ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alain de Botton - Philosopher
Through his witty and literate books -- and his new School of Life -- Alain de Botton helps others find fulfillment in the everyday.

Why you should listen

It started in 1997, when Alain de Botton turned away from writing novels and instead wrote a touching extended essay titled How Proust Can Change Your Life, which became an unlikely blockbuster in the "self-help"category. His subsequent books take on some of the fundamental worries of modern life (am I happy? where exactly do I stand?), informed by his deep reading in philosophy and by a novelist's eye for small, perfect moments. His newest book is The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work.

In 2008, de Botton helped start the School of Life in London, a social enterprise determined to make learning and therapy relevant in today's uptight culture. His goal is (through any of his mediums) to help clients learn "how to live wisely and well."

More profile about the speaker
Alain de Botton | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2011

Alain de Botton: Atheism 2.0

Alain de Botton: Ateismo 2.0

Filmed:
2,872,847 views

Erligioaren zein alderdi dira ateoek (begirunez) bereganatu beharko lituzketeenak? Alain de Botton-ek "ateoentzako erlijioa" – Atesimo 2.0 – proposatzen du. Portaera erlijiosoak eta tradizioak uztartzen ditu gure gizabeharrak asetzeko; besteak beste, lotura, errituala eta haraindikotasuna.
- Philosopher
Through his witty and literate books -- and his new School of Life -- Alain de Botton helps others find fulfillment in the everyday. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
One of the most common ways of dividing the world
0
0
3000
Mundua banatzeko era arruntenetariko bat
00:18
is into those who believe
1
3000
2000
fededunen
00:20
and those who don't --
2
5000
2000
eta fedegabeen artean da,
00:22
into the religious and the atheists.
3
7000
3000
sinestunen eta ateoen artean.
00:25
And for the last decade or so,
4
10000
2000
Gutxi gorabehera azkenengo hamarkadan
00:27
it's been quite clear
5
12000
2000
oso argi geratu da
00:29
what being an atheist means.
6
14000
2000
ateo izateak zer esan nahi duen.
00:31
There have been some very vocal atheists
7
16000
3000
Ateo batzuek asko hitz egin dute
00:34
who've pointed out,
8
19000
2000
azpimarratuz
00:36
not just that religion is wrong,
9
21000
2000
erlijioa okerra ez ezik
00:38
but that it's ridiculous.
10
23000
2000
barregarria ere badela.
00:40
These people, many of whom have lived in North Oxford,
11
25000
3000
Pertsona horiek, asko Oxford iparraldean bizitakoak,
00:43
have argued --
12
28000
2000
hau esan dute --
00:45
they've argued that believing in God
13
30000
3000
argudiatu dute Jainkoagan sinestea
00:48
is akin to believing in fairies
14
33000
2000
lamietan sinestea bezala dela
00:50
and essentially that the whole thing
15
35000
2000
eta, funtsean, guztia
00:52
is a childish game.
16
37000
2000
haur-jolasa dela.
00:54
Now I think it's too easy.
17
39000
2000
Baina, uste dut errazegia dela.
00:56
I think it's too easy
18
41000
2000
Iruditzen zait errazegia dela
00:58
to dismiss the whole of religion that way.
19
43000
3000
erlijio osoa modu horretan baliogabetzea.
01:01
And it's as easy as shooting fish in a barrel.
20
46000
2000
Urmael batean arrantza egitea bezain erraza da.
01:03
And what I'd like to inaugurate today
21
48000
2000
Beraz, gaur hasiera eman nahiko nioke
01:05
is a new way of being an atheist --
22
50000
2000
ateo izateko era berri bati,
01:07
if you like, a new version of atheism
23
52000
3000
nahi baduzue, ateismo bertsio berriari;
01:10
we could call Atheism 2.0.
24
55000
3000
Ateismo 2.0 dei geniezaioke.
01:13
Now what is Atheism 2.0?
25
58000
2000
Zer da Ateismo 2.0?
01:15
Well it starts from a very basic premise:
26
60000
2000
Beno, oso premisa argi batetik abiatzen da:
01:17
of course, there's no God.
27
62000
3000
Noski, Jaungoikoa ez da existitzen.
01:20
Of course, there are no deities or supernatural spirits
28
65000
3000
Jakina, ez dago jainkorik, ezta izaki supernaturalik,
01:23
or angels, etc.
29
68000
2000
edo aingerurik ere.
01:25
Now let's move on; that's not the end of the story,
30
70000
3000
Baina egin dezagun aurrera; istorioa ez da hor amaitzen,
01:28
that's the very, very beginning.
31
73000
3000
hori, hasiera besterik ez da.
01:31
I'm interested in the kind of constituency
32
76000
3000
Interesatzen zaidan ateo taldeak
01:34
that thinks something along these lines:
33
79000
2000
ildo honetan pentsatzen du:
01:36
that thinks, "I can't believe in any of this stuff.
34
81000
2000
"Ezin dut halako ezertan sinetsi,
01:38
I can't believe in the doctrines.
35
83000
3000
Ezin dut erlijio-doktrinetan sinetsi,
01:41
I don't think these doctrines are right.
36
86000
2000
Ez dut uste doktrina horiek zuzenak direnik.
01:43
But," a very important but, "I love Christmas carols.
37
88000
4000
Baina" oso garrantzitsua "Gabonetako kantuak izugarria gustatzen zaizkit.
01:47
I really like the art of Mantegna.
38
92000
3000
Mantegna-ren artea izugarri gustatzen zait.
01:50
I really like looking at old churches.
39
95000
2000
Antzinako elizei begiratzea gustatzen zait.
01:52
I really like turning the pages of the Old Testament."
40
97000
3000
Itun Zaharraren orrialdeak pasatzea gustatzen zait".
01:55
Whatever it may be,
41
100000
2000
Dena dela ere,
01:57
you know the kind of thing I'm talking about --
42
102000
2000
badakizue zeri buruz ari naizen;
01:59
people who are attracted to the ritualistic side,
43
104000
2000
errituak bereganatu dituzten pertsonak;
02:01
the moralistic, communal side of religion,
44
106000
3000
erlijioaren alde morala eta komunala atsegin dutenak;
02:04
but can't bear the doctrine.
45
109000
2000
baina doktrinak jasan ezin dituztenak.
02:06
Until now, these people have faced a rather unpleasant choice.
46
111000
3000
Orain arte, pertsona horiek aukera ezeroso baten aurrean zeuden.
02:09
It's almost as though either you accept the doctrine
47
114000
3000
Edo doktrina onartu,
02:12
and then you can have all the nice stuff,
48
117000
2000
eta gustoko duzun guzti hori eskuratu,
02:14
or you reject the doctrine and
49
119000
2000
edo doktrinari uko egin eta
02:16
you're living in some kind of spiritual wasteland
50
121000
2000
basamortu espiritual moduko batean bizi
02:18
under the guidance of CNN and Walmart.
51
123000
2000
CNN eta Walmart-en gidaritzapean.
02:20
So that's a sort of tough choice.
52
125000
2000
Benetan dilema zaila da.
02:22
I don't think we have to make that choice.
53
127000
2000
Ez daukagu zertan bi hauen artean aukeratu beharrik.
02:24
I think there is an alternative.
54
129000
2000
Uste dut alternatiba bat badela.
02:26
I think there are ways --
55
131000
2000
Uste dut badirela bideak
02:28
and I'm being both very respectful and completely impious --
56
133000
3000
– errespetuz eta, aldi berean, lotsagabeki diot –
02:31
of stealing from religions.
