TEDGlobal 2017
Zachariah Mampilly: How protest is redefining democracy around the world
Zachariah Mampilly: Kako protest redefinira demokracijo po svetu
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Demokratičen proces je neurejen, zapleten in dostikrat neučinkovit - a v Afriki aktivisti definirajo demokracijo tako, da v središče postavljajo protest. V poučnem predavanju nam politolog Zachariah Mampilly poda osnove glede trenutnega vala protestov, ki na novo oblikujejo dežele, kot so Tunizija, Malavi in Zimbabve - in razloži, kako ta oblika političnih nesoglasij širi naše politične domislice nad tisto, kar so nam povedali, da je mogoče.
Zachariah Mampilly - Political scientist
Zachariah Mampilly is an expert on the politics of both violent and non-violent resistance. Full bio
Zachariah Mampilly is an expert on the politics of both violent and non-violent resistance. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Kot mnogi od vas, sem pogosto
razočaran nad demokratičnim procesom.
razočaran nad demokratičnim procesom.
00:12
Like many of you, I'm often frustrated
by the democratic process.
by the democratic process.
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Je zmeden, je zapleten,
00:17
It's messy, it's complicated,
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je pogosto neučinkovit.
00:19
it's often inefficient.
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00:21
Our political leaders feel disconnected
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Čutiti je, da so naši
politični voditelji ločeni
politični voditelji ločeni
od skrbi navadnih ljudi.
00:24
from the concerns of ordinary people.
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00:27
Many feel that voting every few years
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Mnogi menijo, da volitve na nekaj let
00:29
for leaders disconnected
from their daily challenges
from their daily challenges
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za voditelje, nepovezane z
vsakodnevnimi izzivi,
vsakodnevnimi izzivi,
00:32
is pointless.
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niso smiselne.
Toda preden zavrnemo demokracijo,
00:35
But before we reject democracy,
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00:38
let's imagine what it could be.
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pomislimo, kaj bi lahko bila.
In verjamem, da afriški aktivisti
redefinirajo demokracijo tako,
redefinirajo demokracijo tako,
00:41
And I believe that African activists
are redefining democracy
are redefining democracy
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00:45
by putting protest at its center,
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da protest postavljajo v središče,
00:47
what I refer to as "protest democracy."
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kar imenujem "protestno demokracijo".
00:53
International organizations
and academic experts
and academic experts
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Mednarodne organizacije
in akademski strokovnjaki
in akademski strokovnjaki
opredeljujejo demokracijo kot redne,
večstrankarske volilne tekme.
večstrankarske volilne tekme.
00:56
define democracy as regular,
multiparty electoral competition.
multiparty electoral competition.
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A demokracija ne bi smela biti le
o elitah, ki si konkurirajo na voliščih.
o elitah, ki si konkurirajo na voliščih.
01:03
But democracy should not only be
about elites competing at the ballot box.
about elites competing at the ballot box.
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01:07
For it to have meaning,
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Da ima smisel,
01:09
it's something we must
engage in every day.
engage in every day.
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se moramo zavzemati vsak dan.
01:13
When I say "protest democracy,"
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Ko rečem "protestna demokracija",
ugovarjam načinu razmišljanja
o demokratičnem delovanju.
o demokratičnem delovanju.
01:16
I'm challenging how we think
about democratic action.
about democratic action.
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01:21
Viewing democracy as only elections
is no longer adequate
is no longer adequate
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Gledanje na demokracijo, kot da so
zgolj volitve, ni več ustrezno
zgolj volitve, ni več ustrezno
01:25
and threatens democracy itself.
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in ogroža demokracijo samo.
01:29
So we must protest democracy
to give it a renewed meaning.
to give it a renewed meaning.
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Zato moramo protestirati, da
demokraciji prenovimo pomen.
demokraciji prenovimo pomen.
01:36
What would this look like?
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Kako bi to izgledalo?
01:39
We need to turn to African societies,
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Obrniti se moramo k afriškim družbam,
01:41
where ordinary people
are increasingly taking to the streets
are increasingly taking to the streets
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kjer navadni ljudje
vedno bolj hodijo na ulice,
vedno bolj hodijo na ulice,
01:45
to transform their lives.
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da preoblikujejo svoje življenje.
01:47
African social movements
have often been at the forefront
have often been at the forefront
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Afriška družbena gibanja
so bila pogosto vodilna
so bila pogosto vodilna
01:50
of conceptualizing democracy in this way.
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pri pojmovanju demokracije na ta način.
