TED2012
Susan Cain: The power of introverts
Susan Cain: Snaga introverta
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U kulturi gdje se društvenost i druželjubivost cijene iznad svega može biti teško, ponekad čak i sramotno biti introvertom. Ali, kako se i Susan Cain zalaže u ovom strastvenom govoru, introverti pridonose svijetu iznimnim talentima i mogućnostima te bi ih trebalo ohrabrivati i vrednovati.
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionary
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone. Full bio
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
When I was nine years old
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Kada sam imala devet godina
00:17
I went off to summer camp for the first time.
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po prvi puta sam otišla u ljetni kamp.
00:19
And my mother packed me a suitcase
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Moja majka mi je spakirala kovčeg
00:21
full of books,
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pun knjiga
00:23
which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.
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što je meni bilo nešto sasvim normalno,
00:25
Because in my family,
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jer u mojoj obitelji,
00:27
reading was the primary group activity.
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čitanje je glavna grupna djelatnost.
00:30
And this might sound antisocial to you,
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To bi vam možda moglo zvučati nedruštveno,
00:32
but for us it was really just a different way of being social.
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ali za nas to je bio drugi način kako biti društven.
00:35
You have the animal warmth of your family
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Imate uz sebe toplinu članova obitelji
00:37
sitting right next to you,
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koji sjede pored vas,
00:39
but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland
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a istodobno ste slobodni lutati zemljama čudesa
00:41
inside your own mind.
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svojeg uma.
00:43
And I had this idea
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Imala sam predodžbu
00:45
that camp was going to be just like this, but better.
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da će kamp biti poput toga, samo još bolje.
00:47
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:50
I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin
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Zamišljala sam deset cura kako udobno sjede
00:53
cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.
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u kolibi i čitaju u uparenim spavaćicama.
00:55
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:57
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.
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Kamp je bio više poput studentske zabave, ali bez alkohola.
01:00
And on the very first day
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Odmah prvoga dana,
01:03
our counselor gathered us all together
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naša nas je savjetnica okupila
01:05
and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing
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i naučila nas poklik za koji je rekla da ćemo raditi
01:07
every day for the rest of the summer
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svaki dan do kraja ljeta,
01:09
to instill camp spirit.
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kako bismo bolje osjetili duh kampa.
01:11
And it went like this:
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Ide ovako:
01:13
"R-O-W-D-I-E,
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„R-O-W-D-I-E
01:15
that's the way we spell rowdie.
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tako pišemo ROWDIE,
01:17
Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."
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postanimo ROWDIE“ (eng.rowdy - glasni, buntovni).
01:22
Yeah.
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Da..
01:24
So I couldn't figure out for the life of me
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Nikako nisam mogla shvatiti
01:26
why we were supposed to be so rowdy,
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zašto moramo biti tako buntovni
01:28
or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.
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ili zašto smo ovu riječ morali netočno slovkati?
01:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:37
But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.
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Ali recitirala sam navijačku pjesmu, recitirala sam zajedno s ostalima,
01:40
I did my best.
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dala sam sve od sebe.
01:42
And I just waited for the time
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I samo sam čekala vrijeme
01:44
that I could go off and read my books.
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kada bih mogla otići i čitati svoje knjige.
01:47
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,
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Ali prvom prilikom kada sam izvadila knjige iz kovčega,
01:49
the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me
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najpopularnija cura mi je prišla
01:51
and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --
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i pitala me, „Zašto se ponašaš tako zrelo?“
01:54
mellow, of course, being the exact opposite
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Naravno, zrelo je bila sušta suprotnost
01:56
of R-O-W-D-I-E.
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buntovnosti.
01:58
And then the second time I tried it,
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Drugom prilikom kada sam to pokušala,
02:00
the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face
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savjetnica mi je prišla sa zabrinutim izrazom na licu,
02:03
and she repeated the point about camp spirit
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ponavljala mi što je duh kampa
02:05
and said we should all work very hard
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i rekla kako se svi trebamo truditi
02:07
to be outgoing.
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biti društveni.
02:09
And so I put my books away,
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I tako sam sklonila svoje knjige
02:12
back in their suitcase,
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natrag u kovčeg
02:15
and I put them under my bed,
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i stavila ih pod krevet,
02:19
and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.
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i tamo su ostale ostatak ljeta.
02:21
And I felt kind of guilty about this.
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Osjećala sam se krivom zbog toga.
02:23
I felt as if the books needed me somehow,
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Osjećala sam kako me knjige na neki način trebaju
02:25
and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.
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i kako me zovu, a ja sam ih napustila.
02:28
But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again
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Ali i jesam ih napustila jer taj kovčeg nisam ponovno otvorila
02:30
until I was back home with my family
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sve dok se nisam krajem ljeta
02:32
at the end of the summer.