57
136000
2000
erlijioengandik ideiak lapurtzeko.
02:33
If you don't believe in a religion,
58
138000
2000
Erlijio jakin batean sinesten ez badugu
02:35
there's nothing wrong with picking and mixing,
59
140000
2000
arazorik gabe, batetik eta bestetik gustokoa hartu eta
02:37
with taking out the best sides of religion.
60
142000
3000
nahastu genezake erlijioen alde onenak jasotzeko.
02:40
And for me, atheism 2.0
61
145000
2000
Nire ustez, Ateismo 2.0
02:42
is about both, as I say,
62
147000
2000
esan bezela,
02:44
a respectful and an impious way
63
149000
3000
errespetuz eta lotsarik gabe,
02:47
of going through religions and saying, "What here could we use?"
64
152000
3000
erlijioak aztertu eta, "Zer erabili dezakegu hontatik?" esatean datza.
02:50
The secular world is full of holes.
65
155000
2000
Mundu sekularra hutsunez beteta dago.
02:52
We have secularized badly, I would argue.
66
157000
3000
Txarto sekularizatu garela esango nuke.
02:55
And a thorough study of religion
67
160000
2000
Eta erlijioaren azterketa sakonetik
02:57
could give us all sorts of insights
68
162000
2000
ikasgai anitzak jaso ditzakegu
02:59
into areas of life that are not going too well.
69
164000
3000
hain ongi ez dihoazkigun bizitzaren eremu horietaz.
03:02
And I'd like to run through a few of these today.
70
167000
4000
Eta ikasketa horietako batzuk azaldu nahi nituzke gaur.
03:06
I'd like to kick off by looking at education.
71
171000
3000
Hezkuntzari begiratuz hasi nahi nuke.
03:09
Now education is a field
72
174000
2000
Hezkuntza eremuan
03:11
the secular world really believes in.
73
176000
2000
mundu sekularrak erabateko sinesmena du.
03:13
When we think about how we're going to make the world a better place,
74
178000
2000
Mundua nola hobetu pentsatzen jartzen garenean,
03:15
we think education; that's where we put a lot of money.
75
180000
3000
hezkuntza datorkigu burura; horretan jartzen dugu gure dirua.
03:18
Education is going to give us, not only commercial skills, industrial skills,
76
183000
3000
Hezkuntzak lanerako eta industriarako trebetasunak emateaz gain,
03:21
it's also going to make us better people.
77
186000
2000
pertsona hobeak izaten lagunduko digu.
03:23
You know the kind of thing a commencement address is, and graduation ceremonies,
78
188000
3000
Badakizue, hitzaldietan eta graduazio-zeremonietan,
03:26
those lyrical claims
79
191000
2000
halako aldarrikapen lirikoak izaten dira:
03:28
that education, the process of education -- particularly higher education --
80
193000
3000
hezkuntzak, hezkuntza-prozesuak -- bereziki, goi mailako hezkuntzak --
03:31
will make us into nobler and better human beings.
81
196000
3000
gizaki prestuago eta zintzoagoak egingo gaituela.
03:34
That's a lovely idea.
82
199000
2000
Ideia zoragarria da.
03:36
Interesting where it came from.
83
201000
2000
Jatorria ere interesgarria da.
03:38
In the early 19th century,
84
203000
2000
XIX. mendearen hasieran,
03:40
church attendance in Western Europe
85
205000
2000
Europa Mendebaldean elizara zihoan jende kopurua
03:42
started sliding down very, very sharply, and people panicked.
86
207000
3000
asko murriztu zen, oso denbora laburrean eta zenbait izutu egin ziren.
03:45
They asked themselves the following question.
87
210000
2000
Euren buruari zera galdetzen zioten:
03:47
They said, where are people going to find the morality,
88
212000
3000
Non aurkituko du jendeak moraltasuna,
03:50
where are they going to find guidance,
89
215000
2000
non topatuko dute aholkularitza,
03:52
and where are they going to find sources of consolation?
90
217000
2000
eta non aurkituko dituzte kontsolamendurako iturriak?
03:54
And influential voices came up with one answer.
91
219000
2000
Ahots boteretsuek orduan erantzun bateratua eman zuten.
03:56
They said culture.
92
221000
2000
Kultura proposatu zuten.
03:58
It's to culture that we should look
93
223000
2000
Kultura izango da oinarri
04:00
for guidance, for consolation, for morality.
94
225000
3000
aholkularitzarako, kontsolamendurako, moraltasunerako.
04:03
Let's look to the plays of Shakespeare,
95
228000
2000
Har ditzagun Shakespeare-en antzezlanak,
04:05
the dialogues of Plato, the novels of Jane Austen.
96
230000
3000
Platon-en elkarrizketak, Jane Austen-en eleberriak.
04:08
In there, we'll find a lot of the truths
97
233000
2000
Lan horietan egia asko aurkituko ditugu
04:10
that we might previously have found in the Gospel of Saint John.
98
235000
3000
lehenago San Joanen ebanjelioan aurkitzen genituen berberak agian.
04:13
Now I think that's a very beautiful idea and a very true idea.
99
238000
3000
Uste dut hau oso ideia polita dela eta egia da.
04:16
They wanted to replace scripture with culture.
100
241000
3000
Ebanjelioa kulturarekin ordezkatu nahi izan zuten.
04:19
And that's a very plausible idea.
101
244000
2000
Eta oso ideia onargarria da.
04:21
It's also an idea that we have forgotten.
102
246000
4000
Halaber, ahaztu dugun ideia bat ere bada.
04:25
If you went to a top university --
103
250000
2000
Unibertsitate ospetsuren batera joko bagenu --
04:27
let's say you went to Harvard or Oxford or Cambridge --
104
252000
2000
demagun Harvard, Oxford edo Cambridgera --
04:29
and you said, "I've come here
105
254000
2000
esanaz, "Hona etorri naiz
04:31
because I'm in search of morality, guidance and consolation;
106
256000
2000
moraltasunaren, aholkularitza eta kontsolamenduaren bila;
04:33
I want to know how to live,"
107
258000
2000
nola bizi jakin nahi dut,"
04:35
they would show you the way to the insane asylum.
108
260000
3000
eroetxerako bidea erakutsiko ligukete.
04:38
This is simply not what our grandest and best institutes of higher learning
109
263000
3000
Gure goi mailako hezkuntza-instituzioek
04:41
are in the business of.
110
266000
2000
ez dute horrelako lanik egiten.
04:43
Why? They don't think we need it.
111
268000
2000
Zergatik? Ez dute uste beharrezkoa denik.
04:45
They don't think we are in an urgent need of assistance.
112
270000
3000
Ez dute uste laguntza-premiarik daukagunik.
04:48
They see us as adults, rational adults.
113
273000
2000
Pertsona heldu arrazionaltzat jotzen gaituzte.
04:50
What we need is information.
114
275000
2000
Behar duguna informazioa da.
04:52
We need data, we don't need help.
115
277000
2000
Datuak behar ditugu, ez laguntzarik.
04:54
Now religions start from a very different place indeed.
116
279000
3000
Baina erlijioek bestelako abiapuntua dute.
04:57
All religions, all major religions,
117
282000
2000
Erlijio guztiek, erlijio nagusi guztiek
04:59
at various points call us children.
118
284000
3000
umetzat hartzen gaituzte.
05:02
And like children,
119
287000
2000
Eta ume garenez gero,
05:04
they believe that we are in severe need of assistance.
