TEDxManhattanBeach
Gene Luen Yang: Comics belong in the classroom
Džin Jang (Gene Yang): Stripovima je mesto u učionici
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,416,188 views
Stripovi i grafički romani treba da budu sastavni deo alata svakog nastavnika, kaže crtač stripova i nastavnik Džin Jang. Kao glavni junak svojih duhovitih i živopisnih crteža, Jeng istražuje istoriju stripova u američkom obrazovanju i otkriva neka neočekivana saznanja o njihovom potencijalu za pružanje pomoći deci prilikom učenja.
Gene Luen Yang - Cartoonist, educator
Gene Luen Yang writes, and sometimes draws, comic books and graphic novels. Full bio
Gene Luen Yang writes, and sometimes draws, comic books and graphic novels. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:14
When I was in the fifth grade,
0
760
1456
Kada sam išao u peti razred,
00:16
I bought an issue
of "DC Comics Presents #57"
of "DC Comics Presents #57"
1
2240
4376
kupio sam 57. izdanje
„DC Comics Presents“
„DC Comics Presents“
00:20
off of a spinner rack
at my local bookstore,
at my local bookstore,
2
6640
2736
sa stalka u lokalnoj knjižari
00:23
and that comic book changed my life.
3
9400
3696
i taj strip mi je promenio život.
00:27
The combination of words and pictures
did something inside my head
did something inside my head
4
13120
3376
Kombinacija reči i slika
je uradila nešto u mojoj glavi
je uradila nešto u mojoj glavi
što se nikad do tada nije desilo.
00:30
that had never been done before,
5
16520
1536
00:32
and I immediately fell in love
with the medium of comics.
with the medium of comics.
6
18080
3696
Momentalno sam se zaljubio u stripove
00:35
I became a voracious comic book reader,
7
21800
3176
i postao sam halapljivi čitalac stripova,
00:39
but I never brought them to school.
8
25000
1696
ali ih nikada nisam donosio u školu.
00:40
Instinctively, I knew that comic books
didn't belong in the classroom.
didn't belong in the classroom.
9
26720
5816
Instiktivno sam znao da stripovima
nije mesto u učionici.
nije mesto u učionici.
00:46
My parents definitely were not fans,
10
32560
2416
Moji roditelji definitivno
nisu bili ljubitelji stripa,
nisu bili ljubitelji stripa,
00:49
and I was certain that my teachers
wouldn't be either.
wouldn't be either.
11
35000
3096
pa sam bio ubeđen
da ni moji nastavnici ne bi bili.
da ni moji nastavnici ne bi bili.
00:52
After all, they never used them to teach,
12
38120
2256
Uostalom, nisu ih nikad
koristili za predavanje,
koristili za predavanje,
00:54
comic books and graphic novels were never
allowed during silent sustained reading,
allowed during silent sustained reading,
13
40400
3896
stripovi i grafički romani nikad nisu bili
dozvoljeni tokom ekstenzivnog čitanja,
dozvoljeni tokom ekstenzivnog čitanja,
00:58
and they were never sold
at our annual book fair.
at our annual book fair.
14
44320
3496
i nikada nisu bili prodavani
na našem godišnjem sajmu knjiga.
na našem godišnjem sajmu knjiga.
01:01
Even so, I kept reading comics,
15
47840
2576
Uprkos tome, ja sam nastavio
da čitam stripove,
da čitam stripove,
01:04
and I even started making them.
16
50440
1616
čak sam počeo i da ih pravim.
01:06
Eventually I became
a published cartoonist,
a published cartoonist,
17
52080
3016
Vremenom sam postao crtač stripova,
01:09
writing and drawing
comic books for a living.
comic books for a living.
18
55120
2800
koji je zarađivao pišući
i crtajući stripove.
i crtajući stripove.
01:12
I also became a high school teacher.
19
58680
2256
Takođe sam postao
i nastavnik u srednjoj školi.
i nastavnik u srednjoj školi.
01:14
This is where I taught:
20
60960
1296
Ovde sam predavao:
01:16
Bishop O'Dowd High School
in Oakland, California.
in Oakland, California.
21
62280
2816
srednja škola „Biskup O'Daud”,
u Oklandu u Kaliforniji.
u Oklandu u Kaliforniji.
