ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joshua Foer - Writer
Joshua Foer is a science writer who 'accidentally' won the U.S. Memory Championship.

Why you should listen

In 2005 science writer Joshua Foer went to cover the U.S. Memory Championship. A year later he was back -- as contestant. A year of mental training with Europe's top memorizer turned into a book, Moonwalking with Einstein, which is both a chronicle of his immersion in the memory culture and wonderfully accessible and informative introduction to the science of memory. Much more surprisingly, that year of training also turned into a first-place victory at the national competition in New York and the chance to represent the U.S. at the World Memory Championship. Foer's writing has appeared in National Geographic, Slate, the New York Times, and other publications. He is the co-founder of the Atlas Obscura, an online guide to the world’s wonders and curiosities, and is also the co-founder of the design competition Sukkah City.

More profile about the speaker
Joshua Foer | Speaker | TED.com
TED2012

Joshua Foer: Feats of memory anyone can do

Joshua Foer: Neverjetne sposobnosti spomina. Ima jih vsak

Filmed:
5,663,855 views

Obstajajo ljudje, ki si lahko hitro zapomnijo zaporedja tisočih števil, vrstni red igralnih kart v enem kupu (ali v desetih!) in še veliko več. Znanstveni novinar Joshua Foer opisuje tehniko, ki se imenuje palača spomina, in prikaže njeno najbolj neverjetno lastnost: vsak se je lahko nauči, vključno z njim.
- Writer
Joshua Foer is a science writer who 'accidentally' won the U.S. Memory Championship. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
I'd like to invitepovabite you to closeblizu your eyesoči.
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Prosil bi vas, da zaprete oči.
00:20
ImaginePredstavljajte si yourselfsami standingstoji
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Predstavljajte si, da stojite
00:23
outsidezunaj the frontspredaj doorvrata of your home.
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pred pragom svoje hiše.
Rad bi, da ste pozorni na bravo vrat,
00:27
I'd like you to noticeopaziti the colorbarva of the doorvrata,
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00:30
the materialmaterial that it's madeizdelane out of.
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na material, iz katerega so narejena.
00:34
Now visualizevizualizirati a packpakiranje of overweightprekomerno telesno težo nudistsnudistom on bicycleskolesa.
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Sedaj si predstavljajte gručo debelih nudistov na kolesih.
00:41
They are competingtekmujejo in a nakedgola bicyclekolo racedirka,
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Tekmujejo v nudistični kolesarski tekmi
00:44
and they are headedvodil straightnaravnost for your frontspredaj doorvrata.
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in kolesarijo naravnost proti vašim vratom.
00:48
I need you to actuallydejansko see this.
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Hočem, da to zares vidite.
00:50
They are pedalingpoganjati really hardtežko, they're sweatyprepoten,
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Gonijo na vso moč. Močno se potijo.
00:53
they're bouncingpremetavati around a lot.
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Poskakoujejo gor in dol
00:56
And they crashcrash straightnaravnost into the frontspredaj doorvrata of your home.
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in se zaletijo naravnost v vaša vrata.
01:00
BicyclesKolesa flyletenje everywherepovsod, wheelskolesa rollroll pastpreteklost you,
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Kolesa letijo na vse strani, gume se kotalijo mimo vas.
01:04
spokesnapere endkonec up in awkwardnerodno placesmesta.
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Špice pristanejo na nenavadnih mestih.
Prestopite prag hiše.
01:07
StepKorak over the thresholdprag of your doorvrata
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Vstopite v vežo ali hodnik, kar pač je na drugi strani.
01:11
into your foyerFoyer, your hallwayhodnik, whatever'skarkoli osebe on the other sidestran,
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01:13
and appreciatecenite the qualitykakovost of the lightsvetloba.
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Zavedajte se kakšna je svetloba.
01:17
The lightsvetloba is shiningsije down on CookiePiškotek MonsterPošast.
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Svetloba sveti na Muppetka Cookieja.
01:23
CookiePiškotek MonsterPošast is wavingmahanje at you
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Cookie vam maha s police
01:26
from his perchostriž on topna vrh of a tanTan horsekonj.
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in sedi na svetlo rjavem konju.
01:29
It's a talkinggovoriti horsekonj.
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Gre za govorečega konja.
01:31
You can practicallypraktično feel his bluemodra furkrzno ticklingžgečkanja your nosenos.
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Čutite, kako vas njegov moder kožuh žgečka po nosu.
01:35
You can smellvonj the oatmealovsena kaša raisinrozin cookiepiškotek that he's about to shovellopato into his mouthusta.
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Vohate lahko piškot, ki ga drži in ga bo vsak čas pohrustal.
Pojdite mimo njega v dnevno sobo.
01:40
WalkHoje pastpreteklost him. WalkHoje pastpreteklost him into your livingživeti roomsoba.
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01:43
In your livingživeti roomsoba, in fullpolno imaginativedomišljijski broadbandširokopasovni dostop,
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V dnevni sobi si z vso svojo širokopasovno domišlijo
01:46
pictureslika BritneyBritney SpearsBritney Spears.
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predstavljajte Britney Sprears.
01:49
She is scantilyMršavo cladplatirane, she's dancingples on your coffeekava tablemizo,
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V obleki, ki komaj kaj prekriva, pleše na klubski mizici
01:55
and she's singingpetje "HitHit Me BabyOtroka One More Time."
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in poje eno svojih pesmi.
01:57
And then followsledite me into your kitchenkuhinja.
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Potem pojdite z mano v vašo kuhinjo.
02:00
In your kitchenkuhinja, the floornadstropje has been pavedtlakovane over with a yellowrumeno brickopeka roadcesta
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Tla v kuhinji so tlakovana z rumenimi tlakovci,
iz pečice pa proti vam prihajajo
02:04
and out of your ovenpečica are comingprihajajo towardsproti you
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Doroteja, Kositrni drvar,
02:08
DorothyDorothy, the TinKositer Man,
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02:10
the ScarecrowStrašilo and the LionLev from "The WizardČarovnik of OzOz,"
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Strašilo in Lev iz Čarovnika iz Oza.
Z roko v roki poskakujejo naravnost proti vam.
02:13
hand-in-handroko v roki skippingpreskakovanje straightnaravnost towardsproti you.
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02:15
Okay. OpenOdprta your eyesoči.
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Dobro, odprite oči.
Rad bi vam opisal zelo bizarno tekmovanje,
02:20
I want to tell you about a very bizarrebizarno contesttekmovanje
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02:23
that is heldpotekala everyvsak springspomladi in NewNove YorkYork CityMesto.
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ki se vsako leto odvija v New Yorku.
02:26
It's calledpozval the UnitedVelika StatesDržave MemorySpomin ChampionshipPrvenstvo.
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Imenuje se vseameriško tekmovanje v urjenju spomina.
Nekaj let nazaj sem se tekmovanja udeležil v vlogi
02:30
And I had goneizginil to coverkritje this contesttekmovanje a fewmalo yearslet back
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02:33
as a scienceznanost journalistnovinarka
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znanstvenega novinarja.
