TEDWomen 2016
Sharon Brous: It's time to reclaim religion
莎伦 布罗斯: 是时候让宗教重生了！
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在世界即将失去控制的边缘时刻，宗教看似与其无关--或只是问题的一部分。然而Sharon Brous认为我们可以改造宗教使其适应当代潮流。在这个充满激情的演讲中，Sharon与我们分享了四个重生宗教习俗的原则，并且表达了解除社会对暴力，极端主义和消极主义的麻木感的信心。
Sharon Brous - Rabbi
Rabbi Sharon Brous is a leading voice in reanimating religious life in America, working to develop a spiritual roadmap for soulful, multi-faith justice work. Full bio
Rabbi Sharon Brous is a leading voice in reanimating religious life in America, working to develop a spiritual roadmap for soulful, multi-faith justice work. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I was a new mother
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我曾经是一个新生儿的母亲
00:15
and a young rabbi
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也是一位年轻的拉比（犹太人的学者）
00:16
in the spring of 2004
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在2004年春天的时候
00:18
and the world was in shambles.
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也是世界一片混乱的时候
00:21
Maybe you remember.
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也许你还记得
00:22
Every day, we heard devastating reports
from the war in Iraq.
from the war in Iraq.
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每天我们都会收到关于战争在伊拉克带来毁灭性创伤的报道
00:25
There were waves of terror
rolling across the globe.
rolling across the globe.
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曾经恐怖主义的浪潮也席卷了全世界
00:29
It seemed like humanity
was spinning out of control.
was spinning out of control.
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这一切都让人觉得人类正处于失去控制的边缘
00:33
I remember the night that I read
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我还记得那天晚上
00:34
about the series of coordinated bombings
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我读到发生在马德里地铁里的
00:37
in the subway system in Madrid,
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连环式爆炸
00:39
and I got up and I walked over to the crib
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然后我起身，走到婴儿床旁边
00:41
where my six-month-old baby girl
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那里正沉睡着我六个月大的女儿
00:44
lay sleeping sweetly,
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她睡的如此香甜
00:46
and I heard the rhythm of her breath,
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我听到了她呼吸的节奏
00:48
and I felt this sense of urgency
coursing through my body.
coursing through my body.
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一种紧迫感包围了我
00:52
We were living through a time
of tectonic shifts in ideologies,
of tectonic shifts in ideologies,
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我们正处于一个现实构造转换为思想意识的时代
00:56
in politics, in religion, in populations.
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无论是在政治方面，宗教方面，还是人口数量方面
00:58
Everything felt so precarious.
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所有事情都充满了未知的不确定性和危险性
01:01
And I remember thinking,
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我从未忘记过思考
01:02
"My God, what kind of world
did we bring this child into?
did we bring this child into?
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“上帝，我们到底把我们的孩子带到了怎样一个世界啊？”
01:06
And what was I as a mother
and a religious leader
and a religious leader
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“我， 作为一个母亲和一个宗教领袖，
01:10
willing to do about it?
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该为这种现况做些什么？“
当然， 我很清楚
01:14
Of course, I knew it was clear
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01:17
that religion would be
a principle battlefield
a principle battlefield
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在这个快速发展变化的国际局势中
01:20
in this rapidly changing landscape,
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宗教问题就像是一个原则性的战场
01:23
and it was already clear
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同样已然明了的是
01:24
that religion was a significant
part of the problem.
part of the problem.
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宗教已经成为一个非常敏感而重要的问题
然而我的问题是，
01:28
The question for me was,
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01:29
could religion
also be part of the solution?
also be part of the solution?
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宗教能否同时成为解决方案的一部分呢？
01:32
Now, throughout history,
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纵观历史上下
01:34
people have committed
horrible crimes and atrocities
horrible crimes and atrocities
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人们已经遭受了可怕的犯罪和暴行
01:37
in the name of religion.
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以宗教为名义
01:40
And as we entered the 21st century,
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当我们步入21世纪的时候
01:42
it was very clear that religious extremism
was once again on the rise.
was once again on the rise.
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宗教极端主义又开始盛行
如今我们的调查显示
01:47
Our studies now show
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01:49
that over the course
of the past 15, 20 years,
of the past 15, 20 years,
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在过去的15到20年中
01:52
hostilities and religion-related violence
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不同宗教间的敌意和宗教导致的暴力事件的次数
01:54
have been on the increase
all over the world.
all over the world.
