TEDWomen 2016
Jeanne Gang: Buildings that blend nature and city
金·給恩: 融合大自然和都市的建築物
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一棟能緩和風向的摩天大樓…… 一座利用壁爐融合社團的建築……金·給恩善用建築設計來美化人與人的關係。在這個精彩演講，給恩邀請我們進入她的大大小小傑作，從一個受讚歎的社區會議中心，到一個在芝加哥地標性的住宅摩天大樓。「透過建築設計，我們不僅僅是建造大樓。”」她說，「我們可以幫助我們共享的地球重拾平衡。」
Jeanne Gang - Architect
With an eye for nature’s forms and lessons learned from its materials, Jeanne Gang creates iconic environments that stand in curvy relief to blocky urban cityscapes. Full bio
With an eye for nature’s forms and lessons learned from its materials, Jeanne Gang creates iconic environments that stand in curvy relief to blocky urban cityscapes. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I'm a relationship builder.
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我是一位人際關係創造者。
[金·給恩]
00:15
When you think of a relationship builder,
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當你想到人際關係創造者，
你會自然想到建築師嗎？
00:17
don't you just automatically
think "architect?"
think "architect?"
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00:19
Probably not.
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可能不會吧。
00:22
That's because most people think
architects design buildings and cities,
architects design buildings and cities,
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因為一般人腦海裡的建築師
只設計大樓或都市而已。
只設計大樓或都市而已。
00:26
but what we really design
are relationships,
are relationships,
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但其實，我們的設計卻以
人與人之關係為重。
人與人之關係為重。
因為都市是人們聚集之地，
00:29
because cities are about people.
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人們相聚做各種交換的地方。
00:31
They're places where people come together
for all kinds of exchange.
for all kinds of exchange.
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此外，都市的天際線
更是都市特有的，
更是都市特有的，
00:34
And besides, skylines
are highly specific urban habitats
are highly specific urban habitats
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擁有獨特的昆蟲，植物和動物，
00:38
with their own insects,
plants and animals,
plants and animals,
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00:40
and even their own weather.
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甚至有獨特的小氣候。
但時下的城市棲息地
已失去平衡了：
已失去平衡了：
00:42
But today, urban habitats
are out of balance.
are out of balance.
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00:45
Climate change, together with political
and economic troubles,
and economic troubles,
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環球氣候變化，
加上政治和經濟問題，
加上政治和經濟問題，
造成負面影響；
00:49
are having an impact;
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它們凝為龐大的壓力在
都市和我們身上，
都市和我們身上，
00:51
they're adding up
and stressing out cities and us,
and stressing out cities and us,
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都市的居民。
00:54
the people who live in them.
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生態學讓我洞察如何解決這些問題，
00:57
For me, the field of ecology
has provided important insight,
has provided important insight,
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01:00
because ecologists don't just look
at individual species on their own,
at individual species on their own,
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因為生態學不只看單一類生物，
01:04
they look at the relationships
between living things
between living things
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而是關注大生態內生物彼此的關係，
01:08
and their environment.
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以及他們與周遭大環境的互動。
他們試圖了解整個生態系統內的
各種不同部分如何相互連結，
各種不同部分如何相互連結，
01:10
They look at how all the diverse parts
of the ecosystem are interconnected,
of the ecosystem are interconnected,
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01:14
and it's actually this balance,
this web of life, that sustains life.
this web of life, that sustains life.
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而這個平衡，交織的生命體，
才是維係著生命延續的關鍵。
才是維係著生命延續的關鍵。
我的團隊和我
把生態學的智慧用在建築上，
把生態學的智慧用在建築上，
01:19
My team and I have been applying
insights from ecology to architecture
insights from ecology to architecture
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探討如何利用空間來
強化人際關係。
強化人際關係。
01:23
to see how physical space
can help build stronger relationships.
can help build stronger relationships.
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我今天要介紹的項目
01:28
The projects I'm going to show you today
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都是以強化人際溝通為設計的核心。
01:30
use the idea of building relationships
as the key driver for design.
as the key driver for design.
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這是一個例子：
01:34
Here's an example of what I mean.
