TED Salon: Radical Craft
Leland Melvin: An astronaut's story of curiosity, perspective and change
Leland Melvin: A história de curiosidade, perspectiva e mudança de um astronauta
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Qual é o melhor trabalho para um jovem ás do tênis, viajante de trilhas, nerd de química e novato da NFL? Que tal... astronauta? Leland Melvin conta a história dos desafios que aceitou e das oportunidades que aproveitou e como eles o levaram para a Estação Espacial Internacional e para toda uma nova perspectiva de vida na Terra.
Leland Melvin - Engineer, educator
Leland Melvin is an engineer, educator, former NASA astronaut and NFL wide receiver. He shares his stories of perseverance and excellence to inspire communities for lasting positive change. Full bio
Leland Melvin is an engineer, educator, former NASA astronaut and NFL wide receiver. He shares his stories of perseverance and excellence to inspire communities for lasting positive change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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[Esta palestra apresenta conteúdo adulto]
00:16
In 1969, I was standing behind
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Em 1969, eu estava de pé atrás
00:21
a Sylvania black-and-white television set.
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de um aparelho de televisão
preto e branco da Sylvania.
preto e branco da Sylvania.
00:24
Hearing about these things happening
on the set in the front,
on the set in the front,
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Ouvindo sobre essas coisas
acontecendo em frente à TV,
acontecendo em frente à TV,
eu era o cara, sabe,
00:27
I was the guy, you know,
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movendo a antena de TV
para meu pai, minha irmã e minha mãe.
para meu pai, minha irmã e minha mãe.
00:28
moving the rabbit ears
for my dad, and my sister and my mom.
for my dad, and my sister and my mom.
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00:32
"Move over here, turn over here,
move this way, we can't see the screen."
move this way, we can't see the screen."
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"Mude para cá, vire aqui, mexe assim,
não conseguimos ver a imagem."
não conseguimos ver a imagem."
00:36
And what they were watching
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Eles estavam assistindo a:
00:38
was: "One small step for a man,
one giant leap for mankind."
one giant leap for mankind."
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"Um pequeno passo para um homem,
um salto gigantesco para a humanidade".
um salto gigantesco para a humanidade".
00:43
Neil [Armstrong] and Buzz Aldrin
were walking on the Moon.
were walking on the Moon.
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Neil Armstrong e Buzz Aldrin
estavam andando na Lua.
estavam andando na Lua.
00:47
And I was five years old
in Lynchburg, Virginia,
in Lynchburg, Virginia,
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Eu tinha cinco anos
em Lynchburg, Virgínia,
em Lynchburg, Virgínia,
00:51
a skinny black kid
in a kind of somewhat racist town.
in a kind of somewhat racist town.
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uma criança negra e magricela
em uma cidade um tanto racista.
em uma cidade um tanto racista.
00:55
And I was trying to figure out
what I was going to do with my life.
what I was going to do with my life.
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Eu estava tentando descobrir
o que iria fazer na vida.
o que iria fazer na vida.
01:00
And my parents, you know,
they were educators,
they were educators,
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Meus pais eram educadores
01:02
they'd said that you can do anything.
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e diziam que se podia fazer
qualquer coisa.
qualquer coisa.
01:05
But after that moon landing,
all the kids in the neighborhood
all the kids in the neighborhood
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Mas, depois do pouso na Lua,
todas as crianças do bairro perguntavam:
todas as crianças do bairro perguntavam:
01:08
were like, "You're going to be
an astronaut?"
an astronaut?"
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"Você vai ser astronauta?"
Eu dizia: "Não".
01:10
I'm like, "No."
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01:11
I don't want a buzz cut,
and I don't see someone who looks like me.
and I don't see someone who looks like me.
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Não quero um corte rapado
e não vejo ninguém parecido comigo.
e não vejo ninguém parecido comigo.
Porque o modelo é importante.
01:14
Because representation does matter.
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01:16
And I knew that there was a guy
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Eu sabia que havia um cara
01:20
five blocks down the street
on Pierce Street
on Pierce Street
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a cinco quarteirões da rua,
na Pierce Street,
na Pierce Street,
01:23
who was training to play tennis.
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que estava treinando para jogar tênis.
01:25
And it was Arthur Ashe.
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Era Arthur Ashe.
01:27
And my dad talked
about his character, his discipline,
about his character, his discipline,
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Meu pai falava sobre
o caráter, a disciplina,
o caráter, a disciplina,
01:30
his intelligence, his athleticism.
