TEDNYC
Victoria Pratt: How judges can show respect
Viktorija Prat (Victoria Pratt): Kako sudije mogu da pokažu poštovanje
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Kako možemo osigurati da se u sudnicama širom sveta prema svima ophode sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem? Sudija pionir iz Nju Džersija, Viktorija Prat, deli svoje principe „procedualne pravde“ - četiri jednostavna, promišljena koraka, koji iznova definišu svakodnevni posao u njenoj sudnici u Njuarku, menjajući usput i živote ljudi. „Kada se sud ponaša drugačije, prirodno, i ljudi drugačije reaguju“, kaže Prat, „Mi želimo da ljudi ulaze u naše sudnice... znajući da će tu pravda biti zadovoljena.“
Victoria Pratt - Professor
Judge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice. Full bio
Judge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
"Judge, I want to tell you something.
I want to tell you something.
I want to tell you something.
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„Sudijo, želim da vam kažem nešto.
Želim nešto da vam kažem.
Želim nešto da vam kažem.
00:16
I been watching you
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Posmatrala sam vas.
00:18
and you're not two-faced.
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Vi niste dvolični.
00:20
You treat everybody the same."
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Vi sve tretirate jednako.“
00:23
That was said to me
by a transgender prostitute
by a transgender prostitute
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To mi je rekla transrodna prostitutka,
00:27
who before I had gotten on the bench
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koja je, pre nego što sam došla
na stolicu za sudije,
na stolicu za sudije,
00:29
had fired her public defender,
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otpustila svog javnog branioca,
00:31
insulted the court officer
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izvređala sudskog policajca
i izvikala se na osobu
koja je sedela pored nje:
koja je sedela pored nje:
00:33
and yelled at the person
sitting next to her,
sitting next to her,
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00:36
"I don't know what you're looking at.
I look better than the girl you're with."
I look better than the girl you're with."
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„Ne znam u šta gledaš. Ja izgledam bolje
nego devojka sa kojom si.“
nego devojka sa kojom si.“
00:39
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:41
She said this to me
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To mi je rekla
00:43
after I said her male name low enough
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nakon što sam njeno muško ime
izgovorila dovoljno tiho,
izgovorila dovoljno tiho,
00:46
so that it could
be picked up by the record,
be picked up by the record,
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da bi moglo biti zabeleženo,
00:49
but I said her female name loud enough
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a njeno žensko ime dovoljno glasno
00:51
so that she could walk down the aisle
towards counselor's table with dignity.
towards counselor's table with dignity.
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da bi mogla da sa dostojanstvom
došeta prolazom do savetnikovog stola.
došeta prolazom do savetnikovog stola.
00:56
This is procedural justice,
also known as procedural fairness,
also known as procedural fairness,
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Ovo se zove proceduralna pravda,
poznato i kao proceduralna pravičnost,
poznato i kao proceduralna pravičnost,
01:00
at its best.
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u svom najboljem obliku.
01:01
You see, I am the daughter
of an African-American garbageman
of an African-American garbageman
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Vidite, ja sam ćerka Afroamerikanca
koji je bio smećar,
koji je bio smećar,
01:05
who was born in Harlem
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koji je rođen u Harlemu
01:06
and spent his summers
in the segregated South.
in the segregated South.
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i koji je provodio leta
na rasno podeljenom jugu.
na rasno podeljenom jugu.
01:09
Soy la hija de una peluquera dominicana.
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Soy la hija de una peluquera dominicana.
01:12
I do that to make sure
you're still paying attention.
you're still paying attention.
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Ovo sam uradila samo da proverim
da li me pažljivo slušate.
da li me pažljivo slušate.
01:14
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:16
I'm the daughter of a Dominican beautician
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Ćerka sam dominikanske kozmetičarke,
01:18
who came to this country
for a better life for her unborn children.
for a better life for her unborn children.
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koja je došla u ovu zemlju u potrazi
za boljim životom za svoju nerođenu decu.
za boljim životom za svoju nerođenu decu.
01:22
My parents taught me, you treat everyone
you meet with dignity and respect,
you meet with dignity and respect,
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Roditelji su me učili:
ophodi se prema svima
ophodi se prema svima
sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem,
01:26
no matter how they look,
no matter how they dress,
no matter how they dress,
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bez obzira na to kako izgledaju,
šta imaju obučeno,
šta imaju obučeno,
01:28
no matter how they spoke.
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bez obzira na to kako govore.
01:31
You see, the principles of fairness
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Vidite, principi pravičnosti
01:33
were taught to me at an early age,
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su usađeni u mene na ranom uzrastu,
01:37
and unbeknownst to me,
it would be the most important lesson
it would be the most important lesson
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i nisam bila svesna
da je to bila najvažnija lekcija
da je to bila najvažnija lekcija
01:40
that I carried with me
to the Newark Municipal Court bench.
to the Newark Municipal Court bench.
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koju ću doneti sa sobom na stolicu
za sudiju Opštinskog suda u Njuarku.
za sudiju Opštinskog suda u Njuarku.
01:44
And because I was dragged
off the playground
off the playground
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Zbog toga što su me dovlačili
sa igrališta sa samo 10 godina
sa igrališta sa samo 10 godina
01:47
at the early age of 10
to translate for family members
to translate for family members
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da prevodim svojim članovima porodice
01:51
as they began to migrate
to the United States,
to the United States,
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kada su počeli da migriraju
u Sjedinjene Američke Države,
u Sjedinjene Američke Države,
01:54
I understand how daunting it can be
for a person, a novice,
for a person, a novice,
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ja razumem koliko obeshrabrujuće
za neku osobu, početnika,
za neku osobu, početnika,
01:59
to navigate any government system.
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može biti snalaženje
kroz bilo koji državni sistem.
kroz bilo koji državni sistem.