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最近我們應邀設計
一個社會正義領導中心
一個社會正義領導中心
01:36
Recently, we were asked to design
a center for social justice leadership
a center for social justice leadership
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叫做阿克斯中心（Arcus Center）；
01:40
called the Arcus Center.
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01:43
They asked us for a building
that could break down traditional barriers
that could break down traditional barriers
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他們要求我們設計
一個能打破傳統族群間的隔膜，
一個能打破傳統族群間的隔膜，
他們要求我們設計
一個能打破傳統族群間的隔膜，
一個能打破傳統族群間的隔膜，
01:46
between different groups
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01:47
and in doing so, create possibilities
for meaningful conversations
for meaningful conversations
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因而促進各方坦率交流
有關社會正義話題的空間。
01:52
around social justice.
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學生們要求一個
有助於文化交流的地方，
有助於文化交流的地方，
01:54
The students wanted a place
for cultural exchange.
for cultural exchange.
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他們相信一個共用廚房
能達成這目的；
能達成這目的；
01:56
They thought a place for preparing
food together could do that.
food together could do that.
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學生也希望這建築
能吸引周遭的居民進來。
能吸引周遭的居民進來。
02:00
And they wanted to be welcoming
to the outside community.
to the outside community.
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02:03
They thought a fireplace
could draw people in
could draw people in
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他們相信一個壁爐能達成這目的，
和促進談話交流；
02:06
and help start conversations.
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最終所有人希望
02:09
And everybody wanted the work
of social justice to be visible
of social justice to be visible
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大眾都能關注社會公義之工作。
02:13
to the outside world.
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02:15
There really wasn't a precedent
for this kind of space,
for this kind of space,
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這類建築沒有先例可循，
02:18
so we looked around the globe
and found examples
and found examples
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我們搜索全球
找到一些社區會議屋子，
02:20
of community meeting houses.
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02:22
Community meeting houses are places
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在這些社區會議屋子中，
人與人之間的關係非常明確，
02:25
where there's very specific
relationships between people,
relationships between people,
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像在馬里的這個，
是長老們會談用的：
是長老們會談用的：
02:28
like this one in Mali,
where the elders gather.
where the elders gather.
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超低的樓板強迫每人都要坐著，
彼此只能平視。
彼此只能平視。
02:32
The low roof keeps everybody seated
and at equal eye level.
and at equal eye level.
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它充滿著平等主義色彩；
02:35
It's very egalitarian.
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02:37
I mean, you can't stand up
and take over the meeting.
and take over the meeting.
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沒人能站著，指揮大局，
02:39
You'd actually bump your head.
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站起來就碰頭了。
02:41
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:42
In meeting houses,
there's always a central space
there's always a central space
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這些社區會議屋子中
都有個中央空間，
都有個中央空間，
02:45
where you can sit around a circle
and see each other.
and see each other.
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讓大家圍坐成一圈，互相對望。
02:48
So we designed a space just like that
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所以我們設計同樣的空間
在阿克斯中心的正中央，
02:50
right in the middle of the Arcus Center,
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我們也配備了一個大壁爐和
開放式的公眾廚房圍繞著它。
開放式的公眾廚房圍繞著它。
02:52
and we anchored it
with a fireplace and a kitchen.
with a fireplace and a kitchen.
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02:55
It's pretty hard to get a kitchen
and a fireplace in a building like this
and a fireplace in a building like this
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可是依建築規章，
要放一個大壁爐和公眾廚房
在這種建築是不容易的，
在這種建築是不容易的，
02:58
with the building codes,
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但這是設計的靈魂──
我們贏得批准。
我們贏得批准。
02:59
but it was so important
to the concept, we got it done.
to the concept, we got it done.
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03:03
And now the central space
works for big social gatherings
works for big social gatherings
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如今，這個中央空間可供大型聚會，
03:07
and a place to meet one-on-one
for the very first time.
for the very first time.
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以及初次會面可單獨談話的地方，
它像個三叉路口，
03:10
It's almost like
this three-way intersection
this three-way intersection
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讓人不期而會，進而交談。
03:12
that encourages bumping into people
and starting a conversation.
and starting a conversation.