120
289000
2000
sinesten dute laguntza premian gaudela.
05:06
We're only just holding it together.
121
291000
2000
Doi doi eusten diogu gure buruari.
05:08
Perhaps this is just me, maybe you.
122
293000
2000
Agian hau nere irudipena soilik da, agian zurea ere bai.
05:10
But anyway, we're only just holding it together.
123
295000
3000
Baina doi doi eusten diogu gure buruari.
05:13
And we need help. Of course, we need help.
124
298000
2000
Eta laguntza behar dugu. Noski behar dugula.
05:15
And so we need guidance and we need didactic learning.
125
300000
3000
Baita aholkularitza eta ikaskuntza didaktikoa ere.
05:18
You know, in the 18th century in the U.K.,
126
303000
2000
XVIII. mendean, Erresuma Batuan,
05:20
the greatest preacher, greatest religious preacher, was a man called John Wesley,
127
305000
3000
erlijio sermolari onena John Wesley izeneko gizon bat zen,
05:23
who went up and down this country delivering sermons,
128
308000
3000
herria goitik behera zeharkatu zuen sermoiak ematen,
05:26
advising people how they could live.
129
311000
2000
jendeari nola bizi aholkatzen.
05:28
He delivered sermons on the duties of parents to their children
130
313000
2000
Gurasoen seme-alabekiko betebeharrei buruz sermoiak ematen zituen
05:30
and children to their parents,
131
315000
2000
baita seme-alaben gurasoekiko betebeharrez,
05:32
the duties of the rich to the poor and the poor to the rich.
132
317000
2000
aberatsen txiroekiko eta txiroen aberatsekiko betebeharrez.
05:34
He was trying to tell people how they should live
133
319000
2000
Jendeari nola bizi behar luketen esaten saiatu zen
05:36
through the medium of sermons,
134
321000
2000
sermoien bidez,
05:38
the classic medium of delivery of religions.
135
323000
3000
erlijioen ohiko komunikazio-metodoa.
05:41
Now we've given up with the idea of sermons.
136
326000
2000
Orain sermoien ideia guztiz arbuiatu dugu.
05:43
If you said to a modern liberal individualist,
137
328000
2000
Gaur egungo liberal indibidualista bati esango bagenio,
05:45
"Hey, how about a sermon?"
138
330000
2000
"Aizu, sermoi bat entzun nahi duzu?"
05:47
they'd go, "No, no. I don't need one of those.
139
332000
2000
erantzuna, "Ez, ez ,ez. Ez dut horrelakorik behar.
05:49
I'm an independent, individual person."
140
334000
2000
Pertsona gizabanakoa eta burujabea naiz."
05:51
What's the difference between a sermon
141
336000
2000
Zer alde dago sermoi bat
05:53
and our modern, secular mode of delivery, the lecture?
142
338000
3000
eta gaur egungo hitzaldiaren artean?
05:56
Well a sermon wants to change your life
143
341000
3000
Ba, sermoi batek zure bizitza aldatu nahi du
05:59
and a lecture wants to give you a bit of information.
144
344000
3000
eta hitzaldiak informazioa eman nahi dizu.
06:02
And I think we need to get back to that sermon tradition.
145
347000
3000
Eta nire ustez sermoiaren tradiziora bueltatu behar dugu.
06:05
The tradition of sermonizing is hugely valuable,
146
350000
2000
Sermoiak emateko tradizioa oso baliogarria da,
06:07
because we are in need of guidance,
147
352000
2000
aholkularitza beharrean garelako,
06:09
morality and consolation --
148
354000
2000
moraltasunaren eta kontsolamenduaren beharra ere --
06:11
and religions know that.
149
356000
2000
eta erlijioek badakite hori.
06:13
Another point about education:
150
358000
2000
Hezkuntzari buruz beste puntu bat:
06:15
we tend to believe in the modern secular world
151
360000
2000
Gure mundu sekularrean badugu sinesteko joera bat;
06:17
that if you tell someone something once, they'll remember it.
152
362000
3000
norbaiti zerbait behin esan eta gogoratuko duela.
06:20
Sit them in a classroom, tell them about Plato
153
365000
2000
Ikasgela batean esertzen ditugu, Platon-i buruz hitz egin
06:22
at the age of 20, send them out for a career in management consultancy for 40 years,
154
367000
3000
20 urterekin, enpresa kudeaketa-aholkularitzan 40 urtetako lanbidean bidali
06:25
and that lesson will stick with them.
155
370000
2000
eta ikasgai hura beti gogoan izango dute.
06:27
Religions go, "Nonsense.
156
372000
2000
Erlijioen iritziz, "Txorakeriak.
06:29
You need to keep repeating the lesson 10 times a day.
157
374000
3000
Ikasgaia egunean 10 bider errepikatu behar da.
06:32
So get on your knees and repeat it."
158
377000
2000
Beraz, belaunikatu eta errepikatu."
06:34
That's what all religions tell us:
159
379000
2000
Hau da erlijio guztiek esaten digutena:
06:36
"Get on you knees and repeat it 10 or 20 or 15 times a day."
160
381000
3000
"Belauniko jarri eta errepikatu egunean 10 edo 20 edo 15 bider."
06:39
Otherwise our minds are like sieves.
161
384000
2000
Gainontzean gure adimena bahe modukoa da.
06:41
So religions are cultures of repetition.
162
386000
2000
Beraz, erlijioak errepikapen kulturak dira.
06:43
They circle the great truths again and again and again.
163
388000
2000
Egia nagusiak behin eta berriz azpimarratzen dituzte.
06:45
We associate repetition with boredom.
164
390000
2000
Errepikapena aspertzearekin lotzen dugu.
06:47
"Give us the new," we're always saying.
165
392000
2000
"Erakutsi zer den berria", esan ohi dugu.
06:49
"The new is better than the old."
166
394000
2000
"Berria zaharra baino hobea da."
06:51
If I said to you, "Okay, we're not going to have new TED.
167
396000
2000
Esango banizue, "Ados, ez da TED saio berririk izango.
06:53
We're just going to run through all the old ones
168
398000
2000
Zaharrak errepikatu besterik ez dugu egingo
06:55
and watch them five times because they're so true.
169
400000
2000
eta 5 aldiz ikusiko ditugu guztiz egiazkoak direlako.
06:57
We're going to watch Elizabeth Gilbert five times
170
402000
3000
Elisabeth Gilbert-en saioa 5 aldiz ikusiko dugu
07:00
because what she says is so clever," you'd feel cheated.
171
405000
3000
esaten duena hain da azkarra", guztiz iruzurtuak sentituko zinatekete.
07:03
Not so if you're adopting a religious mindset.
172
408000
2000
Baina ez, ikuspuntu erlijiosoa hartuko bazenute.
07:05
The other things that religions do
173
410000
2000
Erlijioek egiten duten beste gauza bat
07:07
is to arrange time.
174
412000
2000
denbora antolatzea da.
07:09
All the major religions give us calendars.
175
414000
2000
Erlijio nagusi guztiek ematen dizkigute egutegiak.
07:11
What is a calendar?
176
416000
2000
Zer da egutegi bat?
07:13
A calendar is a way of making sure that across the year
177
418000
3000
Egutegi batek bermatzen du, urte osoan zehar
07:16
you will bump into certain very important ideas.
178
421000
3000
zenbait ideia oso garrantzitsu topatuko dituzuela.