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vratila kući svojoj obitelji.
02:34
Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.
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Ispričala sam vam ovu priču o ljetnom kampu,
02:37
I could have told you 50 others just like it --
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ali mogla sam vam ispričati još pedeset drugih poput nje.
02:40
all the times that I got the message
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Svaki put kada sam dobila poruku
02:42
that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being
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kako moj tihi i introvertirani način postojanja
02:46
was not necessarily the right way to go,
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nije nužno ispravni način,
02:48
that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.
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kako bismo se trebali truditi biti ekstrovertni.
02:51
And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong
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I oduvijek sam duboko u sebi osjećala da je to pogrešno,
02:54
and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.
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kako su i introverti izvrsni baš takvi kakvi jesu.
02:56
But for years I denied this intuition,
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Godinama sam nijekala tu intuiciju
02:59
and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,
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i tako sam od svih stvari postala odvjetnik na Wall Streetu,
03:02
instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --
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umjesto pisca, što sam oduvijek željela postati.
03:05
partly because I needed to prove to myself
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Dijelom zbog toga jer sam morala dokazati samoj sebi
03:07
that I could be bold and assertive too.
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kako i ja mogu biti odvažna i puna samopouzdanja.
03:09
And I was always going off to crowded bars
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I tako sam odlazila u prenapučene barove,
03:11
when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.
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iako sam radije htjela otići na finu večeru s prijateljima.
03:14
And I made these self-negating choices
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Donosila sam te izbore koji su se kosili sa mnom
03:17
so reflexively,
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tako refleksno,
03:19
that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.
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da čak nisam bila ni svjesna da ih činim.
03:22
Now this is what many introverts do,
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To je ono što mnogi introverti čine,
03:24
and it's our loss for sure,
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i zasigurno je to naš gubitak,
03:26
but it is also our colleagues' loss
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ali i gubitak naših kolega,
03:28
and our communities' loss.
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naše zajednice.
03:30
And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.
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I uz rizik da ću zvučati grandiozno, gubitak svijeta.
03:33
Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,
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Jer, kada se radi o kreativnosti, o vodstvu,
03:36
we need introverts doing what they do best.
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potrebno nam je da introverti rade ono u čemu su najbolji.
03:39
A third to a half of the population are introverts --
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Trećina do polovina populacije su introverti.
03:41
a third to a half.
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Trećina do polovina!
03:43
So that's one out of every two or three people you know.
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To je svaka druga ili treća osoba koju poznajete.
03:46
So even if you're an extrovert yourself,
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Pa čak i ako ste vi sami ekstroverti,
03:49
I'm talking about your coworkers
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govorim o vašim kolegama,
03:51
and your spouses and your children
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o vašim supružnicima,
03:53
and the person sitting next to you right now --
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vašoj djeci, o osobi koja u ovom trenutku sjedi do vas.
03:56
all of them subject to this bias
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Svi su oni podvrgnuti toj pristranosti
03:58
that is pretty deep and real in our society.
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koja je duboko u našem društvu.
04:00
We all internalize it from a very early age
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I svi je usvajamo u vrlo ranom razdoblju
04:03
without even having a language for what we're doing.
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dok još ni ne poznajemo jezik kojim bismo opisali ono što radimo.
04:06
Now to see the bias clearly
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Kako bi ta pristranost bila jasnija
04:08
you need to understand what introversion is.
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nužno je najprije razumjeti što je to sama introvertiranost.
04:11
It's different from being shy.
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Drugačija je od stidljivosti.
04:13
Shyness is about fear of social judgment.
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Stidljivost je strah od društvenog osuđivanja.
04:15
Introversion is more about,
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Introvertiranost je više način
04:17
how do you respond to stimulation,
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kako odgovarate na podražaje,
04:19
including social stimulation.
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uključujući društvene podražaje.
04:21
So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,
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Ekstroverti zapravo žude za velikim količinama podražaja,
04:24
whereas introverts feel at their most alive
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ali introverti se osjećaju najviše živima,
04:26
and their most switched-on and their most capable
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najviše pobuđenima, najviše sposobnima
04:28
when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.
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kada su u tišim, mirnijim okruženjima.
04:30
Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --
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Ali ne cijelo vrijeme, ove stvari nisu konačne,
04:32
but a lot of the time.
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ali većinu vremena.
04:34
So the key then
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Ključno je dakle
04:36
to maximizing our talents
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naći se u zoni podražavanja
04:39
is for us all to put ourselves
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koja je ispravna za nas
04:41
in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.
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kako bismo najviše ostvarili svoje talente.
04:44
But now here's where the bias comes in.
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Ovo je dio gdje dolazi do pristranosti.