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a inteligência
e a capacidade atlética dele.
e a capacidade atlética dele.
01:33
I wanted to be Arthur Ashe,
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Eu queria ser Arthur Ashe,
01:34
I didn't want to be
one of those moon guys.
one of those moon guys.
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não queria ser um daqueles caras da Lua.
01:37
And as I went on through this journey,
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Enquanto eu prosseguia nessa jornada,
01:41
my dad, who was a school teacher,
he played in a band,
he played in a band,
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meu pai, que era professor da escola,
tocava em uma banda,
tocava em uma banda,
01:45
he did all these things to make money
for my sister and I
for my sister and I
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fazia tudo isso para ganhar dinheiro
para minha irmã e eu
para minha irmã e eu
termos aulas de piano e fazermos
essas coisas diferentes com a educação.
essas coisas diferentes com a educação.
01:48
to take piano lessons
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01:49
and do these different things
with education.
with education.
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01:51
And he one day decides to drive up
into the driveway with this bread truck.
into the driveway with this bread truck.
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Um dia, ele decide entrar na garagem
com um caminhão de pão.
com um caminhão de pão.
01:58
And I'm thinking, "OK, bread truck,
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Fico pensando:
"Está bem, caminhão de pão,
02:02
me delivering bread
while my dad's driving the truck."
while my dad's driving the truck."
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vou entregar pão enquanto meu pai
dirige o caminhão".
dirige o caminhão".
02:05
I'm like, "OK, I'm going to be
a bread guy now."
a bread guy now."
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Penso: "Está bem, vou ser
o cara do pão agora".
o cara do pão agora".
02:07
But he says, "This is our camper."
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Mas ele diz: "Este é nosso trailer".
02:11
I'm like, "Dude, come one, I can read:
'Merita Bread and Rolls'
'Merita Bread and Rolls'
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Penso: "Cara, vamos lá, sei ler:
'Merita Bread and Rolls'
'Merita Bread and Rolls'
na lateral do caminhão".
02:14
on the side of this truck.
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02:16
And he says, "No, we're going
to build this into our camper."
to build this into our camper."
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Ele diz: "Não, vamos transformar
isso em nosso trailer".
isso em nosso trailer".
02:21
And over that summer, we rewired
the entire electrical system.
the entire electrical system.
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No verão, renovamos
todo o sistema elétrico,
todo o sistema elétrico,
02:25
We plumbed a propane tank
to a Coleman stove,
to a Coleman stove,
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ligamos um botijão de propano
a um fogão Coleman,
a um fogão Coleman,
02:28
we built bunk beds that flip down.
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construímos beliches dobráveis,
02:30
We were turning this into our summer
vacation launch pad, escape pod,
vacation launch pad, escape pod,
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transformamos isso em nossa plataforma
de lançamento, cápsula de fuga
de lançamento, cápsula de fuga
das férias de verão,
02:35
this thing that could
take us out of Lynchburg.
take us out of Lynchburg.
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essa coisa que poderia
nos tirar de Lynchburg.
nos tirar de Lynchburg.
02:39
And before that,
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Antes disso,
02:43
I was actually raped at five
by some neighbors.
by some neighbors.
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na verdade, fui estuprado,
aos cinco anos, por alguns vizinhos.
aos cinco anos, por alguns vizinhos.
02:48
And I didn't tell anyone,
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Não contei a ninguém,
02:51
because I had friends
that didn't have fathers.
that didn't have fathers.
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porque eu tinha amigos
que não tinham pais.
que não tinham pais.
02:54
And I knew that my father
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Eu sabia que meu pai
02:56
would have killed the people
that did that to his son.
that did that to his son.
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teria matado as pessoas
que fizeram aquilo com o filho dele.
que fizeram aquilo com o filho dele.
02:59
And I didn't want my father to be gone.
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E eu não queria que ele fosse preso.
03:02
So as we got in this bread truck
and escaped from Lynchburg,
and escaped from Lynchburg,
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Quando entramos no caminhão de pão
e fugimos de Lynchburg,
e fugimos de Lynchburg,
03:07
it was my time with my dad.
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foi meu momento com meu pai.
03:09
And we went to the Smoky Mountains
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Fomos para as montanhas Great Smoky,
03:11
and looked at the purple
mountains' majesty.
mountains' majesty.
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contemplamos a majestade
das montanhas roxas
das montanhas roxas
e caminhamos ao longo da Myrtle Beach.