02:35
expectingpričakujejo, I guessugibati, that this was going to be
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Najbrž sem pričakoval, da bo tekmovanje podobno
02:37
like the SuperbowlSuperbowl of savantsučenjakov.
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super tekmovanju za nadpovprečno razvite.
02:40
This was a bunchkup of guys and a fewmalo ladiesgospe,
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Na tekmovanju je bilo kup moških in nekaj dam
02:44
widelyširoko varyingrazlične in bothoboje agestarost and hygienichigienskih upkeepvzdrževanje.
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različnih let in z različno razvitim čutom za higieno.
(Smeh)
02:48
(LaughterSmeh)
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02:51
They were memorizingpomnjenja hundredsstotine of randomnaključen numbersštevilke,
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Na pamet so se učili na stotine naključnih številk,
02:55
looking at them just onceenkrat.
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ki so jih pogledali le enkrat.
02:56
They were memorizingpomnjenja the namesimena of dozensdesetine and dozensdesetine and dozensdesetine of strangerstujci.
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Na pamet so se učili na ducate in ducate imen tujcev.
03:01
They were memorizingpomnjenja entirecelotno poemspesmi in just a fewmalo minutesminut.
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V nekaj minutah so se naučili besedila celotne pesmi.
03:04
They were competingtekmujejo to see who could memorizeZapomni si
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Tekmovali so v tem, kdo si zapomni
03:06
the orderred of a shuffledpremešajo packpakiranje of playingigranje cardskartice the fastestnajhitrejši.
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vrstni red premešanih igralnih kart najhitreje.
03:10
I was like, this is unbelievableneverjetno.
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Mislil sem si, da je to neverjetno,
03:12
These people mustmoraš be freaksfreaks of naturenarava.
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da so ti ljudje čudo narave.
03:15
And I startedzačel talkinggovoriti to a fewmalo of the competitorstekmovalci.
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Začel sem se pogovarjati s tekmovalci.
03:19
This is a guy calledpozval EdEd CookCook
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To je Ed Cook,
03:20
who had come over from EnglandAnglija
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ki prihaja iz Anglije,
03:22
where he had one of the bestnajboljši trainedusposobljeni memoriesspomini.
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kjer velja za človeka z najbolj izurjenim spominom.
03:24
And I said to him, "EdEd, when did you realizeuresničiti
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Vprašal sem ga: "Ed, kdaj si spoznal,
03:27
that you were a savantučenec?"
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da si nadpovprečno razvit?"
03:30
And EdEd was like, "I'm not a savantučenec.
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In Ed mi odgovori: "Saj nisem.
03:33
In factdejstvo, I have just an averagepovprečje memoryspomin.
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Pravzaprav imam čisto povprečen spomin."
03:35
EverybodyVsi who competestekmuje in this contesttekmovanje
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Vsi, ki se udeležijo tega tekmovanja, vam bodo rekli,
03:37
will tell you that they have just an averagepovprečje memoryspomin.
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da imajo le povprečen spomin.
03:40
We'veSmo all trainedusposobljeni ourselvessami
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Le izurili smo se,
03:42
to performopraviti these utterlypovsem miraculousčudežno featspodvige of memoryspomin
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da si zapomnimo nepredstavljive količine podatkov,
03:46
usinguporabo a setnastavite of ancientstarodavne techniquestehnike,
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s pomočjo starodavnih metod.
03:48
techniquestehnike inventedizumil 2,500 yearslet agonazaj in GreeceGrčija,
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Metod, ki so jih pred 2500 leti iznašli Grki.
Metode, ki je uporabljal sam Cicero,
03:52
the sameenako techniquestehnike that CiceroCicero had used
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03:55
to memorizeZapomni si his speechesgovori,
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da si je zapomnil svoje govore,
03:57
that medievalsrednjeveški scholarsŠtipendisti had used to memorizeZapomni si entirecelotno booksknjige."
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ki so jih srednjeveški učenjaki uporabljali,
da so si zapomnili celotno vsebino knjig.
04:01
And I was like, "WhoaVau. How come I never heardslišal of this before?"
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Vprašal sem se: "Hej, kako da nisem še nikoli slišal o tem?"
Stali smo pred tekmovalno dvorano
04:05
And we were standingstoji outsidezunaj the competitiontekmovanje halldvorana,
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04:08
and EdEd, who is a wonderfulČudovito, brilliantsijajno,
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in Ed, ki je čudovit, pameten,
a nekoliko ekscentričen anglež,
04:11
but somewhatnekoliko eccentricekscentrična Englishangleščina guy,
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04:14
sayspravi to me, "JoshJosh, you're an AmericanAmeriški journalistnovinarka.
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mi reče: "Josh, ti si ameriški novinar.
Ali poznaš Britney Spears?"
04:19
Do you know BritneyBritney SpearsBritney Spears?"
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In jaz: "Kaj? Ne. Zakaj?"
04:21
I'm like, "What? No. Why?"
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"Ker bi Britney Spears res rad naučil,
04:26
"Because I really want to teachučiti BritneyBritney SpearsBritney Spears
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kako si zapomniti vrstni red zmešanih igralnih kart
04:29
how to memorizeZapomni si the orderred of a shuffledpremešajo packpakiranje of playingigranje cardskartice
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04:31
on U.S. nationalnacionalno televisiontelevizija.
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na ameriški državni televiziji.
Tako bi svetu dokazal, da to lahko naredi vsak."
04:34
It will provedokazati to the worldsvet that anybodykdorkoli can do this."
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(Smeh)
04:37
(LaughterSmeh)
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Rekel sem: "No, jaz nisem Britney Spears,
04:41
I was like, "Well I'm not BritneyBritney SpearsBritney Spears,
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04:45
but maybe you could teachučiti me.
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ampak, lahko naučiš mene.
04:48
I mean, you've got to startZačni somewherenekje, right?"
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Nekje moreš začeti, kajne."
04:50
And that was the beginningzačetek of a very strangečudno journeypotovanje for me.
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Tako se je zame začelo zelo nenavadno potovanje.
Doberšen del naslednjega leta sem preživel tako,
04:54
I endedkončal up spendingporaba the better partdel of the nextNaslednji yearleto
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04:57
not only trainingusposabljanje my memoryspomin,
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da sem treniral svoj spomin, obenem pa sem ga tudi raziskoval.
04:59
but alsotudi investigatingpreiskuje it,
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Poskušal sem razumeti, kako deluje,
05:01
tryingposkušam to understandrazumeti how it worksdela,
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zakaj včasih ne deluje
05:03
why it sometimesvčasih doesn't work
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in kakšen bi lahko bil njegov potencial.
05:05
and what its potentialpotencial mightmorda be.
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Spoznal sem vrsto zanimivih ljudi.
05:07
I metsrečal a hostgostitelj of really interestingzanimivo people.
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To je E.P.
05:10
This is a guy calledpozval E.P.
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Trpi za amnezijo in je po vsej verjetnosti imel
05:11
He's an amnesicamnezijskega who had, very possiblymorda,
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05:14
the very worstnajhujše memoryspomin in the worldsvet.
