TEDSummit
Laura Boushnak: The deadly legacy of cluster bombs
Laura Bušnak (Laura Boushnak): Smrtonosna zaostavština kasetnih bombi
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Razaranje rata ne prestaje kada prestane borba. Tokom sukoba od 34 dana između Izraela i Hezbolaha u 2006, procenjuje se da je bačeno četiri miliona komada kasetne municije u Libanu, koja nije birala svoje žrtve. Opasnost ostaje, pošto mnoge od bombi nisu eksplodirale i stoje neaktivirane, čekajući da osakate ili ubiju svakog ko na njih naiđe. U ovom govoru, fotografkinja i članica TED Fellows programa, Laura Bušnak, deli jezive slike preživelih iz napada kasetnim bombama i pita one koji još uvek proizvode i odobravaju korišćenje ovog oružja, uključujući i SAD, da prestanu sa tim.
Laura Boushnak - Photographer
Laura Boushnak is a Kuwaiti-born Palestinian photographer whose work focuses on women, literacy and education reform in the Arab world. Full bio
Laura Boushnak is a Kuwaiti-born Palestinian photographer whose work focuses on women, literacy and education reform in the Arab world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I once had this nightmare:
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Jednom sam imala noćnu moru:
00:15
I'm standing in the middle
of a deserted field full of land mines.
of a deserted field full of land mines.
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stojim u sred napuštenog polja
punog nagaznih mina.
punog nagaznih mina.
00:19
In real life, I love to hike,
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U stvarnosti, volim da pešačim,
00:22
but every time I want to go on a hike,
it makes me nervous.
it makes me nervous.
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ali svaki put kada želim
da idem da pešačim, postanem nervozna.
da idem da pešačim, postanem nervozna.
00:26
I have this thought in the back of my mind
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U pozadini uma imam pomisao
00:28
that I might lose a limb.
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da ću izgubiti neki ud.
00:31
This underlying fear started 10 years ago,
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Ovaj strah u pozadini
počeo je pre 10 godina,
počeo je pre 10 godina,
nakon što sam upoznala Mohameda,
koji je preživeo eksploziju kasetne bombe
koji je preživeo eksploziju kasetne bombe
00:34
after I met Mohammed,
a cluster bomb survivor
a cluster bomb survivor
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00:37
of the summer 2006
Israel-Hezbollah War in Lebanon.
Israel-Hezbollah War in Lebanon.
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na leto 2006. u ratu
Izraela i Hezbolaha u Libanu.
Izraela i Hezbolaha u Libanu.
00:42
Mohammed, like so many
other survivors all around the world,
other survivors all around the world,
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Poput mnogih drugih preživelih
širom sveta, Mohamed je morao
širom sveta, Mohamed je morao
00:45
had to live through the horrifying
repercussions of cluster munitions
repercussions of cluster munitions
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da proživljava zastrašujuće posledice
kasetnih bombi
kasetnih bombi
00:50
on a daily basis.
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svakoga dana.
00:53
When the one-month conflict
started in Lebanon,
started in Lebanon,
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Kada je jednomesečni sukob
započeo u Libanu,
započeo u Libanu,
00:55
I was still working
at Agence France-Presse in Paris.
at Agence France-Presse in Paris.
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još uvek sam radila u Parizu
u Agenciji Frans pres.
u Agenciji Frans pres.
00:59
I remember how I was glued to the screens,
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Sećam se kako sam bila
zalepljena za ekran,
zalepljena za ekran,
01:02
anxiously following the news.
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prateći vesti s nestrpljenjem.
01:05
I wanted to reassure myself
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Želela sam da se uverim
01:06
that the falling bombs
missed my parents' home.
missed my parents' home.
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da su bombe padale
daleko od doma mojih roditelja.
daleko od doma mojih roditelja.
01:10
When I arrived in Beirut
on assignment to cover that war,
on assignment to cover that war,
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Kada sam stigla u Bejrut, po zadatku,
da pokrivam priču o ratu,
da pokrivam priču o ratu,
01:14
I was relieved to be united
with my family,
with my family,
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laknulo mi je jer sam
bila sa svojom porodicom,
bila sa svojom porodicom,
01:16
after they had finally managed
to escape southern Lebanon.
to escape southern Lebanon.
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nakon što su konačno uspeli
da pobegnu iz južnog Libana.
da pobegnu iz južnog Libana.