03:14
And we walked along the beach
in Myrtle Beach,
in Myrtle Beach,
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03:16
and this thing was transformative.
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Foi transformador
03:20
It showed me what it meant
to be an explorer, at a very early age.
to be an explorer, at a very early age.
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e me mostrou o significado de ser
explorador, em uma idade muito precoce.
explorador, em uma idade muito precoce.
03:24
And I suppressed all that negativity,
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Reprimi toda aquela negatividade,
03:27
all that trauma,
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todo aquele trauma,
porque eu estava aprendendo
a ser explorador.
a ser explorador.
03:29
because I was learning to be an explorer.
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03:31
And a little bit later, my mother gave me
an age-inappropriate,
an age-inappropriate,
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Um pouco depois, minha mãe
me deu um conjunto de química
me deu um conjunto de química
inadequado à minha idade
e não certificado,
e não certificado,
03:34
non-OSHA-certified chemistry set,
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03:36
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
03:37
where I created the most incredible
explosion in her living room.
explosion in her living room.
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com o qual criei a explosão
mais incrível na sala de estar dela.
mais incrível na sala de estar dela.
03:41
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
03:43
And so I knew I could be a chemist.
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Eu sabia que poderia ser químico.
Assim como continuei a jornada
pelo ensino médio,
pelo ensino médio,
03:44
So as I went on this journey
through a high school,
through a high school,
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03:47
and I went to college,
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fui para a faculdade,
03:49
and I got a football scholarship
to play football in college.
to play football in college.
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e consegui uma bolsa de estudos
para jogar futebol lá.
para jogar futebol lá.
03:52
And I knew that I could be a chemist,
because I'd already blown stuff up.
because I'd already blown stuff up.
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Eu sabia que poderia ser químico,
porque já havia causado explosões.
porque já havia causado explosões.
03:55
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
03:57
And when I graduated,
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Quando eu me formei,
04:00
I got drafted to the Detroit Lions.
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fui chamado para o Detroit Lions.
04:03
But I pulled a hamstring in training camp,
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Mas estirei o tendão
no campo de treinamento.
no campo de treinamento.
Fiz como todo ex-jogador da NFL:
fui trabalhar para a NASA.
fui trabalhar para a NASA.
04:05
and so what every former NFL player does,
they go work for NASA, right?
they go work for NASA, right?
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04:09
So I went to work for NASA.
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04:10
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
04:11
And this friend of mine said,
"Leland, you'd be great astronaut."
"Leland, you'd be great astronaut."
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Um amigo meu disse: "Leland,
você seria um ótimo astronauta".
você seria um ótimo astronauta".
04:14
I just laughed at him,
I was like, "Yeah, me, an astronaut?"
I was like, "Yeah, me, an astronaut?"
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Só ri dele e pensei:
"Sim, eu, astronauta?"
"Sim, eu, astronauta?"
Sabe aquele lance do Neil
e do Buzz em 1969?
e do Buzz em 1969?
04:17
You know that Neil and Buzz
thing from back in '69?
thing from back in '69?
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Ele me deu um formulário,
que analisei, mas não preenchi.
que analisei, mas não preenchi.
04:19
And he handed me an application,
and I looked at it,
and I looked at it,
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04:22
and I didn't fill it out.
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04:23
And that same year, another friend of mine
filled out the application
filled out the application
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Naquele mesmo ano, outro amigo meu
preencheu o formulário
preencheu o formulário
04:28
and he got in.
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e entrou.
04:30
And I said to myself,
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Pensei comigo:
04:32
"If NASA's letting knuckleheads
like that be astronauts,"
like that be astronauts,"
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"Se a NASA deixa que idiotas
como esse sejam astronautas,
como esse sejam astronautas,
04:35
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
talvez eu também possa ser um".
04:37
"maybe I can be one, too."
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04:38
So the next selection, I filled out
the application, and I got in.
the application, and I got in.
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Então, na próxima seleção,
preenchi o formulário e entrei.
preenchi o formulário e entrei.
04:42
And I didn't know
what it meant to be an astronaut:
what it meant to be an astronaut:
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Eu não sabia o que era ser astronauta:
04:46
the training, the simulations,
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o treinamento, as simulações,
04:48
all these things to get you ready
for this countdown:
for this countdown:
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todas essas coisas que preparam você
para a contagem regressiva:
para a contagem regressiva:
04:51
three, two, one, liftoff.
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três, dois, um, decolar.
