ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elizabeth White - Author, advocate
Elizabeth White is an author and aging solutions advocate for older adults facing uncertain work and financial insecurity.

Why you should listen
When Elizabeth White could not find a book that met her needs during her own bout of long-term unemployment, she wrote it herself. She wrote it as a 62-year-old woman who has lived the stories she describes, and as a Harvard MBA, former retail entrepreneur and C-suite executive who never expected to land here.

Three years ago, White wrote an essay describing her own precarious financial situation and that of a number of her boomer age friends, all former high earners with advanced degrees. The essay was published online and within three days it had received over 11,000 likes and 1,000 comments. Many wrote to White directly sharing stories of hardship and struggle. The economics of aging was forcing them to abandon dreams of launching fulfilling second- and third-act careers to take part-time, low wage jobs to pay the bills. In their stories, White saw her own, and the idea of writing a book was born.

White's book, 55, Underemployed, and Faking Normal is about the millions of older Americans who, despite a history of career choice and decent incomes, are facing (often for the first time) the prospect of downward mobility in old age. Based on expert research and interviews with older adults, the book looks at the tools and strategies boomers can utilize to make sense of changed circumstances, better manage financial hardship and achieve a more inner-directed and satisfying life.
 
White's message is striking a chord. She is among a small but growing minority seeking to reframe the national conversation we're having on aging, work and retirement. White is a frequent guest blogger and speaker at conferences and workshops, and she has recently been named one of the top 50 influencers on aging in the country. Her essays and work have appeared in publications like Forbes, The Huffington Post, Next Avenue and The Washington Post. And she has been featured prominently in three segments on the PBS NewsHour.

More profile about the speaker
Elizabeth White | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxVCU

Elizabeth White: An honest look at the personal finance crisis

伊莉莎白.懷特: 誠實地正視個人的財務危機

Filmed:
1,800,039 views

跟你說個秘密:數百萬嬰兒潮出生的人,開始邁入老年且有著嚴重的財務危機。在他們之後的年輕世代,也將面臨同樣的挑戰。在這場深度個人化的演說中,作家伊莉莎白.懷特敞開心胸坦誠地討論財務問題,並提供實用的建議,說明如何利用有限的收入,來過有質感的生活。
- Author, advocate
Elizabeth White is an author and aging solutions advocate for older adults facing uncertain work and financial insecurity. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
You know me.
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你認識我。
00:16
I am in your friendship友誼 circle
hidden in plain sight視力.
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我就藏在你朋友圈中不顯眼的地方。
00:20
My clothes衣服 are still impeccable無可挑剔 --
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我的衣著無可挑剔——
00:23
bought in the good years年份
when I was still making製造 money.
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它們是我在還會賺錢的
那段黃金歲月所買下的。
00:27
To look at me you would not know
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光看著我,你不會知道
00:28
that my electricity電力 was cut off
last week for nonpayment拖欠,
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我上週已經因為沒繳電費被斷電,
00:32
or that I meet遇到 the eligibility資格
requirements要求 for food餐飲 stamps郵票.
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也不會知道我已經符合
可以領食物券的條件了。
00:37
But if you paid支付 attention注意,
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但若你有留意,
00:38
you would see that sadness in my eyes眼睛 --
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你會看到我眼中的悲傷——
00:40
hear that hint暗示 of fear恐懼
in my otherwise除此以外 self-assured自我保證 voice語音.
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在我原本自信的聲音中
聽到些許的恐懼。
00:46
These days I'm buying購買
the $1.99 trial-size試用尺寸 jug壇子 of Tide浪潮
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這些日子,我會買 1.99 美元的
汰漬洗衣精試用罐,
00:50
to make ends結束 meet遇到.
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讓收支能平衡。
00:51
I bet賭注 you didn't know
laundry洗衣店 detergent洗滌劑 came來了 in that size尺寸.
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我打賭你不知道洗衣精
還有那種大小的包裝。
00:55
You invite邀請 me to the same相同
expensive昂貴 restaurants餐館
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你邀請我到同一間昂貴的餐廳,
00:58
the two of us have always enjoyed享受,
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我們兩個人一向很享受在那裡用餐,
01:00
but I order訂購 mineral礦物 water now
with a twist of lemon檸檬,
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但我現在會點礦泉水
加上螺旋檸檬皮,
01:02
not the 12-dollar-美元 glass玻璃 of chardonnay霞多麗.
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而不是一杯
要價 12 美元的白葡萄酒。
01:06
I am frugal節儉 in my menu菜單 choices選擇.
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點餐時我盡量少花錢。
01:09
Meticulous細緻, I count計數
every一切 penny一分錢 in my head.
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我在腦中小心翼翼地
計算著每一分錢。
01:12
I demur異議 dividing the table bill法案 evenly
to cover desserts甜點 and designer設計師 coffees咖啡
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我反對平分帳單,因為帳單裡頭
包含了甜點、特調咖啡,
01:18
and second第二 and third第三 glasses眼鏡
of wine紅酒 I did not consume消耗.
