri startup.
02:05
I use three tricks
when meeting with founders.
when meeting with founders.
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02:08
Here's the first.
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Ini trik pertama.
02:09
Think back to your
most recent job interview.
most recent job interview.
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Ingatlah saat Anda
melakukan wawancara kerja.
melakukan wawancara kerja.
02:12
What kind of questions were you asked?
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Apa pertanyaan yang diajukan?
02:14
Probably some variation of,
"Tell me about a time when," right?
"Tell me about a time when," right?
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Mungkin pertanyaan tentang
suatu masa di hidup Anda, 'kan?
suatu masa di hidup Anda, 'kan?
02:19
Instead, to interview for adaptability,
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Sebagai gantinya, untuk mengetahui
kemampuan beradaptasi,
kemampuan beradaptasi,
02:22
I like to ask "what if" questions.
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Saya suka menanyakan pengandaian.
02:24
What if your main revenue stream
were to dry up overnight?
were to dry up overnight?
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Bayangkan sumber pendapatan
utama Anda macet dalam semalam.
utama Anda macet dalam semalam.
02:27
What if a heat wave prevented
every single customer
every single customer
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Bayangkan jika gelombang panas membuat
02:29
from being able to visit your store?
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pelanggan tidak bisa datang ke toko Anda.
02:31
Asking "what if," instead
of asking about the past,
of asking about the past,
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Daripada menanyakan masa lalu,
melakukan pengandaian
melakukan pengandaian
02:35
forces the brain to simulate.
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merangsang otak kita.
02:36
To picture multiple possible
versions of the future.
versions of the future.
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Membayangkan berbagai
kemungkinan di masa depan.
kemungkinan di masa depan.
02:39
The strength of that vision,
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Kekuatan pandangan tersebut,
02:41
as well as how many distinct scenarios
someone can conjure, tells me a lot.
someone can conjure, tells me a lot.
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ditambah ragam skenario yang tercetus,
memberiku banyak informasi.
memberiku banyak informasi.
02:46
Practicing simulations
is a sort of safe testing ground
is a sort of safe testing ground
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Melatih simulasi adalah
cara yang cukup aman
cara yang cukup aman
02:49
for improving adaptability.
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untuk meningkatkan kemampuan beradaptasi.
02:51
Instead of testing how you take in
and retain information,
and retain information,
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Kemampuan Anda memahami
dan mengingat informasi tidak diuji.
dan mengingat informasi tidak diuji.
02:55
like an IQ test might,
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seperti pada tes IQ,
02:57
it tests how you manipulate information,
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melainkan kemampuan Anda
memanipulasi informasi,
memanipulasi informasi,
03:00
given a constraint,
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ketika ada kendala,
03:01
in order to achieve a specific goal.
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guna mencapai sebuah tujuan.
03:04
The second trick that I use
to assess adaptability in founders
to assess adaptability in founders
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Trik kedua yang saya terapkan
dalam menilai para pendiri startup
dalam menilai para pendiri startup
03:08
is to look for signs of unlearning.
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adalah kemampuan mengubah pemahaman.
03:11
Active unlearners seek to challenge
what they presume to already know,
what they presume to already know,
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Maksudnya adalah kemampuan
untuk meragukan pemahaman,
untuk meragukan pemahaman,
03:15
and instead, override that data
with new information.
with new information.
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dan menggantinya dengan pemahaman baru.
03:19
Kind of like a computer
running a disk cleanup.
running a disk cleanup.
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Seperti komputer yang
melakukan pembersihan.
melakukan pembersihan.
03:23
Take the example of Destin Sandlin,
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Ambil contoh Destin Sandlin,
03:25
who programed his bicycle
to turn left when he steered it right
to turn left when he steered it right
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dia memprogram agar sepedanya
belok ke kiri saat disetir ke kanan
belok ke kiri saat disetir ke kanan
03:28
and vice versa.
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dan sebaliknya.
03:30
He called this his Backwards Brain Bike,
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Dia menyebutnya Backwards Brain Bike,
03:32
and it took him nearly eight months
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dan dia butuh waktu hampir delapan bulan
03:34
just to learn how to ride it
kind of, sort of normally.
kind of, sort of normally.
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untuk belajar mengemudikannya
seperti biasa.
seperti biasa.