04:54
And in 2007, I was in Space Shuttle
"Atlantis," careening off the planet,
"Atlantis," careening off the planet,
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Em 2007, eu estava no ônibus espacial
Atlantis, partindo do planeta,
Atlantis, partindo do planeta,
04:59
traveling at 17,500 miles per hour.
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viajando a 28 mil quilômetros por hora.
05:03
And eight and a half minutes later,
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Oito minutos e meio depois,
05:05
the main engines cut off,
and we're now floating in space.
and we're now floating in space.
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os motores principais pararam de repente,
e estávamos flutuando no espaço.
e estávamos flutuando no espaço.
05:09
And I push off
and float over to the window,
and float over to the window,
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Saio e flutuo até a janela
05:12
and I can see the Caribbean.
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e consigo ver o Caribe.
05:14
And I need new definitions of blue
to describe the colors that I see.
to describe the colors that I see.
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Preciso de novas definições de azul
para descrever as cores que vejo.
para descrever as cores que vejo.
05:18
Azure, indigo, navy blue,
medium navy blue, turquoise
medium navy blue, turquoise
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Azul, índigo, azul-marinho,
azul-marinho médio, turquesa
azul-marinho médio, turquesa
05:22
don't do any justice
to what I see with my eyes.
to what I see with my eyes.
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não fazem justiça ao que meus olhos veem.
05:26
And my job on this mission was to install
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Meu trabalho nessa missão foi instalar
05:29
this two-billion dollar
Columbus laboratory.
Columbus laboratory.
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o laboratório de Columbus
de US$ 2 bilhões.
de US$ 2 bilhões.
05:33
It was a research laboratory
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Era um laboratório de pesquisa
05:34
for materials research,
for human research.
for human research.
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para pesquisa de materiais, em humanos.
05:37
And I reached into the payload bay
of the space shuttle,
of the space shuttle,
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Cheguei ao compartimento
de carga do ônibus espacial,
de carga do ônibus espacial,
05:41
grabbed out this big module,
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tirei o grande módulo
05:43
and I used the robotic arm
and I attached it to the space station.
and I attached it to the space station.
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usei o braço robótico
e o anexei à estação espacial.
e o anexei à estação espacial.
05:47
And the European team have been waiting
10 years for this thing to get installed,
10 years for this thing to get installed,
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A equipe europeia estava aguardando
há dez anos por essa instalação.
há dez anos por essa instalação.
05:51
so I'm sure everyone in Europe was like,
"Leland! Leland! Leland!"
"Leland! Leland! Leland!"
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Tenho certeza de que todos na Europa
estavam assim: "Leland! Leland! Leland!"
estavam assim: "Leland! Leland! Leland!"
05:56
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
05:57
And so this moment happened,
this was our primary mission objective,
this was our primary mission objective,
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Então, aconteceu esse momento:
nosso principal objetivo da missão.
nosso principal objetivo da missão.
06:01
it was done.
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Missão cumprida.
06:03
And I had this big sigh of relief.
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Dei um grande suspiro de alívio.
06:07
But then, Peggy Whitson,
the first female commander,
the first female commander,
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Mas, então, Peggy Whitson,
a primeira mulher comandante,
a primeira mulher comandante,
06:10
she invited us over
to the Russian segment.
to the Russian segment.
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nos convidou para o segmento russo.
06:12
And the space station's
about the size of a football field,
about the size of a football field,
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A estação espacial tem quase
o tamanho de um campo de futebol,
o tamanho de um campo de futebol,
06:15
with solar panel and trusses
and all of these modules.
and all of these modules.
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com painel solar, treliças
e todos esses módulos.
e todos esses módulos.
06:19
And she says, "Leland, you go get
the rehydrated vegetables,
the rehydrated vegetables,
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Ela diz: "Leland, vá buscar
os vegetais reidratados;
os vegetais reidratados;
06:22
we have the meat."
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temos a carne".
06:23
So we float over with the bag
of vegetables, all rehydrated,
of vegetables, all rehydrated,
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Flutuamos com a sacola de vegetais,
todos reidratados,
todos reidratados,
06:27
and we get there.
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e chegamos lá.
06:29
And there's this moment
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Há o momento
06:30
where I get [transported]
back to my mother's kitchen.
back to my mother's kitchen.
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em que sou transportado de volta
à cozinha de minha mãe.
à cozinha de minha mãe.