07:19
In the Catholic chronology, Catholic calendar,
179
424000
3000
Kronologia katolikoan, egutegi katolikoan,
07:22
at the end of March you will think about St. Jerome
180
427000
2000
martxoaren amaieran, San Jeronimogan pentsatuko duzue
07:24
and his qualities of humility and goodness
181
429000
2000
eta bere apaltasun eta ontasun ezaugarrietan
07:26
and his generosity to the poor.
182
431000
2000
baita bere eskuzabaltasunean txiroekiko.
07:28
You won't do that by accident; you will do that because you are guided to do that.
183
433000
3000
Ez da kasualitatez gertatuko; hartara gidatuak izango zaretelako egingo duzue hori.
07:31
Now we don't think that way.
184
436000
2000
Gaur ez dugu horrela pentsatzen.
07:33
In the secular world we think, "If an idea is important, I'll bump into it.
185
438000
2000
Gure mundu sekularraren pentsakera: "Ideia garrantzitsua bada, ageriko egingo zaigu.
07:35
I'll just come across it."
186
440000
2000
Gure bidean topatuko dugu."
07:37
Nonsense, says the religious world view.
187
442000
2000
Txorakeriak, dio erlijioaren ikuspegiak.
07:39
Religious view says we need calendars, we need to structure time,
188
444000
3000
Erlijioaren ikuspegiak dio egutegiak behar ditugula, denbora antolatzu behar dugula,
07:42
we need to synchronize encounters.
189
447000
2000
topaketak sinkronizatu behar ditugu..
07:44
This comes across also
190
449000
2000
Hau, hein berean
07:46
in the way in which religions set up rituals
191
451000
2000
erlijioen errituetan ere gertatzen da
07:48
around important feelings.
192
453000
2000
garrantzi handiko sentimenduen inguruan.
07:50
Take the Moon. It's really important to look at the Moon.
193
455000
3000
Har dezagun Ilargia. Oso garrantzitsua da Ilargiari begiratzea.
07:53
You know, when you look at the Moon,
194
458000
2000
Zeren, Ilargia begiratzen dugunean,
07:55
you think, "I'm really small. What are my problems?"
195
460000
2000
pentsatzen dugu, "Ez gara ezer. Zein dira nire arazoak?"
07:57
It sets things into perspective, etc., etc.
196
462000
2000
Gauzak perspektiban ikusten dira eta abar eta abar.
07:59
We should all look at the Moon a bit more often. We don't.
197
464000
2000
Ilargiari maizago begiratu behar genioke. Baina ez dugu egiten.
08:01
Why don't we? Well there's nothing to tell us, "Look at the Moon."
198
466000
3000
Zergatik? Ezerk ez digulako "Begira ezazu Ilargia" esaten.
08:04
But if you're a Zen Buddhist in the middle of September,
199
469000
3000
Baina Zen budistak bagina irailaren erdian,
08:07
you will be ordered out of your home, made to stand on a canonical platform
200
472000
3000
etxetik irtetera behartuta egongo ginake, plataforma kanoniko baten gainean
08:10
and made to celebrate the festival of Tsukimi,
201
475000
2000
Tsukimi-ren jaialdia ospatzeko,
08:12
where you will be given poems to read
202
477000
2000
zein poema irakurri esango digute
08:14
in honor of the Moon and the passage of time
203
479000
2000
Ilargiaren eta denboraren iraganaren omenez
08:16
and the frailty of life that it should remind us of.
204
481000
2000
eta bizitzaren hauskortasuna gogoan izan dezagun.
08:18
You'll be handed rice cakes.
205
483000
2000
Arroz-opilak emango dizkigute.
08:20
And the Moon and the reflection on the Moon
206
485000
2000
Eta ilargia eta ilargiari buruzko gogoetak
08:22
will have a secure place in your heart.
207
487000
2000
zure bihotzean gordeko dira.
08:24
That's very good.
208
489000
2000
Oso ondo dago hori.
08:26
The other thing that religions are really aware of
209
491000
2000
Erlijioek oso ondo ikasia duten beste zerbait
08:28
is: speak well --
210
493000
2000
ondo hitz egitea da --
08:30
I'm not doing a very good job of this here --
211
495000
2000
lan kaskarra egiten ari naiz gaur --
08:32
but oratory, oratory is absolutely key to religions.
212
497000
3000
baina hizlaritza, hizlaritza funtsezkoa da erlijioentzat.
08:35
In the secular world, you can come through the university system and be a lousy speaker
213
500000
3000
Mundu sekularrean, Unibertsitatetik pasa zaitezke, hizlari kaxkarra izan
08:38
and still have a great career.
214
503000
2000
eta halere, lanbide aparta eduki.
08:40
But the religious world doesn't think that way.
215
505000
2000
Baina mundu erlijiosoak ez du horrela ikusten.
08:42
What you're saying needs to be backed up
216
507000
2000
Dioguna babesten jakin behar dugu,
08:44
by a really convincing way of saying it.
217
509000
2000
esateko modu sinesgarria erabiliz.
08:46
So if you go to an African-American Pentecostalist church
218
511000
2000
Eliza afroamerikar pentekostal batera joko bagenu
08:48
in the American South
219
513000
2000
Ameriketako hegoaldean
08:50
and you listen to how they talk,
220
515000
2000
eta haiek hitz egiten entzungo bagenitu
08:52
my goodness, they talk well.
221
517000
2000
bai Jauna, badakite hitz egiten!.
08:54
After every convincing point, people will go, "Amen, amen, amen."
222
519000
3000
Esaldi sinesgarri bakoitzaren ostean, jendeak "Amen, amen, amen" erantzuten dute.
08:57
At the end of a really rousing paragraph, they'll all stand up,
223
522000
2000
Eta paragrafo hunkigarri baten amaieran, zutitu egingo dira.
08:59
and they'll go, "Thank you Jesus, thank you Christ, thank you Savior."
224
524000
3000
"Mila esker Jesus, mila esker Kristo, mila esker Salbatzailea,"
09:02
If we were doing it like they do it --
225
527000
2000
Guk haien moduan egingo bagenu --
09:04
let's not do it, but if we were to do it --
226
529000
3000
ez dezagun egin, baina egingo bagenu --
09:07
I would tell you something like, "Culture should replace scripture."
227
532000
2000
Nik esango nuke, adibidez: "Kulturak eskriturak ordezkatu beharko lituzke."
09:09
And you would go, "Amen, amen, amen."
228
534000
2000
Eta zuek erantzungo zenukete, "Amen, amen, amen."
09:11
And at the end of my talk, you would all stand up
229
536000
2000
Eta nire hitzaldiaren amaieran, zutitu egingo zinatekete
09:13
and you would go, "Thank you Plato, thank you Shakespeare, thank you Jane Austen."
230
538000
2000
esanez, "Mila esker, Platon; mila esker, Shakespeare; mila esker, Jane Austen."
09:15
And we'd know that we had a real rhythm going.
231
540000
3000
Eta jakingo genuke erritmo on bat lortu dugula gure artean.
09:18
All right, all right. We're getting there. We're getting there.
232
543000
2000
Ondo, ondo. Gerturatzen ari gara. Gerturatzen ari gara.
09:20
(Applause)
233
545000
2000
(Txaloak)
09:22
The other thing that religions know is we're not just brains,
234
547000
2000
Erlijioek dakiten beste zerbait, adimena soilik ez garela da,
09:24
we are also bodies.
235
549000
2000
gorputzak ere bagarela.
09:26
And when they teach us a lesson,
236
551000
2000
Eta ikasgaia irakasten digutenean,
09:28
they do it via the body.