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najslabši spomin na svetu.
Njegov spomin je bil tako slab,
05:17
His memoryspomin was so badslab
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05:18
that he didn't even rememberZapomni si he had a memoryspomin problemproblem,
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da si ni zapomnil niti tega, da ima težave s spominom.
05:21
whichki is amazingneverjetno.
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05:23
And he was this incrediblyneverjetno tragictragično figureštevilka,
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Bil je izredno tragičen primer, a dal mi je vpogled, v kolikšni meri
05:25
but he was a windowokno into the extentobseg
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05:27
to whichki our memoriesspomini make us who we are.
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nas naš spomin naredi to, kar smo.
Spoznal pa sem tudi tega človeka.
05:31
The other endkonec of the spectrumspekter: I metsrečal this guy.
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To je Kim Peek,
05:34
This is KimKim PeekPeek.
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05:35
He was the basisosnove for DustinDustin Hoffman'sHoffman je characterznak in the moviefilm "RainDež Man."
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na podlagi katerega je zasnovan lik Dustina Hoffmana v filmu Rain man.
Skupaj sva preživela en popoldan.
05:39
We spentpreživel an afternoonpopoldne togetherskupaj
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V knjižnici v Salt Lake Cityju sva se na pamet učila telefonske imenike.
05:41
in the SaltSol LakeLake CityMesto PublicJavnosti LibraryKnjižnica memorizingpomnjenja phonetelefon booksknjige,
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05:45
whichki was scintillatingiskriva.
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Kar je bilo vznemerjivo.
05:48
(LaughterSmeh)
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(Smeh)
05:51
And I wentšla back and I readpreberite a wholeceloto hostgostitelj of memoryspomin treatisesrazprav,
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Vrnil sem se in prebral kup razprav o spominu.
Razprav, ki so bile napisane pred 2000 in več leti.
05:55
treatisesrazprav writtennapisano 2,000-plus-plus yearslet agonazaj
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V latinščini, v antiki
05:58
in LatinLatinski in AntiquityAntike
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06:00
and then laterpozneje in the MiddleSrednji AgesStarosti.
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in potem pozneje v srednjem veku.
06:03
And I learnednaučili a wholeceloto bunchkup of really interestingzanimivo stuffstvari.
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Spoznal sem celo vrsto zelo zanimivih stvari.
06:05
One of the really interestingzanimivo things that I learnednaučili
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Ena izmed zelo zanimivih stvari je bila ta,
06:08
is that onceenkrat uponna a time,
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da v tistih časih
06:11
this ideaideja of havingimeti a trainedusposobljeni, disciplineddiscipliniran, cultivatedobdelana memoryspomin
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ideja o izurjenem, discipliniranem spominu,
še zdaleč ni bila tako tuja, kot se nam danes zdi.
06:17
was not nearlyskoraj so alientujec as it would seemzdi se to us to be todaydanes.
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06:22
OnceEnkrat uponna a time, people investedinvestirali in theirnjihovi memoriesspomini,
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Nekoč so ljudje invesitrali v svoj spomin,
v neutrudno nadgrajevanje svojega spomina.
06:26
in laboriouslytrudom furnishingStanovanjska theirnjihovi mindsmisli.
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Tekom zadnjih tisočletij
06:31
Over the last fewmalo milleniatisočletja
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smo iznašli vrsto tehnologij:
06:34
we'vesmo inventedizumil a seriesserije of technologiestehnologije --
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06:36
from the alphabetabeceda to the scrollpomaknite se
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od abecede do zvitka, do kodeksa, tiska, fotografije,
06:39
to the codexCodex, the printingtiskanje presspritisnite, photographyfotografija,
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06:41
the computerračunalnik, the smartphonesmartphone --
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računalnika, pametnega telefona,
06:43
that have madeizdelane it progressivelypostopoma easierlažje and easierlažje
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s katerimi smo vse lažje in lažje
06:46
for us to externalizedoločeno obliko our memoriesspomini,
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svoj spomin shranjevali zunaj naših glav,
06:49
for us to essentiallyv bistvu outsourceoddajajo
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da smo v osnovi začeli oddajati
06:51
this fundamentaltemeljno humančlovek capacityzmogljivost.
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to temeljno človeško sposobnost.
Te tehnologije so omogočile naš moderen svet,
06:54
These technologiestehnologije have madeizdelane our modernmoderno worldsvet possiblemogoče,
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06:58
but they'veoni so alsotudi changedspremenjeno us.
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obenem pa so nas spremenile.
07:00
They'veOni changedspremenjeno us culturallykulturno,
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Spremenile so našo kulturo
07:02
and I would arguetrdijo that they'veoni so changedspremenjeno us cognitivelykognitivno.
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in trdil bi, da so spremenile tudi naše kognitivne navade.
07:05
HavingOb little need to rememberZapomni si anymoreveč,
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Ker si nam ni več treba zapomniti toliko podatkov,
07:08
it sometimesvčasih seemsZdi se like we'vesmo forgottenpozabljen how.
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se včasih zdi, da smo tudi pozabili, kako.
07:11
One of the last placesmesta on EarthZemlja
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Eden izmed zadnjih krajev na Zemlji, kjer še najdemo ljudi, ki so še navdušeni nad idejo
07:13
where you still find people passionatestrasten about this ideaideja
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07:16
of a trainedusposobljeni, disciplineddiscipliniran, cultivatedobdelana memoryspomin
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o izurjenem, discipliniranem, kultiviranen spominu,
07:19
is at this totallypopolnoma singularedinstven memoryspomin contesttekmovanje.
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je na tem edinem tekmovanju iz spomina.
Pravzaprav zdaj ni več edino, saj se tekmovanja sedaj prirejajo po vsem svetu.
07:22
It's actuallydejansko not that singularedinstven,
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07:23
there are conteststekmovanja heldpotekala all over the worldsvet.
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07:25
And I was fascinatedfasciniran, I wanted to know how do these guys do it.
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Bil sem fasciniran. Želel sem vedeti, kako jim uspe.
Nekaj let nazaj je skupina raziskovalcev na univerzi v Londonu
07:29
A fewmalo yearslet back a groupskupina of researchersraziskovalci at UniversityUniverza CollegeKolegij LondonLondon
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v laboratorj pripeljala skupino prvakov v urjenju spomina.
07:34
broughtprinesel a bunchkup of memoryspomin championsprvaki into the lablaboratorij.
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07:37
They wanted to know:
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Želeli so ugotoviti, ali se njihovi možgani
07:38
Do these guys have brainsmožgani
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07:40
that are somehownekako structurallystrukturno, anatomicallyanatomsko differentdrugačen from the restpočitek of oursnaša?
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po zgradbi in obliki razlikujejo od drugih.
07:44
The answerodgovor was no.
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Ugotovili so, da se ne.
Ali so pametnejši od drugih?
07:47
Are they smarterpametnejši than the restpočitek of us?
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07:50
They gavedala them a bunchkup of cognitivekognitivno teststeste,
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Rešiti so morali kup kognitivnih testov
07:52
and the answerodgovor was not really.