01:20
The day the war was over,
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Dana kada je rat bio gotov,
01:22
I remember seeing this image --
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sećam se da sam videla ovu sliku -
01:24
one of blocked roads,
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blokirani putevi,
01:26
of displaced people eagerly rushing
south, back to their homes,
south, back to their homes,
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raseljeni ljudi koji s nestrpljenjem jure
nazad na jug, ka svojim domovima,
nazad na jug, ka svojim domovima,
01:30
regardless of what they would find.
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bez obzira na to šta će tamo zateći.
01:33
An estimated four million
cluster submunitions
cluster submunitions
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Tokom konflikta od 34 dana, procenjuje se
01:36
were spread in Lebanon during
the 34-day conflict.
the 34-day conflict.
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da je bačeno oko četiri miliona
kasetnih bombi u Libanu.
kasetnih bombi u Libanu.
01:42
Mohammed lost both legs
during the last week of the conflict.
during the last week of the conflict.
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Mohamed je izgubio obe noge
tokom poslednje nedelje konflikta.
tokom poslednje nedelje konflikta.
01:46
The fact that he lives a five-minute
drive from my parents' home
drive from my parents' home
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Činjenica da živi na pet minuta
od mojih roditelja,
od mojih roditelja,
01:49
made it easier to follow
him through the years.
him through the years.
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olakšala je to da ga pratim tokom godina.
01:52
It was now almost 10 years
since we first met.
since we first met.
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Sada ima skoro 10 godina
otkako smo se upoznali.
otkako smo se upoznali.
01:56
I saw the young boy
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Videla sam dečaka
01:57
who had to endure
physical and emotional trauma.
physical and emotional trauma.
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koji je morao da se nosi
sa fizičkim i emotivnim bolom.
sa fizičkim i emotivnim bolom.
02:02
I saw the teenager who tried
to offer his friends tattoos,
to offer his friends tattoos,
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Videla sam tinejdžera koji je pokušavao
da tetovira svoje prijatelje
da tetovira svoje prijatelje
02:05
in return for a set fee of five dollars.
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u zamenu za sumu od pet dolara.
02:09
And I know the young, jobless man
who spends hours surfing the Internet
who spends hours surfing the Internet
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A znam i mladog, nezaposlenog čoveka
koji surfuje internetom satima,
koji surfuje internetom satima,
02:13
trying to meet a girl who might
become his girlfriend.
become his girlfriend.
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pokušavajući da upozna devojku
koja bi mogla da bude sa njim u vezi.
koja bi mogla da bude sa njim u vezi.
02:17
His fate and the effects
of losing his legs
of losing his legs
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Njegova sudbina i posledice gubitka nogu
02:20
are now his daily reality.
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sada su njegova svakodnevna stvarnost.
02:23
Survivors of bomb trauma like Mohammed
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Preživeli iz napada bombi,
kao što je Mohamed,
kao što je Mohamed,
02:25
have to deal with so many details
that never occur to us.
that never occur to us.
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moraju da se nose sa toliko detalja
koji nama nikada ne padaju na pamet.
koji nama nikada ne padaju na pamet.
02:29
Who would have imagined
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Ko bi pomislio
02:31
that so many daily tasks we do
or take for granted,
or take for granted,
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da toliko svakodnevnih zadataka
koje radimo ili uzimamo zdravo za gotovo,
koje radimo ili uzimamo zdravo za gotovo,
02:33
such as going to the beach or even
picking up something from the floor,
picking up something from the floor,
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poput odlaska na plažu ili prosto toga
da pokupimo nešto sa poda,
da pokupimo nešto sa poda,
02:38
would become sources
of stress and anxiety?
of stress and anxiety?
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mogu da postanu
uzroci stresa i anksioznosti?
uzroci stresa i anksioznosti?
02:41
Well, that's what eventually
became of Mohammed,
became of Mohammed,
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To se na kraju desilo Muhamedu,
02:44
due to his inflexible prosthetic legs.
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zbog njegovih krutih prostetičkih nogu.
02:48
Ten years ago, I had no clue
what a cluster bomb was,
what a cluster bomb was,
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Pre deset godina, nisam imala pojma
šta je to kasetna bomba,
šta je to kasetna bomba,
02:52
nor its horrifying implications.
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kao ni šta su njene stravične posledice.