02:02
Every day across America
and around the globe,
and around the globe,
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Svakog dana, širom Amerike i cele planete,
02:05
people encounter our courts,
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ljudi se susreću sa sudovima,
02:08
and it is a place
that is foreign, intimidating
that is foreign, intimidating
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a to je mesto koje je nepoznato,
zastrašujuće i često neprijateljski
nastrojeno prema njima.
nastrojeno prema njima.
02:11
and often hostile towards them.
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02:15
They are confused
about the nature of their charges,
about the nature of their charges,
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Oni su zbunjeni prirodom njihovih optužbi,
02:19
annoyed about their encounters
with the police
with the police
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iznervirani zbog svog susreta sa policijom
02:22
and facing consequences that might impact
their relationships, their finances
their relationships, their finances
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i suočeni sa posledicama koje mogu uticati
na njihove odnose, njihove finansije,
na njihove odnose, njihove finansije,
02:27
and even their liberty.
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čak i njihovu slobodu.
02:29
Let me paint a picture for you
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Dozvolite mi da vam dočaram
02:30
of what it's like for the average person
who encounters our courts.
who encounters our courts.
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kako prosečnoj osobi izgleda
susret sa sudom.
susret sa sudom.
02:35
First, they're annoyed as they're probed
going through court security.
going through court security.
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Prvo, iznervirani su jer ih pretresaju
dok prolaze kroz sudsko obezbeđenje.
dok prolaze kroz sudsko obezbeđenje.
02:40
They finally get through court security,
they walk around the building,
they walk around the building,
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Konačno prolaze kroz sudsko obezbeđenje,
šetaju po zgradi,
pitaju različite ljude ista pitanja
pitaju različite ljude ista pitanja
02:43
they ask different people
the same question
the same question
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02:46
and get different answers.
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i dobijaju različite odgovore.
02:49
When they finally get
to where they're supposed to be,
to where they're supposed to be,
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Kada konačno dođu
do mesta gde bi trebali da budu,
do mesta gde bi trebali da budu,
02:51
it gets really bad
when they encounter the courts.
when they encounter the courts.
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postaje veoma loše
kada se susreću sa sudom.
kada se susreću sa sudom.
02:55
What would you think if I told you
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Šta biste rekli kada bih vam rekla
02:56
that you could improve
people's court experience,
people's court experience,
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da postoji način da se poboljša
ljudsko iskustvo sa sudovima,
ljudsko iskustvo sa sudovima,
03:00
increase their compliance with the law
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poveća njihovo pridržavanje zakona
03:03
and court orders,
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i sudskih poziva,
03:05
all the while increasing
the public's trust
the public's trust
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i istovremeno poveća poverenje javnosti
03:08
in the justice system
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u pravosudni sistem
03:09
with a simple idea?
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jednom jednostavnom idejom?
03:11
Well, that simple idea
is procedural justice
is procedural justice
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Ta jednostavna ideja
je proceduralna pravda
je proceduralna pravda
03:15
and it's a concept that says
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i to je koncept koji kaže da,
03:17
that if people perceive
they are treated fairly
they are treated fairly
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ako ljudi doživljavaju
da se prema njima ophodi pravedno,
da se prema njima ophodi pravedno,
03:20
and with dignity and respect,
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sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem,
03:22
they'll obey the law.
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oni će poštovati zakon.
03:24
Well, that's what
Yale professor Tom Tyler found
Yale professor Tom Tyler found
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To je ono što je profesor
Tom Tajler sa Jejla shvatio
Tom Tajler sa Jejla shvatio
03:27
when he began to study
as far back in the '70s
as far back in the '70s
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kada je počeo da izučava još '70-ih godina
03:30
why people obey the law.
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zašto ljudi poštuju zakon.
03:33
He found that if people
see the justice system
see the justice system
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On je pronašao da, ukoliko ljudi
vide pravosudni sistem
vide pravosudni sistem
03:35
as a legitimate authority
to impose rules and regulations,
to impose rules and regulations,
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kao legitiman autoritet
koji nameće pravila i propise,
koji nameće pravila i propise,
03:40
they would follow them.
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oni će ih pratiti.
03:41
His research concluded
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Zaključak njegovog istraživanja je bio
03:43
that people would be satisfied
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da bi ljudi bili zadovoljni
03:47
with the judge's rulings,
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sudskim presudama,
čak i ako je sudija presudio
na njihovu štetu,
na njihovu štetu,
03:49
even when the judge ruled against them,
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03:51
if they perceived
that they were treated fairly
that they were treated fairly
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ukoliko vide da su prema njima
postupali pravedno,
postupali pravedno,
03:53
and with dignity and respect.
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sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem.
03:56
And that perception of fairness
begins with what?
begins with what?
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A čime počinje ta procena pravičnosti?
03:59
Begins with how judges speak
to court participants.
to court participants.
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Počinje obraćanjem sudije učesnicima suda.
04:04
Now, being a judge
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Biti sudija ponekad deluje
04:06
is sometimes like having
a reserve seat to a tragic reality show
a reserve seat to a tragic reality show
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kao da imate rezervisano mesto
za neki tragični rijaliti šou
za neki tragični rijaliti šou
04:12
that has no commercial interruptions
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u kome nema prekida za reklame
04:14
and no season finale.
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niti završne epizode.
04:17
It's true.
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Istina.
04:18
People come before me handcuffed,
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Ljudi pred mene dolaze sa lisicama,
04:21
drug-sick, depressed, hungry
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ovisni o drogama, depresivni, gladni
04:24
and mentally ill.
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i mentalno bolesni.