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在全世界范围内快速增长
01:57
But we don't even need
the studies to prove it,
the studies to prove it,
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但是我们甚至不需要用研究去证明
01:59
because I ask you,
how many of us are surprised today
how many of us are surprised today
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有多少人会感到惊讶当我问你
02:02
when we hear the stories
of a bombing or a shooting,
of a bombing or a shooting,
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我们听到的爆炸或枪击事件
02:06
when we later find out
that the last word that was uttered
that the last word that was uttered
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我们听到的人们在扳机叩响或炸弹引爆前
02:09
before the trigger is pulled
or the bomb is detonated
or the bomb is detonated
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留下的最后一句话
02:12
is the name of God?
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这一切的事情却都是以上帝的名义
02:14
It barely raises an eyebrow today
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如今，当我们知晓有些人
02:16
when we learn that yet another person
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通过夺取上帝的子孙的生命
02:18
has decided to show his love of God
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来表明对上帝的崇敬与爱意
02:21
by taking the lives of God's children.
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我们都不会加以关注
02:24
In America, religious extremism
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在美国，宗教极端主义
02:27
looks like a white,
antiabortion Christian extremist
antiabortion Christian extremist
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就像是一个反对堕胎的白种极端基督教徒
02:31
walking into Planned Parenthood
in Colorado Springs
in Colorado Springs
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走进科泉市的计划生育处
02:34
and murdering three people.
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谋杀了三个人
02:36
It also looks like a couple
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也像
02:39
inspired by the Islamic State
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一对受伊斯兰教鼓舞的夫妇
02:40
walking into an office party
in San Bernardino and killing 14.
in San Bernardino and killing 14.
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走进圣贝纳迪诺的党政办公室并且杀掉了14个人
02:45
And even when religion-related extremism
does not lead to violence,
does not lead to violence,
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甚至即使与宗教有关的极端主义没有导致暴力事件
02:50
it is still used
as a political wedge issue,
as a political wedge issue,
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也会导致政治上的分裂
02:53
cynically leading people
to justify the subordination of women,
to justify the subordination of women,
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比如人们对女性的从属地位的确定
02:57
the stigmatization of LGBT people,
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对同性恋者的歧视
03:00
racism, Islamophobia and anti-Semitism.
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性别歧视，伊斯兰恐惧症和反犹太主义。
03:04
This ought to concern deeply
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这些都值得引起
03:06
those of us who care
about the future of religion
about the future of religion
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在乎宗教未来发展的人
03:09
and the future of faith.
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和在乎未来信念寄托的人的深深的思考
03:11
We need to call this what it is:
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我们可以将现况称为
03:14
a great failure of religion.
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宗教史上最大的失败
03:17
But the thing is, this isn't even the only
challenge that religion faces today.
challenge that religion faces today.
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但是重要的是，这并不是宗教所面临的唯一的问题
03:24
At the very same time
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在我们需要宗教作为
03:25
that we need religion
to be a strong force against extremism,
to be a strong force against extremism,
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抵抗极端主义的一股强大力量的同时
03:29
it is suffering
from a second pernicious trend,
from a second pernicious trend,
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它正遭受着第二个致命的趋势
03:32
what I call religious routine-ism.
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即被我称做宗教惯例化的趋势
03:35
This is when our institutions
and our leaders
and our leaders
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这种趋势就是我们的社会机构和领导者们
03:38
are stuck in a paradigm
that is rote and perfunctory,
that is rote and perfunctory,
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深陷于墨守成规
从而缺乏生命力，缺乏独特的视角
03:42
devoid of life, devoid of vision
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03:44
and devoid of soul.
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也缺乏基本的灵魂
03:46
Let me explain what I mean like this.
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接下来让我来解释我为什么这样说
03:48
One of the great blessings
of being a rabbi
of being a rabbi
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作为一位拉比，最大的幸福就是
03:51
is standing under the chuppah,
under the wedding canopy, with a couple,
under the wedding canopy, with a couple,
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与一对夫妇站在结婚的彩棚下
03:56
and helping them proclaim publicly
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帮助他们把这喜讯公之于众
03:58
and make holy the love
that they found for one another.
that they found for one another.