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及第二和第三杯紅酒,
都不是我消費的。
01:22
I am tired of trying to fake appearances出場.
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我好厭倦要在表面上作假。
01:27
A friend朋友 told me that I'm broke打破 not poor較差的,
and there is a difference區別.
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朋友告訴我,我是破產而非貧窮,
兩者是有差別的。
01:31
I live生活 without cable電纜, my gym健身房 membership
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我的生活中沒有
有線電視、健身房會籍,
01:33
and nail appointments約會.
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及美甲的預約。
01:35
I've discovered發現 I can do my own擁有 hair頭髮.
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我發現我可以自己做頭髮。
01:37
There is no retirement退休 savings,
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沒有退休存款,
01:39
no nest egg.
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沒有儲蓄金。
01:42
I exhausted that long ago.
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我很早以前就把它花光了。
01:44
There is no expensive昂貴 condo公寓 to draw equity公平
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沒有昂貴的公寓可以貸款變現,
01:47
and no husband丈夫 to back me up.
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也沒有丈夫可以倚靠。
01:50
Months of slow pay工資 and no pay工資
have decimated元氣大傷 my credit信用.
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數個月來帳單不是遲繳就是沒繳,
讓我的信用受到重挫。
01:55
Bill法案 collectors收藏家 call constantly經常,
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催帳的人常常打電話來,
01:57
reading verbatim逐字 from a script腳本
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照本宣科地唸著催款稿後,
01:59
before expressing表達
polite有禮貌 sympathy同情 for my plight困境
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才禮貌性地對我的困境表示同情,
02:03
and then demanding嚴格 payment付款
arrangements安排 I can't possibly或者 meet遇到.
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接著要求我履行
無法如期償付的還款計畫。
02:07
Friends wonder奇蹟 privately私自
how someone有人 so well educated博學
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朋友們私下納悶著,
我受過這麼好的教育,
02:11
could be in economic經濟 free自由 fall秋季.
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怎麼可能在經濟上摔得這麼慘。
02:15
I'm still as talented天才 as ever
and smart聰明 as a whip鞭子,
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我還是一樣有才華、一樣機敏,
02:19
but work is sketchy now,
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但工作有一餐沒一餐,
02:20
mostly大多 on and off consulting諮詢 gigs演出.
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大部分是時有時無的諮詢案件。
02:23
At 55 I've learned學到了 how to fake cheeriness喜悅,
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在 55 歲時,我學會了假裝開心,
02:29
but there are not many許多
opportunities機會 for work anymore.
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但工作機會已經不多了。
02:34
I don't remember記得 exactly究竟 when it stopped停止,
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我無法明確記得是何時停止的,
02:36
but I cannot不能 deny拒絕 now having entered進入
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但我無法否認我已經進入了
02:39
the uncertain不確定 world世界
of formerly以前 and used to be.
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以前曾經歷過的不穩定、
無常的情況中了。
02:43
I'm not sure anymore where I belong屬於.
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我再也不確定我的歸屬在哪裡。
02:47
What I do know is that dozens許多
of online線上 job工作 applications應用
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我確切知道的是,
數十張線上工作應徵申請表
02:50
seem似乎 to just disappear消失 into a black黑色 hole.
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似乎都石沉大海。
02:54
I'm wondering想知道 what is to become成為 of me.
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我很納悶我之後會變成什麼樣子。
02:57
So far my health健康 has held保持 up,
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目前我的健康還過得去,
03:00
but my body身體 aches疼痛 -- or is it my spirit精神?
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但我身體的疼痛——
還是其實是心靈的痛?
03:04
Homeless無家可歸 women婦女 used to be invisible無形 to me
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我以前都看不見無家可歸的女性,
03:07
but I appraise評價 them now with curious好奇 eyes眼睛,
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但現在我會用好奇的目光
來揣度她們,
03:10
wondering想知道 if their stories故事
started開始 like mine.
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納悶她們故事的一開始
是否也和我一樣。
03:15
I wrote this piece a year ago.
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我一年前寫了這篇作品。
03:17
It's a composite綜合 of my story故事
and other women婦女 I know.
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它包含了我的故事
以及我認識的其他女性。
03:20
I wrote it because
I was tired of pretending假裝
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我之所以寫下它是因為我厭倦了
03:23
I was all right when I wasn't.
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當我失意落魄時還要假裝過得不錯。
03:25
I was tired of faking偽造 normal正常.
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我厭倦了假裝一切安好如常。
03:28
I wasn't seeing眼看 myself
in the popular流行 press.
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我沒有在主流新聞中看見我自己。
03:32
Nobody沒有人 I knew知道 was traveling旅行 the world世界
or buying購買 a condo公寓 in Costa哥斯達黎加 Rica哥斯達黎加.
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我不認識任何環遊世界的人
或在哥斯大黎加買公寓的人。
03:37
Very few少數 of my friends朋友
had set aside在旁邊 the 15 to 20 percent百分
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幾乎沒有朋友聽從專家的建議,
將收入的 15% 到 20 % 存下來,
03:42
experts專家 tell us we need to maintain保持
our standard標準 of living活的 in retirement退休.