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in prišli so do sklepa, da niti niso.
07:54
There was howeverVendar one really interestingzanimivo and tellingpovedal differenceRazlika
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Ugotovili pa so eno zelo zanimivo razliko
med možgani prvakov v urjejenju spomina
07:58
betweenmed the brainsmožgani of the memoryspomin championsprvaki
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08:00
and the controlnadzor subjectspredmetov that they were comparingprimerjava them to.
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in možgani oseb, s katerimi so jih primerjali.
08:02
When they put these guys in an fMRIfMRI machinestroj,
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Ko so na teh osebah opravili magnetno resonanco
08:05
scannedskenirane theirnjihovi brainsmožgani
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in jim skenirali možgane,
08:07
while they were memorizingpomnjenja numbersštevilke and people'sljudje facesobrazi and picturesslike of snowflakesSnežinke,
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medtem ko so se na pamet učili številke, obraze in slike snežink,
08:12
they foundnajdemo that the memoryspomin championsprvaki
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so odkrili, da so prvaki v urejnju spomina
08:14
were lightingrazsvetljava up differentdrugačen partsdeli of the brainmožganov
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aktivirali druge predele možganov kot ostali.
08:17
than everyonevsi elsedrugače.
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2011
08:19
Of noteOpomba, they were usinguporabo, or they seemedzdelo se mi je to be usinguporabo,
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Uporabljali so, oziroma, zdelo se je, da uporabljajo
08:22
a partdel of the brainmožganov that's involvedvključeni in spatialprostorsko memoryspomin and navigationnavigacijo.
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predel možganov, s katerim zaznavamo prostor in ga uporabljamo pri navigaciji.
08:26
Why? And is there something the restpočitek of us can learnučiti se from this?
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Zakaj? Ali se iz tega ostali kaj naučimo?
08:32
The sportšport of competitivekonkurenčno memorizingpomnjenja
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Tekmovalno urjenje spomina
je nekakšna tekma ena na ena.
08:37
is drivenpogon by a kindvrste of armsroke racedirka
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Kjer vsako leto nekdo
08:39
where everyvsak yearleto somebodynekdo comesprihaja up
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najde nov način, kako si še hitreje zapomniš še več stvari,
08:43
with a newnovo way to rememberZapomni si more stuffstvari more quicklyhitro,
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08:45
and then the restpočitek of the fieldpolje has to playigraj catchupKečap.
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drugi pa ga morajo potem dohiteti.
08:47
This is my friendprijatelj BenBen PridmorePridmore,
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To je moj prijatelj Ben Pridmore.
08:49
three-timetri-čas worldsvet memoryspomin championprvak.
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Trikratni prvak v urjenju spomina.
08:51
On his deskmiza in frontspredaj of him
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Na mizi pred njim je 36 premešanih kupov kart,
08:52
are 36 shuffledpremešajo packspaketi of playingigranje cardskartice
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ki si jih skuša zapomniti v eni uri,
08:56
that he is about to try to memorizeZapomni si in one houruro,
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08:59
usinguporabo a techniquetehnika that he inventedizumil and he alonesam has masteredobvlada.
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z uporabo metode, ki jo je sam iznašel in v kateri se je sam izuril.
09:03
He used a similarpodobno techniquetehnika
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1911
Podobno metodo je uporabil,
09:05
to memorizeZapomni si the precisenatančno orderred
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da si je zapomnil zaporedje 4,140 naključnih binarnih vrednosti
09:08
of 4,140 randomnaključen binarybinarni digitsštevk
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v pol ure.
09:13
in halfpol an houruro.
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09:16
Yeah.
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1931
Ja.
09:18
And while there are a wholeceloto hostgostitelj of waysnačinov
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In čeprav obstaja množica načinov,
kako si zapomniti stvari na teh tekmovanjih,
09:22
of rememberingspominjanje stuffstvari in these competitionstekmovanja,
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lahko vse tehnike, ki se uporabljajo, razložimo z enim samim konceptom,
09:25
everything, all of the techniquestehnike that are beingbiti used,
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09:28
ultimatelykončno come down to a conceptkoncept
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09:31
that psychologistspsihologi referglej to as elaborativeelaborative encodingkodiranje.
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ki ga psihologi imenujejo elaborativno kodiranje.
Ta proces dobro prikazuje eleganten paradoks,
09:35
And it's well illustratedprikazano by a niftyEleganten paradoxparadoks
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09:37
knownznano as the BakerBaker/bakerpekar paradoxparadoks,
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poznan kot Pek/pek paradoks, ki gre takole:
09:39
whichki goesgre like this:
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09:41
If I tell two people to rememberZapomni si the sameenako wordbeseda,
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Če dvema osebama rečem, naj si zapomnita isto besedo,
če vam rečem:
09:44
if I say to you,
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1567
09:45
"RememberNe pozabite that there is a guy namedimenovan BakerBaker."
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3627
"Zapomnite si, da obstaja človek, ki mu je ime Pek."
Tako mu je ime.
09:49
That's his nameime.
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1506
09:50
And I say to you, "RememberNe pozabite that there is a guy who is a bakerpekar."
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Vam pa rečem: "Zapomnite, da obstaja človek, ki je pek."
Čez nekaj časa se vrnem k vam in vas vprašam: "Se spomnite tiste besede,
09:56
And I come back to you at some pointtočka laterpozneje on,
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3242
09:59
and I say, "Do you rememberZapomni si that wordbeseda
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ki sem vam jo povedal pred nekaj časa? Se spomnite, katera je bila?"
10:03
that I told you a while back?
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1377
10:04
Do you rememberZapomni si what it was?"
195
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1798
10:06
The personoseba who was told his nameime is BakerBaker
196
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Verjetnost, da si bo oseba, ki sem ji rekel, da je bilo človeku ime Pek,
10:09
is lessmanj likelyverjetno to rememberZapomni si the sameenako wordbeseda
197
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2319
zapomnila enako besedo, kot oseba, ki sem ji rekel, da je oseba po poklicu pek, je manjša.
10:11
than the personoseba was told his jobdelo is that he is a bakerpekar.
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10:15
SameIsti wordbeseda, differentdrugačen amountznesek of rememberingspominjanje; that's weirdčudno.
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Enaka beseda, drugačna količina podatkov, ki se jih je treba zapomniti. To je čudno.
10:18
What's going on here?
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602791
1977
Kaj se dogaja?
10:20
Well the nameime BakerBaker doesn't actuallydejansko mean anything to you.
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Ime Pek vam pravzaprav ne pomeni nič.
10:25
It is entirelypopolnoma untetheredneprivezane
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Pomolnoma je ločena
od ostalih spominov, ki plavajo v vaših glavah.
10:27
from all of the other memoriesspomini floatingplavajoče around in your skulllobanja.
203
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3238
10:31
But the commonpogosti nounvejica bakerpekar,
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1890
Samostalnik pek pa ...
10:33
we know bakerspeki.
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1871
Vsi poznamo peke.
10:34
BakersPeki wearobrabo funnysmešno whitebela hatsklobuki.