03:37
The fact that Destin was able
to unlearn his regular bike
to unlearn his regular bike
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Fakta bahwa Destin dapat mengubah
pemahamannya tentang
pemahamannya tentang
03:40
in favor of a new one, though,
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cara mengemudikan sepeda,
03:42
signals something awesome
about our adaptability.
about our adaptability.
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menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan
berdaptasi kita luar biasa.
berdaptasi kita luar biasa.
03:45
It's not fixed.
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Hal tersebut dapat berubah.
03:47
Instead, each of us
has the capacity to improve it,
has the capacity to improve it,
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Ternyata, kita mampu meningkatkannya,
03:50
through dedication and hard work.
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melalui dedikasi dan kerja keras.
03:52
On the last page of Gandhi's
autobiography, he wrote,
autobiography, he wrote,
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Pada halaman terakhir autobiografinya,
Gandhi menulis
Gandhi menulis
03:56
"I must reduce myself to zero."
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"Aku harus turun ke titik nol."
03:59
At many points in his very full life,
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Sepanjang hidupnya yang bermakna,
04:02
he was still seeking to return
to a beginner's mindset, to zero.
to a beginner's mindset, to zero.
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dia masih berusaha berpikir
seperti pemula, kembali ke titik nol.
seperti pemula, kembali ke titik nol.
04:06
To unlearn.
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Berusaha mengubah pemahaman.
04:08
In this way, I think
it's pretty safe to say
it's pretty safe to say
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Oleh karena itu, saya bisa bilang bahwa
04:11
Gandhi had a high AQ score.
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Gandhi memiliki nilai AQ yang tinggi.
04:12
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
04:14
The third and final trick
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Trik ketiga dan terakhir
04:15
that I use to assess
a founder's adaptability
a founder's adaptability
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untuk menilai kemampuan beradaptasi
04:18
is to look for people
who infuse exploration
who infuse exploration
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adalah mencari orang yang
menerapkan eksplorasi
menerapkan eksplorasi
04:21
into their life and their business.
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ke dalam kehidupan dan bisnis mereka.
04:23
There's a sort of natural tension
between exploration and exploitation.
between exploration and exploitation.
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Eksplorasi dan eksploitasi
sering kali bertentangan.
sering kali bertentangan.
04:28
And collectively,
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Secara umum,
04:29
all of us tend to overvalue exploitation.
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kita cenderung mengagungkan eksploitasi.
04:32
Here's what I mean.
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Begini maksud saya.
04:33
In the year 2000,
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Pada tahun 2000,
04:35
a man finagled his way
into a meeting with John Antioco,
into a meeting with John Antioco,
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seorang lelaki menipu agar
dapat bertemu dengan John Antioco,
dapat bertemu dengan John Antioco,
04:38
the CEO of Blockbuster,
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CEO Blockbuster,
04:40
and proposed a partnership
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dan mengajukan kemitraan
04:41
to manage Blockbuster's
fledgling online business.
fledgling online business.
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untuk mengelola
bisnis daring rintisan Blockbuster.
bisnis daring rintisan Blockbuster.
04:45
The CEO John laughed him
out of the room, saying,
out of the room, saying,
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John menertawakan tawaran tersebut
dan berkata,
dan berkata,
04:48
"I have millions of existing customers
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"Aku punya jutaan pelanggan
04:50
and thousands of successful retail stores.
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dan ribuan toko ritel yang sukses.
04:53
I really need to focus on the money."
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Aku harus fokus pada uang."
04:55
The other man in the meeting, however,
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Namun rupanya, peserta rapat lainnya
04:57
turned out to be Reed Hastings,
the CEO of Netflix.
the CEO of Netflix.
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adalah Reed Hastings, CEO Netflix.
05:00
In 2018, Netflix brought in
15.8 billion dollars,
15.8 billion dollars,
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Di tahun 2018 Netflix memperoleh
15,8 miliar dolar,
15,8 miliar dolar,
05:04
while Blockbuster
filed for bankruptcy in 2010,
filed for bankruptcy in 2010,
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sedangkan Blockbuster bangkrut pada 2010,
05:09
directly 10 years after that meeting.
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sepuluh tahun setelah pertemuan tersebut.