04:46
Our most important institutions,
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Naše najvažnije ustanove,
04:48
our schools and our workplaces,
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naše škole i radna mjesta,
04:50
they are designed mostly for extroverts
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prilagođene su mahom ekstrovertima
04:52
and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.
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i potrebama ekstroverta za mnoštvom podražaja.
04:55
And also we have this belief system right now
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Također trenutno imamo sustav vjerovanja
04:59
that I call the new groupthink,
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koji nazivam novim grupnim razmišljanjem,
05:01
which holds that all creativity and all productivity
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koji drži da sva kreativnost i sva produktivnost
05:04
comes from a very oddly gregarious place.
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dolaze iz neuobičajeno društvenih mjesta.
05:09
So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:
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Ako zamislite uobičajenu učionicu danas:
05:11
When I was going to school,
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Kada sam ja išla u školu
05:13
we sat in rows.
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sjedili smo u redovima.
05:15
We sat in rows of desks like this,
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Sjedili smo u redovima klupa
05:17
and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.
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i većinu posla smo radili neovisno.
05:19
But nowadays, your typical classroom
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Ali u današnje vrijeme uobičajena učionica
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has pods of desks --
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ima polukružno složene stolove,
05:23
four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.
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gdje je četvero, petoro, šestoro, sedmoro djece međusobno suočeno.
05:26
And kids are working in countless group assignments.
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Djeca rade u nebrojenim grupnim zadacima.
05:28
Even in subjects like math and creative writing,
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Čak i kod predmeta kao što su matematika i kreativno pisanje,
05:31
which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,
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za koje biste mislili da ovise o samostalnom tijeku misli.
05:34
kids are now expected to act as committee members.
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Od djece se danas očekuje da se ponašaju poput članova odbora.
05:38
And for the kids who prefer
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Djeca koja bi radije
05:40
to go off by themselves or just to work alone,
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sama pokušala ili radila samostalno,
05:42
those kids are seen as outliers often
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viđena su kao izopćenici
05:44
or, worse, as problem cases.
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ili još gore, problematični slučajevi.
05:48
And the vast majority of teachers reports believing
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I velika većina nastavnika vjeruje
05:51
that the ideal student is an extrovert
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da je idealni učenik ekstrovert,
05:53
as opposed to an introvert,
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što se protivi introvertima,
05:55
even though introverts actually get better grades
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iako, prema istraživanjima,
05:57
and are more knowledgeable,
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introverti zapravo dobivaju
05:59
according to research.
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bolje ocjene i znaju više.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:03
Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.
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Isto vrijedi i za naša radna mjesta.
06:06
Now, most of us work in open plan offices,
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Većina nas radi u uredima otvorenog tipa,
06:09
without walls,
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bez zidova,
06:11
where we are subject
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gdje smo podvrgnuti
06:13
to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.
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konstantnoj buci i vrevi naših kolega.
06:15
And when it comes to leadership,
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Kada se radi o pitanju vodstva,
06:17
introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,
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introverti se rutinski odbijaju na tim pozicijama,
06:19
even though introverts tend to be very careful,
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iako su introverti oprezniji,
06:21
much less likely to take outsize risks --
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manje skloni pretjeranim rizicima -
06:23
which is something we might all favor nowadays.
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stvari koje svi cijenimo u današnje vrijeme.
06:27
And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School
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Zanimljivo, istraživanje Adama Granta na Whartonu
06:30
has found that introverted leaders
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pokazalo je kako introvertirane vođe
06:32
often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,
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češće ostvaruju uspjehe od ekstrovertiranih
06:34
because when they are managing proactive employees,
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jer, kada se susretnu s poduzetnim zaposlenicima,
06:37
they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,
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češće puštaju zaposlenicima da idu prema svojim zamislima.
06:40
whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,
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Dok se ekstroverti, krajnje nenamjerno,
06:42
get so excited about things
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uzbuđuju činjenicom
06:44
that they're putting their own stamp on things,
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što ostavljaju svoj trag na nešto
06:46
and other people's ideas might not as easily then
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te tako zamisli drugih ljudi
06:48
bubble up to the surface.
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ne dolaze lako do izražaja.
06:51
Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.
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Zapravo, neki od naših najutjecajnijih vođa u povijesti su bili introverti.
06:54
I'll give you some examples.
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Navest ću vam nekoliko primjera:
06:56
Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
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Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi,
06:59
all these peopled described themselves
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svi ti ljudi opisuju sebe
07:01
as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.
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tihima, čak i stidljivima.
07:04
And they all took the spotlight,
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I svi su oni stali u središte pozornosti,
07:06
even though every bone in their bodies
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iako im je svaka kost u tijelu
07:08
was telling them not to.
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govorila da to ne učine.