237
553000
2000
gorputzaren bidez egiten dute.
09:30
So for example,
238
555000
2000
Adibidez,
09:32
take the Jewish idea of forgiveness.
239
557000
2000
har dezagun Judutarren barkamen ideia,
09:34
Jews are very interested in forgiveness
240
559000
2000
Judutarrei asko interesatzen zaie barkamena
09:36
and how we should start anew and start afresh.
241
561000
2000
eta berriro nola hasi eta garbi nola hasi.
09:38
They don't just deliver us sermons on this.
242
563000
2000
Ez dizkigute sermoiak soilik ematen horri buruz.
09:40
They don't just give us books or words about this.
243
565000
2000
Ez digute liburuak edo hitzak soilik ematen horri buruz.
09:42
They tell us to have a bath.
244
567000
2000
Bainatzeko esaten digute.
09:44
So in Orthodox Jewish communities, every Friday you go to a Mikveh.
245
569000
3000
Beraz, Judutar Ortodoxoen komunitateetan, ostiralero Mikveh batera joaten dira.
09:47
You immerse yourself in the water,
246
572000
2000
Zure burua uran murgildu,
09:49
and a physical action backs up a philosophical idea.
247
574000
3000
eta ekintza fiisikoak ideia filosofikoa indartzen du.
09:52
We don't tend to do that.
248
577000
2000
Guk ez dugu horrelakorik egiten.
09:54
Our ideas are in one area and our behavior with our bodies is in another.
249
579000
3000
Gure ideiak eremu batean ditugu eta gure gorputzen portaera beste batean.
09:57
Religions are fascinating in the way they try and combine the two.
250
582000
2000
Erlijioak liluragarriak dira bi gauza hauek elkartzeko duten gaitasunagatik.
09:59
Let's look at art now.
251
584000
2000
Azter dezagun artea jarraian.
10:01
Now art is something that in the secular world,
252
586000
3000
Mundu sekularrean artea
10:04
we think very highly of. We think art is really, really important.
253
589000
3000
guztiz estimagarria dela uste dugu. Oso, oso garrantzitsua dela.
10:07
A lot of our surplus wealth goes to museums, etc.
254
592000
3000
Gure ondasunen soberakin asko museo eta abarretara doaz.
10:10
We sometimes hear it said
255
595000
2000
Noizean behin entzuten dugu
10:12
that museums are our new cathedrals, or our new churches.
256
597000
3000
museoak gure katedral edo eliza berriak direla.
10:15
You've heard that saying.
257
600000
2000
Entzungo zenuten hori, ziur.
10:17
Now I think that the potential is there,
258
602000
2000
Uste dut gaitasuna badutela,
10:19
but we've completely let ourselves down.
259
604000
2000
baina geure buruari kale egin diogu zeharo.
10:21
And the reason we've let ourselves down
260
606000
2000
Eta egoera horren arrazoia da
10:23
is that we're not properly studying
261
608000
2000
ez dugula behar bezala aztertu
10:25
how religions handle art.
262
610000
4000
erlijioek artea nola tratatzen duten.
10:29
The two really bad ideas that are hovering in the modern world
263
614000
3000
Mundu modernoaren inguruan dabiltza bi ideia txarrenak
10:32
that inhibit our capacity to draw strength from art:
264
617000
4000
eta artearen indarraz baliatzea eragozten digutenak:
10:36
The first idea is that art should be for art's sake --
265
621000
2000
Lehena, arteak musu-truk izan behar lukeela da --
10:38
a ridiculous idea --
266
623000
2000
benetan ideia barregarria --
10:40
an idea that art should live in a hermetic bubble
267
625000
2000
arteak burbuila itxian bizi beharko lukeela
10:42
and should not try to do anything with this troubled world.
268
627000
3000
eta ez lukeela ezer egin behar arazoz jositako mundu honekin.
10:45
I couldn't disagree more.
269
630000
2000
Guztiz aurka nago.
10:47
The other thing that we believe is that art shouldn't explain itself,
270
632000
3000
Sinesten dugun bigarren ideia da, arteak ez lukeela azalpenik eman behar,
10:50
that artists shouldn't say what they're up to,
271
635000
2000
artistek ez luketela zer darabilten azaldu behar,
10:52
because if they said it, it might destroy the spell
272
637000
2000
zeren, esango balute, lilura apur bailezake
10:54
and we might find it too easy.
273
639000
2000
eta errazegia dela pentsa baigenezake.
10:56
That's why a very common feeling when you're in a museum --
274
641000
2000
Horregatik, museo batean gaudenean oso sentimendu arrunta da --
10:58
let's admit it --
275
643000
2000
onar dezagun --
11:00
is, "I don't know what this is about."
276
645000
2000
"Ez dakit hau zeri buruz den"
11:02
But if we're serious people, we don't admit to that.
277
647000
2000
Baina oso pertsona serioak bagara, ez dugu inoiz onartuko.
11:04
But that feeling of puzzlement is structural
278
649000
3000
Baina harridura sentsazio hori guztiz oinarrizkoa da
11:07
to contemporary art.
279
652000
3000
arte garaikidearekin.
11:10
Now religions have a much saner attitude to art.
280
655000
2000
Erlijioek artearekin erlazio sanoagoa daukate.
11:12
They have no trouble telling us what art is about.
281
657000
2000
Ez daukate arazorik artea zertaz den adierazteko.
11:14
Art is about two things in all the major faiths.
282
659000
2000
Fede nagusietan arteak bi gauzekin du zerikusia.
11:16
Firstly, it's trying to remind you
283
661000
2000
Lehenenik eta behin, saiatzen da gogorarazten
11:18
of what there is to love.
284
663000
2000
zer maitatu dezakegun.
11:20
And secondly, it's trying to remind you
285
665000
2000
Eta bigarrenik, saiatzen da gogorarazten
11:22
of what there is to fear and to hate.
286
667000
2000
zeri beldur edo gorroto izan behar geniokeen.
11:24
And that's what art is.
287
669000
2000
Horixe da artea.
11:26
Art is a visceral encounter with the most important ideas of your faith.
288
671000
3000
Artea gure sinesmen nagusienekin barne topaketa bat da
11:29
So as you walk around a church,
289
674000
2000
Beraz, eliza baten barnean gabiltzenean
11:31
or a mosque or a cathedral,
290
676000
2000
edo mezkita batean edo katedral batean,
11:33
what you're trying to imbibe, what you're imbibing is,
291
678000
2000
surgatzen ari gara, nahita edo nahi gabe,
11:35
through your eyes, through your senses,
292
680000
2000
begietatik eta zentzumen guztietatik barneratuz
11:37
truths that have otherwise come to you through your mind.
293
682000
2000
bestela adimenaren bidez jaso ditugun egia horiek.
11:39
Essentially it's propaganda.
294
684000
2000
Funtsean, propaganda da.
11:41
Rembrandt is a propagandist
295
686000
2000
Rembrandt propagandista bat da
11:43
in the Christian view.
296
688000
2000
Kirstautasunaren ikuspegitik.
11:45
Now the word "propaganda" sets off alarm bells.
297
690000
2000
Baina "propaganda" hitzak urduritzen gaitu.
11:47
We think of Hitler, we think of Stalin. Don't, necessarily.
298
692000
2000
Hitler, Stalin gogorarazten digu. Ez derrigorrean.
11:49
Propaganda is a manner of being didactic in honor of something.