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以便在退休後能維持
我們既有的生活水平。
03:49
My friends朋友, many許多 in their 50s and 60s,
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我許多朋友都已經五、六十歲了,
03:51
were looking at a downward向下 mobility流動性,
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他們要面臨的是行動力下降,
03:53
a work-for-life終身工作 proposition主張,
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考慮是否要終身工作,
03:55
just a job工作 loss失利, medical diagnosis診斷
or divorce離婚 away from insolvency破產.
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只要一次失業、一次醫療診斷
或一次離婚,就會破產。
04:02
We may可能 not have hit擊中 rock bottom底部,
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我們可能還沒有跌到谷底,
04:05
but many許多 of us saw a sequence序列 of events事件
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但我們當中許多人
都經歷了一連串的事件,
04:09
where rock bottom底部
was possible可能 for the first time.
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讓他們第一次覺得,
跌到谷底是有可能的。
04:13
And the truth真相 is,
it really doesn't take much.
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事實是,要跌到谷底並不難。
04:17
The median中位數 household家庭 in the US
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美國的一般家庭
04:19
only has enough足夠 savings
to replace更換 one month of income收入.
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存款只足夠代替一個月的收入。
04:24
Forty-seven四十七 percent百分 of us
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我們當中有 47% 的人
04:25
cannot不能 pull together一起 400 dollars美元
to deal合同 with an emergency.
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無法湊出 400 美元
來處理緊急事件。
04:30
That's almost幾乎 half of us.
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那幾乎是一半的人了。
04:31
A major重大的 car汽車 repair修理
and we're standing常設 on the abyss深淵.
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若車子需要一次大翻修
我們就已站在深淵邊緣了。
04:36
You wouldn't不會 know it to look around you --
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看看你四周,你不會知道——
04:38
I'm not the only one in this situation情況.
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我並不是唯一處在這種情況的人。
04:42
There are people in this room房間
who are in the same相同 predicament困境,
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在這間房間中也有人
和我有相同的困境,
04:46
and if it's not you,
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如果不是你,
04:47
it is your parents父母 or your sister妹妹
or maybe your best最好 friend朋友.
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也可能是你的父母、
你的姐妹或你最好的朋友。
04:52
We get good at faking偽造 normal正常.
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我們都很擅長假裝一切安好。
04:55
Shame恥辱 keeps保持 us silent無聲 and siloed孤立.
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羞恥感讓我們保持沉默和孤立。
04:59
When I first decided決定 I was going
to come out with my story故事,
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當我最初決定要出來
講述我的故事時,
05:03
I did a website網站
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我設了一個網站,
05:04
and a friend朋友 noticed注意到
that there were no photos相片 of me --
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一個朋友注意到
網站上沒有我的照片——
05:07
it was all kind of cartoons卡通 like this.
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上面都是像這樣的漫畫。
05:11
Even as I was coming未來 out,
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即使我站出來了,
05:14
I was still hiding.
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我也還在躲藏。
05:18
We live生活 in a world世界
where success成功 is defined定義 by income收入.
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在我們所居住的世界中,
成功是由收入來定義的。
05:25
When you say that you have money problems問題,
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當你說你有金錢方面的問題時,
05:28
you're announcing宣布
pretty漂亮 much that you're a loser失敗者.
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你差不多就等於是
宣佈你是個失敗者了。
05:31
When you're a graduate畢業
of Harvard哈佛 Business商業 School學校 as I am,
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當你跟我一樣
是哈佛商學院的畢業生,
05:35
you're some kind of double loser失敗者.
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你就是某種雙重失敗者。
05:37
We boomers hear a lot about
how we have underfunded資金不足 our retirement退休;
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我們這些嬰兒潮出生的人,
常聽到我們所提撥的退休金不足,
05:42
how it's all our fault故障.
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說錯全都在我們。
05:44
Why on earth地球 would we draw down
our 401(k) plan計劃 to cover the shortfall缺口
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到底為什麼要提領我們
401(k) 退休福利計畫的錢,
05:49
on our mother-in-law's母親在法律的 nursing看護 home care關心,
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去補足我們親家母
在養老院的照護赤字,
05:53
or to pay工資 for our kid's孩子的 tuition學費,
or just to survive生存?
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或是支付我們孩子的學費,
或只是用來生存?
05:57
We're accused被告 of being存在
poor較差的 planners規劃者 and deadbeats遊手好閒 --
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我們被指控是很不懂規劃的人
及遊手好閒的人——
06:00
all that money we spent花費
on lattes拿鐵 and bottled瓶裝 water.
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所有的錢都花在拿鐵和瓶裝水上。
06:05
To shame恥辱 and blame
is so deliciously美味地 tempting誘人的.
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羞辱和責怪別人是如此誘人。
06:09
Many許多 of us don't even wait
for others其他 to do it
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許多人甚至還沒等別人這麼做,
06:12
we're so busy doing it to ourselves我們自己.