07:11
And this turns out to have a special power all its own,
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To je još dopridonijelo dodatnu snagu
07:13
because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm,
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jer su ljudi mogli osjetiti kako te vođe nisu na čelu
07:16
not because they enjoyed directing others
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jer uživaju upravljati drugima,
07:18
and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;
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i ne zbog užitka što ih se gleda.
07:20
they were there because they had no choice,
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Bili su tamo jer nisu imali izbora,
07:22
because they were driven to do what they thought was right.
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jer su bili nagnani da učine ono što su smatrali ispravnim.
07:26
Now I think at this point it's important for me to say
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Mislim da je u ovom trenutku važno reći
07:29
that I actually love extroverts.
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kako ja zapravo volim ekstroverte.
07:32
I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,
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Volim reći da su neki od mojih najboljih prijatelja ekstroverti,
07:35
including my beloved husband.
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uključujući i mog voljenog muža.
07:39
And we all fall at different points, of course,
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I naravno, svi se nalazimo na različitim točkama
07:41
along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.
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u spektru introvertiranosti i ekstrovertiranosti.
07:44
Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said
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Čak je i Carl Jung, psiholog koji je prvi popularizirao ove izraze, rekao
07:47
that there's no such thing as a pure introvert
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kako ne postoji nešto kao što je čisti introvert
07:49
or a pure extrovert.
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ili čisti ekstrovert.
07:51
He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,
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Rekao je kako bi takav čovjek bio u ludnici,
07:53
if he existed at all.
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ako bi uopće postojao.
07:56
And some people fall smack in the middle
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Neki se ljudi nalaze u sredini
07:58
of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,
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između introvertiranosti i ekstrovertiranosti,
08:00
and we call these people ambiverts.
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nazivamo ih ambivertima.
08:02
And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.
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I često mislim kako oni dobivaju najbolje od oba svijeta.
08:06
But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.
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Ali većina se nas ipak prepoznaje u jednom ili drugom tipu.
08:09
And what I'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance.
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Ono što želim reći je da kulturološki trebamo puno bolju ravnotežu.
08:12
We need more of a yin and yang
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Trebamo snažniji Jin i Jang
08:14
between these two types.
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između ova dva tipa.
08:16
This is especially important
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Ovo je osobito važno
08:18
when it comes to creativity and to productivity,
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kada se radi o kreativnosti i produktivnosti
08:20
because when psychologists look
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jer kada psiholozi pogledaju
08:22
at the lives of the most creative people,
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živote nekih od najkreativnijih ljudi,
08:24
what they find
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pronalaze ljude
08:26
are people who are very good at exchanging ideas
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koji su vrlo dobri u izmjenjivanju ideja,
08:28
and advancing ideas,
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i unaprijeđenju ideja,
08:30
but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.
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ali koji također imaju ozbiljnu crtu introvertiranosti u sebi.
08:33
And this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often
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To je stoga što je često samoća ključan sastojak
08:35
to creativity.
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kreativnosti.
08:37
So Darwin,
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Tako je i Darwin
08:39
he took long walks alone in the woods
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odlazio sam na duge šetnje šumom,
08:41
and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations.
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i odlučno odbijao pozive na večere.
08:44
Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,
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Theodor Geisel poznatiji kao Dr. Seuss
08:47
he dreamed up many of his amazing creations
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odsanjario je većinu svojih nevjerojatnih ostvarenja
08:49
in a lonely bell tower office that he had
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u svom osamljenom uredu u tornju zvonika,
08:51
in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.
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iza svoje kuće u La Jollai u Kaliforniji.
08:54
And he was actually afraid to meet
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Bojao se susresti
08:56
the young children who read his books
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s malom djecom koja su čitala njegove knjige
08:58
for fear that they were expecting him
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jer je mislio kako očekuju od njega
09:00
this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure
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da bude onaj radostan i veseo lik,
09:02
and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.
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te da će biti razočarani njegovom suzdržanom osobom.
09:06
Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer
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Steve Wozniak izumio je prvo Apple računalo
09:08
sitting alone in his cubical
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sjedeći sam u svom odjeljku
09:10
in Hewlett-Packard where he was working at the time.
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u Hewlett-Packardu gdje je tada radio.
09:12
And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place
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Rekao je kako nikada ne bi postao takvim stručnjakom
09:15
had he not been too introverted to leave the house
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da nije bio previše introvertiran kako bi izašao iz kuće
09:18
when he was growing up.
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dok je odrastao.
09:20
Now of course,
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Naravno da to
09:23
this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --
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ne znači da svi trebamo prestati surađivati -
09:26
and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs
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ključni dio je da se Steve Wozniak našao sa Steveom Jobsom
09:29
to start Apple Computer --
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kako bi pokrenuo slavni Apple -
09:32
but it does mean that solitude matters
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ali znači da je samoća važna
09:35
and that for some people
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i da je za neke ljude
09:37
it is the air that they breathe.