04:28
When I saw that their need for help
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Kada sam videla
da je njihova potreba za pomoći
da je njihova potreba za pomoći
04:31
was greater than my fear
of appearing vulnerable on the bench,
of appearing vulnerable on the bench,
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veća nego moj strah od toga
da ispadnem ranjiva kao sudija,
da ispadnem ranjiva kao sudija,
04:35
I realized that not only
did I need to do something,
did I need to do something,
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shvatila sam da ne samo da treba
nešto da uradim,
nešto da uradim,
04:38
but that in fact I could do something.
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nego da, u suštini, mogu nešto da uradim.
04:41
The good news is is that the principles
of procedural justice are easy
of procedural justice are easy
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Dobra vest je da su principi
proceduralne pravde jednostavni
proceduralne pravde jednostavni
04:45
and can be implemented
as quickly as tomorrow.
as quickly as tomorrow.
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i mogu biti primenjeni koliko sutra.
04:48
The even better news,
that it can be done for free.
that it can be done for free.
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A još bolje vesti su da to ne košta ništa.
04:50
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:51
The first principle is voice.
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Prvi princip je glas.
04:53
Give people an opportunity to speak,
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Dajte ljudima priliku da govore,
04:55
even when you're
not going to let them speak.
not going to let them speak.
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čak i kada im ne dozvolite da govore.
04:58
Explain it.
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Objasnite im.
04:59
"Sir, I'm not letting you speak right now.
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„Gospodine, neću vam dozvoliti
da govorite sada.
da govorite sada.
05:01
You don't have an attorney.
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Nemate advokata.
05:03
I don't want you to say anything
that's going to hurt your case."
that's going to hurt your case."
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Ne želim da kažete nešto
što će štetiti vašem slučaju.“
što će štetiti vašem slučaju.“
Za mene je zadavanje eseja optuženima
05:06
For me, assigning essays to defendants
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05:08
has been a tremendous way
of giving them voice.
of giving them voice.
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bilo sjajan način davanja glasa.
05:12
I recently gave an 18-year-old
college student an essay.
college student an essay.
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Nedavno sam dala jednom studentu
od 18 godina da napiše esej.
od 18 godina da napiše esej.
05:16
He lamented his underage drinking charge.
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Izražavao je žaljenje zbog optužbi
za maloletničko konzumiranje alkohola.
za maloletničko konzumiranje alkohola.
05:20
As he stood before me reading his essay,
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Dok je stajao preda mnom
i čitao svoj esej,
i čitao svoj esej,
05:22
his voice cracking
and his hands trembling,
and his hands trembling,
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dok je gubio glas i ruke su mu drhtale,
05:24
he said that he worried that he
had become an alcoholic like his mom,
had become an alcoholic like his mom,
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rekao je da se boji da će postati
alkoholičar, kao njegova mama,
alkoholičar, kao njegova mama,
05:28
who had died a couple of months prior
due to alcohol-related liver disease.
due to alcohol-related liver disease.
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koja je umrla nekoliko meseci ranije
od bolesti jetre uzrokovane alkoholom.
od bolesti jetre uzrokovane alkoholom.
05:34
You see, assigning a letter
to my father, a letter to my son,
to my father, a letter to my son,
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Vidite, dodeljivanje zadataka kao što su
pismo mom ocu, pismo mom sinu:
pismo mom ocu, pismo mom sinu:
05:38
"If I knew then what I know now ..."
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„Da sam onda znao ono što sada znam...“
05:40
"If I believed one
positive thing about myself,
positive thing about myself,
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„Da sam verovao u jednu jedinu
pozitivnu stvar o sebi,
pozitivnu stvar o sebi,
05:43
how would my life be different?"
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kako bi drugačiji moj život bio?“
05:45
gives the person an opportunity
to be introspective,
to be introspective,
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daje mogućnost osobi
da bude introspektivna,
da bude introspektivna,
05:48
go on the inside,
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da pronikne u sebe,
05:50
which is where all the answers are anyway.
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gde se ionako nalaze svi odgovori.
05:52
But it also gives them an opportunity
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U isto vreme, daje im mogućnost
05:54
to share something with the court
that goes beyond their criminal record
that goes beyond their criminal record
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da podele sa sudom nešto što zadire
izvan njihovog kriminalnog dosijea
izvan njihovog kriminalnog dosijea
05:58
and their charges.
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i njihovih optužbi.
06:01
The next principle is neutrality.
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Sledeći princip je neutralnost.
06:03
When increasing public trust
in the justice system,
in the justice system,
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Kada povećavate poverenje javnosti
u pravosudni sistem,
u pravosudni sistem,
06:07
neutrality is paramount.
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neutralnost je najvažnija.
06:08
The judge cannot be perceived
to be favoring one side over the other.
to be favoring one side over the other.
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Sudija se ne može doživeti kao neko
ko favorizuje jednu stranu naspram druge.
ko favorizuje jednu stranu naspram druge.
06:13
The judge has to make a conscious decision
not to say things like,
not to say things like,
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Sudija mora da donese svesnu odluku
da ne izgovara reči kao što su:
da ne izgovara reči kao što su:
06:17
"my officer," "my prosecutor,"
"my defense attorney."
"my defense attorney."
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„moj policajac“,
„moj tužilac“, „moj branilac“.
„moj tužilac“, „moj branilac“.
06:21
And this is challenging
when we work in environments
when we work in environments
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A to je jako teško kada radimo u okruženju
06:24
where you have people
assigned to your courts,
assigned to your courts,
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u kome imate ljude koji su dodeljeni sudu,
06:27
the same people coming
in and out of your courts as well.
in and out of your courts as well.
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a to su jedni te isti ljudi
koji ulaze i izlaze iz vaše sudnice.
koji ulaze i izlaze iz vaše sudnice.