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就自己先自責起來了。
06:15
I say let's own擁有 our part部分:
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我認為大家應各自反省:
06:17
we all could have saved保存 more.
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我們原本可以存更多錢。
06:19
I know I could have saved保存 more,
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我知道我本來可以存更多,
06:21
and if you were to rifle步槍 through通過
my life over the last 30 years年份,
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如果你能快速看
我過去三十年的人生,
06:27
you would see more than one
dumb thing I have doneDONE financially經濟.
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你就會看到我在財務上
做的蠢事不只一樁。
06:31
I can't change更改 that now
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我現在無法改變過去,
06:34
and neither也不 can you,
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你也不能,
06:35
but let's not mix混合 up
individual個人, isolated孤立 behavior行為
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但不要把個別、獨立的行為
06:41
with the systemic系統的 factors因素
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和造成退休金 7.7 兆美元缺口的
06:43
that have caused造成 a 7.7-trillion-dollar-萬億美元
retirement退休 income收入 gap間隙.
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系統因子搞混。
06:49
Millions百萬 of boomer-age潮一代-年齡 Americans美國人
did not land土地 here
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美國數百萬名嬰兒潮的人
並不是因為太常去星巴克
而落到這步田地。
06:52
because of too many許多 trips旅行 to Starbucks星巴克.
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06:56
We spent花費 the last three decades幾十年
dealing交易 with flat平面 and falling落下 wages工資
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過去三十年間,
我們面臨著通膨、下跌的薪資、
07:00
and disappearing消失 pensions養老金
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消失的退休金,
07:02
and through-the-roof通過屋頂 cost成本
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以及房價、醫療保健
07:03
on housing住房 and health健康 care關心 and education教育.
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和教育費用的飆升飛漲。
07:07
It used to not be like this.
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以前並不是這個樣子的。
07:09
We all remember記得 the three-legged三條腿
retirement退休 income收入 stool糞便
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我們都還記得退休收入的三腳凳,
07:15
which哪一個 had the savings
and pension養老金 and social社會 security安全.
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它有儲蓄、退休金和社會福利。
07:21
Well, that stool糞便 has gone走了 wobbly搖擺不定.
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而那張凳子開始晃動了。
07:23
Take savings -- what savings?
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比如儲蓄——什麼儲蓄?
07:25
For many許多 families家庭,
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對許多家庭來說,
07:26
there's just nothing left to save保存
after the bills票據 have been paid支付.
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付完帳單就已無餘錢可供儲蓄了。
07:31
The pension養老金 leg of the stool糞便
has also gone走了 wobbly搖擺不定.
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凳子的「退休金」
那隻腳也開始晃動。
07:34
We can remember記得
when many許多 people had pensions養老金.
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我們還記得以前很多人有退休金。
07:36
Today今天 only 13 percent百分 of American美國 workers工人
are employed就業 by companies公司 that offer提供 them.
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現今美國只有 13% 的工作者
受僱於會支付他們退休金的公司。
07:43
So what did we get instead代替?
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那我們反而得到什麼?
07:44
We got 401(k)-type plans計劃
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我們得到了401(k) 的
退休福利計畫,
07:47
and suddenly突然 responsibility責任
for retirement退休 planning規劃 got shifted
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還突然把退休計畫的責任
從公司移轉到我們個人身上。
07:51
from our companies公司 to us.
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07:54
We got the reigns統治
but we also got the risk風險,
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我們得到了支配權,
但也得承擔風險,
07:57
and it turns out that millions百萬 of us
just aren't that good
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結果發現我們有
數百萬人在 40 年間
08:01
at voluntarily自行 investing投資 over 40 years年份.
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並非那麼擅長做自主性投資。
08:05
Millions百萬 of us just aren't that good
at managing管理的 market市場 risk風險.
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我們有數百萬人就是
不那麼擅長管理市場風險。
08:11
And really the numbers數字 tell the story故事.
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真的,數字會說話。
08:13
Half of all American美國 households
have no retirement退休 savings at all.
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半數的美國家庭完全沒有退休儲蓄。
08:19
That would be zero.
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那就是 0 存款。
08:20
No 401(k), no IRAIRA, not a dime十分錢.
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沒有401(k) 退休福利計畫、
沒有個人退休帳戶,一分錢都沒有。
08:23
Among其中 55-to--至-64-year-olds- 年的孩子
who do have a retirement退休 account帳戶,
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在 55 到 64 歲之間
確實有退休帳戶的人口中,
08:28
the median中位數 value of that account帳戶
is 104,000 dollars美元.
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存款的中位數是 104,000 美元。
08:33
Now, 104,000 dollars美元
does sound聲音 better than zero,
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104,000 美元聽起來
的確比 0 美元更好。
08:38
but as an annuity年金,
it generates生成 about 300 dollars美元.
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但作為退休年金,
它的月領金額大約是 300 美元。
08:42
I don't have to tell you
that you can't live生活 on that.
