TED2019
Brandon Clifford: The architectural secrets of the world's ancient wonders
Brandon Clifford: Tajne arhitekture čuda antičkog svijeta
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Kako su antičke civilizacije premještale masivno kamenje za izgradnju Stonehengea, piramida i kipova Uskršnjeg otoka? Brandon Clifford nam u brzom i izvrsnom govoru otkriva tajne antičke arhitekture i pokazuje genijalne tehnike kojima možemo graditi za budućnost. ''U eri u kojoj osmišljavamo zgrade da nam traju svega 30, možda 60 godina'', kaže, ''ja želim naučiti kako stvoriti nešto da intrigira vječno.''
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architect
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures. Full bio
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Do you think the things we build today
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Mislite li da će današnje građevine
00:15
will be considered wonders in the future?
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u budućnosti itko smatrati čudom?
00:19
Think of Stonehenge,
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Pomislite na Stonehenge,
00:20
the Pyramids,
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piramide,
00:22
Machu Picchu and Easter Island.
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Machu Picchu i Uskršnji otok.
00:26
Now, they're all pretty different
from what we're doing today,
from what we're doing today,
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Takva je arhitektura
drukčija od današnje,
drukčija od današnje,
00:30
with those massive stones,
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s onim masivnim kamenjem,
posloženim u cjelinu,
a naizgled nelogično.
a naizgled nelogično.
00:32
assembled in complex
but seemingly illogical ways,
but seemingly illogical ways,
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00:38
and all traces of their construction
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A svi su tragovi gradnje
00:41
erased,
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nestali
00:43
shrouding them in mystery.
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i ostao nam je misterij.
00:47
It seems like people could not
have possibly built these things,
have possibly built these things,
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Čini se da to ljudi nisu mogli izgraditi.
00:52
because people didn't.
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Jer ljudi i nisu.
00:54
They were carefully crafted
by a primordial race of giants
by a primordial race of giants
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To je gradila drevna rasa divova,
00:59
known as Cyclops.
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zvana Kiklopi.
01:00
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:01
And I've been collaborating
with these monsters
with these monsters
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Ja sam surađivao s tim gorostasima
01:04
to learn their secrets
for moving those massive stones.
for moving those massive stones.
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kako bih naučio tajne
micanja masivnog kamenja.
micanja masivnog kamenja.
01:08
And as it turns out,
Cyclops aren't even that strong.
Cyclops aren't even that strong.
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I pokazalo se da Kiklopi
nisu bili posebno snažni.
nisu bili posebno snažni.
01:13
They're just really smart
about getting material to work for them.
about getting material to work for them.
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Bili su samo vrlo pametni
pa je materijal radio za njih.
pa je materijal radio za njih.
01:19
Now, the videos you see behind me
of large, stone-like, wobbly creatures
of large, stone-like, wobbly creatures
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Iza mene su videa velikih,
klimavih stvorenja nalik kamenu,
klimavih stvorenja nalik kamenu,
01:23
are the results of this collaboration.
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koja su rezultat naše suradnje.
01:26
OK, so Cyclops might be
a mythical creature,
a mythical creature,
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OK, Kiklopi su možda mitska stvorenja,
01:30
but those wonders are still real.
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no sva su arhitektonska čuda ipak stvarna.
01:33
People made them.
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Gradili su ih ljudi.
01:35
But they also made the myths
that surround them,
that surround them,
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Ali su izgradili još i mitove oko toga.
01:39
and when it comes to wonders,
there's this thick connective tissue
there's this thick connective tissue
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A kod svih čuda postoji snažna veza
01:43
between mythology and reality.
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između mitologije i stvarnosti.
01:47
Take Easter Island, for example.
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Pogledajmo primjer Uskršnjeg otoka.
01:49
When the Dutch explorers
first encountered the island,
first encountered the island,
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Kad su se danski istraživači
prvi put iskrcali na otok,
prvi put iskrcali na otok,
01:53
they asked the people of Rapa Nui
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pitali su narod Rapa Nui:
01:55
how their ancestors could have possibly
moved those massive statues.
moved those massive statues.
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''Kako su vaši preci uopće
pomicali masivne kipove?''
pomicali masivne kipove?''
01:59
And the Rapa Nui said,
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Rapa Nui su im rekli:
02:01
"Our ancestors didn't move the statues,
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''Naši preci nisu pomicali kipove,
02:05
because the statues walked themselves."
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već su ti kipovi hodali sami.''
02:09
For centuries, this was dismissed,
but actually it's true.
but actually it's true.
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Stoljećima su svi to odbacivali,
iako je zapravo istina.
iako je zapravo istina.
02:13
The statues, known as moai,
were transported standing,
were transported standing,
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Kipove, poznate još kao moai,
prenosili su u uspravnom položaju,
prenosili su u uspravnom položaju,
02:18
pivoting from side to side.
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zakretanjem jedne na drugu stranu.
02:21
OK?
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OK?
02:23
As spectacular as the moai are
for visitors today,
for visitors today,
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Koliko god su moai danas spektakularni,
02:27
you have to imagine being there then,
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pokušajte se zamisliti u onom vremenu,
02:29
with colossal moai
marching around the island.
marching around the island.