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每當你走過廚房時，
必可看到正在進行的活動，
必可看到正在進行的活動，
03:16
Now you can always pass the kitchen
and see something going on.
and see something going on.
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你可選擇坐在壁爐前分享故事；
03:19
You can sit by the fireplace
and share stories.
and share stories.
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03:23
You can study together
in big groups or in small ones,
in big groups or in small ones,
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或者你可與大團體
或少數人一起研討，
或少數人一起研討，
03:26
because the architecture
sets up these opportunities.
sets up these opportunities.
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因為建築的佈局是
同時支援多類用途的。
同時支援多類用途的。
甚至連建築選材也隱含
建立關係之妙義：
建立關係之妙義：
03:31
Even the construction
is about building relationships.
is about building relationships.
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03:34
It's made of cordwood masonry,
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它是使用木塊的砌體建築，
03:36
which is using logs
the way you would use bricks.
the way you would use bricks.
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用一塊塊木頭像磚塊般疊起來，
非常的低科技和容易，誰都能做的。
03:39
It's super low-tech and easy to do
and anyone can do it --
and anyone can do it --
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這也是設計原意。
03:42
and that's the entire point.
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因為建造本身就是一種團體活動，
03:43
The act of making is a social activity.
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對地球而言也是環保的一招。
03:48
And it's good for the planet, too:
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樹木在成長時吸二氧化碳
03:50
the trees absorbed carbon
when they were growing up,
when they were growing up,
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吐出氧氣。
03:53
and they gave off oxygen,
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03:55
and now that carbon
is trapped inside the walls
is trapped inside the walls
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現在，這些碳留存在牆壁中，
而不是釋放到大氣層中，
03:57
and it's not being released
into the atmosphere.
into the atmosphere.
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所以選用木頭為建材有
如同減少汽車污染的意義。
如同減少汽車污染的意義。
04:01
So making the walls is equivalent
to taking cars right off the road.
to taking cars right off the road.
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我們選用這建造模式，
04:06
We chose the building method
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因為它能聯繫人與人，
和人與大自然之關係。
和人與大自然之關係。
04:08
because it connects people
to each other and to the environment.
to each other and to the environment.
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但這個設計有達到目的嗎？
04:13
But is it working?
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它真能增益人與人聯繫嗎？
04:14
Is it creating relationships
and nurturing them?
and nurturing them?
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我們如何證實？
04:16
How can we know?
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04:18
Well, more and more people
are coming here, for one,
are coming here, for one,
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第一 ，越來越多人來阿克斯中心；
還有，得力於壁爐前交流的魅力，
04:21
and as a result of the fireside chats
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04:24
and a full calendar of programming,
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以及全年度的豐富活動安排，
很多人申請加入阿克斯會員。
04:26
people are applying
for the Arcus Fellowships.
for the Arcus Fellowships.
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04:28
In fact, applications have increased
tenfold for the Arcus Fellowship
tenfold for the Arcus Fellowship
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事實上，申請書
從啟用那天到現在已增加了十倍。
04:33
since the building opened.
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它是成功的，
也成功拉近人們之間的距離。
也成功拉近人們之間的距離。
04:34
It's working. It's bringing
people together.
people together.
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這些例子示範了建築設計
如何在這種平面式，
如何在這種平面式，
04:38
So I've shown how architecture
can connect people
can connect people
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04:40
on this kind of horizontal campus scale.
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類似校園的空間中，拉近人的距離，
04:43
But we wondered if social relationships
could be scaled up --
could be scaled up --
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但我們也反問自己，
人際關係的孕育是否也能施展
人際關係的孕育是否也能施展
04:46
or rather, upward -- in tall buildings.
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在高層建築物呢？
高層大樓本身
就不是以交流作為重點。
就不是以交流作為重點。
04:50
Tall buildings don't necessarily lend
themselves to being social buildings.
themselves to being social buildings.
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它們看起來就是孤獨和內斂的；
04:54
They can seem isolating and inward.