Saznala sam da se ovo oružje,
koje ne bira žrtve, koristi
koje ne bira žrtve, koristi
02:54
I learned that this indiscriminate
weapon was used
weapon was used
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02:57
in so many parts of the world
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u toliko krajeva sveta
02:58
and continues to kill on a regular basis,
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i nastavlja da ubija svakodnevno,
03:01
without distinguishing
between a military target
between a military target
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ne razlikujući vojne mete
03:04
or a child.
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i decu.
03:06
I naively asked myself,
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Naivno sam se upitala:
03:08
"But seriously, who made those weapons?
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"Ozbiljno, ko proizvodi to oružje?
03:11
And what for?"
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I zašto?"
03:13
Let me explain to you
what a cluster bomb is.
what a cluster bomb is.
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Da vam objasnim šta je to kasetna bomba.
03:16
It's a large canister
filled with bomblets.
filled with bomblets.
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To je veliki kanister pun manjih bombi.
03:19
When it's dropped from the air,
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Kada se ispusti iz vazduha,
03:21
it opens up in midair to release
hundreds of bomblets.
hundreds of bomblets.
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otvori se tokom pada kako bi ispustila
stotine malih bombi.
stotine malih bombi.
03:25
They scatter around wide areas
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One se rašire po velikim površinama
03:27
and on impact,
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i u trenutku udara,
03:28
many fail to explode.
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mnoge ne eksplodiraju.
03:31
Those unexploded ones end up
just like landmines --
just like landmines --
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Te neeksplodirane završe
poput nagaznih mina,
poput nagaznih mina,
03:34
sitting on the ground,
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stoje na zemlji
03:35
waiting for their next target.
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i čekaju svoju narednu žrtvu.
03:38
If someone steps on them by accident
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Ako neko slučajno nagazi na njih
03:41
or picks them up,
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ili ih uzme u ruku,
03:42
they can explode.
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one mogu da eksplodiraju.
03:44
These weapons are extremely unpredictable,
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Ovo oružje je veoma nepredvidljivo,
03:47
which makes the threat even bigger.
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čime je pretnja još veća.
03:49
One day, a farmer can work
his land without a problem.
his land without a problem.
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Jednog dana, poljoprivrednik može
da obrađuje svoju zemlju bez problema.
da obrađuje svoju zemlju bez problema.
03:52
The next day, he can make fire
and burn some branches,
and burn some branches,
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Narednog dana, mogao bi
da zapali neko granje
da zapali neko granje
03:56
and the submunitions close by
could be set off because of the heat.
could be set off because of the heat.
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i obližnje bombe mogle bi
da se aktiviraju zbog vrućine.
da se aktiviraju zbog vrućine.
04:00
The problem is children mistake
those bomblets for toys,
those bomblets for toys,
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Problem je u tome što deca
od bombi misle da su igračke,
od bombi misle da su igračke,
04:04
because they can look like
bouncy balls or soda cans.
bouncy balls or soda cans.
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pošto mogu da izgledaju kao loptice
ili kao limenke od soka.
ili kao limenke od soka.
04:08
Being a documentary photographer,
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Pošto sam dokumentarna fotografkinja,
04:10
I decided to go back to Lebanon
a few months after the conflict ended
a few months after the conflict ended
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odlučila sam da se vratim u Liban
nekoliko meseci nakon konflikta
nekoliko meseci nakon konflikta
04:14
to meet cluster bomb survivors.
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i upoznam preživele nakon udara bombi.
04:16
And I met a few --
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Upoznala sam ih nekoliko -
04:18
Hussein and Rasha,
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Husein i Raša,
04:19
who both lost a leg to submunitions.
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oboje su izgubili noge zbog bombe.
04:22
Their stories are similar to so many
other kids' stories across the world
other kids' stories across the world
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Njihove priče slične su pričama
mnoge druge dece širom sveta
mnoge druge dece širom sveta
04:26
and are a testimony
to the horrifying implications
to the horrifying implications
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i služe kao svedočenje
zastrašujućih posledica
zastrašujućih posledica
04:29
of the continuous use of such weapons.
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stalne upotrebe takvog oružja.
04:33
That's when I met Mohammed,
in January 2007.
in January 2007.
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Tada sam upoznala Mohameda,
u januaru 2007.
u januaru 2007.
04:37
He was 11 years old,
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Imao je 11 godina
04:38
and I met him exactly four months
after his accident.
after his accident.