01:19
I taught a little bit of math
and a little bit of art,
and a little bit of art,
22
65120
2536
Predavao sam malo matematiku
i malo umetnost,
i malo umetnost,
ali većinom informatiku,
01:21
but mostly computer science,
23
67680
1376
i tamo sam radio 17 godina.
01:23
and I was there for 17 years.
24
69080
2416
01:25
When I was a brand new teacher,
25
71520
1856
Kada sam tek počinjao raditi,
01:27
I tried bringing comic books
into my classroom.
into my classroom.
26
73400
3136
pokušao sam da uvedem stripove u učionicu.
01:30
I remember telling my students
on the first day of every class
on the first day of every class
27
76560
3096
Sećam se kako bih prvog dana škole
učenicima svih razreda govorio
učenicima svih razreda govorio
01:33
that I was also a cartoonist.
28
79680
2096
da sam ja takođe i crtač stripova.
01:35
It wasn't so much that I was planning
to teach them with comics,
to teach them with comics,
29
81800
3096
Nisam time planirao da počnem
da ih učim iz stripova,
da ih učim iz stripova,
01:38
it was more that I was hoping comics
would make them think that I was cool.
would make them think that I was cool.
30
84920
4016
nego sam se više nadao
da će zbog stripova smatrati da sam kul.
da će zbog stripova smatrati da sam kul.
01:42
(Laughter)
31
88960
1416
(Smeh)
01:44
I was wrong.
32
90400
1376
Pogrešio sam.
01:45
This was the '90s,
33
91800
1976
Ovo su bile '90-e,
01:47
so comic books didn't have
the cultural cachet that they do today.
the cultural cachet that they do today.
34
93800
4296
tako da stripovi nisu baš imali
onaj kulturološki status koji imaju danas.
onaj kulturološki status koji imaju danas.
01:52
My students didn't think I was cool.
They thought I was kind of a dork.
They thought I was kind of a dork.
35
98120
3936
Moji učenici nisu smatrali da sam kul.
Mislili su da sam neka vrsta autsajdera.
Mislili su da sam neka vrsta autsajdera.
01:56
And even worse,
when stuff got hard in my class,
when stuff got hard in my class,
36
102080
2896
Još gore, kada bi gradivo postalo teško,
01:59
they would use comic books
as a way of distracting me.
as a way of distracting me.
37
105000
3296
koristili bi stripove da mi skrenu pažnju.
02:02
They would raise their hands
and ask me questions like,
and ask me questions like,
38
108320
2616
Podizali bi ruke i pitali me pitanja tipa:
02:04
"Mr. Yang, who do you think
would win in a fight,
would win in a fight,
39
110960
2336
„Gospodine Jeng, šta mislite,
ko bi pobedio u borbi,
ko bi pobedio u borbi,
02:07
Superman or the Hulk?"
40
113320
1256
Supermen ili Hulk?”
02:08
(Laughter)
41
114600
1016
(Smeh)
02:09
I very quickly realized I had to keep
my teaching and my cartooning separate.
my teaching and my cartooning separate.
42
115640
5056
Veoma brzo sam shvatio da moram
razdvojiti predavanje od stripova.
razdvojiti predavanje od stripova.
02:14
It seemed like my instincts
in fifth grade were correct.
in fifth grade were correct.
43
120720
3416
Izgledalo je da je moj instikt
iz petog razreda bio ispravan.
iz petog razreda bio ispravan.
02:18
Comic books didn't belong
in the classroom.
in the classroom.
44
124160
3040
Stripovima nije bilo mesta u učionici.
02:21
But again, I was wrong.
45
127800
1440
Ipak, pogrešio sam.
02:23
A few years into my teaching career,
46
129800
2056
Nakon par godina predavanja,
02:25
I learned firsthand
the educational potential of comics.
the educational potential of comics.
47
131880
4896
saznao sam iz prve ruke
koji je obrazovni potencijal stripova.
koji je obrazovni potencijal stripova.
02:30
One semester, I was asked to sub
for this Algebra 2 class.
for this Algebra 2 class.
48
136800
3536
Jednog polugodišta, zamolili su me
da predajem na zameni algebru 2.
da predajem na zameni algebru 2.
02:34
I was asked to long-term sub it,
and I said yes, but there was a problem.
and I said yes, but there was a problem.
49
140360
4296
Zatražili su da predajem na duži rok,
i ja sam pristao. Ali postojao je problem.
i ja sam pristao. Ali postojao je problem.