01:53
This may come as a surprise
to those of who think
to those of who think
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To lahko preseneča tiste, ki mislijo,
01:55
that the only way
Africans engage in politics
Africans engage in politics
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da je edini način, da
Afričani sodelujejo v politiki,
Afričani sodelujejo v politiki,
01:58
is through the barrel of the gun.
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le preko cevi pušk.
02:01
But increasingly, young people
are taking to the streets
are taking to the streets
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Toda vedno bolj
pogosto mladi hodijo na ulice
pogosto mladi hodijo na ulice
02:04
and abandoning organized violence
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in opuščajo organizirano nasilje
02:07
in favor of more effective
nonviolent action.
nonviolent action.
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v prid bolj učinkovitemu
nenasilnemu delovanju.
nenasilnemu delovanju.
Zadnji dve desetletji sem se veliko
pogovarjal z afriškimi aktivisti,
pogovarjal z afriškimi aktivisti,
02:12
I've spent much of the past two decades
talking to African activists,
talking to African activists,
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tako nasilnimi, kot nenasilnimi.
02:15
both violent and nonviolent.
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Po Afriki se mladi dvigajo proti
02:19
Across Africa, young people are rising up
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skoraj vsaki vrsti režima,
ki je znana človeštvu.
ki je znana človeštvu.
02:21
to challenge almost every
type of regime known to humanity.
type of regime known to humanity.
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02:25
This is my friend Thiat.
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To je moj prijatelj Thiat.
Je raper iz Senegala.
02:27
He's a rapper from Senegal.
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Vodil je veliko gibanje v Senegalu,
02:29
He led a large movement in Senegal
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ki je uspešno preprečilo predsedniku,
da bi ukradel tretji mandat.
da bi ukradel tretji mandat.
02:31
that was successful in preventing
the president from stealing a third term.
the president from stealing a third term.
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Od Maroka do Lesota
02:35
From Morocco to Lesotho,
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se mladi dvigujejo proti
uveljavljenim monarhijam;
uveljavljenim monarhijam;
02:37
young people are rising up
against entrenched monarchies:
against entrenched monarchies:
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02:41
in Egypt and Sudan,
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v Egiptu in Sudanu
02:43
against brutal dictatorships;
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proti surovim diktaturam;
02:46
in Uganda and Ethiopia,
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v Ugandi in Etiopiji
02:48
against powerful militarized states
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proti močno militariziranim državam
02:51
with quasi-democratic veneers;
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s kvazi-demokratično prevleko;
02:56
in South Africa,
where this image was taken,
where this image was taken,
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v Južni Afriki,
kjer je bila posneta ta slika,
kjer je bila posneta ta slika,
02:58
and Burundi,
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in v Burundiju
03:00
against democratically elected leaders
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proti demokratično izvoljenim voditeljem,
03:02
who have done little to improve
the conditions for ordinary people.
the conditions for ordinary people.
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ki so naredili malo, da bi se
izboljšali pogoji za navadne ljudi.
izboljšali pogoji za navadne ljudi.
03:06
Across the continent,
protest is not exceptional,
protest is not exceptional,
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Po vsej celini protest ni izjemen,
03:09
but a normal part of life.
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ampak normalen del življenja.
03:12
Africans use protests
to challenge both dictators
to challenge both dictators
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Afričani uporabljajo
proteste tako proti diktatorjem,
proteste tako proti diktatorjem,
03:15
as well as power cuts.
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kot tudi, ko zmanjka elektrike.
03:19
In a way, Africans are protesting
democracy itself,
democracy itself,
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Na nek način Afričani
protestirajo za demokracijo samo
protestirajo za demokracijo samo
03:23
enriching its possibilities for us all.
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in bogatijo možnosti za vse nas.
03:26
There have been two
major waves of African protest,
major waves of African protest,
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V Afriki sta bila
dva velika vala protestov
dva velika vala protestov
03:28
and we are currently living
through the third,
through the third,
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in trenutno preživljamo tretjega,
ki se je začel okoli leta 2005.
ki se je začel okoli leta 2005.
03:31
which began around 2005.
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03:32
It includes the so-called Arab Spring,
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Vključuje tako imenovano arabsko pomlad,
03:35
which took place mostly on the continent.
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ki se je odvijala predvsem na tej celini.
03:39
The first wave took place
in the 1940s and 1950s
in the 1940s and 1950s
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Prvi val je potekal v štiridesetih
in petdesetih letih
in petdesetih letih
03:42
and led to Africa's decolonization.