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i upoznala sam ga tačno četiri meseca
nakon njegove nesreće.
nakon njegove nesreće.
Kada sam ga prvi put videla,
04:42
When I first saw him,
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04:43
he was going through painful physiotherapy
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išao je na bolnu fizioterapiju
04:46
to recover from his fresh wounds.
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kako bi se oporavio od svežih rana.
04:48
Still in shock at such a young age,
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Još uvek šokiran u tako ranom uzrastu,
04:50
Mohammed was struggling
to get used to his new body.
to get used to his new body.
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Mohamed se borio da se privikne
na svoje novo telo.
na svoje novo telo.
04:54
He would even wake up sometimes
at night wanting to scratch his lost feet.
at night wanting to scratch his lost feet.
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Čak bi se nekada budio noću
sa željom da počeše stopala.
sa željom da počeše stopala.
05:00
What drew me closer to his story
was my instant realization
was my instant realization
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Ono što me je privuklo njegovoj priči
je to što sam odmah razumela
je to što sam odmah razumela
05:03
of the difficulties Mohammed
was likely to face in the future --
was likely to face in the future --
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poteškoće sa kojima bi se Mohamed
verovatno sreo u budućnosti -
verovatno sreo u budućnosti -
05:07
that what he has been suffering
while adjusting to his injury
while adjusting to his injury
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da će ono od čega je patio
dok se privikavao na svoju povredu
dok se privikavao na svoju povredu
05:11
at the age of 11,
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sa 11 godina,
05:13
would increase manyfold.
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biti mnogostruko uvećano.
05:15
Even before his disability,
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Čak i pre svog hendikepa,
05:17
Mohammed's life wasn't easy.
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Mohamedov život nije bio lak.
05:19
He was born in the Rashidieh Camp
for Palestinian refugees,
for Palestinian refugees,
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Rodio se u kampu Rašidije
za palestinske izbeglice
za palestinske izbeglice
05:22
and this is where he still lives.
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i tu živi još uvek.
05:25
Lebanon holds some 400,000
Palestinian refugees,
Palestinian refugees,
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U Libanu je oko 400 000
izbeglica iz Palestine
izbeglica iz Palestine
05:28
and they suffer from discriminatory laws.
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i pate zbog zakona koji ih diskriminišu.
05:31
They're not allowed to work
in the public sector
in the public sector
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Nije im dozvoljeno da rade
u javnom sektoru,
u javnom sektoru,
05:34
or practice certain professions
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ni da se bave određenim zanimanjima
05:36
and are denied the right to own property.
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i nemaju pravo na privatno vlasništvo.
05:39
This is one of the reasons
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Ovo je jedan od razloga
05:40
why Mohammed doesn't really
regret dropping out of school
regret dropping out of school
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što Mohamedu nije baš žao
što je napustio školu
što je napustio školu
05:43
right after his injury.
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odmah nakon svoje povrede.
05:45
He said, "What's the point
of a university degree
of a university degree
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Rekao je:
"Koja je poenta fakultetske diplome
"Koja je poenta fakultetske diplome
05:48
when I can't find a job to start with?"
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kada uopšte ne mogu da nađem posao?"
05:53
Cluster bomb use creates a vicious circle
of impact on communities,
of impact on communities,
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Kasetne bombe stvaraju začarani krug
uticaja na zajednice,
uticaja na zajednice,
05:57
and not only the lives of their victims.
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i to ne samo u životima svojih žrtava.
05:59
Many who get injured by this weapon
drop out of school,
drop out of school,
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Mnogi koji su pogođeni ovim oružjem
napuštaju škole,
napuštaju škole,
06:03
can't find jobs or even lose their jobs,
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ne mogu da nađu poslove
ili čak izgube svoje poslove
ili čak izgube svoje poslove
06:06
therefore losing the ability
to provide for their families.
to provide for their families.
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i tako gube mogućnost
da izdržavaju svoje porodice.
da izdržavaju svoje porodice.
06:09
This is not to mention
the continuous physical pain
the continuous physical pain
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A pritom ne spominjem stalni fizički bol
06:13
and the experience of feeling isolated.
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i osećaj izolacije.
06:17
These weapons affect
the poorest of the poor.
the poorest of the poor.
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Ovo oružje pogađa one najsiromašnije.
06:20
The high medical cost
is a burden to the families.
is a burden to the families.