02:38
At the time, I was also
the school's educational technologist,
the school's educational technologist,
50
144680
3696
U to vreme, ja sam takođe bio
i školski obrazovni tehnolog,
i školski obrazovni tehnolog,
02:42
which meant every couple of weeks
51
148400
1896
što je značilo da bih
svakih nekoliko nedelja
svakih nekoliko nedelja
02:44
I had to miss one or two periods
of this Algebra 2 class
of this Algebra 2 class
52
150320
3416
morao da propustim par časova algebre 2,
02:47
because I was in another classroom
helping another teacher
helping another teacher
53
153760
2816
zato što bih bio u drugoj učionici
pomažući drugom nastavniku
pomažući drugom nastavniku
02:50
with a computer-related activity.
54
156600
2096
sa njegovom aktivnosti
vezanom za kompjutere.
vezanom za kompjutere.
02:52
For these Algebra 2 students,
that was terrible.
that was terrible.
55
158720
3136
Za učenike koji su pohađali
algebru 2, to je bilo užasno.
algebru 2, to je bilo užasno.
02:55
I mean, having a long-term
sub is bad enough,
sub is bad enough,
56
161880
2616
Ionako je dovoljno strašno
imati dugoročnu zamenu,
imati dugoročnu zamenu,
02:58
but having a sub for your sub?
That's the worst.
That's the worst.
57
164520
3120
ali imati zamenu za zamenu,
to je bila najgora opcija.
to je bila najgora opcija.
03:02
In an effort to provide some sort
of consistency for my students,
of consistency for my students,
58
168360
3856
Da bih obezbedio makar neki
kontinuitet svojim učenicima,
kontinuitet svojim učenicima,
03:06
I began videotaping
myself giving lectures.
myself giving lectures.
59
172240
2856
počeo sam da snimam svoja predavanja.
03:09
I'd then give these videos to my sub
to play for my students.
to play for my students.
60
175120
3616
Tada bih ove snimke dao mojoj zameni
da ih pušta mojim učenicima.
da ih pušta mojim učenicima.
03:12
I tried to make these videos
as engaging as possible.
as engaging as possible.
61
178760
4456
Trudio sam se da ovi snimci
budu što zanimljiviji.
budu što zanimljiviji.
03:17
I even included
these little special effects.
these little special effects.
62
183240
2136
Čak sam uključio i specijalne efekte.
03:19
For instance, after I finished
a problem on the board,
a problem on the board,
63
185400
2856
Na primer, kada bih završio
zadatak na tabli,
zadatak na tabli,
03:22
I'd clap my hands,
64
188280
1616
pljesnuo bih rukama,
03:23
and the board would magically erase.
65
189920
2416
i tabla bi se magično izbrisala.
03:26
(Laughter)
66
192360
1416
(Smeh)
03:27
I thought it was pretty awesome.
67
193800
1560
Ja sam smatrao da je to baš fenomenalno.
03:30
I was pretty certain
that my students would love it,
that my students would love it,
68
196160
2856
Bio sam prilično siguran
da će se dopasti mojim učenicima,
da će se dopasti mojim učenicima,
03:33
but I was wrong.
69
199040
1216
ali sam pogrešio.
03:34
(Laughter)
70
200280
1376
(Smeh)
03:35
These video lectures were a disaster.
71
201680
2856
Ova video-predavanja su bila katastrofa.
03:38
I had students coming up to me
and saying things like,
and saying things like,
72
204560
2576
Učenici su mi dolazili i govorili:
„Gospodine Jeng, mi smo mislili
da ste uživo dosadni,
da ste uživo dosadni,
03:41
"Mr. Yang, we thought
you were boring in person,
you were boring in person,
73
207160
2256
03:43
but on video, you are just unbearable."
74
209440
3456
ali na snimku ste nepodnošljivi.”
03:46
(Laughter)
75
212920
1616
(Smeh)
03:48
So as a desperate second attempt,
I began drawing these lectures as comics.
I began drawing these lectures as comics.
76
214560
5336
Kao očajnički, drugi pokušaj, počeo sam
da crtam predavanja kao stripove.
da crtam predavanja kao stripove.
03:53
I'd do these very quickly
with very little planning.
with very little planning.
77
219920
2456
Radio bih veoma brzo, sa malo planiranja.
03:56
I'd just take a sharpie,
draw one panel after the other,
draw one panel after the other,
78
222400
2816
Uzeo bih olovku i crtao
jednu scenu za drugom,
jednu scenu za drugom,
03:59
figuring out what I wanted
to say as I went.
to say as I went.