06:35
You can smell the beef
and barley heating up,
and barley heating up,
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Dá para sentir o cheiro da carne
e da cevada esquentando,
e da cevada esquentando,
06:37
you can smell the food, the colors,
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o cheiro da comida, das cores,
06:41
and there are people there
from all around the world.
from all around the world.
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e há pessoas de todo o mundo lá.
06:44
It's like a Benetton commercial,
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É como um comercial da Benetton:
06:46
you know, you have African American,
Asian American, French, German, Russian,
Asian American, French, German, Russian,
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temos afro-americano, ásio-americano,
francês, alemão, russo,
francês, alemão, russo,
a primeira comandante mulher,
06:50
the first female commander,
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06:51
breaking bread at 17,500 miles per hour,
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comendo juntos a 28 mil
quilômetros por hora,
quilômetros por hora,
06:55
going around the planet every 90 minutes,
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dando a volta no planeta
a cada 90 minutos,
a cada 90 minutos,
06:57
seeing a sunrise and a sunset every 45.
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vendo o nascer e o pôr do sol a cada 45.
07:01
And Peggy would say,
"Hey, Leland, try some of this,"
"Hey, Leland, try some of this,"
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Peggy dizia: "Ei, Leland,
experimente um pouco disso",
experimente um pouco disso",
e deixava aquilo flutuar até minha boca.
07:03
and she'd float it over to my mouth,
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07:05
and I'd catch it
and we'd go back and forth.
and we'd go back and forth.
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Eu pegava, e íamos pra lá e pra cá.
07:07
And we're doing all of this while
listening to Sade's "Smooth Operator."
listening to Sade's "Smooth Operator."
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Fazíamos tudo isso ouvindo
a música da Sade:
a música da Sade:
♪ Smooth operator... ♪
07:13
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
07:14
I mean, this is like
blowing my mind, you know.
blowing my mind, you know.
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Quero dizer, é uma piração.
07:16
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
07:17
And I float over to the window,
and I look down at the planet,
and I look down at the planet,
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Flutuo até a janela,
olho para o planeta lá embaixo
olho para o planeta lá embaixo
07:21
and I see all of humanity.
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e vejo toda a humanidade.
07:24
And my perspective changes at that moment,
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Minha perspectiva muda naquele momento,
07:27
because, I'm flying over Lynchburg,
Virginia, my home town,
Virginia, my home town,
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porque sobrevoo Lynchburg,
Virgínia, minha cidade natal,
Virgínia, minha cidade natal,
e minha família deve estar
comendo todos juntos.
comendo todos juntos.
07:30
and my family's probably breaking bread.
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07:32
And five minutes later,
we're flying over Paris,
we're flying over Paris,
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Cinco minutos depois,
estamos sobrevoando Paris,
estamos sobrevoando Paris,
07:34
where Leo Eyharts
is looking down at his parents,
is looking down at his parents,
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onde Leo Eyharts olha pra baixo,
para a casa dos pais,
para a casa dos pais,
07:37
probably having some wine and cheese,
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que devem estar saboreando vinho e queijo.
07:39
and Yuri's looking off to Moscow,
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Yuri olha para Moscou,
07:41
and they're probably eating
borscht or something else.
borscht or something else.
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onde devem estar comendo
"borscht" ou outra coisa.
"borscht" ou outra coisa.
07:43
But we're all having this moment
where we see our respective families
where we see our respective families
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Todos nós estamos tendo o momento
em que vemos nossas respectivas famílias
em que vemos nossas respectivas famílias
07:48
working together as one civilization,
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atuando juntas como uma civilização,
07:52
at 17,500 miles per hour.
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a 28 mil quilômetros por hora.
07:56
My perspective shifted cognitively,
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Minha perspectiva mudou cognitivamente.
07:59
it changed me.
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Isso me mudou.
08:00
And when I think about being
that little skinny boy,
that little skinny boy,
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Quando penso naquele garotinho magricela
da às vezes racista
Lynchburg, na Virgínia,
Lynchburg, na Virgínia,
08:02
from sometimes racist Lynchburg, Virginia,
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08:06
I would never have had that perspective
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eu nunca teria essa perspectiva
08:10
to think about myself
of being an astronaut,
of being an astronaut,
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de pensar em mim mesmo como astronauta,
08:13
if my father hadn't taken us on a journey
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se meu pai não tivesse
nos levado em uma jornada
nos levado em uma jornada
08:16
in this radical craft that we built
with our own two hands.
with our own two hands.
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naquele trailer radical que construímos
com nossas próprias mãos.
com nossas próprias mãos.