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in je privedel do dekolonizacije Afrike.
03:45
Kwame Nkrumah led
a broad coalition in Ghana
a broad coalition in Ghana
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Kwame Nkrumah je vodil
široko koalicijo v Gani,
široko koalicijo v Gani,
03:49
that overthrew British rule,
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ki je strmoglavila britansko nadvlado,
03:51
providing a template
for nonviolent movements globally.
for nonviolent movements globally.
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kar je postalo vzor
za nenasilna gibanja po vsem svetu.
za nenasilna gibanja po vsem svetu.
03:55
The second wave took place
in the 1980s and 1990s
in the 1980s and 1990s
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Drugi val je potekal v osemdesetih
in devetdesetih
in devetdesetih
03:59
against austerity measures
that imposed harsh conditions
that imposed harsh conditions
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proti varčevalnim ukrepom,
ki so nalagali hude obremenitve
ki so nalagali hude obremenitve
04:01
on African economies.
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afriškim gospodarstvom.
04:04
These protests led to the overthrow
of autocratic regimes
of autocratic regimes
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Ti protesti so privedli do strmoglavljenja
avtokratskih režimov
avtokratskih režimov
04:07
and led to the introduction
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in do uvedbe
04:08
of multiparty elections
across the continent.
across the continent.
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večstrankarskih volitev po vsej celini.
04:13
The ongoing third wave is correcting
the shortcomings of the earlier two.
the shortcomings of the earlier two.
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Sedanji tretji val popravlja
pomanjkljivosti prejšnjih dveh.
pomanjkljivosti prejšnjih dveh.
04:19
If the first wave brought
liberation but not democracy,
liberation but not democracy,
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Če je prvi val prinesel osvoboditev,
a ne demokracijo,
a ne demokracijo,
04:24
and the second, elections
but only for the elites,
but only for the elites,
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in drugi volitve, ampak samo za elite,
04:28
then it is the third wave
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potem je tretji val tisti,
04:29
that is most concerned
with transforming democracy
with transforming democracy
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ki se posveča preoblikovanju demokracije
04:32
into the rule of the people.
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v vladavino ljudstva.
To vključuje gibanja kot
Y'en a Marre v Senegalu,
Y'en a Marre v Senegalu,
04:35
It includes movements
like Y'en a Marre in Senegal,
like Y'en a Marre in Senegal,
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04:39
Le Balai Citoyen in Burkina Faso,
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Le balai citoyen v Burkini Faso,
04:41
Tajamuka in Zimbabwe,
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Tajamuka v Zimbabveju,
04:43
LUCHA and Filimbi
in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
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LUCHA in Filimbi
v Demokratični republiki Kongo,
v Demokratični republiki Kongo,
04:47
movements that work outside of more
conventional nongovernmental organizations
conventional nongovernmental organizations
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to so gibanja, ki delujejo zunaj
klasičnih nevladnih organizacij
klasičnih nevladnih organizacij
04:52
and political parties
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in političnih strank,
04:53
to challenge the economic
and political system itself,
and political system itself,
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da se upirajo gospodarskemu in
političnemu sistemu samemu,
političnemu sistemu samemu,
04:57
often at great risk.
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pogosto v hudi nevarnosti.
04:59
Brilliant young activists
like LUCHA's Fred Bauma
like LUCHA's Fred Bauma
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Briljantni mladi aktivisti, kot je
Fred Bauma iz gibanja LUCHA,
Fred Bauma iz gibanja LUCHA,
05:02
have been detained and tortured,
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so bili zaprti in mučeni,
05:05
often with little to no outcry
from the international community.
from the international community.
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pogosto z malo ali nič ogorčenja
mednarodne skupnosti.
mednarodne skupnosti.
Seznam se nadaljuje, kot kažejo
nekateri podatki, ki smo jih zbrali.
nekateri podatki, ki smo jih zbrali.
05:09
The list goes on, as you can see
from some of the data we collected.
from some of the data we collected.
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05:12
There have been large popular protests
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Veliki ljudski protesti so bili
05:14
in over 40 African countries since 2005,
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v več kot 40 afriških državah po letu 2005
05:18
and if you look,
you'll recognize that in 2011,
you'll recognize that in 2011,
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in če pogledate, boste videli, da je 2011,
05:21
the year of the so-called Arab Spring,
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leto tako imenovane arabske pomladi,
05:23
was actually the spike
of this broader wave.
of this broader wave.
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dejansko vrhunec tega širšega vala.