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2029
Peki nosijo smešne bele kape. Peki imajo roke vse od moke.
10:37
BakersPeki have flourmoka on theirnjihovi handsroke.
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1627
10:38
BakersPeki smellvonj good when they come home from work.
208
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2075
Peki dobro dišijo, ko pridejo iz službe. Mogoče celo poznamo nekoga, ki je pek.
10:40
Maybe we even know a bakerpekar.
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2127
10:42
And when we first hearslišite that wordbeseda,
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In ko prvič slišimo to besedo, začnemo "obešati" te asociacije na to besedo
10:44
we startZačni puttingdajanje these associationalasociacijske hookskljuke into it
211
628363
2845
10:47
that make it easierlažje to fishribe it back out at some laterpozneje datedatum.
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in tako si jo čez nekaj časa lažje prikličemo nazaj v spomin.
10:51
The entirecelotno artumetnost of what is going on
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2958
Vsa umetnost tega, kar se dogaja na teh tekmovanijh v spominu,
10:54
in these memoryspomin conteststekmovanja
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2115
10:56
and the entirecelotno artumetnost of rememberingspominjanje stuffstvari better in everydayvsak dan life
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in vsa umetnost tega, da si stvari bolje zapomnimo v vsakdanjem življenju
10:59
is figuringfiguring out waysnačinov to transformpreoblikovati capitalkapital B BakersPeki
216
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3986
je, da najdemo načine, kako veliko črko v "Peku"
11:03
into lower-casemale B bakerspeki --
217
647565
1996
spremenimo v malo črko.
11:05
to take informationinformacije that is lackingpomanjkanje in contextkontekst,
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3387
Da vzamemo informacije, ki jim primanjkuje konteksta,
11:08
in significancepomembnost, in meaningpomen
219
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2306
pomembnosti, pomena
in jih spremenimo na način,
11:11
and transformpreoblikovati it in some way
220
655254
1550
11:12
so that it becomespostane meaningfulsmiselno
221
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2175
da dobijo pomen,
11:14
in the lightsvetloba of all the other things that you have in your mindum.
222
658979
4785
v primerjavi z vsemi ostalimi stvarmi v naših glavah.
11:19
One of the more elaborateizdelati techniquestehnike for doing this
223
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3734
Ena izmed bolj izpopolnjenjih tehnik, da to dosežemo,
11:23
datesdatumi back 2,500 yearslet to AncientStarodavne GreeceGrčija.
224
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3919
sega 2500 let nazaj, v obdobje antične Grčije.
Imenovali so jo palača spomina.
11:27
It cameprišel to be knownznano as the memoryspomin palacePalace.
225
671417
1978
Zgodba o njenem nastanku gre takole:
11:29
The storyzgodba behindzadaj its creationustvarjanje goesgre like this:
226
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3425
Živel je pesnik po imenu Simonides,
11:32
There was a poetpesnik calledpozval SimonidesSimonides
227
676820
2972
11:35
who was attendingprisotnost a banquetbanket.
228
679792
1906
ki se je udeležil banketa.
11:37
He was actuallydejansko the hirednajel entertainmentzabava,
229
681698
2248
Pravzaprav je bil najet, da je skrbel za vzdušje.
11:39
because back then if you wanted to throwmetati a really slammingSlamming partyzabava,
230
683946
3012
V tistih časih je namreč nekdo, ki je želel prirediti res hudo zabavo,
11:42
you didn't hirenajem a D.J., you hirednajel a poetpesnik.
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3212
namesto DJ-ja najel pesnika.
11:46
And he standsstojala up, deliversprinaša his poempesem from memoryspomin, walkssprehodi out the doorvrata,
232
690170
4870
On vstane, zrecitira na pamet svojo pesem, in odide ven.
11:50
and at the momenttrenutek he does, the banquetbanket halldvorana collapsespropade,
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5112
V tistem trenutku se dvorana poruši
in pokoplje vse pod sabo.
11:56
killsubija everybodyvsi insideznotraj.
234
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2681
11:58
It doesn't just killubiti everybodyvsi,
235
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2565
Ne samo, da vse pobije,
temveč trupla tako iznakazi, da jih ni moč več prepoznati.
12:01
it manglesmangles the bodiestelesa beyondnaprej all recognitionpriznanje.
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NIhče ne more reči, kdo je bil notri.
12:05
NobodyNihče ne can say who was insideznotraj,
237
709262
2321
12:07
nobodynihče can say where they were sittingsedi.
238
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3171
Nihče ne more reči, kje so sedeli.
12:10
The bodiestelesa can't be properlypravilno buriedpokopan.
239
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2239
Trupla ni moč pokopati, kot se spodobi.
12:12
It's one tragedytragedija compoundingmešanju anotherdrugo.
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3843
Nesrečam ni konca.
12:16
SimonidesSimonides, standingstoji outsidezunaj,
241
720836
2704
Simonides, ki stoji zunaj,
12:19
the soleedini survivordružinske amidsredi the wreckagerazbitin,
242
723540
2131
edini preživeli med ruševinami,
12:21
closesse zapre his eyesoči and has this realizationrealizacija,
243
725671
3636
zapre oči in doživi spoznanje,
to, da lahko v svojih mislih
12:25
whichki is that in his mind'sum je eyeoči,
244
729307
2538
12:27
he can see where eachvsak of the guestsgostov at the banquetbanket had been sittingsedi.
245
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5145
vidi, kje je sedel vsak posamezni gost na zabavi.
Sorodnike prime za roko
12:32
And he takes the relativessorodniki by the handroka
246
736990
2343
12:35
and guidesvodniki them eachvsak to theirnjihovi lovedLjubil sem onestiste amidsredi the wreckagerazbitin.
247
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4058
in jih odvede do njihovih ljubljenih med ruševinami.
12:39
What SimonidesSimonides figuredfigured out at that momenttrenutek
248
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3264
Simonides je v tistem trenutko spoznal
12:42
is something that I think we all kindvrste of intuitivelyintuitivno know,
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3433
nekaj, kar vsi na nek intuitivni način vemo,
da čeprav si še tako slabo
12:45
whichki is that, as badslab as we are
250
750088
2412
12:48
at rememberingspominjanje namesimena and phonetelefon numbersštevilke
251
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2894
zapomnimo imena in telefonske številke,
12:51
and word-for-worddobesedno instructionsnavodila from our colleagueskolegi,
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2658
in navodila naših sodelavcev,
12:53
we have really exceptionalizjemno visualvizualno and spatialprostorsko memoriesspomini.
253
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imamo zares izjemen vizualen in prostorski spomin.
Če bi vas prosil, da ponovite prvih 10 besed
12:59
If I askedvprašal you to recountpripovedujejo the first 10 wordsbesede
254
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3596
zgodbe o Simonidesu, ki sem vam jo ravnokar povedal,
13:03
of the storyzgodba that I just told you about SimonidesSimonides,
255
767138
2464
13:05
chancesmožnosti are you would have a toughtežko time with it.
256
769602
2488
bi imeli gotovo s tem težave.