299
694000
3000
Propaganda zerbaiten izenean didaktikoa izateko modu bat da.
11:52
And if that thing is good, there's no problem with it at all.
300
697000
3000
Eta zerbait hori ona bada, ez dago arazorik propagandarekin.
11:55
My view is that museums should take a leaf out of the book of religions.
301
700000
4000
Uste dut museoek erlijio-liburuetatik ikasgaia hau hartu behar dutela.
11:59
And they should make sure that when you walk into a museum --
302
704000
2000
Ziurtatu behar lukete, museo batera sartzen garenean –
12:01
if I was a museum curator,
303
706000
2000
museo arduraduna banintz,
12:03
I would make a room for love, a room for generosity.
304
708000
3000
gela bat maitasunarentzat egingo nuke, bestea eskuzabaltasunarentzat.
12:06
All works of art are talking to us about things.
305
711000
2000
Artelan guztiek zerbaiti buruz hitz egiten digute,
12:08
And if we were able to arrange spaces
306
713000
2000
Eta espazioak antolatu ahal izango bagenitu
12:10
where we could come across works
307
715000
2000
non artelanak aurki ditzakegun,
12:12
where we would be told, use these works of art
308
717000
2000
non artelan horien bidez ikasgaiak jaso ditzakegun,
12:14
to cement these ideas in your mind,
309
719000
2000
gure adimenean ideia horiek finkatzeko,
12:16
we would get a lot more out of art.
310
721000
2000
artetik probetxu gehiago aterako genuke.
12:18
Art would pick up the duty that it used to have
311
723000
3000
Arteak bete ohi zuen funtzioa berreskuratuko luke
12:21
and that we've neglected because of certain mis-founded ideas.
312
726000
3000
hots, oinarri eskaseko ideia batzuengatik baztertu dugun funtzio bat.
12:24
Art should be one of the tools
313
729000
2000
Arteak gizartea hobetzeko erremintetako bat
12:26
by which we improve our society.
314
731000
2000
izan behar luke.
12:28
Art should be didactic.
315
733000
3000
Arteak didaktikoa izan behar luke.
12:31
Let's think of something else.
316
736000
2000
Azter dezagun beste gai bat.
12:33
The people in the modern world, in the secular world,
317
738000
2000
Mundu modernoan, gure mundu sekularrean,
12:35
who are interested in matters of the spirit,
318
740000
2000
espiritu gaietan interesa duten pertsonak,
12:37
in matters of the mind,
319
742000
2000
adimenaren gaietan,
12:39
in higher soul-like concerns,
320
744000
3000
arima moduko gai gorenetan,
12:42
tend to be isolated individuals.
321
747000
2000
pertsona bakartiak izan ohi dira.
12:44
They're poets, they're philosophers, they're photographers, they're filmmakers.
322
749000
3000
Poetak, filosofoak, argazkilariak, zinemagileak dira.
12:47
And they tend to be on their own.
323
752000
2000
Eta bakarrik ibiltzeko joera dute.
12:49
They're our cottage industries. They are vulnerable, single people.
324
754000
3000
Artisau-industriak dira. Pertsona sentiberak eta bakanak dira.
12:52
And they get depressed and they get sad on their own.
325
757000
2000
Eta erraz deprimitzen eta goibeltzen dira beren kasa.
12:54
And they don't really change much.
326
759000
2000
Eta ez dute ezer askorik aldatzen.
12:56
Now think about religions, think about organized religions.
327
761000
2000
Orain, pentsa dezagun erlijio antolatuetan.
12:58
What do organized religions do?
328
763000
2000
Zer egiten dute erlijio antolatuek?
13:00
They group together, they form institutions.
329
765000
3000
Taldeak sortzen dituzte, instituzioak sortzen dituzte.
13:03
And that has all sorts of advantages.
330
768000
2000
Eta horrek mota askotako abaintalak ditu.
13:05
First of all, scale, might.
331
770000
3000
Lehenik eta behin, eskala, indarra.
13:08
The Catholic Church pulled in 97 billion dollars last year
332
773000
3000
Eliza katolikoak US$ 97.000 milioi eskuratu zituen iaz
13:11
according to the Wall Street Journal.
333
776000
2000
Wall Street Journal egunkariaren arabera.
13:13
These are massive machines.
334
778000
2000
Makina erraldoiak dira.
13:15
They're collaborative, they're branded, they're multinational,
335
780000
3000
Elkarrekin lan egiten dute, multinazionalak dira, marka dute
13:18
and they're highly disciplined.
336
783000
2000
eta oso diziplinatuak dira.
13:20
These are all very good qualities.
337
785000
2000
Oso ezaugarri onak dira horiek.
13:22
We recognize them in relation to corporations.
338
787000
2000
Enpresekin lotuta ezagutzen ditugun ezaugarriak.
13:24
And corporations are very like religions in many ways,
339
789000
2000
Eta enpresek erlijioekin antzekotasuna ere badute
13:26
except they're right down at the bottom of the pyramid of needs.
340
791000
2000
nahiz eta beharren piramidearen oinarrian dauden.
13:28
They're selling us shoes and cars.
341
793000
2000
Zapatak eta kotxeak saltzen dizkigute.
13:30
Whereas the people who are selling us the higher stuff --
342
795000
2000
Gai gorenak saltzen dizkigun jendea –
13:32
the therapists, the poets --
343
797000
2000
terapeutak, poetak –
13:34
are on their own and they have no power,
344
799000
2000
bakarrik eta botererik gabe dauden bitartean,
13:36
they have no might.
345
801000
2000
ez daukate indarrik.
13:38
So religions are the foremost example
346
803000
3000
Beraz, erligioak dira adimenaren gaien alde
13:41
of an institution that is fighting for the things of the mind.
347
806000
3000
borrokatzen duen instituzio baten adibiderik onena.
13:44
Now we may not agree with what religions are trying to teach us,
348
809000
3000
Agian ez gatoz bat irakatsi nahi digutenarekin,
13:47
but we can admire the institutional way
349
812000
2000
baina euren lanerako modu instituzionala
13:49
in which they're doing it.
350
814000
2000
goretsi dezakegu.
13:51
Books alone, books written by lone individuals,
351
816000
3000
Liburuek bakarrik, pertsona bakartiek idatzitako liburuek,
13:54
are not going to change anything.
352
819000
2000
ez dute gauza askorik aldatuko.
13:56
We need to group together.
353
821000
2000
Bildu egin behar dugu.
13:58
If you want to change the world, you have to group together, you have to be collaborative.
354
823000
3000
Mundua aldatu nahi badugu, bildu eta elkarrekin lan behar dugu.
14:01
And that's what religions do.
355
826000
2000
Horrela egiten dute erlijioek.
14:03
They are multinational, as I say,
356
828000
2000
Multinazionalak dira, lehen aipatu dudan bezala,
14:05
they are branded, they have a clear identity,
357
830000
3000
marka eta nortasun argia dituzte,
14:08
so they don't get lost in a busy world.
358
833000
2000
eta ez dira saturatutako mundu honetan galtzen.
14:10
That's something we can learn from.
359
835000
2000
Hori ikasi behar genuke.
14:12
I want to conclude.
360
837000
2000
Amaitu nahi nuke.
14:14
Really what I want to say
361
839000
2000
Benetan esan nahi dudana
14:16
is for many of you who are operating in a range of different fields,
362
841000
3000
esparru anitzetan lanean zabiltzatenontzat da,
14:19
there is something to learn from the example of religion --
363
844000
3000
erlijioen adibidetik zerbait ikas daitekeela –
14:22
even if you don't believe any of it.