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ona neophodna poput zraka koji dišu.
09:39
And in fact, we have known for centuries
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I zapravo nam je stoljećima poznata
09:42
about the transcendent power of solitude.
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transcendentalna moć samoće.
09:45
It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.
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Tek smo ju odnedavno nekim čudom počeli zaboravljati.
09:48
If you look at most of the world's major religions,
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Ukoliko pogledate većinu velikih religija u svijetu,
09:51
you will find seekers --
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pronaći ćete tragatelje -
09:53
Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --
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Mojsije, Isus, Buda, Muhamed -
09:56
seekers who are going off by themselves
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tragatelje koji odlaze
09:58
alone to the wilderness
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sami u divljinu
10:00
where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations
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gdje potom imaju duboka prosvjetljenja i otkrivenja
10:02
that they then bring back to the rest of the community.
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koja potom donose u ostatak zajednice.
10:05
So no wilderness, no revelations.
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Dakle, nema divljine, nema otkrivenja.
10:09
This is no surprise though
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To ne iznenađuje
10:11
if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.
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ukoliko pogledamo spoznaje suvremene psihologije.
10:14
It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people
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Ispada kako ne možemo biti među grupom ljudi,
10:17
without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.
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a da instinktivno ne zrcalimo ili oponašamo njihova mišljenja.
10:20
Even about seemingly personal and visceral things
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Čak i u iznimno osobnim stvarima,
10:22
like who you're attracted to,
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kao primjerice tko nam je privlačan,
10:24
you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you
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počinjemo oponašati mišljenje ljudi oko nas
10:27
without even realizing that that's what you're doing.
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bez da smo svjesni da to činimo.
10:29
And groups famously follow the opinions
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Grupe najčešće slijede mišljenje
10:32
of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,
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najdominantnije ili najkarizmatičnije osobe u prostoriji,
10:34
even though there's zero correlation
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iako ne postoji korelacija
10:36
between being the best talker and having the best ideas --
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između toga da je netko dobar govornik i da ima dobre ideje.
10:39
I mean zero.
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Nula korelacije!
10:41
So ...
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Dakle,
10:43
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:45
You might be following the person with the best ideas,
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možda slijedite osobu sa najboljim idejama,
10:48
but you might not.
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a možda i ne.
10:50
And do you really want to leave it up to chance?
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Želite li to zaista prepustiti slučaju?
10:53
Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,
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Puno je bolje za sve da pokušaju sami,
10:55
generate their own ideas
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stvore vlastite ideje,
10:57
freed from the distortions of group dynamics,
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oslobođeni izobličenja djelovanjem grupe,
10:59
and then come together as a team
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i onda zajedno kao tim
11:01
to talk them through in a well-managed environment
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porazgovaraju o tim zamislima u dobrom okruženju
11:04
and take it from there.
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te od tuda nastave dalje.
11:06
Now if all this is true,
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Ako je sve ovo istinito
11:08
then why are we getting it so wrong?
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zašto onda i dalje griješimo?
11:11
Why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces?
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Zašto postavljamo naše škole i naša radna mjesta na taj način?
11:13
And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty
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Zašto činimo da se introverti osjećaju krivima
11:15
about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?
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što ponekad žele pokušati sami?
11:19
One answer lies deep in our cultural history.
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Jedan odgovor leži duboko u našoj kulturološkoj povijesti.
11:22
Western societies,
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Zapadnjačka društva
11:24
and in particular the U.S.,
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i osobito SAD,
11:26
have always favored the man of action
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uvijek su više vrednovali čovjeka od akcije
11:28
over the man of contemplation
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od čovjeka koji promatra
11:30
and "man" of contemplation.
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i čovjeka koji „promatra.“
11:34
But in America's early days,
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Ali u ranim danima SAD-a,
11:37
we lived in what historians call a culture of character,
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živjeli smo u, kako to povjesničari nazivaju, kulturi karaktera,
11:40
where we still, at that point, valued people
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gdje smo još uvijek cijenili ljude
11:42
for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.
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zbog njihove nutrine i moralnosti.
11:45
And if you look at the self-help books from this era,
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Ukoliko pogledamo knjige samopomoći iz tog doba,
11:47
they all had titles with things like
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sve su nosile naslove poput:
11:49
"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."
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„Karakter – najveća stvar na svijetu“.
11:52
And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln
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Isticale su ljude kao što je Abraham Lincoln
11:55
who was praised for being modest and unassuming.
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koji je bio hvaljen zbog svoje skromnosti.
11:57
Ralph Waldo Emerson called him
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Ralph Waldo Emerson naziva ga
11:59
"A man who does not offend by superiority."
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čovjekom koga nadmoć ne vrijeđa.