79
225240
2696
stvarajući koncept u hodu.
04:01
These comics lectures would come out
80
227960
1736
Ova predavanja u vidu stripova
04:03
to anywhere between
four and six pages long,
four and six pages long,
81
229720
2096
su imala od četiri do šest strana.
04:05
I'd xerox these, give them to my sub
to hand to my students.
to hand to my students.
82
231840
4976
Kopirao bih ih i dao mojoj zameni
da ih podeli učenicima.
da ih podeli učenicima.
04:10
And much to my surprise,
83
236840
2216
Na moje iznenađenje,
04:13
these comics lectures were a hit.
84
239080
2816
ova predavanja u obliku stripa
su bila pun pogodak.
su bila pun pogodak.
04:15
My students would ask me
to make these for them
to make these for them
85
241920
3536
Moji učenici su tražili da ih pravim
04:19
even when I could be there in person.
86
245480
2936
čak i kada sam bio prisutan na času.
04:22
It was like they liked cartoon me
more than actual me.
more than actual me.
87
248440
4096
Izgledalo je kao da im se ja u stripu
više dopadam nego stvaran ja.
više dopadam nego stvaran ja.
04:26
(Laughter)
88
252560
2056
(Smeh)
04:28
This surprised me, because my students
are part of a generation
are part of a generation
89
254640
3696
Ovo me je iznenadilo,
zato što su moji učenici deo generacije
zato što su moji učenici deo generacije
04:32
that was raised on screens,
90
258360
1895
koja je odrasla uz ekrane,
04:34
so I thought for sure they would like
learning from a screen
learning from a screen
91
260279
3217
pa sam bio ubeđen
da će pre želeti da uče sa ekrana
da će pre želeti da uče sa ekrana
04:37
better than learning from a page.
92
263520
2536
nego sa stranice.
04:40
But when I talked to my students
93
266080
1656
Ali kada sam pričao sa mojim učenicima
04:41
about why they liked
these comics lectures so much,
these comics lectures so much,
94
267760
3216
zašto toliko vole
ova stripovna predavanja,
ova stripovna predavanja,
04:45
I began to understand
the educational potential of comics.
the educational potential of comics.
95
271000
4376
počeo sam da shvatam
obrazovni potencijal stripova.
obrazovni potencijal stripova.
04:49
First, unlike their math textbooks,
96
275400
2616
Prvo, za razliku od njihovih
udžbenika iz matematike,
udžbenika iz matematike,
04:52
these comics lectures taught visually.
97
278040
2576
ova predavanja u obliku stripa
su ih učila vizualno.
su ih učila vizualno.
04:54
Our students grow up in a visual culture,
98
280640
2816
Naši učenici su odrasli
u vizualnoj kulturi,
u vizualnoj kulturi,
04:57
so they're used to taking in
information that way.
information that way.
99
283480
2736
pa su navikli da primaju
informacije na taj način.
informacije na taj način.
05:00
But unlike other visual narratives,
100
286240
2776
Za razliku od ostalih oblika
vizualne naracije,
vizualne naracije,
05:03
like film or television
or animation or video,
or animation or video,
101
289040
4816
kao što su film, televizija,
animacija ili video,
animacija ili video,
05:07
comics are what I call permanent.
102
293880
2856
stripovi su, kako ja volim
da kažem, trajni.
da kažem, trajni.
05:10
In a comic, past, present and future
all sit side by side on the same page.
all sit side by side on the same page.
103
296760
5656
U stripovima prošlost, sadašnjost
i budućnost sede na istoj stranici.
i budućnost sede na istoj stranici.
05:16
This means that the rate
of information flow
of information flow
104
302440
3416
Što znači da je brzina protoka informacija
05:19
is firmly in the hands of the reader.
105
305880
2720
čvrsto u rukama čitaoca.
05:23
When my students didn't understand
something in my comics lecture,
something in my comics lecture,
106
309560
4016
Kada moji učenici nešto ne bi razumeli
u mojim predavanjima u obliku stripa,
u mojim predavanjima u obliku stripa,
05:27
they could just reread that passage
as quickly or as slowly as they needed.
as quickly or as slowly as they needed.
107
313600
4216
mogli su jednostavno ponovo pročitati
pasus onom brzinom koja im je potrebna.
pasus onom brzinom koja im je potrebna.