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不用我說,你們也知道
這錢不夠生活。
08:46
With savings down,
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隨著儲蓄下降,
08:48
pensions養老金 becoming變得 a relic遺跡 of the past過去
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退休金已經名存實亡,
08:51
and 401(k) plans計劃
failing失敗 millions百萬 of Americans美國人,
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而 401(k) 退休福利計畫
讓數百萬的美國人失望了,
08:55
many許多 near-retirees近退休人員
are dependent依賴的 on social社會 security安全
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許多快退休的人要仰賴社會福利
08:59
as their retirement退休 plan計劃.
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來當他們的退休計畫。
09:01
But here's這裡的 the problem問題.
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但問題來了。
09:03
Social社會 security安全 was never supposed應該
to be the retirement退休 plan計劃.
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社會福利從來就不應該
被當作退休計畫。
09:07
It's not nearly幾乎 enough足夠.
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它不夠,且還差得遠。
09:08
At best最好 it replaces取代
something like 40 percent百分
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它頂多能提供你
退休前 40% 薪資的金額。
09:11
of your pre-retirement退休前 income收入.
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1960
09:15
Things have changed a lot
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從 1935 年社會福利
開始施行之後,
09:17
from when social社會 security安全
was introduced介紹 back in 1935.
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世事發生了許多變化。
09:21
Then, a 21-year-old-歲 male
had a 50 percent百分 chance機會
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當年,21 歲的男性
有 50% 的機率
09:26
of living活的 until直到 he was 65.
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可以活到 65 歲。
09:29
So he retired退休 at 60,
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所以他 60 歲會退休,
09:32
did a little fishing釣魚,
kissed his grandkids孫子,
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去釣釣魚,親親他的孫子孫女,
09:34
got his gold watch --
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買一隻金錶——
09:36
he'd他會 be dead within five years年份
of receiving接收 benefits好處.
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在領了五年的福利金之後,
他就會死亡了。
09:40
That's not the pattern模式 today今天.
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現今的模式不是這樣的。
09:42
If you're in your late晚了
50s and in good health健康,
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如果你快要 60 歲
且健康狀況不錯,
09:45
you're going to live生活 easily容易
another另一個 20 or 25 years年份.
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4416
你很容易可以
再活個 20 到 25 年。
09:49
That's a really long time
to make ends結束 meet遇到
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如果這時你破產了,
你將有漫漫長路要去維持收支平衡。
09:52
if you are broke打破.
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09:54
So what's the play if you've landed登陸 here
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所以,如果你是在
50、55 或 60 歲
遇到這種情況,該怎麼做?
09:57
and you're 50 or 55 or 60?
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10:00
What's the play
if you don't want to land土地 here
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如果你現在是 22 或 32 歲,
10:04
and you're 22 or 32?
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不想淪落到這地步,又該怎麼做呢?
10:07
Here's這裡的 what I've learned學到了
from my own擁有 experience經驗.
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以下是我從自身經驗學到的。
10:10
The cavalry's騎兵的 not coming未來.
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沒有救兵會來救你。
10:12
There is no big rescue拯救,
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沒有什麼大救援,
10:14
no prince王子 charming迷人,
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沒有什麼白馬王子,
10:16
no big bailout救助 in the works作品.
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也沒有大型財務救濟計畫。
10:19
To have a shot射擊 at something other
than being存在 old and poor較差的 in America美國,
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在美國,若想要有機會
脫離又老又窮的狀態,
10:24
we're going to have to save保存
ourselves我們自己 and each other.
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3800
我們就得要拯救自己和彼此。
10:28
I've had to come out of the shadows陰影,
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4160
我已從陰影底下走出來,
10:34
stand here openly公然,
184
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3776
公開站在這裡,
10:37
and I'm inviting誘人的 you to do so as well.
185
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2976
我也邀請各位這麼做。
10:40
I'm not going to tell you
that it's not easy簡單.
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我不會告訴你們這不容易。
10:44
I ventured冒險 though雖然 to tell my story故事
187
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2816
我冒險說出我的故事
10:47
because I thought it would make it
a little easier更輕鬆 for people to tell theirs他們的.
188
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4616
是因為我認為這樣做能讓大家
較容易說出自己的故事。
10:51
I think it's only through通過
our strength強度 in numbers數字
189
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3176
我想也只能靠群聚眾人之力,
10:54
that we can begin開始 to change更改
the national國民 "la-la洛杉磯" conversation會話
190
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我們才能開始改變國家
針對這個退休危機
10:59
that we are having
on this retirement退休 crisis危機.
191
647600
3280
和我們所進行的「不切實際」對談。
11:03
With so many許多 of us shell-shocked見慣不驚
and adrift漂浮 about what has happened發生 to us,
192
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5136
鑒於我們對於所經歷過的事
都已感到身心俱疲和無所適從,
11:08
we're going to have to build建立 up
from the grassroots基層,
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因此我們得從根本開始建立起,
11:12
forming成型 what I think
are resilience彈性 circles.