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让他们对彼此的爱神圣化
04:01
I want to ask you now, though,
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现在我请你们
04:03
to think maybe from your own experience
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想想你们自己的经历
04:05
or maybe just imagine it
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或者只是想象
04:07
about the difference
between the intensity of the experience
between the intensity of the experience
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新婚站在彩棚下
04:10
under the wedding canopy,
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和结婚16或17周年纪念日
04:11
and maybe the experience
of the sixth or seventh anniversary.
of the sixth or seventh anniversary.
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发生概率的差别
04:15
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:17
And if you're lucky enough
to make it 16 or 17 years,
to make it 16 or 17 years,
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如果你十分有幸迎来了十六或十七周年纪念日
04:21
if you're like most people,
you probably wake up in the morning
you probably wake up in the morning
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你却像大部分人一样，早晨醒来的时候意识到
04:24
realizing that you forgot to make
a reservation at your favorite restaurant
a reservation at your favorite restaurant
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你忘了预定你最喜欢的餐厅
04:28
and you forgot so much as a card,
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你也忘记了卡片
04:29
and then you just hope and pray
that your partner also forgot.
that your partner also forgot.
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于是你就希望伴侣也同样忘掉了这个事情
04:33
Well, religious ritual and rites
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宗教的惯例与习俗
04:36
were essentially designed
to serve the function of the anniversary,
to serve the function of the anniversary,
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都是特别为迎合周年纪念日的意义而设计的
04:40
to be a container in which
we would hold on to the remnants
we would hold on to the remnants
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它是一个容器，承载了那些
04:44
of that sacred, revelatory encounter
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创造了宗教的
神圣的，启示性的邂逅
04:47
that birthed the religion
in the first place.
in the first place.
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04:49
The problem is that after a few centuries,
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而问题就在于，几个世纪过去后
04:51
the date remains on the calendar,
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周年纪念日的日期仍然在日历上
04:54
but the love affair is long dead.
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但是这段爱恋却已然消逝
04:57
That's when we find ourselves
in endless, mindless repetitions
in endless, mindless repetitions
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这个时候我们才发现
我们陷入了无休止无意义的生活死循环中
05:01
of words that don't mean anything to us,
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05:04
rising and being seated
because someone has asked us to,
because someone has asked us to,
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起床，坐下等琐事都是因为有人要我们这样做
05:07
holding onto jealously guarded doctrine
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固守着被妒忌看护的信条
05:10
that's completely and wildly out of step
with our contemporary reality,
with our contemporary reality,
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这是完全彻底的背离我们如今的现实的
05:14
engaging in perfunctory practice
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我们参与到马马虎虎，得过且过的日常中
05:17
simply because that's the way
things have always been done.
things have always been done.
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只是因为这是我们平常做事的方式
05:22
Religion is waning in the United States.
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宗教的影响力在美国正在衰退
05:25
Across the board,
churches and synagogues and mosques
churches and synagogues and mosques
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从甲板上，教堂里，到犹太教会，清真寺
05:29
are all complaining
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所有的宗教都在抱怨着
05:31
about how hard it is to maintain relevance
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让这些宗教保证看起来对宗教毫无兴趣的新一代年轻人
05:36
for a generation of young people
who seem completely uninterested,
who seem completely uninterested,
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仍然与他们有关联，是多么的不容易
05:40
not only in the institutions
that stand at the heart of our traditions
that stand at the heart of our traditions
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因为这些年轻人不仅对宗教的核心机构不感兴趣
05:43
but even in religion itself.
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也对宗教本身不感兴趣
05:46
And what they need to understand
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同时，这些教会里的人需要明白的是
05:49
is that there is today
a generation of people
a generation of people
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如今的这一代人
05:52
who are as disgusted by the violence
of religious extremism
of religious extremism
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已经厌倦了暴力和宗教极端主义
05:55
as they are turned off
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因为宗教枯燥乏味的一成不变
05:57
by the lifelessness
of religious routine-ism.
of religious routine-ism.
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他们已经放弃了相信它
06:02
Of course there is
a bright spot to this story.
a bright spot to this story.