V nasprotju s splošnim prepričanjem
05:26
Contrary to popular belief,
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so bili mnogi od teh protestov uspešni.
05:27
many of these protests
have been successful.
have been successful.
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05:30
We know of the dictators falling
in Tunisia and in Egypt,
in Tunisia and in Egypt,
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Vemo za diktatorje, ki so padli
v Tuniziji in v Egiptu,
v Tuniziji in v Egiptu,
a ljudska gibanja so preprečila tudi,
da bi predsedniki ukradli tretji mandat
da bi predsedniki ukradli tretji mandat
05:34
but popular movements have prevented
presidents from stealing third terms
presidents from stealing third terms
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v Senegalu, v Malaviju in Burkini Faso.
05:38
in Senegal, in Malawi
and Burkina Faso as well.
and Burkina Faso as well.
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05:43
What's driving this upsurge of protest?
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Kaj žene ta porast protestov?
05:46
Demographically,
Africa is both the youngest
Africa is both the youngest
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Demografsko je Afrika tako najmlajša
05:49
and the fastest-growing continent,
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in najhitreje rastoča celina,
05:51
with the largest age gap
between the people and their rulers.
between the people and their rulers.
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kot tudi z največjo starostno razliko
med ljudmi in njihovimi vladarji.
med ljudmi in njihovimi vladarji.
05:55
It is urbanizing at a tremendous pace.
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Urbanizira se z izjemno hitrostjo.
05:58
Economically, African countries
have been growing for over a decade now,
have been growing for over a decade now,
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Gospodarsko so afriške države rasle
več kot desetletje,
več kot desetletje,
06:02
largely driven by investments from Asia.
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v veliki meri zaradi naložb iz Azije.
06:05
But little of this wealth
is trickling down.
is trickling down.
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A le malo tega bogastva prikaplja navzdol.
06:09
Formal jobs in the industrial sector
are actually decreasing,
are actually decreasing,
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Formalna delovna mesta v industrijskem
sektorju dejansko izginjajo,
sektorju dejansko izginjajo,
06:13
with informal labor the only option left
for people to eke out a living.
for people to eke out a living.
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tako da neformalno delo ostane ljudem
edina možnost, da preživijo.
edina možnost, da preživijo.
06:18
As a result, inequality is skyrocketing,
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Zato se neenakost zelo hitro veča
06:21
and political leaders
are increasingly disconnected
are increasingly disconnected
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in politični voditelji
so vse bolj nepovezani
so vse bolj nepovezani
s svojimi precej mlajšimi populacijami.
06:24
from their much younger populations.
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Mi, ki nismo v Afriki,
06:26
For those of us from outside of Africa,
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smo seznanjeni z deli te zgodbe:
06:28
we're familiar with parts of this story:
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ogromen porast neenakosti,
06:30
a massive spike in inequality,
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06:33
the product of a decline
in good jobs for good wages
in good jobs for good wages
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zaradi upada dobrih delovnih mest
za dobre plače,
za dobre plače,
06:36
that were once considered
the hallmark of an advanced society;
the hallmark of an advanced society;
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kar je nekoč veljalo
za znak napredne družbe;
za znak napredne družbe;
06:39
the capture of our
political parties by elites
political parties by elites
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elite so zasegle naše politične stranke,
06:42
accompanied by the hollowing
out of civil society
out of civil society
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kar spremlja votljenje civilne družbe,
06:45
that once provided a voice
to ordinary people;
to ordinary people;
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ki je nekoč dajala glas navadnim ljudem;
06:48
that sinking feeling
that no matter what you do,
that no matter what you do,
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ta obupni občutek,
da ne glede na to, kaj počnete,
da ne glede na to, kaj počnete,
06:51
external factors related
to the global economy
to the global economy
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lahko zunanji dejavniki, povezani
s svetovnim gospodarstvom,
s svetovnim gospodarstvom,
06:54
can disrupt our lives for the worse.
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pokvarijo naše življenje na slabše.
06:58
Our political leaders seem helpless,
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Naši politični voditelji se zde nemočni,
07:00
insisting on austerity,
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ko vztrajajo pri varčevanju,
čeprav se javne dobrine zmanjšujejo na
raven, nevideno v desetletjih.
raven, nevideno v desetletjih.
07:03
even as public goods diminish
to levels unseen in decades.
to levels unseen in decades.