194
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2936
形成我心中的恢復圈。
11:15
These are small groups
of people coming未來 together一起
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4216
恢復圈就是由人們組成的小群體,
11:19
to talk about what has happened發生 to them,
196
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3176
聚在一起談論發生在他們身上的事,
11:23
to share分享 resources資源 and information信息
197
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2416
分享資源和資訊
11:25
and to begin開始 to figure數字 out a way forward前鋒.
198
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2600
並開始找出能向前行的方法。
11:28
I believe from this base基礎
that we can find our voices聲音 again
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我相信在這個基礎之上,
我們就能再次為自己發聲
11:32
and sound聲音 the alarm報警 --
200
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1576
並敲響警鐘——
11:34
start開始 pushing推動 our institutions機構
and policymakers政策制定者
201
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4456
開始督促我們的機構和政策制定者,
11:39
to go hard on this retirement退休 crisis危機
with the urgency it deserves值得.
202
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努力處理這個具急迫性的退休危機。
11:43
In the meantime與此同時 --
203
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1456
同時——
11:45
and there is an "in the meantime與此同時" --
204
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2096
還有個「同時」——
11:47
we're going to have to adopt採用
a live-low-to-the-ground現場-低到地面 mindset心態,
205
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4856
我們得要有節儉度日的心態,
11:52
drastically大幅 cutting切割 back on our expenses花費.
206
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大大縮減我們的開銷。
11:55
And I don't mean
just living活的 within our means手段.
207
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我的意思並不只是量入為出。
12:00
A lot of people are already已經 doing that.
208
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很多人已經那麼做了。
12:04
What is called for now is to,
209
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在更深層的意義上,
12:07
in a much deeper更深 way,
210
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2296
現在需要做的,
12:09
ask ourselves我們自己 what it really means手段
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2296
是要問問我們自己,
擺脫物質束縛的人生真諦為何。
12:11
to live生活 a life
that is not defined定義 by things.
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12:15
I call it "smalling斯莫林 up."
213
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1720
我稱它是「簡約且具質感」。
12:18
Smalling斯莫林 up is figuring盤算 out
what you really need
214
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3576
簡質的生活就是要找出讓自己感到
12:22
to feel contented滿足 and grounded接地.
215
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3376
真正滿足和踏實的必要需求。
12:25
I have a friend朋友 who drives驅動器
really beat-up毆打, raggedy襤褸的 cars汽車,
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我有個朋友開著一台破銅爛鐵的車,
12:30
but he will scrimp節衣縮食 and save保存
15,000 dollars美元 at one point
217
738640
5656
但他省吃儉用,
直到存夠了 15,000 美元
12:36
to buy購買 a flute長笛
218
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1216
就去買一支長笛,
12:37
because music音樂 is
what really matters事項 to him.
219
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2240
因為音樂對他來說才是真正重要的。
12:40
He smalled亨利 up.
220
748920
1320
他過著簡約卻具質感的生活。
12:43
I've had to also let go
of magical神奇 thinking思維 --
221
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我也得拋開不切實際的想法——
12:45
this idea理念 that if I just
was patient患者 enough足夠
222
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3976
以為如果我能有足夠的耐心
12:49
and tightened收緊 my belt
223
757760
1256
並束緊腰帶,
12:51
that things would go back to normal正常.
224
759040
2376
一切就會回到以前的常態。
12:53
If I just sent發送 in one more CV簡歷
225
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4136
如果我再寄出一份簡歷表,
12:57
or applied應用的 to one more job工作 online線上
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3216
或是再上網多申請一個工作,
13:00
or attended出席 one more networking聯網 event事件
227
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或是再去參加一場人脈交流的活動,
13:03
that surely一定 I'd get the kind of job工作
I was used to having.
228
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那我肯定就可以找到
以前做的那種工作。
13:07
Surely一定 things would return返回 to normal正常.
229
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一切肯定就會回歸常軌。
13:10
The truth真相 is I'm not going back
and neither也不 are you.
230
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4896
事實是我回不去了,你們也一樣。
13:15
The normal正常 that we knew知道 is over.
231
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我們所知道的正常已經結束了。
13:19
In this new place地點 that we are,
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在我們現在所處的新階段,
13:21
we're going to be asked to do things
that we don't want to do.
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我們會被要求做我們不想做的事。
13:25
We're going to be asked
to take assignments任務
234
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要去接受那些我們認為
13:28
that we think are beneath下面
our station and our talent天賦
235
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3856
以我們的地位、才能和技藝來講,
實在是大材小用的工作。
13:31
and our skill技能.
236
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13:33
I have had to get off my throne王座.
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我得要離開我的寶座,放下身段。
13:36
Last year, a good friend朋友 of mine
asked me if I would help her
238
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去年,我的一位好友問我
13:40
with some organization組織 work.
239
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能不能幫她做些組織、籌畫的工作。
13:41
I assumed假定 she meant意味著 community社區 organizing組織
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我以為她指的是社區組織,
13:44
along沿 the lines of what
President主席 Obama奧巴馬 did in Chicago芝加哥.