06:31
When I think of neutrality,
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Kada razmišljam o neutralnosti,
06:32
I'm reminded of when I was
a new Rutgers Law grad
a new Rutgers Law grad
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setim se kada sam bila novopečeni diplomac
Ratgersove škole za pravo
Ratgersove škole za pravo
06:36
and freshly minted attorney,
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i sveže potkovani advokat,
06:38
and I entered an arbitration
and I was greeted by two grey-haired men
and I was greeted by two grey-haired men
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i kada sam ušla u arbitražu
gde su me pozdravila dva seda muškarca
gde su me pozdravila dva seda muškarca
06:43
who were joking about
the last game of golf they played together
the last game of golf they played together
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koji su se šalili na račun poslednje
partije golfa koju su zajedno odigrali
partije golfa koju su zajedno odigrali
06:47
and planning future social outings.
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i planirali buduće zajedničko druženje.
06:49
I knew my client couldn't get
a fair shot in that forum.
a fair shot in that forum.
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Znala sam da moj klijent ne bi mogao
da se tretira pravično na tom skupu.
da se tretira pravično na tom skupu.
06:54
The next principle is understand.
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Sledeći princip je razumevanje.
06:57
It is critical that court participants
understand the process,
understand the process,
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Ključno je da učesnici u sudu
razumeju proces,
razumeju proces,
07:02
the consequences of the process
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posledice procesa
07:05
and what's expected of them.
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i šta se očekuje od njih.
07:07
I like to say that legalese
is the language we use to confuse.
is the language we use to confuse.
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Ja volim da kažem da je pravnički jezik
jezik koji koristimo da bismo zbunjivali.
jezik koji koristimo da bismo zbunjivali.
07:12
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:13
I am keenly aware that the people
who appear before me,
who appear before me,
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Ja sam veoma svesna
da ljudi koji se pojave preda mnom,
da ljudi koji se pojave preda mnom,
07:16
many of them have very little education
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mnogi od njih, imaju veoma
nisko obrazovanje,
nisko obrazovanje,
07:18
and English is often
their second language.
their second language.
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a engleski je često njihov drugi jezik.
07:21
So I speak plain English in court.
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Zato ja pričam jednostavan
engleski u sudu.
engleski u sudu.
07:24
A great example of this
was when I was a young judge --
was when I was a young judge --
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Dobar primer za ovo
je kada sam bila mladi sudija -
je kada sam bila mladi sudija -
07:26
oh no, I mean younger judge.
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ne, mislila sam, mlađi sudija,
07:28
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:29
When I was a younger judge,
a senior judge comes to me,
a senior judge comes to me,
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Kada sam bila mlađi sudija,
stariji sudija je došao do mene,
stariji sudija je došao do mene,
07:32
gives me a script and says,
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dao mi skripte i rekao:
07:33
"If you think somebody
has mental health issues,
has mental health issues,
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„Ako misliš da neko ima
mentalnih problema,
mentalnih problema,
pitaj ih ova pitanja i na osnovu njih
možeš dati svoju procenu.“
možeš dati svoju procenu.“
07:35
ask them these questions
and you can get your evaluation."
and you can get your evaluation."
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07:38
So the first time I saw someone
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Tako, prvi put kada sam videla nekog
07:40
who had what I thought
was a mental health issue,
was a mental health issue,
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koji je imao ono što sam mislila
da je mentalni problem,
da je mentalni problem,
07:42
I went for my script
and I started to ask questions.
and I started to ask questions.
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potražila sam svoje skripte
i počela postavljati pitanja:
i počela postavljati pitanja:
07:45
"Um, sir, do you take psycho --
um, psychotrop --
um, psychotrop --
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„Hm, gospodine, da li uzimate
psiho... hm... psihotrop...
psiho... hm... psihotrop...
07:48
psychotropic medication?"
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psihotropne lekove?“
07:50
"Nope."
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„ Jok.“
07:52
"Uh, sir, have you treated
with a psychiatrist before?"
with a psychiatrist before?"
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„Gospodine, da li ste ranije
bili lečeni kod psihijatra?“
bili lečeni kod psihijatra?“
07:56
"Nope."
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„Jok.“
07:57
But it was obvious that the person
was suffering from mental illness.
was suffering from mental illness.
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Ali bilo je sasvim očigledno da je osoba
patila od nekog oblika mentalne bolesti.
patila od nekog oblika mentalne bolesti.
08:01
One day, in my frustration, I decided
to scrap the script and ask one question.
to scrap the script and ask one question.
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Jednog dana, isfrustrirana, rešila sam
da bacim skriptu i pitam jedno pitanje:
da bacim skriptu i pitam jedno pitanje:
08:05
"Ma'am, do you take medication
to clear your mind?"
to clear your mind?"
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„Gospođo, je l' uzimate lekove
da razbistrite mozak?“
da razbistrite mozak?“
08:08
"Yeah, judge, I take Haldol
for my schizophrenia,
for my schizophrenia,
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„Da, sudijo, uzimam Haldol
za moju šizofreniju,
za moju šizofreniju,
08:10
Xanax for my anxiety."
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Zanaks za moju anksioznost.“
08:13
The question works even when it doesn't.
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Pitanje funkcioniše
čak i kad ne funkcioniše.
čak i kad ne funkcioniše.
08:15
"Mr. L, do you take medication
to clear your mind?"
to clear your mind?"
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„Gospodine L, da li uzimate lekove
da razbistrite mozak?“
da razbistrite mozak?“
08:18
"No, judge, I don't take
no medication to clear my mind.
no medication to clear my mind.
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„Ne sudijo, ne uzimam lekove
da bih razbistrio mozak,
da bih razbistrio mozak,
08:21
I take medication
to stop the voices in my head,
to stop the voices in my head,
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ja uzimam lekove
da zaustavim glasove u glavi,
da zaustavim glasove u glavi,
08:23
but my mind is fine."