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当然这些事也有积极的一面
06:06
Given the crisis of these two
concurrent trends in religious life,
concurrent trends in religious life,
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谈到这两个在宗教世界里同时发生的趋势的危机
06:11
about 12 or 13 years ago,
I set out to try to determine
I set out to try to determine
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在12或13年前，我开始寻找
06:15
if there was any way
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其他的方法
06:16
that I could reclaim the heart
of my own Jewish tradition,
of my own Jewish tradition,
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去重新定义我所属于的犹太教传统的核心
06:20
to help make it meaningful
and purposeful again
and purposeful again
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以此来重新使犹太教在这个动荡的世界上
06:23
in a world on fire.
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重新具有它存在的意义
06:25
I started to wonder,
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我想
06:26
what if we could harness
some of the great minds of our generation
some of the great minds of our generation
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如果我们可以驾驭我们这一代伟大的思想
06:31
and think in a bold and robust
and imaginative way again
and imaginative way again
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再重新从一个大胆的，有创新的角度
06:35
about what the next iteration
of religious life would look like?
of religious life would look like?
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去思考下一个重复的宗教生活会是什么样
06:38
Now, we had no money,
no space, no game plan,
no space, no game plan,
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我们没有钱，没有空间，没有计划
06:41
but we did have email.
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但是我们的确有电子邮件
06:42
So my friend Melissa and I
sat down and we wrote an email
sat down and we wrote an email
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于是我的朋友Melissa和我
开始给我们的朋友和同事写邮件
06:46
which we sent out
to a few friends and colleagues.
to a few friends and colleagues.
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06:49
It basically said this:
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基本内容就是
06:51
"Before you bail on religion,
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“在你放弃你的宗教信仰前
06:54
why don't we come together
this Friday night
this Friday night
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让我们这周五晚上小聚一下吧
06:56
and see what we might make
of our own Jewish inheritance?"
of our own Jewish inheritance?"
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看看我们还能为犹太的文化遗产做些什么”
07:01
We hoped maybe 20 people would show up.
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我们的期待值只有二十个人
07:03
It turned out 135 people came.
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但是却来了一百三十五个人
07:07
They were cynics and seekers,
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有犬儒主义者，有探求者
07:09
atheists and rabbis.
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有无神论者，也有拉比
07:11
Many people said that night
that it was the first time
that it was the first time
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很多人都说，那晚是他们有史以来
07:13
that they had a meaningful religious
experience in their entire lives.
experience in their entire lives.
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第一次拥有了如此有意义的宗教经历
07:18
And so I set out to do the only
rational thing
rational thing
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从此我开始只做一些普通人只会在特定情况下做的
07:20
that someone would do
in such a circumstance:
in such a circumstance:
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正确的，理性的事情
我放弃了我的工作
07:22
I quit my job and tried to build
this audacious dream,
this audacious dream,
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尝试着去让我的这个无畏的梦想
07:27
a reinvented, rethought religious life
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真正实现为经过彻底改造的，重新思考的宗教生活
07:31
which we called "IKAR,"
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我们把这个梦想称作“IKAR”
07:33
which means "the essence"
or "the heart of the matter."
or "the heart of the matter."
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是“本质，精华”，“问题的核心”的意思
07:36
Now, IKAR is not alone
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如今，IKAR 并不孤单，
07:39
out there in the religious
landscape today.
landscape today.
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在我们的梦想在当今宗教局势中
07:41
There are Jewish and Christian
and Muslim and Catholic religious leaders,
and Muslim and Catholic religious leaders,
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因为有很多的犹太教，基督教，穆斯林教和天主教领袖
07:45
many of them women, by the way,
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（顺便说一下，他们之中有很多都是女性）
07:47
who have set out to reclaim
the heart of our traditions,
the heart of our traditions,
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都开始重新定义他们宗教的核心
07:51
who firmly believe that now is the time
for religion to be part of the solution.
for religion to be part of the solution.
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开始坚定的相信是时候让宗教成为解决方案的一部分了
07:57
We are going back
into our sacred traditions
into our sacred traditions
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我们回想我们神圣的传统
08:00
and recognizing that all of our traditions
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却猛然醒悟，我们所有的传统
08:02
contain the raw material
to justify violence and extremism,
to justify violence and extremism,
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都包含着用不成熟的因素来对待暴力和极端主义
08:07
and also contain the raw material
to justify compassion,
to justify compassion,
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包括对待同情和怜悯
08:12
coexistence and kindness --
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和平共处和仁慈好意
08:14
that when others choose to read our texts
as directives for hate and vengeance,
as directives for hate and vengeance,
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所以当他人从我们的文章中读出憎恨与复仇时
08:19
we can choose to read those same texts
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我们可以从同样的文章中读出
08:21
as directives for love
and for forgiveness.
and for forgiveness.