12:02
But then we hit the 20th century
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Ali onda smo s dvadesetim stoljećem
12:05
and we entered a new culture
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ušli u novu kulturu
12:07
that historians call the culture of personality.
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koju povjesničari nazivaju kulturom osobnosti.
12:09
What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy
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Dogodilo se to da smo napredovali iz poljoprivredne ekonomije.
12:11
to a world of big business.
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u svijet velikih poslovanja.
12:13
And so suddenly people are moving
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Odjednom se ljudi sele
12:15
from small towns to the cities.
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iz malih mjesta u gradove.
12:17
And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,
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Umjesto da rade uz ljude koje su poznavali cijelog života,
12:20
now they are having to prove themselves
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sada se moraju dokazati
12:22
in a crowd of strangers.
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među gomilom stranaca.
12:24
So, quite understandably,
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I sasvim razumljivo,
12:26
qualities like magnetism and charisma
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osobine kao što su privlačnost i karizmatičnost
12:28
suddenly come to seem really important.
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odjednom postaju iznimno važne.
12:30
And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs
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Sigurno da su se knjige samopomoći promijenile kako bi ispunile ove nove potrebe
12:33
and they start to have names
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i sada nose naslove poput:
12:35
like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."
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„Kako osvojiti prijatelje i ostaviti utjecaj na ljude“.
12:37
And they feature as their role models
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Kao svoje uzore ističu
12:39
really great salesmen.
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vrlo dobre prodavatelje.
12:42
So that's the world we're living in today.
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To je svijet u kojem živimo danas,
12:44
That's our cultural inheritance.
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to je naše kulturološko nasljeđe.
12:48
Now none of this is to say
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Ništa od ovoga ne dopušta nam reći
12:50
that social skills are unimportant,
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kako društvene vještine nisu važne
12:53
and I'm also not calling
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i također, ne zagovaram
12:55
for the abolishing of teamwork at all.
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ukidanje timskog rada.
12:58
The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops
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Iste religije koje su slale svoje mudrace na vrhove planina
13:01
also teach us love and trust.
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također nas uče ljubavi i povjerenju.
13:04
And the problems that we are facing today
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Problemi s kojima smo suočeni danas
13:06
in fields like science and in economics
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u područjima kao što su znanost ili ekonomija
13:08
are so vast and so complex
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toliko su opširni i složeni
13:10
that we are going to need armies of people coming together
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da nam je potrebna vojska ljudi koja surađuje
13:12
to solve them working together.
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kako bismo ih riješili.
13:14
But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,
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Ali želim reći kako će s više slobode koja je dana introvertima da budu ono što jesu,
13:17
the more likely that they are
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vjerojatnije doći i više
13:19
to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.
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njihovih jedinstvenih rješenja za te probleme.
13:24
So now I'd like to share with you
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Sada bih htjela podijeliti s vama
13:26
what's in my suitcase today.
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što se nalazi u mom kovčegu danas.
13:33
Guess what?
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Pogodite što?
13:35
Books.
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Knjige.
13:37
I have a suitcase full of books.
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Imam kovčeg pun knjiga,
13:39
Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."
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ovo je „Mačje oko“ od Margaret Atwood,
13:41
Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.
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roman Milana Kundere,
13:44
And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed"
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ovo je „Vodič za one što dvoje“
13:46
by Maimonides.
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od Maimonidesa.
13:49
But these are not exactly my books.
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Ali zapravo, to nisu moje knjige.
13:52
I brought these books with me
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Ponijela sam ih sa sobom
13:54
because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.
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jer su ih napisali najdraži pisci mog djeda.
13:58
My grandfather was a rabbi
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Moj je djed bio rabin,
14:00
and he was a widower
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bio je udovac
14:02
who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn
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koji je živio sam u malom stanu u Brooklynu.
14:05
that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,
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Dok sam odrastala to je bilo moje najdraže mjesto na svijetu,
14:08
partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence
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dijelom zbog toga što je bilo ispunjeno njegovom nježnom prisutnošću
14:11
and partly because it was filled with books.
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i dijelom jer je bilo ispunjeno knjigama.
14:14
I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment
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Doslovno, svaki stol, svaka stolica u njegovom stanu
14:17
had yielded its original function
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nije više ispunjavala svoju prvobitnu namjenu
14:19
to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.
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i služila je kao površina za odlaganje hrpe knjiga.
14:22
Just like the rest of my family,
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Kao i u ostatku moje obitelji,
14:24
my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.
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mom djedu najdraža stvar na svijetu bilo je čitanje.
14:27
But he also loved his congregation,
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Ali također je volio svoju kongregaciju.
14:30
and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave
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Mogla se osjetiti njegova ljubav u propovijedima koje je održavao
14:33
every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.