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ali moj mozak je dobro.“
08:25
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:26
You see, once people
understand the question,
understand the question,
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Vidite, kad ljudi razumeju pitanje,
08:29
they can give you valuable information
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oni vam mogu dati vredne informacije
08:31
that allows the court
to make meaningful decisions
to make meaningful decisions
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koje omogućavaju sudu
da donosi svrsishodne odluke
da donosi svrsishodne odluke
08:34
about the cases that are before them.
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o slučajevima koji se pred njima nalaze.
08:36
The last principle is respect,
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Poslednji princip je poštovanje,
08:39
that without it none
of the other principles can work.
of the other principles can work.
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bez koga ne bi funkcionisao
nijedan od prethodnih principa.
nijedan od prethodnih principa.
08:43
Now, respect can be as simple as,
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E sad, poštovanje može biti i samo:
08:46
"Good afternoon, sir."
"Good morning, ma'am."
"Good morning, ma'am."
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„Dobar dan, gospodine“
„Dobro jutro, gospođo.“
„Dobro jutro, gospođo.“
08:49
It's looking the person in the eye
who is standing before you,
who is standing before you,
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To je gledanje u oči
osobi koja stoji pred vama,
osobi koja stoji pred vama,
08:52
especially when you're sentencing them.
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posebno kada im izričete kaznu.
08:55
It's when I say,
"Um, how are you doing today?
"Um, how are you doing today?
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To je kada kažem: „Hm, kako ste danas?
Šta se to dešava kod vas?"
08:57
And what's going on with you?"
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I to ne izgovoreno kao da pozdravljam,
08:58
And not as a greeting,
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09:00
but as someone who is
actually interested in the response.
actually interested in the response.
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nego kao neko koga stvarno
interesuje odgovor.
interesuje odgovor.
09:03
Respect is the difference between saying,
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Poštovanje je razlika između izgovorenog:
09:06
"Ma'am, are you having difficulty
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„Gospođo, imate li poteškoća
09:08
understanding the information
in the paperwork?"
in the paperwork?"
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sa razumevanjem informacija
u tim papirima?“
u tim papirima?“
09:10
versus, "You can
read and write, can't you?"
read and write, can't you?"
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nasuprot: „Umete da čitate
i pišete, zar ne?“
i pišete, zar ne?“
09:13
when you've realized
there's a literacy issue.
there's a literacy issue.
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kada shvatite da postoji
problem sa pismenošću.
problem sa pismenošću.
09:16
And the good thing about respect
is that it's contagious.
is that it's contagious.
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A dobra stvar sa poštovanjem
jeste što je ono zarazno.
jeste što je ono zarazno.
09:19
People see you being
respectful to other folks
respectful to other folks
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Ljudi vide da vi poštujete druge ljude,
09:21
and they impute
that respect to themselves.
that respect to themselves.
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pa i oni pripisuju
to poštovanje sebi samima.
to poštovanje sebi samima.
09:23
You see, that's what
the transgender prostitute was telling me.
the transgender prostitute was telling me.
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Vidite, to je upravo ono
što mi je transrodna prostitutka govorila.
što mi je transrodna prostitutka govorila.
09:27
I'm judging you just as much
as you think you may be judging me.
as you think you may be judging me.
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Ja sudim tebi isto koliko ti misliš
da možeš suditi meni.
da možeš suditi meni.
09:31
Now, I am not telling you what I think,
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Ja vam ne govorim svoje mišljenje,
09:33
I am telling you what I have lived,
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govorim vam ono što sam doživela,
09:36
using procedural justice
to change the culture at my courthouse
to change the culture at my courthouse
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koristeći proceduralnu pravdu
da bih promenila kulturu u svom sudu
da bih promenila kulturu u svom sudu
09:40
and in the courtroom.
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i u sudnici.
09:42
After sitting comfortably for seven months
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Nakon udobnog sedenja tokom sedam meseci
09:45
as a traffic court judge,
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kao sudija za saobraćajne prekršaje,
09:47
I was advised that I was being moved
to the criminal court,
to the criminal court,
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upućena sam na premeštaj u krivični sud,
09:51
Part Two, criminal courtroom.
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u krivičnu sudnicu „Drugi deo“.
09:55
Now, I need you to understand,
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Morate razumeti,
09:56
this was not good news.
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ovo nije bila dobra vest.
09:58
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:59
It was not.
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Nije.
10:01
Part Two was known
as the worst courtroom in the city,
as the worst courtroom in the city,
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„Drugi deo" je bio poznat
kao najgora sudnica u gradu,
kao najgora sudnica u gradu,
10:04
some folks would even say in the state.
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a neki bi čak rekli i u celoj državi.
10:07
It was your typical urban courtroom
with revolving door justice,
with revolving door justice,
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To je bila tipična urbana sudnica
sa jednim istim ljudima,
sa jednim istim ljudima,
10:11
you know, your regular lineup
of low-level offenders --
of low-level offenders --
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znate, standardno vam se ređaju
sitni prestupnici -
sitni prestupnici -
10:14
you know, the low-hanging fruit,
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znate, sitni kriminalci,
10:16
the drug-addicted prostitute,
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prostitutke ovisne od droge,
10:19
the mentally ill homeless person
with quality-of-life tickets,
with quality-of-life tickets,
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mentalno bolesni beskućnici sa kaznama
zbog ugrožavanja kvaliteta života,
zbog ugrožavanja kvaliteta života,
10:23
the high school dropout petty drug dealer
and the misguided young people --
and the misguided young people --
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srednjoškolac koji je napustio školu
i postao diler droge
i postao diler droge
i mladi ljudi koji su skrenuli
sa pravog puta -
sa pravog puta -
10:28
you know, those folks
doing a life sentence
doing a life sentence
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znate, oni koji služe doživotnu robiju,
10:31
30 days at a time.
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svaki put po 30 dana.