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爱和宽容
08:26
I have found now
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我发现
08:27
in communities as varied
as Jewish indie start-ups on the coasts
as Jewish indie start-ups on the coasts
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与犹太教发源在海岸边一样与众不同的教会
08:32
to a woman's mosque,
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比如属于女人的清真寺
08:34
to black churches
in New York and in North Carolina,
in New York and in North Carolina,
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比如纽约和北卡罗来纳城内的黑人教会
08:38
to a holy bus loaded with nuns
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比如满载着修女的神圣巴士
08:40
that traverses this country
with a message of justice and peace,
with a message of justice and peace,
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他们向国家传递着公正与和平的气息
08:45
that there is a shared religious ethos
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以及共同的宗教精神
08:47
that is now emerging in the form
of revitalized religion in this country.
of revitalized religion in this country.
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他们现在以在国度内复兴宗教的形式而浮现
08:53
And while the theologies
and the practices vary very much
and the practices vary very much
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而当在这些独立的教会间
出现宗教体系和日常传统非常不同的情况时
08:57
between these independent communities,
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09:00
what we can see are some common,
consistent threads between them.
consistent threads between them.
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我们却可以看到隐没在这些情况中的共同点
09:03
I'm going to share with you
four of those commitments now.
four of those commitments now.
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下面我就来与大家分享这四个相同点
09:07
The first is wakefulness.
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第一个便是思想觉悟
09:10
We live in a time today
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我们生活在一个这样的时代
09:11
in which we have unprecedented access
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可以通过各种各样出人意料的途径
09:14
to information about every global tragedy
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得知每一个
发生在世界各个角落的悲剧
09:17
that happens on every corner
of this Earth.
of this Earth.
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09:19
Within 12 hours, 20 million people
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有两千多万人，在十二个小时内
09:22
saw that image
of Aylan Kurdi's little body
of Aylan Kurdi's little body
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就看到了阿兰科迪的小小身躯
09:25
washed up on the Turkish shore.
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在土耳其的海岸边被海浪无情的冲刷
09:27
We all saw this picture.
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我们都看见了
09:30
We saw this picture
of a five-year-old child
of a five-year-old child
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看见这个图片里的五岁男童
09:33
pulled out of the rubble
of his building in Aleppo.
of his building in Aleppo.
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企图从已成废墟的阿勒波的家里逃出
09:37
And once we see these images,
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每次当我们见到类似的图像
09:39
we are called to a certain kind of action.
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我们都会不约而同地开始行动
09:42
My tradition tells a story
of a traveler who is walking down a road
of a traveler who is walking down a road
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在我的宗教里流传着这样一个故事
一个旅人在路途中看到一栋漂亮房子着火了
09:46
when he sees a beautiful house on fire,
190
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09:50
and he says, "How can it be
that something so beautiful would burn,
that something so beautiful would burn,
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他说:"这么漂亮的一座房子着火了
09:54
and nobody seems to even care?"
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为什么人们都坐视不见呢？“
09:56
So too we learn that our world is on fire,
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同样的，现在我们的房子--这个世界也正在经历十万火急地事情
09:59
and it is our job to keep our hearts
and our eyes open,
and our eyes open,
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我们应当敞开心扉，擦亮眼睛
10:03
and to recognize
that it's our responsibility
that it's our responsibility
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发现这其实是我们的责任
10:06
to help put out the flames.
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去把火焰熄灭
10:08
This is extremely difficult to do.
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这件事的确很困难
10:10
Psychologists tell us that the more
we learn about what's broken in our world,
we learn about what's broken in our world,
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心理学家告诉过我们，人们越是见到这个世界支离破碎的一面
10:14
the less likely we are to do anything.
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就越是会放任不管
10:16
It's called psychic numbing.
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这便是心理麻醉
10:18
We just shut down at a certain point.