364
847000
3000
esaten duten ezer sinetsi ez arren.
14:25
If you're involved in anything that's communal,
365
850000
2000
Auzolan moduke zerbaitetan aritzen bazarete,
14:27
that involves lots of people getting together,
366
852000
2000
jende askorekin elkarlanean aritzen bazarete,
14:29
there are things for you in religion.
367
854000
2000
erlijian gauza erabilgarriak aurki ditzakezue.
14:31
If you're involved, say, in a travel industry in any way,
368
856000
3000
Adibidez, bidaia-industrian aritzen bazarete,
14:34
look at pilgrimage.
369
859000
2000
begira iezaiozue erromesaldiei.
14:36
Look very closely at pilgrimage.
370
861000
2000
Begiratu arretaz erromesaldiak.
14:38
We haven't begun to scratch the surface
371
863000
2000
Bidaia izan daitekeenaren gainazala
14:40
of what travel could be
372
865000
2000
urratu besterik ez dugu egin
14:42
because we haven't looked at what religions do with travel.
373
867000
2000
erlijioek bidaiekin zer egin duten ez dugulako aztertu.
14:44
If you're in the art world,
374
869000
2000
Artearen munduan aritzen bazarete
14:46
look at the example of what religions are doing with art.
375
871000
2000
begira ezazue erlijioen adibidea artean.
14:48
And if you're an educator in any way,
376
873000
3000
Eta nolabaiteko hezitzaileak bazarete
14:51
again, look at how religions are spreading ideas.
377
876000
3000
berdin, begira ezazue erlijioek nola hedatzen dituzten sinesmenak.
14:54
You may not agree with the ideas,
378
879000
2000
Agian ez zarete ideiekin ados egongo
14:56
but my goodness, they're highly effective mechanisms for doing so.
379
881000
3000
baina, bai Jauna, oso mekanismo erangikorrak dira.
14:59
So really my concluding point
380
884000
2000
Beraz, nire azken puntua da
15:01
is you may not agree with religion,
381
886000
2000
agian gatoz erlijioekin bat,
15:03
but at the end of the day,
382
888000
2000
baina azken finean,
15:05
religions are so subtle, so complicated,
383
890000
2000
erlijioak hain dira zuhur eta konplexuak
15:07
so intelligent in many ways
384
892000
2000
hain dira burutsuak arlo askotan,
15:09
that they're not fit to be abandoned to the religious alone;
385
894000
3000
ez liratekela erlijiosoen eskuetan soilik utzi behar;
15:12
they're for all of us.
386
897000
2000
baliagarriak dira guztiontzat.
15:14
Thank you very much.
387
899000
2000
Mila esker.
15:16
(Applause)
388
901000
17000
(Txaloak)
15:33
Chris Anderson: Now this is actually a courageous talk,
389
918000
2000
Chris Anderson: Beno, hau solasaldi ausarta da benetan,
15:35
because you're kind of setting up yourself in some ways
390
920000
2000
zeren, nolabait zure burua agerian uzten ari zara
15:37
to be ridiculed in some quarters.
391
922000
2000
zenbait lekutan barregarri jar zaitzaten arriskuan.
15:39
AB: You can get shot by both sides.
392
924000
2000
AB: Bi aldeetatik jo zaitzakete.
15:41
You can get shot by the hard-headed atheists,
393
926000
2000
Ateo amorratuek jo zaitzakete
15:43
and you can get shot by those who fully believe.
394
928000
3000
baita sinesle amorratuek ere.
15:46
CA: Incoming missiles from North Oxford at any moment.
395
931000
2000
CA: Berehala Oxford Iparraldetik misilak ailegatuko dira.
15:48
AB: Indeed.
396
933000
2000
AB: Horrela da, bai.
15:50
CA: But you left out one aspect of religion
397
935000
3000
CA: Baina bada erlijioaren aspektu bat saihestu duzuna
15:53
that a lot of people might say
398
938000
2000
eta, jende askok esango du agian
15:55
your agenda could borrow from,
399
940000
2000
zure diskurtsoak gehitu zenezakela,
15:57
which is this sense --
400
942000
2000
hau da, zentzu hori –
15:59
that's actually probably the most important thing to anyone who's religious --
401
944000
2000
baliteke sinesdun batentzako garrantzitsuena izatea –
16:01
of spiritual experience,
402
946000
2000
esperientzia esperitual baten zentzua,
16:03
of some kind of connection
403
948000
2000
norbera baino handiagoa den
16:05
with something that's bigger than you are.
404
950000
2000
zerbaitekin konexio moduko bat.
16:07
Is there any room for that experience in Atheism 2.0?
405
952000
3000
Ba al da lekurik Ateismo 2.0-an esperientzia horietarako?
16:10
AB: Absolutely. I, like many of you, meet people
406
955000
3000
AB: Noski baietz. Nik, zuetako asko bezala, topatu naiz
16:13
who say things like, "But isn't there something bigger than us,
407
958000
3000
honen moduko zerbait diotenekin, "Ez al da gu baino handiago den zerbait,
16:16
something else?"
408
961000
2000
beste zerbait?"
16:18
And I say, "Of course." And they say, "So aren't you sort of religious?"
409
963000
3000
Nere erantzuna, "Bai noski". Eta beraiek orduan, "Beraz, ez al zara zu ere erlijiosoa?"
16:21
And I go, "No." Why does that sense of mystery,
410
966000
3000
Orduan, nik, "Ez". Zergatik da misterio sentsazio hori,
16:24
that sense of the dizzying scale of the universe,
411
969000
3000
unibertsoaren eskala zorabiagarri hori sentitzea,
16:27
need to be accompanied by a mystical feeling?
412
972000
3000
zentzu mistiko batekin uztartuta aurkeztu beharra?
16:30
Science and just observation
413
975000
2000
Zientziak eta behaketa soilak
16:32
gives us that feeling without it,
414
977000
2000
sentsazio hori eragiten digute mistikotasunik gabe
16:34
so I don't feel the need.
415
979000
2000
beraz, ez dut beharrik sentitzen.
16:36
The universe is large and we are tiny,
416
981000
2000
Unibertsoa erraldoia da eta guk txiki-txikiak,
16:38
without the need for further religious superstructure.
417
983000
4000
ez da superestruktura erlijiosoen beharrik hortaz jabetzeko.
16:42
So one can have so-called spiritual moments
418
987000
2000
Batek "momentu espiritualak" izan ditzake
16:44
without belief in the spirit.
419
989000
2000
espirituan sinetsi gabe.
16:46
CA: Actually, let me just ask a question.
420
991000
2000
CA: Galdera bat egin nahi nizuke.
16:48
How many people here would say
421
993000
2000
Zure ustez hemengo zenbatentzat
16:50
that religion is important to them?
422
995000
2000
da erlijioa garrantzi handikoa?
16:54
Is there an equivalent process
423
999000
3000
Ba al da jorratu duzun gaia eta
16:57
by which there's a sort of bridge
424
1002000
2000
haiei esango zeniekearen artean
16:59
between what you're talking about and what you would say to them?
425
1004000
3000
zubitzat egin dezaken prozesu baliokederen bat?
17:02
AB: I would say that there are many, many gaps in secular life
426
1007000
2000
AB: Bizitza sekularrean hutsune ugari daudela esango nuke
17:04
and these can be plugged.
427
1009000
2000
baina bete daitezke.