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Visoki troškovi lečenja
veliko su opterećenje za porodice.
veliko su opterećenje za porodice.
06:23
They end up relying
on humanitarian agencies,
on humanitarian agencies,
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Na kraju se oslanjaju
na humanitarne organizacije,
na humanitarne organizacije,
06:26
which is insufficient and unsustainable,
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što je nedovoljno i neodrživo,
06:29
especially when injuries require
lifelong support to the injured.
lifelong support to the injured.
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naročito kada je zbog povreda
povređenima potrebna doživotna pomoć.
povređenima potrebna doživotna pomoć.
06:33
Ten years after Mohammed's injury,
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Deset godina nakon Mohamedove povrede,
06:35
he is still unable to afford
proper prosthetic legs.
proper prosthetic legs.
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on još uvek ne može da priušti
prave prostetičke noge.
prave prostetičke noge.
06:39
He's very cautious with his steps,
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Korača veoma pažljivo,
06:41
as a couple of falls over the years
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pošto je nekoliko dosadašnjih padova
06:43
brought him embarrassment
among his friends.
among his friends.
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za njega donelo sram pred prijateljima.
06:47
He joked that since he doesn't have legs,
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Šalio se da pošto nema noge,
06:49
some days he tries to walk on his hands.
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nekad pokušava da hoda na rukama.
06:53
One of the worst yet invisible
impacts of the weapon
impacts of the weapon
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Jedan od najgorih ali i nevidljivih
uticaja ovog oružja
uticaja ovog oružja
06:56
is the psychological scars it leaves.
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su psihološki ožiljci koje ostavlja.
06:59
In one of Mohammed's
early medical reports,
early medical reports,
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U jednom od prvih medicinskih izveštaja,
07:01
he was diagnosed with signs of PTSD.
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Mohamed je imao znake
posttraumatskog poremećaja.
posttraumatskog poremećaja.
07:04
He suffered from anxiety,
poor appetite, sleep disturbance
poor appetite, sleep disturbance
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Patio je od anksioznosti,
lošeg apetita, manjka sna
lošeg apetita, manjka sna
07:10
and showed signs of anger.
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i pokazivao je znake besa.
07:13
The reality is Mohammed never received
proper help to fully recover.
proper help to fully recover.
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U stvarnosti, Mohamed nikada nije dobio
pravu pomoć da se potpuno oporavi.
pravu pomoć da se potpuno oporavi.
07:18
His current obsession
is to leave Lebanon at any cost --
is to leave Lebanon at any cost --
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Njegova trenutna opsesija
je da po svaku cenu napusti Liban,
je da po svaku cenu napusti Liban,
07:22
even if it meant embarking
on a hazardous journey
on a hazardous journey
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čak i kada bi to značilo
otisnuti se na opasno putovanje
otisnuti se na opasno putovanje
07:25
along with refugees drifting towards
Europe today through the Mediterranean.
Europe today through the Mediterranean.
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zajedno sa izbeglicama koje danas idu
ka Evropi preko Mediterana.
ka Evropi preko Mediterana.
07:31
Knowing how risky such a journey would be,
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Znajući koliko bi to bilo rizično,
07:33
he said, "If I were to die on the way,
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rekao je: "Kada bih usput umro,
07:36
it doesn't matter."
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bilo bi svejedno."
07:37
To Mohammed, he is dead here, anyway.
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Za Mohameda, on je tamo ionako mrtav.
07:42
Cluster bombs are a world problem,
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Kasetne bombe su svetski problem,
07:45
as this munition keeps destroying
and hurting whole communities
and hurting whole communities
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pošto ovo oružje nastavlja da uništava
i povređuje cele zajednice
i povređuje cele zajednice
07:50
for generations to come.
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generacijama.
07:52
In an online interview with the director
of the Mines Advisory Group,
of the Mines Advisory Group,
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U intervjuu preko interneta sa direktorom
Grupe za savetovanje o minama,
Grupe za savetovanje o minama,
07:56
Jamie Franklin,
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Džejmijem Frenklinom,
07:57
he said,
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rekao je:
07:58
"The US forces dropped over two million
tons of munitions over Laos.
tons of munitions over Laos.
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4552
"Snage SAD-a bacile su
preko dve tone municije širom Laosa.
preko dve tone municije širom Laosa.