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即我们选择性的忽略了一些重要的问题
10:21
Well, somewhere along the way,
our religious leaders forgot
our religious leaders forgot
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然而，在时代发展的道路上，各宗教的领袖似乎忘记了
我们的责任即是使人民面对残酷的现实
10:25
that it's our job
to make people uncomfortable.
to make people uncomfortable.
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让他们有所觉悟
10:28
It's our job to wake people up,
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以此来迫使他们远离漠不关心的态度
10:31
to pull them out of their apathy
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10:33
and into the anguish,
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然后迎来改变的痛苦
做我们本不想做的事情
10:34
and to insist that we do
what we don't want to do
what we don't want to do
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10:38
and see what we do not want to see.
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看到我们本无视的实况
因为我们知道社会的改变永远只发生在
10:41
Because we know
that social change only happens --
that social change only happens --
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（掌声）
10:43
(Applause)
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10:44
when we are awake enough
to see that the house is on fire.
to see that the house is on fire.
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我们清醒的意识到它急需改变的时候
10:49
The second principle is hope,
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第二个便是希望
关于希望我必须说
10:51
and I want to say this about hope.
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它并不是那样天真
10:53
Hope is not naive,
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10:55
and hope is not an opiate.
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1936
也不是什么麻醉剂
希望可能是对悲观主义的政治
10:57
Hope may be the single
greatest act of defiance
greatest act of defiance
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和对已经绝望的文化
11:01
against a politics of pessimism
217
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11:03
and against a culture of despair.
218
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最大的蔑视
11:06
Because what hope does for us
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因为希望所能带给我们的
是让我们挣脱那个
11:08
is it lifts us out of the container
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阻挠我们前进的牢笼
11:11
that holds us and constrains us
from the outside,
from the outside,
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并且告诉我们，“你们可以自由的梦想与思考
11:14
and says, "You can dream
and think expansively again.
and think expansively again.
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这是一切其他事物所不能控制的”
11:18
That they cannot control in you."
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11:21
I saw hope made manifest
in an African-American church
in an African-American church
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今年夏天，在芝加哥南部
我看到希望已在美国非裔的教堂里得以显现
11:24
in the South Side of Chicago this summer,
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那是我带女儿
11:27
where I brought my little girl,
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她现在已经十三岁了
11:29
who is now 13
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11:30
and a few inches taller than me,
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比我还要再高一点点
11:32
to hear my friend Rev. Otis Moss preach.
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去听我朋友Rev.Otis Moss讲道的地方
11:35
That summer, there had already been
3,000 people shot
3,000 people shot
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这个夏天，在芝加哥大约有3000人被枪杀
从一月到七月
11:41
between January and July in Chicago.
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11:45
We went into that church
and heard Rev. Moss preach,
and heard Rev. Moss preach,
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我们去教堂听他讲道
结束后
11:48
and after he did,
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是优雅的女声合唱
11:50
this choir of gorgeous women,
100 women strong,
100 women strong,
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100个合唱成员站起身展开歌喉
11:54
stood up and began to sing.
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11:57
"I need you. You need me.
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“我需要你，你亦如此
我爱你。我想要你好好的活着”
12:00
I love you. I need you to survive."
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12:03
And I realized in that moment
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在那一瞬间我恍然醒悟
12:05
that this is what religion
is supposed to be about.
is supposed to be about.
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这就是宗教活动应有的样子
12:09
It's supposed to be about
giving people back a sense of purpose,
giving people back a sense of purpose,
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它应当给予人们生存的目的
希望的感觉
12:13
a sense of hope,
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12:15
a sense that they and their dreams
fundamentally matter in this world
fundamentally matter in this world
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和一种每个个体和每个梦想都至关重要的感觉
纵使这个世界总是让人们感到被忽视
12:20
that tells them
that they don't matter at all.
that they don't matter at all.
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12:23
The third principle
is the principle of mightiness.
is the principle of mightiness.
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第三个便是强大原则
我们犹太法师有一项传统
12:26
There's a rabbinic tradition
that we are to walk around
that we are to walk around
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兜里揣着两张纸片走在路上
12:29
with two slips of paper in our pockets.
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一张上面写着，“我渺小如灰烬，我什么都不是”
12:31
One says, "I am but dust and ashes."
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也就是说我只是一个不起眼的存在
12:35
It's not all about me.
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12:36
I can't control everything,
and I cannot do this on my own.
and I cannot do this on my own.