08:22
When I came home,
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Quando cheguei em casa,
08:24
I realized that perspective is something
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percebi que a perspectiva é algo
08:28
that we all get and we all have.
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que todos nós recebemos e temos.
08:32
It's just how far
do we open up our blinders
do we open up our blinders
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É apenas até que ponto retiramos
nossas vendas dos olhos
nossas vendas dos olhos
08:34
to see that shift and that change.
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para ver essa mudança.
08:37
And going back to the space station,
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Voltando à estação espacial,
08:39
I think of, you know, Germans
and Russians fighting Americans.
and Russians fighting Americans.
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penso nos alemães e russos
combatendo os norte-americanos.
combatendo os norte-americanos.
08:45
We have these people
living and working together.
living and working together.
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Temos essas pessoas
vivendo e trabalhando juntas:
vivendo e trabalhando juntas:
08:48
White folks, black folks, Russian folks,
French folks, you know.
French folks, you know.
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brancos, negros, russos, franceses.
08:52
All these different people coexisting
in harmony as one race.
in harmony as one race.
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Todas essas pessoas diferentes
convivendo em harmonia como uma raça.
convivendo em harmonia como uma raça.
08:58
And I think about the colors that I saw,
the design of the modules,
the design of the modules,
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Penso nas cores que vi,
no desenho dos módulos,
no desenho dos módulos,
09:02
the way that things fit together,
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no jeito que as coisas se encaixam,
que nos tornou uma comunidade, nosso lar.
que nos tornou uma comunidade, nosso lar.
09:04
the way that it made us
a community, our home.
a community, our home.
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09:09
And so when I look up to space now,
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Então, quando olho para o espaço agora,
09:13
and I have this newfound perspective
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e tenho essa perspectiva recém-descoberta
09:17
on the space station going overhead
and looking there,
and looking there,
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sobre a estação espacial
passando lá em cima
passando lá em cima
e olhando para lá e depois de volta
para minha comunidade
para minha comunidade
09:20
and then looking back at my community
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09:22
and seeing the people
that I'm living and working with,
that I'm living and working with,
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e vendo as pessoas com quem
estou vivendo, trabalhando
estou vivendo, trabalhando
09:25
and coexisting with,
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e convivendo,
09:27
I think it's something that we all
can do now, especially in these times,
can do now, especially in these times,
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acho que é algo que todos nós podemos
fazer agora, especialmente nestes tempos,
fazer agora, especialmente nestes tempos,
09:33
to make sure that we have
the right perspective.
the right perspective.
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para ter certeza de que temos
a perspectiva certa.
a perspectiva certa.
09:38
Thank you.
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Obrigado.
09:39
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
09:44
Chee Pearlman: If you don't mind,
could I just chat with you for a minute,
could I just chat with you for a minute,
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Chee Pearlman: Se não se importa,
gostaria de conversar com você,
gostaria de conversar com você,
porque eles vão montar
algumas coisas aqui,
algumas coisas aqui,
09:47
because they're going to set up
some things here.
some things here.
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09:50
And I get to have you all to myself, OK.
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e posso ter você só para mim.
Leland Melvin: Tudo bem.
09:52
Leland Melvin: Alright.
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09:54
CP: You guys don't get to hear this.
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CP: Vocês não podem ouvir isso.
09:56
So I have to tell you
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Tenho que lhe dizer
09:58
that in my family,
we watch a lot of space movies
we watch a lot of space movies
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que, em minha família, assistimos
a muitos filmes espaciais
a muitos filmes espaciais
10:03
about astronauts and stuff like that.
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sobre astronautas e coisas assim.
10:05
I can't tell you why, but we do.
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Não sei dizer por que, mas assistimos.
10:07
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
10:09
The thing that I wanted
to ask you, though,
to ask you, though,
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Eu queria lhe fazer uma pergunta.
10:11
is that we were seeing
this movie the other day,
this movie the other day,
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Estávamos vendo um filme outro dia.
10:15
and it was about one of the astronauts,
one of your colleagues,
one of your colleagues,
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Tratava-se de um dos astronautas,
um de seus colegas.
um de seus colegas.
10:19
and before he went up into space,
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Antes de ele ir para o espaço,
10:22
they actually wrote an obituary,
NASA wrote an obituary for him.
NASA wrote an obituary for him.
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na verdade, a NASA escreveu
um obituário para ele.
um obituário para ele.
10:26
And I was like, is that normal?
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Pensei: isso é normal?
10:28
And is that part of the job?