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通常我們只是在搭電梯的
尷尬時刻相遇。
尷尬時刻相遇。
04:56
You might only see people
in those awkward elevator rides.
in those awkward elevator rides.
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05:02
But in several major cities,
I've been designing tall buildings
I've been designing tall buildings
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但我在幾個大都市設計了
以強化人際關係為目的高層大廈，
05:06
that are based on creating
relationships between people.
relationships between people.
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05:09
This is Aqua.
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像這個大樓叫做水廈，
是在芝加哥的高層住宅，
05:11
It's a residential high-rise in Chicago
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住戶對像是年輕的都市專業人士
和空巢父母，
和空巢父母，
05:14
aimed at young urban professionals
and empty nesters,
and empty nesters,
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05:17
many of them new to the city.
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很多住戶還是首次定居在芝加哥。
這大廈擁有超過 700 單位，
我們試者使用建築設計
我們試者使用建築設計
05:19
With over 700 apartments, we wanted to see
if we could use architecture
if we could use architecture
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05:23
to help people get to know
their neighbors,
their neighbors,
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幫助鄰居建立新的友誼。
05:25
even when their homes are organized
in the vertical dimension.
in the vertical dimension.
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縱然這些單位都是垂直組織的，
我們突破地利用陽台為社交連接器。
05:31
So we invented a way to use balconies
as the new social connectors.
as the new social connectors.
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05:35
The shapes of the floor slabs
vary slightly and they transition
vary slightly and they transition
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每層的樓面線條略有不同，
從下往上，
05:39
as you go up the tower.
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這個設計的結果是
05:40
The result of this
is that you can actually see people
is that you can actually see people
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你可在陽台上看到其他人。
05:44
from your balcony.
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陽台之周邊線
更是上下層參差不一的：
更是上下層參差不一的：
05:45
The balconies are misregistered.
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05:47
You can lean over your balcony
and say, "Hey!"
and say, "Hey!"
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你大可以在陽台上彎身
往下大喊 「嗨！」
往下大喊 「嗨！」
就像在傳統平房的後花園
一樣的喊叫鄰居。
一樣的喊叫鄰居。
05:50
just like you would across the backyard.
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為了讓住戶用陽台時更舒服，
05:53
To make the balconies more comfortable
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同時在四季中，
盡量增長享用陽台的時間，
盡量增長享用陽台的時間，
05:55
for a longer period of time
during the year,
during the year,
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我們用電腦模擬風向，
05:57
we studied the wind
with digital simulations,
with digital simulations,
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05:59
so the effect of the balcony shapes
breaks up the wind
breaks up the wind
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來確定陽台之形狀可以緩沖風力，
06:02
and confuses the wind
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讓風渦相沖，
06:04
and makes the balconies
more comfortable and less windy.
more comfortable and less windy.
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以致讓陽台更舒適和少受風擊。
現在，你只要走到陽台，
06:08
Now, just by being able
to go outside on your balcony
to go outside on your balcony
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或站在三樓的樓頂花園上，
06:11
or on the third floor roof terrace,
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你就能置身在戶外當中，
06:13
you can be connected to the outdoors,
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就算你是遙遙高離地面。
06:15
even when you're way above
the ground plane.
the ground plane.
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所以這建築成功地建立鄰居關係，
06:17
So the building acts to create community
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06:20
within the building and the city
at the same time.
at the same time.
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不管在大樓內，或都市內，
06:22
It's working.
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它都是成功的。
06:24
And people are starting to meet each other
on the building surface
on the building surface
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大樓的住戶開始在牆外之陽台相遇，
06:28
and we've heard --
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我們聽過──
06:30
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:31
they've even starting getting
together as couples.
together as couples.
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也有變成情侶夫妻的。
06:34
But besides romantic relationships,
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但是除了情侶關係，
06:37
the building has a positive social effect
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這大樓確實可以把正能量
06:39
on the community,
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帶到鄰居之中。
06:41
as evidenced by people
starting groups together
starting groups together
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這一點可以從住戶自動組成小組，
06:44
and starting big projects together,
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一起做些大項目來證明，
就像這個在大廈頂的有機公眾花園。
06:46
like this organic community garden
on the building's roof terrace.
on the building's roof terrace.