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我不能掌控任何事，我也不能凭一己之念决定什么
而另一张纸上写着，“世界因我而被创造”
12:40
The other slip of paper says,
"For my sake the world was created."
"For my sake the world was created."
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意思是，虽然我不能掌控任何事
12:45
Which is to say it's true
that I can't do everything,
that I can't do everything,
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12:49
but I can surely do something.
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但是我的确能做成一些事
比如宽容
12:52
I can forgive.
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比如爱
12:53
I can love.
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12:55
I can show up.
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比如展示自己
比如抗议
12:57
I can protest.
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比如成为讨论的一部分
12:58
I can be a part of this conversation.
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13:01
We even now have a religious ritual,
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我们现在甚至有了宗教仪式
这种宗教态度
13:04
a posture,
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13:06
that holds the paradox
between powerlessness and power.
between powerlessness and power.
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可以使无能为力与强权在握之间存在一种悖论
在犹太聚集区里
13:09
In the Jewish community,
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13:11
the only time of year
that we prostrate fully to the ground
that we prostrate fully to the ground
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一年中唯一一次的跪拜礼
发生在非常神圣的日子里
13:14
is during the high holy days.
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这是完全谦恭的一种表示
13:16
It's a sign of total submission.
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13:18
Now in our community,
when we get up off the ground,
when we get up off the ground,
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如今，我们行毕跪拜礼后
我们起身，手指向天堂的方向
13:21
we stand with our hands
raised to the heavens,
raised to the heavens,
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13:25
and we say, "I am strong,
I am mighty, and I am worthy.
I am mighty, and I am worthy.
267
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低语，“我很坚强，我有权利，我很有价值。
我不能做成一切事情，但是我的确能做好我力所能及的”
13:31
I can't do everything,
but I can do something."
but I can do something."
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3360
13:35
In a world that conspires
to make us believe that we are invisible
to make us believe that we are invisible
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在这个努力想要使我们认为自己渺小如尘
手无缚鸡之力的世界
13:40
and that we are impotent,
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13:42
religious communities and religious ritual
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是宗教团体和宗教习俗在提醒我们
不管我们能在这个世界上待多久
13:44
can remind us that for whatever
amount of time we have here on this Earth,
amount of time we have here on this Earth,
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不管我们被给于了多少祝福与礼物
13:48
whatever gifts and blessings
we were given,
we were given,
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13:51
whatever resources we have,
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不管我们有各种各样的资源
我们可以，也必须用他们
13:52
we can and we must use them
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去使这个世界变得更公正一点
13:55
to try to make the world
a little bit more just
a little bit more just
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13:57
and a little bit more loving.
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也更具有人情味一点
13:59
The fourth and final
is interconnectedness.
is interconnectedness.
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最后一点便是世界的互联性
许多年前，一个男人正在阿拉斯加的海滩上散步
14:02
A few years ago, there was a man
walking on the beach in Alaska,
walking on the beach in Alaska,
279
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3256
14:06
when he came across a soccer ball
280
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1936
一个足球出现在他眼前
14:08
that had some Japanese
letters written on it.
letters written on it.
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上面还写着日本字
14:10
He took a picture of it
and posted it up on social media,
and posted it up on social media,
282
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3336
他拍了张足球的照片，并且把它放到了他的社交软件上
然后，一个日本的少年联系了他
14:14
and a Japanese teenager contacted him.
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14:16
He had lost everything in the tsunami
that devastated his country,
that devastated his country,
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他说他已经在重创全国的海啸中失去了一切
14:20
but he was able
to retrieve that soccer ball
to retrieve that soccer ball
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但是现在他找回了他的足球
14:23
after it had floated
all the way across the Pacific.
all the way across the Pacific.
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3016
在它已经漂过整个太平洋之后
世界已然变得如此之小
14:26
How small our world has become.
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作为人类，我们很难记得
14:29
It's so hard for us to remember
how interconnected we all are
how interconnected we all are
288
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4816
我们是多么的心有灵犀
14:33
as human beings.
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1200
然而，我们都知道
14:36
And yet, we know
290
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1976
从激进的独立主义的谎言中
14:38
that it is systems of oppression
291
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2696
14:41
that benefit the most
from the lie of radical individualism.
from the lie of radical individualism.
292
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4096
受益最大的却是政府采用的镇压手段
这是为什么呢？
14:45
Let me tell you how this works.