241
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4096
就像歐巴馬總統在芝加哥做的一樣。
13:48
She meant意味著 organizing組織 somebody's某人的 closet壁櫥.
242
816600
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結果她指的是整理某人的儲藏室。
13:51
I said, "I'm not doing that."
243
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我說:「我不做那種事。」
13:53
She said, "Get off your throne王座.
Money is green綠色."
244
821040
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她說:「放下你的身段,
錢是『綠色』的。」
13:58
It's not easy簡單 being存在 part部分
of the advance提前 team球隊
245
826160
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成為先遣隊的一員
要開創出新時代的
工作和生活方式並不容易。
14:01
that is ushering迎來 in this new era時代
of work and living活的.
246
829920
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14:06
First is always hardest最難.
247
834160
1936
萬事起頭難。
14:08
First is before there are networks網絡
248
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因為是最先,所以還沒有支援網絡、
14:11
and pathways途徑 and role角色 models楷模 ...
249
839400
3376
通路以及典範……
14:14
before there are policies政策
and ways方法 to show顯示 us
250
842800
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還沒有政策,也沒有方法能告訴我們
14:20
how to go forward前鋒.
251
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如何向前行。
14:23
We're in the middle中間 of a seismic地震 shift轉移,
252
851040
3136
我們正處在一個重大改變當中,
14:26
and we're going to have to find
bridgework橋樑工程 to get us through通過.
253
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4280
我們得要找到度過難關的方法。
14:31
Bridgework橋樑工程 is what we do in the meantime與此同時;
254
859080
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這段時間我們所做的就是架橋工程;
14:33
bridgework橋樑工程 is what we do
255
861720
1536
當我們試圖在想出下一步時,
14:35
while we're trying
to figure數字 out what is next下一個.
256
863280
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這段過渡期我們所做的事
就是架橋工程。
14:38
Bridgework橋樑工程 is also
letting出租 go of this notion概念
257
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架橋工程也是要屏除掉
14:41
that our worth價值 and our value
depend依靠 on our income收入
258
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我們的價值是取決於
我們的收入、
頭銜及工作的謬誤。
14:45
and our titles標題 and our jobs工作.
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14:48
Bridgework橋樑工程 can look crazy or cool
depending根據 on how you were rolling壓延
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架橋工程看起來可能很瘋狂、
也可能很酷,
就看當你個人的財務危機來襲時,
你要如何應對。
14:52
when your personal個人 financial金融 crisis危機 hit擊中.
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14:55
I have friends朋友 with PhDs博士
who are working加工 at the Container容器 Store商店
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我有些有博士學位的友人
在連鎖大賣場工作
14:59
or driving主動 Uber尤伯杯 or LyftLyft,
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或是開優步、利夫特,
15:01
and then I have other friends朋友
who are partnering夥伴關係 with other boomers
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也有其他朋友和嬰兒潮的人,
15:05
and doing really cool
entrepreneurial創業 ventures企業.
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合夥做了很酷的創業投資。
15:09
Bridgework橋樑工程 doesn't mean that we don't want
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進行架橋工程並不表示我們不想要
建基在我們過去的職涯之上,
15:14
to build建立 on our past過去 careers職業生涯,
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15:16
that we don't want meaningful富有意義的 work.
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也不表示我們不想要
做有意義的工作。
15:19
We do.
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我們當然想要!
15:20
Bridgework橋樑工程 is what we do in the meantime與此同時
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架橋工程是在我們試圖
找出下一步該如何走時,
15:24
while we're figuring盤算 out what is next下一個.
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同時間所要做的事。
15:28
I've also learned學到了 to think
strategy戰略 not failure失敗
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我也學會了當我在處理
這些我不想做的事情時,
15:31
when I'm sort分類 of processing處理
all these things that I don't want to do.
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要認為這是權宜性的策略
而非意味著失敗。
15:37
And I say that that's an approach途徑
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我也希望能邀請
15:39
that I would invite邀請 you
to consider考慮 as well.
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各位考慮一下這個方法。
15:42
So if you need to move移動 in
with your brother哥哥 to make ends結束 meet遇到,
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如果你得要搬去和你的兄弟
一起住來讓收支平衡,
15:46
call him.
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就打電話給他。
15:48
If you need to take in a boarder邊境
to help you pay工資 your mortgage抵押
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如果你得要分租房間
來支付你的貸款
15:53
or pay工資 your rent出租,
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或支付你的房租,
15:55
do it.
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就去做。
15:56
If you need to get food餐飲 stamps郵票,
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如果你需要領食物券,
15:58
get the darn food餐飲 stamps郵票.
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946640
1936
就去領那天殺的食物券。
16:00
AARPAARP says only a third第三 of older舊的 adults成年人
who are eligible合格 actually其實 get them.
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美國退休人員協會說,只有 1/3
符合領食物券的長者會去領取。
16:07
Do what you need to do
to go another另一個 round回合.
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做你必須要做的,
讓你能再撐一回合。
16:11
Know that there are millions百萬 of us.
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要知道還有數百萬像我們這樣的人。
16:15
Come out of the shadows陰影.