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Faz parte do trabalho?
10:30
Do you think about that peril
that you're putting yourself in
that you're putting yourself in
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Você pensa no perigo em que se coloca
10:36
as you go into space?
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quando vai para o espaço?
10:37
LM: Yeah.
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LM: Sim.
10:38
So, I don't remember anyone
writing my obituary,
writing my obituary,
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Não me lembro de escreverem meu obituário.
Talvez tenha sido algo na época da Apolo.
10:41
maybe that was an Apollo-day thing.
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10:43
But I do know that in the 135
shuttle flights that we've had,
shuttle flights that we've had,
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Mas sei que, dos 135 voos
de ônibus espacial que tivemos,
de ônibus espacial que tivemos,
10:48
the shuttle that I flew on,
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no ônibus no qual voei,
10:50
we had two accidents
that killed everyone on that mission.
that killed everyone on that mission.
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tivemos dois acidentes que mataram
todos daquela missão.
todos daquela missão.
10:55
And we all know the perils
and the risks that go along with this,
and the risks that go along with this,
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Todos nós conhecemos os perigos
e os riscos que acompanham isso,
e os riscos que acompanham isso,
10:58
but we're doing something
that's much bigger than ourselves,
that's much bigger than ourselves,
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mas estamos fazendo algo
muito maior do que nós mesmos
muito maior do que nós mesmos
11:01
and helping advance civilization,
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e ajudando no avanço da civilização,
11:03
so the risk is worth the reward.
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de modo que o risco compensa.
11:06
And we all feel that way
when we get into that vehicle
when we get into that vehicle
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Todos nos sentimos assim
quando entramos naquela espaçonave,
quando entramos naquela espaçonave,
11:09
ans strap into those million pounds
of rocket fuel and go up to space.
of rocket fuel and go up to space.
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nos amarramos àqueles milhões de litros
de combustível do foguete
de combustível do foguete
e vamos para o espaço.
11:13
CP: Yeah, I've only seen
the Hollywood version --
the Hollywood version --
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CP: Sim, só vi a versão de Hollywood.
11:16
it looks pretty terrifying,
I have to tell you.
I have to tell you.
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Parece muito assustador, devo lhe dizer.
11:18
LM: You should go.
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LM: Você deveria ir.
11:19
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
11:21
CP: Yeah, my husband's
told me that a few times.
told me that a few times.
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CP: Sim, meu marido
me disse isso algumas vezes.
me disse isso algumas vezes.
11:23
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
11:25
LM: One-way trip or two-way?
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1960
LM: Viagem só de ida, ou ida e volta?
11:27
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
11:29
CP: That’s a bit of a debate in our house.
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CP: Isso gerou certa discussão em casa.
11:31
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
11:33
I wanted to, if I may ...
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Eu gostaria, se me permite...
11:37
You did touch on something
that was very powerful and difficult,
that was very powerful and difficult,
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Você tocou em algo muito forte e difícil,
11:42
which is, you spoke about this incident
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ou seja, você falou sobre esse incidente
11:46
that had happened to you
when you were five years old,
when you were five years old,
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que aconteceu quando você tinha
cinco anos e foi estuprado.
cinco anos e foi estuprado.
11:49
and that you were raped.
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Creio que para conseguir falar sobre isso,
11:50
And I just think that
for you to be able to say those things,
for you to be able to say those things,
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11:53
you know, on the TED stage,
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sabe, no palco do TED,
11:55
to be able to talk about that at all,
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só de poder falar a respeito,
11:58
is pretty fearless.
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é bem destemido.
12:00
And I wanted to get a sense from you,
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Eu queria ter uma percepção vinda de você.
12:03
is that something that you think
is important for you to share that now,
is important for you to share that now,
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4247
Isso é algo que você considera
importante compartilhar agora,
importante compartilhar agora,
12:07
to speak about it?
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falar a respeito?
12:08
LM: It's so important, especially for men,
to talk about things that have happened,
to talk about things that have happened,
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LM: É muito importante,
especialmente para os homens,
especialmente para os homens,
falar sobre coisas que aconteceram,
12:13
because we've been trained
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porque nossa sociedade nos treina e diz
que temos que ser muito fortes e duros
que temos que ser muito fortes e duros
12:14
and told by our society
that we have to be so tough and so hard
that we have to be so tough and so hard
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e não podemos falar de coisas
que estão acontecendo conosco.
que estão acontecendo conosco.
12:18
and we can't tell of things
that are happening to us.
that are happening to us.