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14:47
I'm not supposed to care
294
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1936
我本不应关心
黑人青年被警察一而再，再而三的骚扰
14:49
when black youth are harassed by police,
295
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2456
14:51
because my white-looking Jewish kids
296
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因为我有着白皮肤的犹太孩子
也许永远都不会因为同样的事（皮肤黑）而被定罪
14:54
probably won't ever get pulled over
for the crime of driving while black.
for the crime of driving while black.
297
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3896
但是我并没有给予漠视的态度，
14:58
Well, not so, because
this is also my problem.
this is also my problem.
298
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4016
因为这同时也是我应该关心的问题
15:02
And guess what?
Transphobia and Islamophobia
Transphobia and Islamophobia
299
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3176
同时，变性者恐惧症，伊斯兰恐惧症
15:05
and racism of all forms,
those are also all of our problems.
those are also all of our problems.
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3536
和各种形式的种族歧视，
15:08
And so too is anti-Semitism
all of our problems.
all of our problems.
301
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3456
同样，反犹太问题也是，
也是我们应当关心的问题
15:12
Because Emma Lazarus was right.
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正如Emma Lazarus所说
15:14
(Applause)
303
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2320
（掌声）
15:19
Emma Lazarus was right
when she said until all of us are free,
when she said until all of us are free,
304
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正如Emma Lazarus所说，
除非我们所有人都获得自由，否则其实我们都是囚禁的
15:22
we are none of us free.
305
910920
1936
大家都是这样的
15:24
We are all in this together.
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15:27
And now somewhere at the intersection
of these four trends,
of these four trends,
307
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3496
在这四个趋势的交叉口
15:31
of wakefulness and hope
and mightiness and interconnectedness,
and mightiness and interconnectedness,
308
919320
4736
觉悟，希望，强大，互联
诞生了一项生机勃勃的，多信仰的，公正的运动
15:36
there is a burgeoning, multifaith
justice movement in this country
justice movement in this country
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来为趋势和逆趋势画上一条清楚的界限
15:40
that is staking a claim on a countertrend,
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15:42
saying that religion can and must be
a force for good in the world.
a force for good in the world.
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因为宗教应当也必须成为世界的一股正能量
失败的宗教极端主义的出现伤了我们的心
15:48
Our hearts hurt from
the failed religion of extremism,
the failed religion of extremism,
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我们也值得拥有推陈出新的宗教理念
15:52
and we deserve more
than the failed religion of routine-ism.
than the failed religion of routine-ism.
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是时候让宗教领袖和宗教团体
15:56
It is time for religious leaders
and religious communities
and religious communities
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在精神与文化改变方面做出领头作用了
16:00
to take the lead in the spiritual
and cultural shift
and cultural shift
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况且这种改变也是国家和世界所急需的---
16:03
that this country and the world
so desperately needs --
so desperately needs --
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向真情改变，
16:07
a shift toward love,
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向公正改变，向平等和尊严改变
16:09
toward justice, toward equality
and toward dignity for all.
and toward dignity for all.
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我相信我们的下一代值得一个更好的世界
16:13
I believe that our children
deserve no less than that.
deserve no less than that.
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16:17
Thank you.
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谢谢
16:18
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sharon Brous - RabbiRabbi Sharon Brous is a leading voice in reanimating religious life in America, working to develop a spiritual roadmap for soulful, multi-faith justice work.
Why you should listen
Based in Los Angeles, Rabbi Sharon Brous is the senior and founding rabbi of IKAR, a community built in 2004 that has become a model for Jewish revitalization in the US and beyond. IKAR’s goal is to reinvigorate Jewish religious and spiritual practice, inspiring people of faith to reclaim a moral and prophetic voice in counter-testimony to the small-minded extremism now prevalent in so many religious communities. IKAR quickly became one of the fastest growing and most influential Jewish congregations in the country, and it's widely credited with sparking a rethinking of religious life in a time of unprecedented disaffection and declining affiliation.
In 2008, Brous was the youngest person on the Newsweek/Daily Beast list of the most influential Rabbis in America, and in 2013 she was named the list’s most influential rabbi. In 2013, Brous blessed President Obama and Vice President Biden at the Inaugural National Prayer Service.
Sharon Brous | Speaker | TED.com