13:07
But I would wagerstave
257
772090
2314
Ampak stavil bi, da če bi vas prosil, da se spomnite,
13:10
that if I askedvprašal you to recallodpoklic
258
774404
2683
13:12
who is sittingsedi on topna vrh of a talkinggovoriti tanTan horsekonj
259
777087
4556
kdo sedi na govorečem svetlo rjavem konju
v vaši veži ravno v tem trenutku,
13:17
in your foyerFoyer right now,
260
781643
1998
13:19
you would be ablesposoben to see that.
261
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2325
bi vam to uspelo.
13:21
The ideaideja behindzadaj the memoryspomin palacePalace
262
785966
2530
Pri palači spomina gre za to,
13:24
is to createustvarite this imaginedzamišljen edificezgradba in your mind'sum je eyeoči
263
788496
4633
da si v svojih mislih ustvarimo domišljisko stavbo
in vanjo naselimo podobe,
13:29
and populatezapolnijo it with imagesslike
264
793129
1746
13:30
of the things that you want to rememberZapomni si --
265
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2208
stvari, ki si jih želimo zapomniti.
13:32
the crazierbolj norem, weirderbolj čudne, more bizarrebizarno,
266
797083
3329
Bolj kot je podoba nora, čudaška, bizarna,
smešna, spotakljiva, neokusna,
13:36
funnierzabavno, raunchierraunchier, stinkierstinkier the imagesliko is,
267
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3600
večja je vrjetnost, da je ne boste pozabili.
13:39
the more unforgettablenepozabne it's likelyverjetno to be.
268
804012
2875
13:42
This is advicenasvet that goesgre back 2,000-plus-plus yearslet
269
806887
2834
To je nasvet, ki sega več kot 2000 let nazaj, k prvim latinskim razpravam o spominu.
13:45
to the earliestnajzgodnejši LatinLatinski memoryspomin treatisesrazprav.
270
809721
2785
13:48
So how does this work?
271
812506
1829
Kako torej to deluje?
13:50
Let's say that you've been invitedpovabljeni
272
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2540
Recimo, da ste bili povabljeni,
13:52
to TEDTED centercenter stagestopnja to give a speechgovor
273
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3806
da predavate na TED-ovi konferenci
13:56
and you want to do it from memoryspomin,
274
820681
2534
in govor želite podati na pamet.
13:59
and you want to do it the way that CiceroCicero would have doneKončano it
275
823215
5045
Želite ga podati tako, kot bi ga Cicero,
če ga bi povabili na TEDxRim 2000 let nazaj.
14:04
if he had been invitedpovabljeni to TEDxRomeTEDxRome 2,000 yearslet agonazaj.
276
828260
4659
14:08
What you mightmorda do
277
832919
2258
Mogoče bi si predstavljali,
14:11
is pictureslika yourselfsami at the frontspredaj doorvrata of your househiša.
278
835177
5219
da stojite pred pragom vaše hiše
14:16
And you'dTi bi come up with some sortRazvrsti
279
840396
2042
in bi si izmislili neko popolnoma noro, trapasto, nepozabno podobo,
14:18
of an absolutelyabsolutno crazynoro, ridiculoussmešno, unforgettablenepozabne imagesliko
280
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3508
14:21
to remindopomni you that the first thing you want to talk about
281
845946
2983
da bi si zapomnili, da je prva stvar, ki jo želite omeniti,
14:24
is this totallypopolnoma bizarrebizarno contesttekmovanje.
282
848929
2792
to popolnoma bizarno tekmovanje.
14:27
And then you'dTi bi go insideznotraj your househiša,
283
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2833
Potem bi vstopili v hišo in bi zagledali podobo Muppetka Cookija
14:30
and you would see an imagesliko of CookiePiškotek MonsterPošast
284
854554
2852
14:33
on topna vrh of MisterMister EdEd.
285
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1887
na vrhu gospoda Eda.
14:35
And that would remindopomni you
286
859293
1269
To bi vas spomnilo, da želite predstaviti vašega prijatelja Eda Cooka.
14:36
that you would want to then introduceuvesti your friendprijatelj EdEd CookCook.
287
860562
3174
14:39
And then you'dTi bi see an imagesliko of BritneyBritney SpearsBritney Spears
288
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2664
Potem bi zagledali podobo Britney Spears, kar bi vas spomnilo na anekdoto, ki jo želite povedati.
14:42
to remindopomni you of this funnysmešno anecdoteanekdota you want to tell.
289
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2812
Potem bi šli v kuhinjo in četrta tema, o kateri ste želeli govoriti,
14:45
And you go into your kitchenkuhinja,
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869212
1672
14:46
and the fourthčetrti topictemo you were going to talk about
291
870884
1845
14:48
was this strangečudno journeypotovanje that you wentšla on for a yearleto,
292
872729
2938
je bilo to nenavadno enoletno potovanje
in imeli bi nekaj prijateljev, ki bi vam pomagali pri obujanju spomina.
14:51
and you have some friendsprijatelji to help you rememberZapomni si that.
293
875667
4964
14:56
This is how RomanRoman oratorsgovornik memorizedna pamet theirnjihovi speechesgovori --
294
880631
4219
Tako so se rimski govorci učili svojih govorov.
15:00
not word-for-worddobesedno, whichki is just going to screwvijak you up,
295
884850
3394
Ne besedo za besedo, kar vas bo samo zmedlo,
ampak temo za temo.
15:04
but topic-for-topicTema za temo.
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888244
2412
Pravzaprav izraz "topic sentence" (tema)
15:06
In factdejstvo, the phrasefraza "topictemo sentencestavek,"
297
890656
2907
15:09
that comesprihaja from the Greekgrščina wordbeseda "topostopos,"
298
893563
3300
izhaja iz grške besede "topos",
15:12
whichki meanssredstva "placemesto."
299
896863
1720
kar pomeni "kraj".
15:14
That's a vestigevestige
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898583
1567
To je zapuščina iz dni, ko so ljudje o govorništvu in retoriki razmišljali z vidika prostorskih pojmov.
15:16
of when people used to think about oratoryoratorij and rhetoricretorika
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900150
2320
15:18
in these sortsvrste of spatialprostorsko termspogoji.
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902470
2238
15:20
The phrasefraza "in the first placemesto,"
303
904708
1937
Fraza "na prvem mestu" je kot da bi rekel "na prvem mestu naše palače spomina".
15:22
that's like in the first placemesto of your memoryspomin palacePalace.
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906645
3423
To se mi je zdelo naravnost fascinantno in sem popolnoma padel notri.
15:25
I thought this was just fascinatingfascinantno,
305
910068
1980
15:27
and I got really into it.
306
912048
1900
15:29
And I wentšla to a fewmalo more of these memoryspomin conteststekmovanja.
307
913948
2748
Udeležil sem se še nekaj tovrstnih tekmovanj in prišel sem na idejo, da bi napisal kaj daljšega
15:32
And I had this notionpojma that I mightmorda writepiši something longerdlje
308
916696
2561
15:35
about this subculturesubkulture of competitivekonkurenčno memorizersmemorizers.
309
919257
3293
o tej subkulturi tekmovanj v urjenju spomina.