17:06
It's not as though, as I try to suggest,
428
1011000
2000
Nik helarazi nahi nukeena da, ez dela
17:08
it's not as though either you have religion
429
1013000
2000
erlijioan barneratzen denak
17:10
and then you have to accept all sorts of things,
430
1015000
2000
bertako gauza guztiak onartu behar dituela,
17:12
or you don't have religion
431
1017000
2000
edo erlijiorik ez duenak
17:14
and then you're cut off from all these very good things.
432
1019000
3000
gauza on guzti horiek gabe geratzen denik.
17:17
It's so sad that we constantly say,
433
1022000
3000
Tristea da eten gabe dioguna,
17:20
"I don't believe so I can't have community,
434
1025000
2000
"Ez dut sinesten, beraz, ezin dut komunitaterik izan,
17:22
so I'm cut off from morality,
435
1027000
2000
beraz, moraltasunetik kanpo nago,
17:24
so I can't go on a pilgrimage."
436
1029000
2000
eta ez naiteke erromesaldi batera joan ".
17:26
One wants to say, "Nonsense. Why not?"
437
1031000
2000
Erantzun nahiko nieke, "Txorakeriak. Zergatik ez?"
17:28
And that's really the spirit of my talk.
438
1033000
2000
Horixe da nire hitzaldiaren zentzua.
17:30
There's so much we can absorb.
439
1035000
2000
Gauza asko guregana ditzakegu.
17:32
Atheism shouldn't cut itself off from the rich sources of religion.
440
1037000
3000
Ateismoak ez dio erlijioaren iturri oparoei uko egin behar.
17:35
CA: It seems to me that there's plenty of people in the TED community
441
1040000
3000
CA: Iruditzen zait, TED komunitatean jende asko dagoela
17:38
who are atheists.
442
1043000
2000
ateo direnak.
17:40
But probably most people in the community
443
1045000
2000
Baina ziurrenik komunitateko gehienek ez dute uste
17:42
certainly don't think that religion is going away any time soon
444
1047000
3000
erlijioak epe laburrean desagertuko direnik
17:45
and want to find the language
445
1050000
2000
eta hizketa konstruktibo bat izateko
17:47
to have a constructive dialogue
446
1052000
3000
hizkuntza aurkitu nahiko dute
17:50
and to feel like we can actually talk to each other
447
1055000
2000
elkarrekin hitz egin ahal izateko gai garela sentitzeko
17:52
and at least share some things in common.
448
1057000
2000
eta gutxienez zenbait gauza elkarbanatzeko.
17:54
Are we foolish to be optimistic
449
1059000
2000
Inozoak al gara modu baikorrean ikusten dugunok
17:56
about the possibility of a world
450
1061000
2000
badela aukerarik, mundu batentzat
17:58
where, instead of religion being the great rallying cry
451
1063000
3000
non, erlijioa zaiketa eta gatazken guda-ohiua izan ordez
18:01
of divide and war,
452
1066000
2000
zubi moduko bat
18:03
that there could be bridging?
453
1068000
2000
izan daitekeen?
18:05
AB: No, we need to be polite about differences.
454
1070000
3000
AB: Ez, desberdintasunekiko adeitsu izan behar dugu.
18:08
Politeness is a much-overlooked virtue.
455
1073000
2000
Adeitasuna aintzakotzat hartzen ez den birtutea da.
18:10
It's seen as hypocrisy.
456
1075000
2000
Batzuek hipokrisia deitzen dute.
18:12
But we need to get to a stage when you're an atheist
457
1077000
2000
Baina iritsi beharko da unea, ateoa den norbaiti
18:14
and someone says, "Well you know, I did pray the other day,"
458
1079000
3000
beste batek "Aizu, lehengoan otoitz egin nuen" esaten dionean
18:17
you politely ignore it.
459
1082000
2000
ateoak adeitasunez ez entzuna egin
18:19
You move on.
460
1084000
2000
eta aurrera egin dezakeena.
18:21
Because you've agreed on 90 percent of things,
461
1086000
3000
Ideien %90a partekatzen dugulako,
18:24
because you have a shared view on so many things,
462
1089000
2000
ikuspuntu bera daukagulako gai askotan,
18:26
and you politely differ.
463
1091000
2000
eta adeitasunez, beste modu batera pentsatzen dugu.
18:28
And I think that's what the religious wars of late have ignored.
464
1093000
4000
Uste dut azkenaldiko guda erlijiosoek hori ez dutela ikusi.
18:32
They've ignored the possibility of harmonious disagreement.
465
1097000
3000
Ez dute ikusten jakin, desadostasun armoniko baten aukera.
18:36
CA: And finally, does this new thing that you're proposing
466
1101000
2000
CA: Amaitzeko, proposatutako gauza berri honek,
18:38
that's not a religion but something else,
467
1103000
2000
erlijioa ez dena baizik beste zerbait dena,
18:40
does it need a leader,
468
1105000
2000
buruzagia behar al du?
18:42
and are you volunteering to be the pope?
469
1107000
2000
eta zeure burua "aita santu" izateko eskaintzen ari al zara?
18:44
(Laughter)
470
1109000
2000
(Algarak)
18:46
AB: Well, one thing that we're all very suspicious of
471
1111000
2000
AB: Beno, mesfidantza sortzen digun zerbait bada
18:48
is individual leaders.
472
1113000
2000
banakakoen buruzagiak dira.
18:50
It doesn't need it.
473
1115000
2000
Honek ez du beharrik.
18:52
What I've tried to lay out is a framework
474
1117000
2000
Estruktura aurkezten ahalegindu naiz
18:54
and I'm hoping that people can just fill it in.
475
1119000
3000
eta espero dut jendeak beteko duela.
18:57
I've sketched a sort of broad framework.
476
1122000
2000
Estruktura orokor baten zirriborroa egin dut.
18:59
But wherever you are, as I say, if you're in the travel industry, do that travel bit.
477
1124000
3000
Baina, esan bezala, zuen eremua dena dela ere, bidaiagintzan diharduenak, egin dezala bidaien zati hori.
19:02
If you're in the communal industry, look at religion and do the communal bit.
478
1127000
3000
Auzolangintzan dabilenak, begira dezala erlijioa eta egin dezala auzolanaren zatia.
19:05
So it's a wiki project.
479
1130000
2000
Beraz, wiki proiektu bat da.
19:07
(Laughter)
480
1132000
2000
(Algarak)
19:09
CA: Alain, thank you for sparking many conversations later.
481
1134000
3000
CA: Alain, mila esker etorriko diren solasaldi ugariak piztu izanagatik.
19:12
(Applause)
482
1137000
3000
(Txaloak)
Translated by Alvaro Moya
Reviewed by Nagore Salaberria

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alain de Botton - Philosopher
Through his witty and literate books -- and his new School of Life -- Alain de Botton helps others find fulfillment in the everyday.

Why you should listen

It started in 1997, when Alain de Botton turned away from writing novels and instead wrote a touching extended essay titled How Proust Can Change Your Life, which became an unlikely blockbuster in the "self-help"category. His subsequent books take on some of the fundamental worries of modern life (am I happy? where exactly do I stand?), informed by his deep reading in philosophy and by a novelist's eye for small, perfect moments. His newest book is The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work.

In 2008, de Botton helped start the School of Life in London, a social enterprise determined to make learning and therapy relevant in today's uptight culture. His goal is (through any of his mediums) to help clients learn "how to live wisely and well."

More profile about the speaker
Alain de Botton | Speaker | TED.com