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svaki tjedan 62 godine koliko je bio rabin.
14:37
He would takes the fruits of each week's reading
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Uzeo bi najbolje iz tjednih čitanja
14:40
and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.
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i tkao zapetljane tapiserije drevnih humanističkih misli.
14:43
And people would come from all over
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Ljudi su dolazili sa raznih strana
14:45
to hear him speak.
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kako bi ga čuli kako govori.
14:47
But here's the thing about my grandfather.
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Ali postoji jedna stvar o mom djedu.
14:50
Underneath this ceremonial role,
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Ispod svoje svečane uloge,
14:52
he was really modest and really introverted --
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bio je zaista skroman i introvertiran,
14:55
so much so that when he delivered these sermons,
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toliko da, kada je propovijedao,
14:58
he had trouble making eye contact
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imao je problem ostvariti kontakt očima
15:00
with the very same congregation
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s tom istom kongregacijom
15:02
that he had been speaking to for 62 years.
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kojoj je govorio 62 godine.
15:04
And even away from the podium,
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I izvan govornice,
15:06
when you called him to say hello,
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kada ste ga nazvali kako biste ga pozdravili
15:08
he would often end the conversation prematurely
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često bi preuranjeno prekinuo razgovor
15:10
for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.
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iz straha da zauzima previše vašeg vremena.
15:14
But when he died at the age of 94,
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Ali kada je umro u 94. godini
15:17
the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood
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policija je morala zatvoriti ulice u njegovom susjedstvu
15:20
to accommodate the crowd of people
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kako bi ih prilagodila masi ljudi
15:22
who came out to mourn him.
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koja ga je došla oplakivati.
15:26
And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example
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I tako ovih dana pokušavam učiti iz primjera svog djeda
15:29
in my own way.
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na vlastiti način.
15:31
So I just published a book about introversion,
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Objavila sam knjigu o introvertnosti,
15:34
and it took me about seven years to write.
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trebalo mi je sedam godina da ju napišem.
15:36
And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,
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Za mene je tih sedam godina bio pravi blagoslov
15:39
because I was reading, I was writing,
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jer sam čitala, pisala,
15:42
I was thinking, I was researching.
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razmišljala, istraživala.
15:44
It was my version
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Bila je to moja verzija
15:46
of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.
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djedovog sata dnevno koji je provodio sam u knjižnici.
15:49
But now all of a sudden my job is very different,
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Ali sada odjednom, moj posao je puno drugačiji,
15:52
and my job is to be out here talking about it,
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moj posao je biti ovdje i govoriti o tome.
15:55
talking about introversion.
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Govoriti o introvertiranosti.
15:58
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
16:02
And that's a lot harder for me,
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I to mi je puno teže
16:04
because as honored as I am
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jer koliko god da sam počašćena
16:06
to be here with all of you right now,
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što sam ovdje s vama,
16:08
this is not my natural milieu.
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to nije moje prirodno okruženje.
16:11
So I prepared for moments like these
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Pripremala sam se za trenutke poput ovih
16:13
as best I could.
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najbolje što sam mogla.
16:15
I spent the last year practicing public speaking
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Provela sam prošlu godinu vježbajući javno govorništvo
16:17
every chance I could get.
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u svakoj prilici kojoj sam mogla.
16:19
And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."
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Zvala sam to svojom godinom opasnog govorništva.
16:22
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
16:24
And that actually helped a lot.
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I to je zapravo puno pomoglo.
16:26
But I'll tell you, what helps even more
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Ali što mi pomaže još više
16:28
is my sense, my belief, my hope
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je moj osjećaj, moje vjerovanje, moja nada
16:31
that when it comes to our attitudes
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da smo, kada se radi o našim stavovima,
16:33
to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,
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našoj introvertiranosti, našoj samoći,
16:35
we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.
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zaista spremni djelovati i na pragu dramatičnih promjena.
16:37
I mean, we are.
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Hoću reći, zaista jesmo.
16:39
And so I am going to leave you now
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Stoga ću vas sada napustiti
16:41
with three calls for action
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uz tri poziva na djelovanje.
16:43
for those who share this vision.
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Za one koji dijele ovu viziju.
16:45
Number one:
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Pod jedan:
16:47
Stop the madness for constant group work.
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zaustavite ludilo za stalnim grupnim radom.
16:49
Just stop it.
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Samo prestanite!
16:51
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
16:54
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
16:56
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
16:58
And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,
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Želim biti jasna u onome što govorim
17:00
because I deeply believe our offices
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jer zaista vjerujem da uredi
17:02
should be encouraging
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trebaju ohrabrivati
17:04
casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --
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ležerne, razgovorljive vrste interakcija
17:06
you know, the kind where people come together
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poput one u kafićima, gdje ljudi mogu doći
17:08
and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.