15:38
But there was a problemproblem.
310
922550
2027
Obstajal pa je problem.
15:40
The problemproblem was that a memoryspomin contesttekmovanje
311
924577
2748
Težava je bila v tem, da je tekmovanje v urjenju spomina
15:43
is a pathologicallypatološko boringdolgočasno eventdogodek.
312
927325
3729
patološko dolgočasen dogodek.
15:46
(LaughterSmeh)
313
931054
2606
(Smeh)
V bistvu je kot da bi gledal kup ljudi med pisanjem mature.
15:49
TrulyResnično, it is like a bunchkup of people sittingsedi around takingjemanje the SATsSATs.
314
933660
4550
Najbolj napeto postane takrat, ko si nekdo začne masirati senca.
15:54
I mean, the mostnajbolj dramaticdramatično it getsdobi
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938210
1694
15:55
is when somebodynekdo startsse začne massagingmasažo theirnjihovi templestemplji.
316
939904
1379
15:57
And I'm a journalistnovinarka, I need something to writepiši about.
317
941283
3038
Jaz pa sem novinar, rabim nekaj, o čemer lahko pišem.
Vem, da se v glavah tekmovalcev dogajajo neverjetna stvari,
16:00
I know that there's this incredibleneverjetno stuffstvari happeningdogaja in these people'sljudje mindsmisli,
318
944321
3777
a do tega nimam dostopa.
16:03
but I don't have accessdostop to it.
319
948098
2100
Spoznal sem, da moram, če želim povedati to zgodbo,
16:06
And I realizedrealiziran, if I was going to tell this storyzgodba,
320
950198
2719
16:08
I neededpotrebno to walkhodi in theirnjihovi shoesčevlji a little bitbit.
321
952917
2750
nekaj časa preživeti v njihovi koži.
16:11
And so I startedzačel tryingposkušam to spendporabiti 15 or 20 minutesminut
322
955667
3581
Tako sem vsako jutro poskusil nameniti 15 do 20 minut,
16:15
everyvsak morningjutro before I satsedel down with my NewNove YorkYork TimesKrat
323
959248
2835
preden sem v roke prijel časopis,
16:17
just tryingposkušam to rememberZapomni si something.
324
962083
2521
temu, da sem si nekaj zapomnil.
16:20
Maybe it was a poempesem.
325
964604
1669
Mogoče je bila to pesem.
16:22
Maybe it was namesimena from an oldstar yearbookLetopis
326
966273
2039
Mogoče so bila to imena iz starega šolskega almanaha,
16:24
that I boughtkupil at a fleabolha markettrg.
327
968312
2259
ki sem ga kupil na boljšaku.
16:26
And I foundnajdemo that this was shockinglypretresljivo funzabavno.
328
970571
5496
Spoznal sem, da je začuda zabavno.
Tega ne bi nikoli pričakoval.
16:31
I never would have expectedpričakovano that.
329
976067
2078
Bilo je zabavno, ker v bistvu ni šlo za urjenje spomina.
16:34
It was funzabavno because this is actuallydejansko not about trainingusposabljanje your memoryspomin.
330
978145
3363
16:37
What you're doing is you're tryingposkušam to get better and better and better
331
981508
3038
Postati poskušaš vedno boljši in boljši
16:40
at creatingustvarjanje, at dreamingsanje up,
332
984546
2429
pri ustvarjanju, izmišljanju teh naravnost nesmiselnih, spotakljivih, smešnih
16:42
these utterlypovsem ludicroussmešno, raunchyraunchy, hilarioussmešno
333
986975
2894
in upam da nepozabnih podob v svojih mislih.
16:45
and hopefullyupajmo unforgettablenepozabne imagesslike in your mind'sum je eyeoči.
334
989869
4125
16:49
And I got prettylepa into it.
335
993994
1583
Stvar me je res pritegnila.
16:51
This is me wearingnošenje my standardstandard competitivekonkurenčno memorizer'sosebe memorizer trainingusposabljanje kitkomplet.
336
995577
6657
To sem jaz, na glavi pa imam standardno napravo za tekmovalno urjenje spomina.
16:58
It's a pairpar of earmuffsNaušniki
337
1002234
1966
Glušnike
17:00
and a setnastavite of safetyvarnost gogglesočala that have been maskedprikriti over
338
1004200
3409
in varnostna očala, ki sem jih popolnoma zatemnil, pustil sem le dve majhni odprtini,
17:03
exceptrazen for two smallmajhna pinholespinholes,
339
1007609
2673
17:06
because distractionodvračanje is the competitivekonkurenčno memorizer'sosebe memorizer greatestnajvečji enemysovražnik.
340
1010282
5326
saj je dekoncentracija najhujši sovražnik tekmovalca v urjenju spomina.
17:11
I endedkončal up comingprihajajo back to that sameenako contesttekmovanje that I had coveredpokrita a yearleto earlierprej.
341
1015608
5767
Vrnil sem se na isto tekmovanje, s katerega sem leto prej poročal.
17:17
And I had this notionpojma that I mightmorda entervnesite it,
342
1021375
2106
Zamislil sem si, da bi se ga udeležil.
Bil bi nekakšen poskus participativnega novinarstva.
17:19
sortRazvrsti of as an experimentposkus in participatoryparticipativni journalismnovinarstvo.
343
1023481
3302
17:22
It'dTo bi make, I thought, maybe a nicelepo epilogueEpilog to all my researchraziskave.
344
1026783
4521
Mislil sem si, da bi bil to posrečen epilog mojim raziskavam.
Težava je bila v tem, da je šel poskus čez vse meje.
17:27
ProblemProblem was the experimentposkus wentšla haywireneredu.
345
1031304
3738
Na tekmovanju sem zmagal,
17:30
I wonzmagal the contesttekmovanje,
346
1035042
2737
česar nisem načrtoval.
17:33
whichki really wasn'tni bilo supposeddomnevno to happense zgodi.
347
1037779
3103
(Aplavz)
17:36
(ApplauseAplavz)
348
1040882
5849
Lepo je,
17:42
Now it is nicelepo
349
1046731
1705
da si lahko zapomniš govore
17:44
to be ablesposoben to memorizeZapomni si speechesgovori
350
1048436
2827
in telefonske številke in nakupovalne sezname,
17:47
and phonetelefon numbersštevilke and shoppingnakupovanje listsseznami,
351
1051263
3094
17:50
but it's actuallydejansko kindvrste of besidepoleg the pointtočka.
352
1054357
2776
a smisel ni v tem.
To so le triki.
17:53
These are just trickstriki.
353
1057133
2198
Triki, ki delujejo,
17:55
They are trickstriki that work
354
1059331
2002
ker temeljijo na bolj ali manj osnovnih principih
17:57
because they're basedtemelji on some prettylepa basicosnovno principlesnačela
355
1061333
3183
18:00
about how our brainsmožgani work.
356
1064516
1776
delovanja naših možganov.