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走出陰影。
16:17
Cut back,
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縮衣節食,
16:18
small up;
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過簡質的生活;
16:20
think strategy戰略, not failure失敗;
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把這當做是策略,而非失敗;
16:23
get off your throne王座
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放下你的身段,
16:25
and find the bridgework橋樑工程
to get your through通過 the lean times.
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找到過渡期的解決方案
讓你能撐過拮据的日子。
16:30
As a country國家, we have achieved實現 longevity長壽,
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我們這個國家已經
達成了長壽的目標,
16:34
investing投資 billions數十億 of dollars美元
in the diagnosis診斷, treatment治療
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投資數十億美元
在診斷、治療和管理疾病。
16:39
and management管理 of disease疾病.
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16:41
It's not enough足夠 to just live生活 a long time.
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光是活得久還不夠。
16:46
We want to live生活 well.
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我們也想要活得好。
16:48
We haven't沒有 invested投資 nearly幾乎 as much
in the physical物理 infrastructure基礎設施
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我們還沒有投資同等的錢
去做實體的基礎設施
16:54
to ensure確保 that that happens發生.
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來確保我們能活得好。
16:57
We need now a new way of thinking思維
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現在我們需要一種新的思考方式,
17:00
about what it means手段 to be old in America美國.
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想想在美國變老的意義為何。
17:04
And we need guidance指導
and ideas思路 about how to live生活
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我們需要指引和建議,
讓大家知道
如何運用適中的收入
來過具質感的生活。
17:10
a richly豐富地 textured紋理 life
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17:12
on a much more modest謙虛 income收入.
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17:15
So I am calling調用 on change更改 agents代理
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所以,我要號召改革人士
17:18
and social社會 entrepreneurs企業家,
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社會上的企業家、
17:20
artists藝術家 and elders長老
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藝術家和年長者們,
17:22
and impact碰撞 investors投資者.
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還有具影響力的投資者們。
17:23
I'm calling調用 on developers開發商
and disrupters顛覆者 of the status狀態 quo現狀.
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4641
我要號召發展者和現況改變者。
17:29
We need you to help us imagine想像
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我需要你們來協助我們,
17:33
how to invest投資 in the services服務
and products製品 and infrastructure基礎設施
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5455
設想如何在服務、產品
以及基礎設施上來投資,
17:39
that will support支持 our dignity尊嚴,
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以維護我們的尊嚴、
17:41
our independence獨立 and our well-being福利
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獨立性以及我們的福祉,
17:44
in these many許多, many許多 decades幾十年
that we're going to live生活.
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讓我們能在接下來的
幾十年都能活得更好。
17:49
My journey旅程 has taken採取 me
from a place地點 of fear恐懼 and shame恥辱
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我的旅程已經把我從
心存恐懼和羞恥
17:53
to one of humility謙遜 and understanding理解.
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帶到了謙卑和理解的境界。
17:56
I'm ready準備 now to link鏈接 shields盾牌 with others其他,
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現在我已經準備好
要和其他人聯手抵禦,
18:00
to fight鬥爭 this fight鬥爭,
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要打這場仗,
18:03
and I'm inviting誘人的 you to join加入 me.
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我也邀請各位加入我。
18:05
Thank you.
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謝謝。
18:07
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Lilian Chiu
Reviewed by SF Huang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elizabeth White - Author, advocate
Elizabeth White is an author and aging solutions advocate for older adults facing uncertain work and financial insecurity.

Why you should listen
When Elizabeth White could not find a book that met her needs during her own bout of long-term unemployment, she wrote it herself. She wrote it as a 62-year-old woman who has lived the stories she describes, and as a Harvard MBA, former retail entrepreneur and C-suite executive who never expected to land here.

Three years ago, White wrote an essay describing her own precarious financial situation and that of a number of her boomer age friends, all former high earners with advanced degrees. The essay was published online and within three days it had received over 11,000 likes and 1,000 comments. Many wrote to White directly sharing stories of hardship and struggle. The economics of aging was forcing them to abandon dreams of launching fulfilling second- and third-act careers to take part-time, low wage jobs to pay the bills. In their stories, White saw her own, and the idea of writing a book was born.

White's book, 55, Underemployed, and Faking Normal is about the millions of older Americans who, despite a history of career choice and decent incomes, are facing (often for the first time) the prospect of downward mobility in old age. Based on expert research and interviews with older adults, the book looks at the tools and strategies boomers can utilize to make sense of changed circumstances, better manage financial hardship and achieve a more inner-directed and satisfying life.
 
White's message is striking a chord. She is among a small but growing minority seeking to reframe the national conversation we're having on aging, work and retirement. White is a frequent guest blogger and speaker at conferences and workshops, and she has recently been named one of the top 50 influencers on aging in the country. Her essays and work have appeared in publications like Forbes, The Huffington Post, Next Avenue and The Washington Post. And she has been featured prominently in three segments on the PBS NewsHour.

More profile about the speaker
Elizabeth White | Speaker | TED.com