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i neusiljeno razmjenjivati ideje.
17:10
That is great.
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To je sjajno,
17:12
It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.
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sjajno za introverte i sjajno za ekstroverte.
17:14
But we need much more privacy and much more freedom
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Ali na poslu trebamo puno više privatnosti, puno više slobode,
17:16
and much more autonomy at work.
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puno više samostalnosti.
17:18
School, same thing.
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Isto vrijedi i za škole.
17:20
We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,
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Trebamo učiti djecu kako raditi zajedno,
17:23
but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.
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ali moramo ih učiti i kako raditi samostalno.
17:25
This is especially important for extroverted children too.
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Ovo je osobito važno i za ekstrovertiranu djecu,
17:28
They need to work on their own
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moraju sama raditi
17:30
because that is where deep thought comes from in part.
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jer od tamo, dijelom, dolaze duboke misli.
17:32
Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.
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Pod dva: idite u divljinu,
17:35
Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.
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budite kao Buda, imajte vlastita otkrivenja.
17:38
I'm not saying
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Ne govorim
17:40
that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods
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da sada trebamo otići i izgraditi kolibe u šumama
17:43
and never talk to each other again,
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i ne razgovarati više jedni s drugima.
17:46
but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug
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Ali govorim kako bismo se mogli isključiti
17:48
and get inside our own heads
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i biti u svojim glavama
17:50
a little more often.
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malo češće.
17:54
Number three:
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Pod tri:
17:57
Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase
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pogledajte dobro što se nalazi u vašim vlastitim kovčezima
17:59
and why you put it there.
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i zašto ste to tamo spremili.
18:01
So extroverts,
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Ekstroverti,
18:03
maybe your suitcases are also full of books.
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možda su vaši kovčezi također puni knjiga,
18:05
Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses
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ili čaša za šampanjac
18:07
or skydiving equipment.
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ili opreme za skok padobranom.
18:10
Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get
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Što god da je, nadam se da ove predmete koristite što češće možete
18:14
and grace us with your energy and your joy.
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i darujete nas svojom energijom i radošću.
18:17
But introverts, you being you,
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Ali introverti, pošto ste vi takvi kakvi ste,
18:20
you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully
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vjerojatno imate nagon da pomno čuvate
18:22
what's inside your own suitcase.
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ono što je u vašim kovčezima.
18:24
And that's okay.
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I to je u redu.
18:26
But occasionally, just occasionally,
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Ali povremeno, samo povremeno
18:28
I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,
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nadam se da ćete otvoriti svoje kovčege drugim ljudima
18:31
because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.
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jer vas svijet treba i treba stvari koje nosite.
18:36
So I wish you the best of all possible journeys
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Želim vam stoga sve najbolje od mogućih putovanja
18:38
and the courage to speak softly.
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i hrabrost da govorite tiho.
18:41
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam puno.
18:43
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
18:47
Thank you. Thank you.
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Hvala. Hvala.
18:50
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionaryOur world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone.
Why you should listen
Susan Cain is a former corporate lawyer and negotiations consultant -- and a self-described introvert. At least one-third of the people we know are introverts, notes Cain in her book QUIET: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking. Although our culture undervalues them dramatically, introverts have made some of the great contributions to society -- from Chopin's nocturnes to the invention of the personal computer to Ghandi's transformative leadership. Cain argues that we design our schools, workplaces and religious institutions for extroverts, and that this bias creates a waste of talent, energy and happiness. Based on intensive research in psychology and neurobiology and on prolific interviews, she also explains why introverts are capable of great love and great achievement, not in spite of their temperament -- but because of them.
In 2015 Susan Cain announced the launch of her mission-based organization Quiet Revolution that aims to change the lives of introverts by empowering them with the information, tools and resources they need to survive and thrive.
In the workplace, companies are not fully harnessing the talents of their introverted employees and leadership teams are often imbalanced with many more extroverts than introverts. The Quiet Leadership Institute has worked with companies from LinkedIn to GE to Procter and Gamble to help them achieve their potential by providing learning experiences that unlock the power of introverts.
At the heart and center of the Quiet Revolution is empowering the next generation of children to know their own strengths and be freed from the sense of inadequacy that has shadowed the children of previous generations. Susan's second book, Quiet Power, is written for teens and young adults but also serves as a tool for teachers and parents. In addition, Susan has created a portal and a online learning experience for the parents of quiet children and has also established the Quiet Schools Network. Susan's podcast, Quiet: The Power of Introverts debuted in February 2016 as a 10-part series designed to give parents and teachers the tools they need to empower quiet kids.
Susan and the Quiet Revolution have received numerous accolades and press including Fortune magazine, The New York Times, NPRand many more.
Susan Cain | Speaker | TED.com