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06:51
So I've shown how tall buildings
can be social connectors,
can be social connectors,
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我已示範高層大樓
真的可以成為社交樞紐。
真的可以成為社交樞紐。
06:54
but what about public architecture?
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可是在公共建築也可以嗎？
我們如何能使公共建築和公民空間
06:56
How can we create better
social cohesion in public buildings
social cohesion in public buildings
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增益社會凝聚呢？
07:00
and civic spaces,
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為什麼這點很重要呢？
07:02
and why is it important?
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07:04
Public architecture
is just not as successful
is just not as successful
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公共建築一般都不會很成功：
07:06
if it comes from the top down.
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如果它是上層決定的。
大概十五年前在芝加哥，
07:09
About 15 years ago in Chicago,
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07:11
they started to replace
old police stations,
old police stations,
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政府開始重建老舊的警察局。
政府最終在全市中蓋了
外形一樣的警察局。
外形一樣的警察局。
07:14
and they built this identical model
all over the city.
all over the city.
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07:18
And even though they had good intentions
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雖然政府用意是好的，
想平等對待每一個社區；
07:21
of treating all neighborhoods equally,
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07:23
the communities didn't feel
invested in the process
invested in the process
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但是後果是社區的居民
都不覺得有參與感，
都不覺得有參與感，
更對這些建築物沒有歸屬感。
07:26
or feel a sense of ownership
of these buildings.
of these buildings.
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07:28
It was equality in the sense that
everybody gets the same police station,
everybody gets the same police station,
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政府很公平地給每一區
外貌一樣的警察局，
外貌一樣的警察局，
07:32
but it wasn't equity
in the sense of responding
in the sense of responding
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但是從回應每個社區的個別需求上，
不是平等的。
07:35
to each community's individual needs.
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實質的公眾得益才是關鍵。
07:37
And equity is the key issue here.
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在建築行業中，
07:40
You know, in my field, there's a debate
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對於到底建築設計是否真正能做到
07:44
about whether architecture
can even do anything
can even do anything
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促進社會關係，仍有爭議。
07:46
to improve social relationships.
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07:49
But I believe that we need architecture
and every tool in our tool kit
and every tool in our tool kit
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但我相信，我們可以利用建築設計
和我們擁有的每一個工具，
和我們擁有的每一個工具，
07:54
to improve these relationships.
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來改善這些人際關係。
07:57
In the US, policy reforms
have been recommended
have been recommended
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在美國，為了重建社會信任感，
有些人推薦了政策改革。
08:00
in order to rebuild trust.
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但是我的團隊和我試想
08:02
But my team and I wondered
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08:03
if design and a more inclusive
design process
design process
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設計本身和多容性的設計過程，
或許可在政策方面的討論中加分。
08:07
could help add something positive
to this policy conversation.
to this policy conversation.
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08:10
We asked ourselves simply:
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我們問自己，
設計能否真的修復信任呢？
08:12
Can design help rebuild trust?
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08:15
So we reached out to community members
and police officers in North Lawndale;
and police officers in North Lawndale;
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我們聯絡了北隆戴爾區的
社區人員和警察。
社區人員和警察。
這區是位於芝加哥市中；
08:19
it's a neighborhood in Chicago
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08:21
where the police station
is perceived as a scary fortress
is perceived as a scary fortress
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區民都視警察局為一座可怕的，
被停車場圍繞著的堡壘。
08:23
surrounded by a parking lot.
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08:26
In North Lawndale,
people are afraid of police
people are afraid of police
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在北隆戴爾，區民都很害怕警察，
08:28
and of going anywhere
near the police station,
near the police station,
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甚至不敢走近警察局，
甚至去報案。
08:31
even to report a crime.
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所以我們安排了一場腦力激盪會議，
08:32
So we organized this brainstorming session
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由警察和區民共同參與的。
08:35
with both groups participating,
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08:37
and we came up with this whole
new idea for the police station.
new idea for the police station.
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最後我們討論出一個
警察局的全新概念：
警察局的全新概念：
08:41
It's called "Polis Station."