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dok golemi moai hodaju otokom.
02:32
Because the real memorial
was not the objects themselves,
was not the objects themselves,
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Jer, pravi spomenik nisu bili sami kipovi.
02:38
it was the cultural ritual
of bringing a stone to life.
of bringing a stone to life.
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Pravi spomenik je bio lokalni ritual
u kojem se kamenju udahnjuje život.
u kojem se kamenju udahnjuje život.
02:43
So as an architect,
I've been chasing that dream.
I've been chasing that dream.
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Kao arhitekt sam lovio ovaj san:
02:47
How can we shift our idea of construction
to accommodate that mythical side?
to accommodate that mythical side?
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''Kako mogu u ideju gradnje
uklopiti mitski element?''
uklopiti mitski element?''
02:53
So what I've been doing
is challenging myself
is challenging myself
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I tako sam neko vrijeme izazivao sebe
višekratnim obavljanjem
02:55
with putting on a series of performances
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02:58
of the ancient but
pretty straightforward task
pretty straightforward task
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jednog običnog prastarog posla.
03:01
of just moving and standing
big heavy objects,
big heavy objects,
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Pomicao sam i uspravljao
velike i teške objekte.
velike i teške objekte.
03:05
like this 16-foot-tall megalith
designed to walk across land
designed to walk across land
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Poput ovog pet metara visokog megalita
izgrađenog da bi hodao zemljom
izgrađenog da bi hodao zemljom
03:09
and stand vertically;
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i uspravno stajao.
03:12
or this 4,000-pound behemoth
that springs itself to life
that springs itself to life
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Ili poput ovog divovskog primjerka
od dvije tone, koji oživljava
od dvije tone, koji oživljava
kako bi plesao na pozornici.
03:16
to dance onstage.
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03:19
And what I've found is
that by thinking of architecture
that by thinking of architecture
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I otkrio sam da kada
o ahitekturi razmišljamo
o ahitekturi razmišljamo
03:23
not as an end product but as a performance
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ne kao o rezultatu, nego kao o procesu,
03:26
from conception to completion,
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od prvotne ideje do gotovog djela,
03:30
we end up rediscovering some really smart
ways to build things today.
ways to build things today.
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iznova otkrivamo pametne načine gradnje,
korisne i danas.
korisne i danas.
03:35
You know, so much of the discussion
surrounding our future
surrounding our future
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Puno diskusija o budućnosti
fokusira se na tehnologiju,
učinkovitost i brzinu.
učinkovitost i brzinu.
03:38
focuses on technology,
efficiency and speed.
efficiency and speed.
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03:42
But if I've learned anything from Cyclops,
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Ali ako sam išta naučio od Kiklopa,
03:44
it's that wonders
can be smart, spectacular
can be smart, spectacular
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to je da čuda mogu biti
pametna, spektakularna
pametna, spektakularna
03:48
and sustainable --
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i održiva --
03:50
because of their mass and their mystery.
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baš zbog njihove mase i tajnovitosti.
03:54
And while people still want to know
how those ancient wonders were built,
how those ancient wonders were built,
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I dok ljudi još žele znati
kako su se gradila ta antička čuda,
kako su se gradila ta antička čuda,
03:57
I've been asking Cyclops
how to create the mystery
how to create the mystery
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ja sam Kiklope zapitkivao
kako stvoriti tajnovitost
kako stvoriti tajnovitost
04:00
that compels people
to ask that very question.
to ask that very question.
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koja bi potakla ljude
da postave to pitanje.
da postave to pitanje.
04:04
Because in an era
where we design buildings
where we design buildings
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U vremenu u kojem osmišljavamo zgrade
04:06
to last 30, maybe 60 years,
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koje trebaju trajati 30, možda 60 godina,
04:09
I would love to learn
how to create something
how to create something
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ja bih volio naučiti kako stvoriti nešto
što intrigira vječno.
04:12
that could entertain for an eternity.
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04:15
Thank you.
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Hvala.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architectTED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures.
Why you should listen
Brandon Clifford is best known for bringing megalithic sculptures to life to perform tasks. He is the director and cofounder of Matter Design, where his work focuses on advancing architectural research through spectacle and mysticism. He creates new ideas by critically evaluating ancient ways of thinking and experimenting with their value today. This work ranges from an award-winning play structure for kids to a colossal system of construction elements that can be guided into place with ease by mere mortals. He is dedicated to reimagining the role of the architect, and his speculative work continues to provoke new directions for design in the digital era.
Clifford is also an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His most recent authored work, The Cannibal's Cookbook, demonstrates his dedication to bringing ancient knowledge into contemporary practice with theatrical captivation. He received his Master of Architecture from Princeton University and his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from Georgia Tech. For his work as a designer and researcher, he has received recognition with prizes such as the American Academy in Rome Prize, the SOM Prize, the Design Biennial Boston Award and the Architectural League Prize for Young Architects & Designers.
Brandon Clifford | Speaker | TED.com