05:11
The Blockbuster CEO
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CEO Blockbuster
05:13
was too focused on exploiting
his already successful business model,
his already successful business model,
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terlalu fokus mengeksploitasi
model bisnisnya yang sudah berhasil,
model bisnisnya yang sudah berhasil,
05:17
so much so that he couldn't see
around the next corner.
around the next corner.
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sehingga dia tidak bisa
melihat lebih jauh.
melihat lebih jauh.
05:20
In that way, his previous success
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Dalam hal ini, keberhasilannya
05:22
became the enemy
of his adaptability potential.
of his adaptability potential.
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menjadi musuh dari potensi adaptasinya.
05:25
For the founders that I work with,
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Saya sampaikan kepada
para mitra,
para mitra,
05:27
I frame exploration
as a state of constant seeking.
as a state of constant seeking.
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bahwa eksplorasi adalah
upaya pencarian yang konstan.
upaya pencarian yang konstan.
05:30
To never fall too far in love
with your wins
with your wins
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Jangan sampai terlena
dengan kesuksesan kita,
dengan kesuksesan kita,
05:33
but rather continue to proactively
seek out what might kill you next.
seek out what might kill you next.
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melainkan terus mencari sesuatu
yang berpotensi menghancurkan kita.
yang berpotensi menghancurkan kita.
05:38
When I first started
exploring adaptability,
exploring adaptability,
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Saat pertama kali memahami
kemampuan beradaptasi,
kemampuan beradaptasi,
05:40
the thing I found most exciting
is that we can improve it.
is that we can improve it.
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hal yang menarik adalah
kita dapat meningkatkannya.
kita dapat meningkatkannya.
05:43
Each of us has the capacity
to become more adaptable.
to become more adaptable.
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Kita punya kapasitas untuk
beradaptasi dengan lebih mudah.
beradaptasi dengan lebih mudah.
05:47
But think of it like a muscle:
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Anggap saja seperti otot:
05:48
it's got to be exercised.
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hal tersebut harus dilatih.
05:50
And don't get discouraged
if it takes a while.
if it takes a while.
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Jangan patah semangat
jika butuh waktu lama.
jika butuh waktu lama.
05:53
Remember Destin Sandlin?
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Ingat Destin Sandlin?
05:54
It took him eight months
just to learn how to ride a bike.
just to learn how to ride a bike.
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Dia butuh delapan bulan untuk
belajar mengendarai sepeda.
belajar mengendarai sepeda.
05:57
Over time, using the tricks
that I use on founders --
that I use on founders --
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Seiring waktu, jika Anda
menggunakan trik yang saya gunakan,
menggunakan trik yang saya gunakan,
06:01
asking "what if" questions,
actively unlearning
actively unlearning
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berandai-andai,
berusaha mengubah pemahaman
berusaha mengubah pemahaman
06:04
and prioritizing exploration
over exploitation
over exploitation
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dan memprioritaskan eksplorasi
dibanding eksploitasi,
dibanding eksploitasi,
06:08
can put you in the driver's seat --
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maka Anda bisa memegang kendali.
06:10
so that the next time
something big changes,
something big changes,
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Jadi jika suatu saat ada perubahan besar,
06:12
you're already prepared.
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Anda sudah siap.
06:14
We're entering a future where IQ and EQ
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Kita memasuki masa depan di mana
IQ dan EQ tidak lebih penting
dibanding kecepatan beradaptasi.
dibanding kecepatan beradaptasi.
06:17
both matter way less
than how fast you're able to adapt.
than how fast you're able to adapt.
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06:21
So I hope that these tools
help you to raise your own AQ.
help you to raise your own AQ.
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Semoga cara ini dapat
membantu Anda meningkatkan AQ.
membantu Anda meningkatkan AQ.
06:24
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
06:26
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Natalie Fratto - Venture investor, writerNatalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us.
Why you should listen
A Y-Combinator alum and former IBM Watson strategist, Natalie Fratto most recently led international expansion at Silicon Valley Bank. She's written for Fortune, Fast Company and Motherboard. Today, she's building Launch With GS, a $500 million initiative to invest in women-led businesses and investment managers, at Goldman Sachs in New York, NY. She tweets a lot @NatalieFratto.
Natalie Fratto | Speaker | TED.com