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我們稱之為「波樂司」（Polis） 。
08:43
"Polis" is a Greek word that means
a place with a sense of community.
a place with a sense of community.
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波樂司是希臘城邦的意思：
是一個有社區意義的地方。
是一個有社區意義的地方。
08:48
It's based on the idea
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這概念是：
08:50
that if you can increase opportunities
for positive social interactions
for positive social interactions
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如果你能夠增加
警察和區民之間正向的接觸機會，
08:54
between police and community members,
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08:56
you can rebuild that relationship
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就可以重建友善的關係。
這一來，也同時能夠
活化整個社區。
活化整個社區。
08:58
and activate the neighborhood
at the same time.
at the same time.
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09:02
Instead of the police station
as a scary fortress,
as a scary fortress,
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警察局不再是一座可怕的堡壘，
09:05
you get highly active spaces
on the public side of the station --
on the public side of the station --
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取而代之是一個在警察局內的
一個生氣勃勃的公用空間，
一個生氣勃勃的公用空間，
09:09
places that spark conversation,
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一個能鼓勵談話的空間，
09:11
like a barbershop, a coffee shop
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像在理髮店裡，或是咖啡廳內，
09:13
or sports courts as well.
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或是在運動場。
09:15
Both cops and kids said they love sports.
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警察和青年人都一致說
他們熱愛運動。
他們熱愛運動。
09:18
These insights came directly
from the community members
from the community members
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這概念全是由區民
09:21
and the police officers themselves,
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和警察們提出來的。
09:24
and as designers, our role
was just to connect the dots
was just to connect the dots
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我們設計師的使命
就是把這些概念連貫起來，
就是把這些概念連貫起來，
09:27
and suggest the first step.
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協助把這些落實而已。
09:29
So with the help
of the city and the parks,
of the city and the parks,
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還好，我們獲得社區和
公園管理局的幫忙；
公園管理局的幫忙；
09:32
we were able to raise funds
and design and build a half-court,
and design and build a half-court,
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我們得以籌款、設計、
以及建造一個小形籃球場，
以及建造一個小形籃球場，
09:36
right on the police station parking lot.
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就在警察局的停車場中。
這是一個起步。
09:39
It's a start.
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09:40
But is it rebuilding trust?
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這樣是否真的能重建互信呢？
09:42
The people in North Lawndale say
the kids are using the courts every day
the kids are using the courts every day
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住在北隆戴爾區的居民說
小孩每天都在籃球場玩，
小孩每天都在籃球場玩，
09:46
and they even organize tournaments
like this one shown here,
like this one shown here,
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甚至還有策劃比賽，
像這裡顯示的一樣，
像這裡顯示的一樣，
09:49
and once in a while an officer joins in.
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偶爾會有一位警察參加。
09:54
But now, they even have basketballs
inside the station
inside the station
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現在，在警局內也建了
一個室內籃球場了，
一個室內籃球場了，
09:56
that kids can borrow.
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孩子們可以借用。
09:58
And recently they've asked us
to expand the courts
to expand the courts
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最近，他們請我們擴大這些籃球場，
10:00
and build a park on the site.
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還要蓋一個公園在現場。
10:04
And parents report something astonishing.
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家長報告了一些讓人驚訝的事情：
10:07
Before, there was fear of going
anywhere the station, and now they say
anywhere the station, and now they say
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以往，大家都怕接近警察局；
如今，他們覺得這籃球場
比附近的其他籃球場安全多了。
比附近的其他籃球場安全多了。
10:11
there's a sense that the court is safer
than other courts nearby,
than other courts nearby,
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10:15
and they prefer their kids to play here.
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父母都情願小孩在這裡玩。
10:18
So maybe in the future,
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所以，或許將來
在警察局內的市民開放區域，
10:19
on the public side of the station,
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10:21
you might be able to drop in
for a haircut at the barbershop
for a haircut at the barbershop
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很可能你可以進來剪個頭髪，
或預約公用禮堂來舉行生日派對，
10:25
or reserve the community room
for a birthday party
for a birthday party
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或申請延長駕照等，
10:27
or renew your driver's license
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10:29
or get money out of an ATM.