08:03
If they couldn't find
their targets in Vietnam,
their targets in Vietnam,
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Ako ne bi mogli
da pronađu mete u Vijetnamu,
da pronađu mete u Vijetnamu,
08:06
there were free-drop areas in Laos
where planes would drop their loads
where planes would drop their loads
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postojale su zone za slobodno bacanje
u Laosu gde bi avioni izbacivali teret
u Laosu gde bi avioni izbacivali teret
08:10
before going back to base,
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pre povratka u bazu,
08:12
because it's dangerous to land
with loaded planes."
with loaded planes."
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jer je opasno sletati sa punim avionima."
08:16
According to the International
Committee of the Red Cross,
Committee of the Red Cross,
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Kako navodi Međunarodni komitet
Crvenog krsta,
Crvenog krsta,
08:19
in Laos alone -- one of the poorest
countries in the world --
countries in the world --
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samo u Laosu, jednoj od najsiromašnjih
zemalja na svetu,
zemalja na svetu,
08:22
nine to 27 million unexploded
submunitions remain.
submunitions remain.
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ostalo je od devet do 27 miliona
neeksplodiranih bombi.
neeksplodiranih bombi.
08:28
Some 11,000 people have been killed
or injured since 1973.
or injured since 1973.
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Od 1973, ubijeno je ili povređeno
oko 11 000 ljudi.
oko 11 000 ljudi.
08:34
This lethal weapon has been used
by over 20 states during armed conflicts
by over 20 states during armed conflicts
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Ovo smrtonostno oružje koristilo je
preko 20 država tokom oružanih sukoba
preko 20 država tokom oružanih sukoba
08:39
in over 35 countries,
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u preko 35 zemalja,
08:41
such as Ukraine, Iraq and Sudan.
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poput Ukrajine, Iraka i Sudana.
08:46
So far, 119 states have joined
an international treaty
an international treaty
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Do sada je 119 država pristupilo
međunarodnom dogovoru
međunarodnom dogovoru
08:50
banning cluster bombs,
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za zabranu kasetnih bombi,
08:52
which is officially called
the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
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koji se zvanično naziva
Konvencijom za kasetnu municiju.
Konvencijom za kasetnu municiju.
08:56
But some of the biggest producers
of cluster munitions --
of cluster munitions --
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Ali neki od najvećih proizvođača
kasetne municije,
kasetne municije,
08:59
namely, the United States,
Russia and China --
Russia and China --
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naime, SAD, Rusija i Kina,
09:03
remain outside of this lifesaving treaty
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ne pristupaju ovom dogovoru
koji spašava živote
koji spašava živote
09:05
and continue to produce them,
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i nastavljaju da ih proizvode,
09:07
reserve the right to produce
them in the future,
them in the future,
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zadržavaju pravo
da ih proizvode u budućnosti,
da ih proizvode u budućnosti,
09:10
keep those harmful weapons
in their stockpiles
in their stockpiles
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skladište to štetno oružje
09:13
and even possibly use them in the future.
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i čak će ih možda
i koristiti u budućnosti.
i koristiti u budućnosti.
09:17
Cluster bombs have reportedly
been used most recently
been used most recently
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Kasetne bombe su navodno skoro korišćene
09:21
in the ongoing conflicts
in Yemen and Syria.
in Yemen and Syria.
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u trenutnim konfliktima u Jemenu i Siriji.
09:26
According to research
on the worldwide investments
on the worldwide investments
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Prema istraživanju svetskih investicija
09:28
in cluster munitions producers
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u proizvođače kasetne municije
09:30
by Pax, a Dutch-based NGO,
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koje je izvršio Paks, NVO iz Holandije,
09:33
financial institutions invested
billions of US dollars
billions of US dollars
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finansijske institucije uložile su
milijarde dolara
milijarde dolara
09:37
into companies that make
cluster munitions.
cluster munitions.
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u kompanije koje proizvode
kasetnu municiju.
kasetnu municiju.
09:40
The majority of these institutions
are based in countries
are based in countries
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Većina ovih institucija
nalazi se u zemljama
nalazi se u zemljama
09:44
that have not yet signed
the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
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koje još nisu potpisale
Konvenciju o kasetnoj municiji.
Konvenciju o kasetnoj municiji.
09:49
Getting back to Mohammed,
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Vraćam se na Mohameda,
09:51
one of the few jobs he was able
to find was picking lemons.
to find was picking lemons.
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jedan od retkih poslova koje je
mogao da nađe je da bere limun.
mogao da nađe je da bere limun.