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12:21
But I've had so many men
contact me and tell me that,
contact me and tell me that,
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No entanto, tantos homens
me contataram e disseram:
me contataram e disseram:
12:25
"You came through that, you got over that,
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2049
"Você passou por isso, você superou,
vou superar meu alcoolismo",
vou superar meu alcoolismo",
12:27
I'm going to get over my alcoholism,"
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e essas coisas que estão acontecendo
com eles, por causa do que eles sofreram.
com eles, por causa do que eles sofreram.
12:29
and these things
that are going on in them,
that are going on in them,
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12:31
because of what happened to them.
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12:32
And so we must share these stories,
this is part of storytelling,
this is part of storytelling,
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Assim devemos compartilhar
essas histórias; é parte da narrativa,
essas histórias; é parte da narrativa,
12:36
to heal us and to make us
whole as a community.
whole as a community.
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para nos curar e nos tornar
inteiros como comunidade.
inteiros como comunidade.
12:39
CP: That's wonderful.
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CP: Isso é maravilhoso.
12:41
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
12:46
And you know, quite honestly,
you spoke about perspective shift,
you spoke about perspective shift,
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Sinceramente, você falou
sobre mudança de perspectiva,
sobre mudança de perspectiva,
12:50
and that is a shift that I think
we've been very slow to accept
we've been very slow to accept
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e essa é uma mudança
que creio que demoramos muito
para aceitar e poder falar a respeito.
para aceitar e poder falar a respeito.
12:55
and to be able to speak about that,
so we thank you for that.
so we thank you for that.
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Então, agradecemos a você por isso:
12:59
We thank you for being
the amazing astronaut that you are,
the amazing astronaut that you are,
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por ser o incrível astronauta que você é,
13:02
and thank you for coming
to the TED stage, Leland.
to the TED stage, Leland.
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e obrigada por ter vindo
ao palco do TED, Leland.
ao palco do TED, Leland.
13:04
LM: Thank you so much, Chee.
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LM: Muito obrigado, Chee.
13:06
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Leland Melvin - Engineer, educatorLeland Melvin is an engineer, educator, former NASA astronaut and NFL wide receiver. He shares his stories of perseverance and excellence to inspire communities for lasting positive change.
Why you should listen
Leland Melvin served on board the Space Shuttle Atlantis as a mission specialist on mission STS-122 (2008) and STS-129 (2009), helping to construct the International Space Station. He also served as co-chair of the White House's Federal Coordination in STEM Education Task Force and as NASA Associate Administrator for Education. He can currently be seen as a judge on ABC's robot competition series "BattleBots."
"Houston, we have a problem." Melvin was 25 feet under water in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory, a six million gallon pool, training to perform spacewalks as a NASA astronaut when he called the test director and asked him to turn the volume up in his headset. He never heard a reply and was immediately hoisted out of the pool to learn that he was deaf. Emergency surgery resulting in only partial recovery to his hearing and led him to being medically disqualified to fly in space by NASA flight surgeons.
This is just one of the many career-ending challenges Melvin has overcome in his life. Before becoming an astronaut, he was drafted by the Detroit Lions to play professional football in 1986, but a hamstring injury thwarted his NFL career with Detroit and then later with the Dallas Cowboys. Through determination and perseverance, he ultimately traveled off-planet twice on Space Shuttle Atlantis to help construct the International Space Station, logging more than 565 hours in space. He's the only person drafted into the National Football League to have flown in space. The Pro Football Hall of Fame honored his athletic and academic accomplishments by placing his Detroit Lions jersey under glass in Canton, Ohio.
Melvin has a bachelor's degree in chemistry and a master's degree in materials science engineering. He worked at NASA Langley Research Center in the area of nondestructive testing creating optical fiber sensors for measuring damage in aerospace vehicles resulting in publications in numerous scientific journals. After hanging up his space boots, he was appointed head of NASA Education and served as the co-chair on the White House's Federal Coordination in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education Task Force developing the nation's five-year STEM education plan. He was the United States representative and chair of the International Space Education Board (ISEB), a global collaboration in space. He holds five honorary doctorates for his service in education, the sciences and philanthropy.
Melvin's memoir, Chasing Space: An Astronaut's Story of Grit, Grace, and Second Chances shares his personal journey from the gridiron to the stars and examines the intersecting roles of community, perseverance and grace that align to create the opportunities for success. A young reader's version of the book is available here.
Leland Melvin | Speaker | TED.com