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或在櫃員機拿錢。
10:32
It can be a place for neighbors
to meet each other
to meet each other
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此處也可以是區民互相見面的地方，
10:34
and to get to know
the officers, and vice versa.
the officers, and vice versa.
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以及和警察互相認識的地方。
10:38
This is not a utopian fantasy.
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這絕對不是個烏托邦幻想：
10:40
It's about how do you design
to rebuild trust,
to rebuild trust,
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問題是要懂得
如何用設計來建立互信，
如何用設計來建立互信，
10:44
trusting relationships?
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增強信任的關係？
10:47
You know, every city has parks,
libraries, schools
libraries, schools
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眾所周知，每個都市都有
公園、圖書館、學校等，
公園、圖書館、學校等，
10:50
and other public buildings
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和其他公共設施。
10:52
that have the potential
to be reimagined as social connectors.
to be reimagined as social connectors.
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這些都有潛質
成為突破性的社交連接器。
成為突破性的社交連接器。
10:57
But reimagining the buildings
for the future is going to require
for the future is going to require
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但要重新想像未來的建築如何重建，
首先必定要讓當地的民眾參與。
11:01
engaging the people who live there.
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11:03
Engaging the public can be intimidating,
and I've felt that, too.
and I've felt that, too.
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讓民眾參與有些嚇人，
我本人也感受過。
我本人也感受過。
11:07
But maybe that's because
in architecture school,
in architecture school,
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或許是因為在上建築課程時，
11:10
we don't really learn how to engage
the public in the act of design.
the public in the act of design.
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我們都沒學過
如何引導市民參與設計。
如何引導市民參與設計。
11:14
We're taught to defend
our design against criticism.
our design against criticism.
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我們只學到如何去辯解
市民對我們設計的批評。
市民對我們設計的批評。
11:17
But I think that can change, too.
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但我相信這是可以改變的：
11:20
So if we can focus the design mind
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只要我們一心關注如何利用設計
來創造正面、雙贏的人群關係；
11:23
on creating positive,
reinforcing relationships
reinforcing relationships
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11:27
in architecture and through architecture,
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不管是建築物本體
或是間接從它引發出來的，
或是間接從它引發出來的，
11:29
I believe we can do much more
than create individual buildings.
than create individual buildings.
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我相信，除了外觀設計，
建築師能創造很多利益。
建築師能創造很多利益。
11:34
We can reduce the stress
and the polarization
and the polarization
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我們可以緩和壓力，
以及我們城市棲息地的極端情況。
11:37
in our urban habitats.
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11:40
We can create relationships.
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我們可以建立更加美好的人際關係。
11:42
We can help steady
this planet we all share.
this planet we all share.
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我們也可以幫助
我們共享的地球找回平衡。
我們共享的地球找回平衡。
你看到嗎？
11:46
See?
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建築師真的是人際關係創造者。
11:47
Architects really are
relationship builders.
relationship builders.
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11:49
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:50
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝。
11:52
(Applause)
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（鼓掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jeanne Gang - ArchitectWith an eye for nature’s forms and lessons learned from its materials, Jeanne Gang creates iconic environments that stand in curvy relief to blocky urban cityscapes.
Why you should listen
American architect and MacArthur Fellow Jeanne Gang is the founding principal of Studio Gang, an architecture and urban design practice based in Chicago and New York. Gang is recognized internationally for her socially engaged design process that foregrounds the relationships between individuals, communities, and environments. Drawing insight from ecological systems, her analytical and creative approach has produced some of today's most compelling architecture, including the Aqua Tower and Nature Boardwalk at Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago, and the Arcus Center for Social Justice Leadership at Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Her current major projects include an expansion of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and the next United States Embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
Committed to working on global and local issues, Gang brings design to a wide range of projects beyond architecture's conventional boundaries. She collaborates and innovates with experts across fields on pursuits ranging from the development of stronger materials to fostering stronger communities. Through teaching, speaking, writing, advocacy and advising, she engages with others to make a positive impact at multiple scales.
Jeanne Gang | Speaker | TED.com