18:02
And you don't have to be buildingstavbe memoryspomin palacespalače
357
1066292
3952
Ni vam potrebno graditi palač spomina,
18:06
or memorizingpomnjenja packspaketi of playingigranje cardskartice
358
1070244
2006
ali si zapomniti kupov kart, da potegnemo nekaj zase iz vpogleda v
18:08
to benefitkoristi from a little bitbit of insightvpogled
359
1072250
2013
18:10
about how your mindum worksdela.
360
1074263
2644
delovanje naših možganov.
18:12
We oftenpogosto talk about people with great memoriesspomini
361
1076907
1793
O ljudeh z odličnim spominom pogosto govorimo, kot da jim je bil položen v zibelko,
18:14
as thoughčeprav it were some sortRazvrsti of an innateprirojena giftdarilo,
362
1078700
2300
18:16
but that is not the caseprimera.
363
1081000
1890
a to ne drži.
18:18
Great memoriesspomini are learnednaučili.
364
1082890
3768
Odličen spomin se pridobi.
Na najbolj osnovni stopnji, zapomnimo si takrat, ko smo pozorni.
18:22
At the mostnajbolj basicosnovno levelravni, we rememberZapomni si when we payplačati attentionpozornost.
365
1086658
3469
18:26
We rememberZapomni si when we are deeplygloboko engagedangažiran.
366
1090127
3206
Zapomnimo si, ko se z nečim intenzivno ukvarjamo.
18:29
We rememberZapomni si when we are ablesposoben
367
1093333
1521
Zapomnimo si takrat, ko smo zmožni vzeti informacijo ali izkušnjo
18:30
to take a piecekos of informationinformacije and experienceizkušnje
368
1094854
2771
18:33
and figureštevilka out why it is meaningfulsmiselno to us,
369
1097625
2106
in ugotoviti, zakaj je za nas pomembna. Zakaj je bistvena, zakaj je barvna.
18:35
why it is significantpomembno, why it's colorfulbarvita,
370
1099731
2423
Ko smo jo sposobni preoblikovati na način, da ima smisel
18:38
when we're ablesposoben to transformpreoblikovati it in some way
371
1102169
2929
18:40
that it makesnaredi sensesmisel
372
1105098
1494
18:42
in the lightsvetloba of all of the other things floatingplavajoče around in our mindsmisli,
373
1106592
2227
v primerjavi z vsemi ostalimi stvarmi v naši glavi,
18:44
when we're ablesposoben to transformpreoblikovati BakersPeki into bakerspeki.
374
1108819
5260
ko smo zmožni preoblikovati Peke v peke.
18:49
The memoryspomin palacePalace, these memoryspomin techniquestehnike,
375
1114079
2426
Palača spomina, te miselne tehnike, so le bližnjice.
18:52
they're just shortcutsbližnjice.
376
1116505
1870
18:54
In factdejstvo, they're not even really shortcutsbližnjice.
377
1118375
2565
Pravzaprav v resnici niso bližnjice. Delujejo zato, ker vas pripravijo, da delujete.
18:56
They work because they make you work.
378
1120940
3403
Spodbujajo nenkakšno poglobljeno procesiranje,
19:00
They forcesila a kindvrste of depthglobino of processingobravnavati,
379
1124343
3940
nekakšen tok misli, ki ga večina ponavadi ne prakticira.
19:04
a kindvrste of mindfulnesspozornost,
380
1128283
1521
19:05
that mostnajbolj of us don't normallyobičajno walkhodi around exercisinguveljavljajo.
381
1129804
4228
19:09
But there actuallydejansko are no shortcutsbližnjice.
382
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2562
V resnici to niso bližnjice.
19:12
This is how stuffstvari is madeizdelane memorablenepozabno.
383
1136594
2856
Na ta način stvari postanejo nepozabne.
Če izpostavim eno stvar, ki jo danes želim deliti z vami,
19:15
And I think if there's one thing that I want to leavedopust you with,
384
1139450
4143
19:19
it's what E.P.,
385
1143593
2734
je to tisto, kar je E.P.,
ki trpi za amnezijo in se ne spominja niti tega, da ima težave s spominom, zapustil meni.
19:22
the amnesicamnezijskega who couldn'tni mogel even rememberZapomni si that he had a memoryspomin problemproblem,
386
1146327
3798
19:26
left me with,
387
1150125
1490
19:27
whichki is the notionpojma
388
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2098
Zavedanje,
19:29
that our livesživi are the sumvsota of our memoriesspomini.
389
1153713
5037
da je naše življenje skupek naših spominov.
19:34
How much are we willingpripravljen to loseizgubi
390
1158750
5833
Koliko smo pripravljeni izgubiti
19:40
from our alreadyže shortkratek livesživi
391
1164583
3667
v naših, že tako kratkih, življenjih,
19:44
by losingizgublja ourselvessami in our BlackberriesRobide, our iPhonesiPhones,
392
1168250
6960
s tem, da se izgubljamo v naših blackberryjih, i-phonih,
s tem, da ne posvečamo pozornosti ljudem okoli nas, ki se z nami pogovarjajo,
19:51
by not payingplačilo attentionpozornost to the humančlovek beingbiti acrossčez from us
393
1175210
3798
19:54
who is talkinggovoriti with us,
394
1179008
1575
s tem, da smo tako leni, da se nam ne da poglobljeno procesirati?
19:56
by beingbiti so lazyleni that we're not willingpripravljen
395
1180583
2071
19:58
to processproces deeplygloboko?
396
1182654
3690
Iz prve roke sem se naučil,
20:02
I learnednaučili firsthandiz prve roke
397
1186344
2444
20:04
that there are incredibleneverjetno memoryspomin capacitieszmogljivosti
398
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3397
da so neverjetne miselne sposobnosti
20:08
latentlatenten in all of us.
399
1192185
2003
skrite prav v vsakem izmed nas.
20:10
But if you want to livev živo a memorablenepozabno life,
400
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3397
A če želimo živeti nepozabno življenje,
20:13
you have to be the kindvrste of personoseba
401
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2386
moramo biti oseba,
20:15
who remembersspomni to rememberZapomni si.
402
1199971
2966
ki si zapomni, da si zapomni.
20:18
Thank you.
403
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1769
Hvala.
20:20
(ApplauseAplavz)
404
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3090
Translated by Anteja Jež
Reviewed by Irma Sutlic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joshua Foer - Writer
Joshua Foer is a science writer who 'accidentally' won the U.S. Memory Championship.

Why you should listen

In 2005 science writer Joshua Foer went to cover the U.S. Memory Championship. A year later he was back -- as contestant. A year of mental training with Europe's top memorizer turned into a book, Moonwalking with Einstein, which is both a chronicle of his immersion in the memory culture and wonderfully accessible and informative introduction to the science of memory. Much more surprisingly, that year of training also turned into a first-place victory at the national competition in New York and the chance to represent the U.S. at the World Memory Championship. Foer's writing has appeared in National Geographic, Slate, the New York Times, and other publications. He is the co-founder of the Atlas Obscura, an online guide to the world’s wonders and curiosities, and is also the co-founder of the design competition Sukkah City.

More profile about the speaker
Joshua Foer | Speaker | TED.com