09:55
When I ask him if it's safe
to work in the field he said,
to work in the field he said,
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Kada sam ga pitala da li je bezbedno
da radi u polju, rekao je:
da radi u polju, rekao je:
09:59
"I'm not sure."
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"Nisam siguran."
10:01
Research shows that cluster munitions
often contaminate areas
often contaminate areas
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Istraživanja pokazuju da kasetna municija
često zagađuje područja
često zagađuje područja
10:05
where agriculture is the main
source of income.
source of income.
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gde je poljoprivreda glavni izvor prihoda.
10:10
According to Handicap
International's research,
International's research,
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Prema istraživanju organizacije
Handicap International,
Handicap International,
10:12
98 percent of those killed or injured
by cluster munitions are civilians.
by cluster munitions are civilians.
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98% onih koje ubije ili povredi
kasetna municija su civili.
kasetna municija su civili.
10:19
Eighty-four percent
of casualties are males.
of casualties are males.
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84% žrtava su muškarci.
10:23
In countries where
these people have no choice
these people have no choice
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U zemljama gde ovi ljudi nemaju izbora
10:25
but to work in those fields,
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osim da rade u tim poljima,
10:27
they simply do it
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oni to prosto rade
10:29
and risk it.
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i rizikuju.
10:31
Mohammed is the only male
to three sisters.
to three sisters.
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Mohamed je jedino muško dete
pored tri sestre.
pored tri sestre.
10:35
Culturally, he's expected
to provide for his family,
to provide for his family,
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Kulturološki, od njega se očekuje
da izdržava porodicu,
da izdržava porodicu,
10:38
but he simply can't.
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ali on to prosto ne može.
10:40
He tried to have so many different jobs,
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Pokušao je sa mnogo različitih poslova,
10:42
but he couldn't keep any
due to his physical disability
due to his physical disability
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ali nije mogao da ih zadrži
zbog svog fizičkog hendikepa
zbog svog fizičkog hendikepa
10:45
and the less-than-friendly environment
to people with disabilities,
to people with disabilities,
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i neprijateljski nastrojenog okruženja
za ljude sa hendikepom,
za ljude sa hendikepom,
10:49
to say the least.
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da budem blaga.
10:51
It hurts him a lot when he goes
out looking for a job,
out looking for a job,
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Mnogo ga boli kada ode da traži posao
10:54
and he's turned away
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i odbiju ga
10:56
with a small amount of money
paid to him out of pity.
paid to him out of pity.
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nudeći mu malo novca
koji mu daju iz sažaljenja.
koji mu daju iz sažaljenja.
10:59
He said, "I'm not here to beg for money,
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Rekao je: "Nisam ovde da prosim novac,
11:02
I just want to earn it."
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samo želim da ga zaradim."
11:05
Mohammed today is 21 years old.
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Danas Mohamed ima 21 godinu.
11:08
He's illiterate,
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Nepismen je
11:09
and he communicates with voice messages.
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i komunicira putem glasovnih poruka.
11:12
Here is one of his messages.
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Evo jedne od njegovih poruka.
11:15
(Audio) Mohammed: (Speaking in Arabic)
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(Audio snimak)
Mohamed: (Priča na arapskom)
Mohamed: (Priča na arapskom)
11:23
Laura Boushnak:
He said, "My dream is to run,
He said, "My dream is to run,
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Laura Bušnak: Rekao je:
"Moj san je da trčim,
"Moj san je da trčim,
11:25
and I'm pretty sure once I start running,
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i siguran sam da kada bih počeo da trčim,
11:28
I would never stop."
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nikada se ne bih zaustavio."
11:29
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
11:30
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Laura Boushnak - PhotographerLaura Boushnak is a Kuwaiti-born Palestinian photographer whose work focuses on women, literacy and education reform in the Arab world.
Why you should listen
Boushnak's documentary project I Read I Write explores the barriers women face accessing education and the role of literacy in improving the lives of women in Egypt, Yemen, Kuwait, Jordan, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia. For the project, Boushnak encouraged women to write their thoughts on prints of their portraits, engaging them directly in the artistic process. Boushnak’s images have been widely published, and her work has been exhibited in museums and galleries around the world. She is a co-founder of Rawiya, a collective that brings together the work and experience of female photographers from the Middle East.
Laura Boushnak | Speaker | TED.com