10:34
Fortunately, the City of Newark
decided that Newarkers deserved better,
decided that Newarkers deserved better,
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Na sreću, Grad Njuark je odlučio
da stanovnici Njuarka zaslužuju bolje,
da stanovnici Njuarka zaslužuju bolje,
10:37
and they partnered
with the Center for Court Innovation
with the Center for Court Innovation
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te su postali partneri
sa Centrom za inovacije sudova
sa Centrom za inovacije sudova
10:40
and the New Jersey Judiciary
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i pravosuđem Nju Džersija,
10:42
to create Newark Community Solutions,
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u cilju stvaranja rešenja
za zajednicu Njuarka,
za zajednicu Njuarka,
10:44
a community court program
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sudskog programa u zajednici,
10:46
that provided alternative sanctions.
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koji obezbeđuje alternativne sankcije.
10:49
This means now a judge
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To znači da sad sudija
10:52
can sentence a defendant
to punishment with assistance.
to punishment with assistance.
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može okrivljenom izreći kaznu
uz dodeljenu pomoć.
uz dodeljenu pomoć.
10:56
So a defendant who would
otherwise get a jail sentence
otherwise get a jail sentence
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Po tome, okrivljeni koji bi u suprotnom
dobio kaznu zatvora,
dobio kaznu zatvora,
10:58
would now be able to get
individual counseling sessions,
individual counseling sessions,
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sad je bio u mogućnosti da dobije
individualne savetodavne seanse,
individualne savetodavne seanse,
11:01
group counseling sessions
as well as community giveback,
as well as community giveback,
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grupne savetodavne seanse,
kao i da se oduže zajednici,
kao i da se oduže zajednici,
11:04
which is what we call community service.
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što zovemo društveno koristan rad.
11:06
The only problem is
that this wonderful program
that this wonderful program
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Jedini problem je što ovaj divan program
11:09
was now coming to Newark
and was going to be housed where?
and was going to be housed where?
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sad dolazi u Njuark i biće primenjen gde?
11:12
Part Two criminal courtroom.
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Krivična sudnica „Drugi deo“.
11:15
And the attitudes there were terrible.
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A ponašanje tamo je bilo strašno.
11:17
And the reason that
the attitudes were terrible there
the attitudes were terrible there
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A razlog što je ponašanje
tamo bilo strašno
tamo bilo strašno
11:20
was because everyone who was sent there
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je zato što je svako ko je poslat tamo
shvatao da je tamo poslat po kazni.
shvatao da je tamo poslat po kazni.
11:22
understood they were
being sent there as punishment.
being sent there as punishment.
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11:24
The officers who were facing
disciplinary actions at times,
disciplinary actions at times,
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Policajci koji su povremeno
imali disciplinske mere,
imali disciplinske mere,
11:28
the public defender and prosecutor
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javni pravobranilac i tužilac
11:30
felt like they were doing
a 30-day jail sentence on their rotation,
a 30-day jail sentence on their rotation,
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su se osećali kao da služe
zatvorsku kaznu svakih 30 dana,
zatvorsku kaznu svakih 30 dana,
11:35
the judges understood
they were being hazed
they were being hazed
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sudije su znale
da su im zadali težak zadatak
da su im zadali težak zadatak
11:37
just like a college
sorority or fraternity.
sorority or fraternity.
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kao u bratstvu ili sestrinstvu na koledžu.
11:42
I was once told that
an attorney who worked there
an attorney who worked there
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Jednom mi je rečeno
da se advokat koji je radio tu
da se advokat koji je radio tu
11:44
referred to the defendants
as "the scum of the earth"
as "the scum of the earth"
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govorio o optuženima
kao o „svetskom šljamu“
kao o „svetskom šljamu“
11:48
and then had to represent them.
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a onda je morao da ih zastupa.
11:51
I would hear things from folks like,
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Slušala sam priče od drugih:
11:53
"Oh, how could you work
with those people? They're so nasty.
with those people? They're so nasty.
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„O, kako možeš raditi
sa tim ljudima? Oni su grozni.
sa tim ljudima? Oni su grozni.
11:55
You're a judge, not a social worker."
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Ti si sudija, nisi socijalni radnik.“
11:58
But the reality is that as a society,
we criminalize social ills,
we criminalize social ills,
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Ali realnost je da mi kao društvo
kriminalizujemo društvene bolesti,
kriminalizujemo društvene bolesti,
12:02
then sent people to a judge
and say, "Do something."
and say, "Do something."
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onda šaljemo ljude kod sudija
i kažemo: „Učini nešto.“
i kažemo: „Učini nešto.“
12:06
I decided that I was going
to lead by example.
to lead by example.
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Ja sam odlučila da ću voditi primerom.
12:08
So my first foray into the approach
came when a 60-something-year-old man
came when a 60-something-year-old man
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Dakle, moj prvi pokušaj ovog pristupa
bio je kad se muškarac u šezdesetim
bio je kad se muškarac u šezdesetim
12:12
appeared before me handcuffed.
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pojavio preda mnom sa lisicama.
12:14
His head was lowered and his body
was showing the signs of drug withdrawal.
was showing the signs of drug withdrawal.
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Imao je spuštenu glavu a njegovo telo
je pokazivalo znakove narkomanske krize.
je pokazivalo znakove narkomanske krize.
12:19
I asked him how long he had been addicted,
and he said, "30 years."
and he said, "30 years."
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Pitala sam ga koliko dugo je ovisnik,
a on mi je odgovorio: „30 godina.“
a on mi je odgovorio: „30 godina.“
12:23
And I asked him, "Do you have any kids?"
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Onda sam ga pitala: „Da li imate dece?“
12:26
And he said, "Yeah,
I have a 32-year-old son."
I have a 32-year-old son."
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„Da, imam sina koji ima
32 godine“, odgovorio je.
32 godine“, odgovorio je.