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07:06
And this is when they're not succumbing
to exclusionary nationalism,
to exclusionary nationalism,
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In to, ko ne podlegajo
izključevalnemu nacionalizmu,
izključevalnemu nacionalizmu,
07:10
blaming our woes on the weak
rather than the powerful.
rather than the powerful.
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krivijo za naše nadloge šibke in ne močne.
07:15
What those of us from North America
and Western Europe consider to be new
and Western Europe consider to be new
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Kar opažamo mi iz Severne Amerike in
Zahodne Evrope kot novo,
Zahodne Evrope kot novo,
07:18
has been the normal condition
of African life since the 1970s.
of African life since the 1970s.
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je bilo normalno stanje afriškega
življenja od leta 1970.
življenja od leta 1970.
07:22
So who better to learn from
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Torej, od koga se je bolje učiti
07:23
than those who have been engaged
in resistance to these conditions
in resistance to these conditions
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kot od tistih, ki so sodelovali
v odporu do teh pogojev najdlje?
v odporu do teh pogojev najdlje?
07:27
for the longest period of time?
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Kaj se lahko naučimo od
afriške protestne demokracije?
afriške protestne demokracije?
07:29
What can we learn
from African protest democracy?
from African protest democracy?
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07:32
First, democracy must begin
with ordinary people.
with ordinary people.
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Prvič, demokracija se mora začeti
z navadnimi ljudmi.
z navadnimi ljudmi.
Pogled na demokracijo, kot da so to samo
volitve, je povzročilo široko razočaranje.
volitve, je povzročilo široko razočaranje.
07:36
Viewing democracy as only elections
has led to widespread disillusionment.
has led to widespread disillusionment.
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Namesto tega moramo postaviti navadne
ljudi v središče demokratičnega življenja.
ljudi v središče demokratičnega življenja.
07:41
We must instead work to center
ordinary people in democratic life.
ordinary people in democratic life.
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07:45
Protest provides us one way to do that.
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Eno pot do tega nam zagotavlja protest.
07:48
Regardless of your age,
sexuality, your gender,
sexuality, your gender,
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Ne glede na starost,
spolno usmerjenost, spol,
spolno usmerjenost, spol,
07:52
whether you're a citizen or a non-citizen,
able-bodied or disabled,
able-bodied or disabled,
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ali ste državljan ali ne,
sposobni delati ali ne,
sposobni delati ali ne,
07:55
anyone can participate.
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vsakdo lahko sodeluje.
07:58
In contrast to elections,
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V nasprotju z volitvami
07:59
protests are not confined
by rigid electoral cycles.
by rigid electoral cycles.
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protesti niso omejeni
s togimi volilnimi cikli.
s togimi volilnimi cikli.
08:03
They offer a much more
immediate form of action
immediate form of action
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Nudijo veliko bolj neposreden
način delovanja
način delovanja
08:05
in our era of instant feedback.
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v tej dobi takojšnje povratne informacije.
08:08
Second, while protests may be messy,
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Drugič, čeprav so protesti
lahko neurejeni,
lahko neurejeni,
08:11
this is what makes them powerful.
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je to tisto, kar jih naredi močne.
08:14
Protests are contentious
and contested processes,
and contested processes,
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Protesti so sporni in tekmovalni postopki,
08:18
defined by contingent actions,
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opredeljeni z začasnimi ukrepi,
08:21
often devoid of clear messaging,
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dostikrat brez jasnega sporočila,
08:24
characterized by incomplete organization.
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tipično z nepopolno organizacijo.
08:27
These dynamics are what makes it easy
to dismiss protests as riots
to dismiss protests as riots
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Te dinamike omogočajo, da se
proteste zavrže kot nerede,
proteste zavrže kot nerede,
08:31
or to assume they are
of limited political utility.
of limited political utility.
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ali da se šteje, da imajo
omejeno politično uporabnost.
omejeno politično uporabnost.
08:35
But it also makes them easier to suppress.
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Ampak zato jih je tudi lažje zatreti.
08:38
Too often, governments do not view
protests as elementary to democracy.
protests as elementary to democracy.
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Prepogosto vlade ne gledajo na proteste
kot na osnovo demokracije.
kot na osnovo demokracije.
08:44
Instead, they violently crush
social movements
social movements
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Namesto tega s silo zatirajo
družbena gibanja
družbena gibanja
08:48
or work to discredit their message.
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ali se trudijo diskreditirati
njihova sporočila.
njihova sporočila.
08:53
Third, as I already hinted,
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Tretjič, kot sem že namignil,
08:56
protest is the space from which
new political imaginations may emerge.
new political imaginations may emerge.