12:29
And I said, "Oh, so you've never
had the opportunity
had the opportunity
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A onda sam ja rekla: „O, znači,
vi nikad niste imali priliku
vi nikad niste imali priliku
12:32
to be a father to your son
because of your addiction."
because of your addiction."
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da budete otac svome sinu,
zbog svoje ovisnosti.“
zbog svoje ovisnosti.“
12:36
He began to cry.
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Počeo je da plače.
12:38
I said, "You know what,
I'm going to let you go home,
I'm going to let you go home,
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Rekla sam: „Znate šta,
pustiću vas da da idete kući
pustiću vas da da idete kući
12:41
and you'll come back in two weeks,
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i vratićete se nakon dve nedelje,
12:43
and when you come back, we'll give you
some assistance for your addiction."
some assistance for your addiction."
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pa kada dođete, dodelićemo vam
neku vrstu pomoći za vašu ovisnost.“
neku vrstu pomoći za vašu ovisnost.“
12:46
Surprisingly, two weeks passed
and he was sitting the courtroom.
and he was sitting the courtroom.
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Na veliko iznenađenje,
dve nedelje potom, on je sedeo u sudnici.
dve nedelje potom, on je sedeo u sudnici.
12:50
When he came up, he said,
"Judge, I came back to court
"Judge, I came back to court
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Kada je prišao, rekao mi je:
„Sudijo, vratio sam se u sud
„Sudijo, vratio sam se u sud
12:53
because you showed me more love
than I had for myself."
than I had for myself."
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zato što ste mi pokazali više ljubavi
nego što sam ja ikada imao za sebe.“
nego što sam ja ikada imao za sebe.“
12:56
And I thought, my God,
he heard love from the bench?
he heard love from the bench?
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Pomislila sam: „Bože,
on je čuo ljubav sa moje stolice?
on je čuo ljubav sa moje stolice?
13:00
I could do this all day.
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Mogla bih da radim ovo ceo dan.“
13:01
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
13:02
Because the reality is that
when the court behaves differently,
when the court behaves differently,
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Zato što je činjenica da,
ako se sud drugačije ponaša,
ako se sud drugačije ponaša,
13:05
then naturally people respond differently.
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onda, prirodno, i ljudi drugačije reaguju.
13:08
The court becomes a place
you can go to for assistance,
you can go to for assistance,
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Sud postaje mesto na koje možete doći
da zatražite pomoć,
da zatražite pomoć,
13:11
like the 60-something-year-old
schizophrenic homeless woman
schizophrenic homeless woman
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kao što je šezdesetogodišnja
beskućnica koja ima šizofreniju,
beskućnica koja ima šizofreniju,
13:15
who was in distress
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koja je bila u agoniji
13:16
and fighting with the voices in her head,
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boreći se sa glasovima u svojoj glavi,
13:18
and barges into court,
and screams, "Judge!
and screams, "Judge!
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upala u sud i počela vikati: „ Sudijo!
13:21
I just came by to see how you were doing."
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Samo sam došla da vidim kako ste.“
13:24
I had been monitoring her case
for a couple of months,
for a couple of months,
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Nekoliko meseci sam pratila njen slučaj,
13:27
her compliance with her medication,
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njeno pridržavanje uzimanja lekova,
13:29
and had just closed out her case
a couple of weeks ago.
a couple of weeks ago.
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i upravo sam bila zaključila
njen slučaj, nekoliko nedelja ranije.
njen slučaj, nekoliko nedelja ranije.
13:32
On this day she needed help,
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Tog dana, njoj je bila potrebna pomoć,
13:34
and she came to court.
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i došla je u sud.
13:35
And after four hours
of coaxing by the judge,
of coaxing by the judge,
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Nakon četiri sata
nagovaranja od strane sudije,
nagovaranja od strane sudije,
13:39
the police officers and the staff,
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policijskih službenika i osoblja,
13:41
she is convinced to get into the ambulance
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ubedili su je da ode u ambulantu,
13:44
that will take her to crisis unit
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odakle će je odvesti u krizno odeljenje
13:46
so that she can get her medication.
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da bi mogla da dobije svoje lekove.
13:49
People become connected to their community
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Ljudi su postali povezani
sa svojom zajednicom
sa svojom zajednicom
13:52
when the court changes,
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kada se sud promeni,
13:54
like the 50-something-year-old man
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kao jedan pedesetogodišnjak
13:56
who told me, "Community service
was terrible, Judge.
was terrible, Judge.
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koji mi je rekao: „Društveno koristan rad
je bio strašan, sudijo.
je bio strašan, sudijo.
13:59
I had to clean the park,
and it was full of empty heroin envelopes,
and it was full of empty heroin envelopes,
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Morao sam da čistim park, a on je bio pun
praznih vrećica od heroina,
praznih vrećica od heroina,
14:02
and the kids had to play there."
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a deca se tu igraju.“
14:04
As he wrung his hands, he confessed,
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Priznao je, lomeći svoje ruke:
14:07
"Judge, I realized that it was my fault,
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„Sudijo, shvatio sam da je moja krivica,
14:10
because I used that same park to get high,
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zato što sam ja koristio
taj isti park da se drogiram,
taj isti park da se drogiram,
14:13
and before you sent me there
to do community service,
to do community service,
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i pre nego što ste me poslali tamo
na društveno koristan rad,
na društveno koristan rad,
14:15
I had never gone to the park
when I wasn't high,
when I wasn't high,
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nikad nisam bio u parku
a da nisam bio nadrogiran,
a da nisam bio nadrogiran,
14:18
so I never noticed
the children playing there."
the children playing there."
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tako da nikad nisam ni primetio
da se deca tamo igraju.“
da se deca tamo igraju.“
14:22
Every addict in the courtroom
lowered their head.
lowered their head.
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Svaki ovisnik u sudnici je spustio glavu.
14:25
Who better to teach that lesson?
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Ko bi bio bolji učitelj?
14:28
It helps the court reset
its relationship with the community,
its relationship with the community,
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To pomaže da sud ponovo uspostavi
odnos sa zajednicom,
odnos sa zajednicom,
14:33
like with the 20-something-year-old guy
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kao što je slučaj
sa dvadesetogodišnjim momkom
sa dvadesetogodišnjim momkom
14:36
who gets a job interview
through the court program.
through the court program.
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koji je dobio razgovor za posao
kroz sudski program.
kroz sudski program.
14:39
He gets a job interview
at an office cleaning company,
at an office cleaning company,
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Dobio je razgovor za posao
u kompaniji za čišćenje kancelarija,
u kompaniji za čišćenje kancelarija,
14:42
and he comes back to court to proudly say,
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i vratio se u sud da se pohvali:
14:44
"Judge, I even worked in my suit
after the interview,
after the interview,
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„Sudijo, čak sam i radio
u svom odelu nakon razgovora,
u svom odelu nakon razgovora,
14:49
because I wanted the guy to see
how bad I wanted the job."
how bad I wanted the job."
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da bih dokazao tim ljudima
koliko jako želim taj posao.“
koliko jako želim taj posao.“
14:54
It's what happens
when a person in authority
when a person in authority
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To se dešava kada se osoba od autoriteta
14:58
treats you with dignity and respect,
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odnosi prema vama
sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem,
sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem,
15:00
like the 40-something-year-old guy
who struts down the aisle
who struts down the aisle
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kao četrdesetogodišnjak
na koga sam naletela u ulici
na koga sam naletela u ulici
15:03
and says, "Judge,
do you notice anything different?"
do you notice anything different?"
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koji mi je rekao: „Sudijo,
primećujete li nešto drugačije?“
primećujete li nešto drugačije?“
15:06
And when I look up,
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Kada sam pogledala,
15:07
he's pointing at his new teeth
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pokazivao je na njegove nove zube,
15:10
that he was able to get after getting
a referral from the program,
a referral from the program,
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koje je mogao da dobije
nakon uputa kroz program,
nakon uputa kroz program,
15:13
but he was able to get them
to replace the old teeth
to replace the old teeth
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ali je mogao je da ih dobije
da bi zamenio stare zube
da bi zamenio stare zube
15:17
that he lost as a result
of years of heroin addiction.
of years of heroin addiction.
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čiji je gubitak bio posledica
dugogodišnjeg korišćenja heroina.
dugogodišnjeg korišćenja heroina.
15:21
When he looks in the mirror,
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Kada se pogleda u ogledalo,
15:22
now he sees somebody who is worth saving.
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on sada vidi nekog koga vredi spasiti.
15:25
You see, I have a dream
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Vidite, ja imam san,
15:27
and that dream is
that judges will use these tools
that judges will use these tools
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a taj san je da će sudije
koristiti ovo sredstvo
koristiti ovo sredstvo
15:31
to revolutionize
the communities that they serve.
the communities that they serve.
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da sprovedu revoluciju
u zajednicama kojima služe.
u zajednicama kojima služe.
15:35
Now, these tools
are not miracle cure-alls,
are not miracle cure-alls,
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E sad, ova sredstva
nisu čudotvorni štapići,
nisu čudotvorni štapići,
ali nas približavaju svetlosnim godinama
brže mestu gde želimo da budemo,
brže mestu gde želimo da budemo,
15:37
but they get us light-years closer
to where we want to be,
to where we want to be,
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15:41
and where we want to be is a place
that people enter our halls of justice
that people enter our halls of justice
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a to je mesto na kome ljudi
ulaze u naše sudnice
ulaze u naše sudnice
15:45
and believe they will be treated
with dignity and respect
with dignity and respect
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verujući da će se prema njima
ophoditi sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem
ophoditi sa dostojanstvom i poštovanjem
15:48
and know that justice
will be served there.
will be served there.
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i znajući da će pravda biti zadovoljena.
15:52
Imagine that, a simple idea.
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Zamislite to, jednostavna ideja.
15:55
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
15:56
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Victoria Pratt - ProfessorJudge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice.
Why you should listen
Judge Victoria Pratt has gained national and international acclaim for her commitment to reforming the criminal justice system. As the Chief Judge in Newark Municipal Court in Newark, New Jersey, a busy urban court, she spent years gaining a deep understanding of how justice could be delivered to court participants in a manner that increased their trust in the legal system. While presiding over Newark Community Solutions, the Community Court Program, she provided alternatives to jail to low-level offenders. These alternatives included community service, individual and group counseling sessions, and her signature assignment of introspective essays. Her respectful approach has had a positive effect on court participant’s court experience -- and how the community viewed the court.
Pratt is now serving as a Professor at Rutgers Law School in Newark, an institution that has always been committed to social justice. Her teaching load includes problem-solving courts and restorative justice. As a graduate of Rutgers Law, she is excited by the opportunity to influence the minds of future lawyers and judges with innovative and humane ways of dealing with court participants. She also continues to champion criminal justice reform through her consulting firm Pratt Lucien Consultants, LLC, by sharing her skills and approach with others.
Pratt’s work has been featured in The Guardian and Rutgers Magazine (both written by Pulitzer-winning author Tina Rosenberg.) As a nationally recognized expert in procedural justice and alternative sentencing, she has been asked by numerous professional organizations and jurisdictions to share her story and philosophy. Judge Pratt has also appeared on MSNBC's "Melissa Harris Perry Show," the Emmy-winning PBS show "Due Process," and National Public Radio's "Conversations with Allan Wolper."
Pratt is licensed to practice law in both New Jersey and New York and is admitted to the US Supreme Court. She also facilitates empowerment sessions to help people live their best lives.
(Photo: Erik James Montgomery)
Victoria Pratt | Speaker | TED.com