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protest je prostor, od koder lahko
izvirajo nove politične domislice.
izvirajo nove politične domislice.
09:01
Protests are about coloring
outside the lines,
outside the lines,
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Pri protestih gre za
delovanje izven okvirjev,
delovanje izven okvirjev,
09:04
a way for ordinary people
to rewrite the rules of the game
to rewrite the rules of the game
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kar je pot za navadne ljudi,
da na novo napišejo pravila igre,
da na novo napišejo pravila igre,
09:08
that too many feel
are stacked against them.
are stacked against them.
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za katere premnogi čutijo,
da so naperjena proti njim.
da so naperjena proti njim.
09:11
Many young people in Africa
have grown up in societies
have grown up in societies
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Mnogi mladi ljudje v Afriki
so odraščali v družbah,
so odraščali v družbah,
v katerih je en sam vladar
vladal vse njihovo življenje.
vladal vse njihovo življenje.
09:14
where a single ruler
has ruled their entire lives.
has ruled their entire lives.
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09:17
Protest is the space
for new possibilities to emerge,
for new possibilities to emerge,
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Protest omogoča,
da se pojavljajo nove možnosti,
da se pojavljajo nove možnosti,
09:20
as young people begin
to discover their own power.
to discover their own power.
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ko mladi začno odkrivati svojo moč.
09:24
Consider the situation
of my friend Linda Masarira,
of my friend Linda Masarira,
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Pomislite na položaj moje prijateljice
Linde Masarira,
Linde Masarira,
09:28
a single mother of five,
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matere samohranilke s petimi otroki,
09:29
who is leading protests
against the Mugabe regime in Zimbabwe.
against the Mugabe regime in Zimbabwe.
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ki vodi proteste proti
Mugabejevemu režimu v Zimbabveju.
Mugabejevemu režimu v Zimbabveju.
09:34
She has been beaten, arrested, harassed.
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Bila je pretepena, aretirana, trpinčena.
09:37
But Linda perseveres, because
as she told me a few months ago,
as she told me a few months ago,
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Toda Linda vztraja, saj,
kot mi je povedala pred nekaj meseci,
kot mi je povedala pred nekaj meseci,
09:40
protest has given her a sense
of meaning and direction.
of meaning and direction.
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ji je protest dal občutek smisla in smeri.
09:43
And though she knows the odds against her,
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In čeprav ve, kaj vse je proti njej,
09:45
Linda perseveres.
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Linda vztraja.
09:47
Like Linda and other
young African activists,
young African activists,
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Tako kot Linda in drugi
mladi afriški aktivisti,
mladi afriški aktivisti,
09:51
we all must work to redefine democracy
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moramo vsi delati za novo
opredelitev demokracije
opredelitev demokracije
09:53
as something more than just
elections and political parties.
elections and political parties.
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za nekaj več, kot le volitve
in politične stranke.
in politične stranke.
09:58
Democracy is a creative process,
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Demokracija je ustvarjalni proces
10:01
and protest has always been the vehicle
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in protest je bil vedno vzvod
10:03
for expanding our political imaginations
beyond what we are told is possible.
beyond what we are told is possible.
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za širjenje naših političnih domislic nad
tisto, kar so nam povedali, da je mogoče.
tisto, kar so nam povedali, da je mogoče.
10:08
(In Swahili) Thank you very much.
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(V svahiliju) Hvala lepa.
10:09
(Applause)
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(Ploskanje)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Zachariah Mampilly - Political scientistZachariah Mampilly is an expert on the politics of both violent and non-violent resistance.
Why you should listen
Zachariah Mampilly has lived, worked and studied in Africa, South Asia and North America. An expert on the politics of both violent and nonviolent resistance, he is the author of Rebel Rulers: Insurgent Governance and Civilian Life during War (2011), based on extensive fieldwork in rebel-controlled zones of Congo, Sri Lanka and South Sudan. His 2015 book, Africa Uprising: Popular Protest and Political Change (with Adam Branch), examines the ongoing Third Wave of African protest and provides an inside look at recent movements in Ethiopia, Nigeria, Uganda and Sudan.
Mampilly writes widely on South Asian and African politics for a variety of publications, including Al Jazeera, The Hindu, The Washington Post, Foreign Affairs and N+1. He's a professor of political science and Africana studies at Vassar College in New York, and he spent 2012-2013 teaching at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, as a Fulbright Scholar.
Zachariah Mampilly | Speaker | TED.com