05:31
It was like I was giving them
a remote control over the information.
a remote control over the information.
108
317840
3976
To je bilo kao da sam im dao
daljinski upravljač za informacije.
daljinski upravljač za informacije.
05:35
The same was not true
of my video lectures,
of my video lectures,
109
321840
2896
Što nije bio slučaj
sa mojim video-predavanjima,
sa mojim video-predavanjima,
05:38
and it wasn't even true
of my in-person lectures.
of my in-person lectures.
110
324760
2776
pa čak ni sa mojim predavanjima uživo.
05:41
When I speak, I deliver the information
as quickly or slowly as I want.
as quickly or slowly as I want.
111
327560
4736
Kada predajem, ja informacije
iznosim brzinom kojom ja želim.
iznosim brzinom kojom ja želim.
05:46
So for certain students
and certain kinds of information,
and certain kinds of information,
112
332320
3376
Za određene učenike
i za određene informacije,
i za određene informacije,
05:49
these two aspects of the comics medium,
its visual nature and its permanence,
its visual nature and its permanence,
113
335720
4936
ova dva aspekta stripa kao medija,
njegova vizualna priroda i trajnost,
njegova vizualna priroda i trajnost,
05:54
make it an incredibly powerful
educational tool.
educational tool.
114
340680
3656
su ga učinile neverovatno
moćnom obrazovnom alatkom.
moćnom obrazovnom alatkom.
05:58
When I was teaching this Algebra 2 class,
115
344360
1976
Dok sam predavao algebru 2,
06:00
I was also working on my master's
in education at Cal State East Bay.
in education at Cal State East Bay.
116
346360
4216
pohađao sam master studije obrazovanja
na Kalifornijskom univerzitetu
Istočnog zaliva.
Istočnog zaliva.
06:04
And I was so intrigued by this experience
that I had with these comics lectures
that I had with these comics lectures
117
350600
4056
Toliko sam bio impresioniran iskustvom
sa predavanjima u obliku stripa
sa predavanjima u obliku stripa
06:08
that I decided to focus
my final master's project on comics.
my final master's project on comics.
118
354680
5096
da sam odlučio da tema
mog master rada budu stripovi.
mog master rada budu stripovi.
06:13
I wanted to figure out
why American educators
why American educators
119
359800
2976
Želeo sam da shvatim
zašto su američki nastavnici
zašto su američki nastavnici
06:16
have historically been so reluctant
to use comic books in their classrooms.
to use comic books in their classrooms.
120
362800
5216
toliko dugo protivili
upotrebi stripova na svojim časovima.
upotrebi stripova na svojim časovima.
06:22
Here's what I discovered.
121
368040
2096
Evo šta sam otkrio.
06:24
Comic books first became
a mass medium in the 1940s,
a mass medium in the 1940s,
122
370160
2656
Strip se kao medijum pojavio 1940-ih,
06:26
with millions of copies
selling every month,
selling every month,
123
372840
2416
kada je prodavano
milion primeraka mesečno,
milion primeraka mesečno,
što su tadašnji nastavnici primetili.
06:29
and educators back then took notice.
124
375280
2136
06:31
A lot of innovative teachers began
bringing comics into their classrooms
bringing comics into their classrooms
125
377440
3976
Mnogi inovativni nastavnici su počeli
donositi stripove na svoje časove,
donositi stripove na svoje časove,
06:35
to experiment.
126
381440
1336
kao eksperiment.
06:36
In 1944, the "Journal
of Educational Sociology"
of Educational Sociology"
127
382800
3856
Godine 1944, „Časopis
sociologije obrazovanja”
sociologije obrazovanja”
06:40
even devoted an entire issue
to this topic.
to this topic.
128
386680
3576
čak je posvetio čitavo izdanje ovoj temi.
06:44
Things seemed to be progressing.
129
390280
2376
Stvari su naizgled napredovale.
06:46
Teachers were starting
to figure things out.
to figure things out.
130
392680
2376
Nastavnici su počeli da shvataju.
06:49
But then along comes this guy.
131
395080
2296
Ali onda se pojavljuje ovaj čovek.
06:51
This is child psychologist
Dr. Fredric Wertham,
Dr. Fredric Wertham,
132
397400
3976
Ovo je dečiji psiholog,
dr Fredrik Vertam,
dr Fredrik Vertam,
06:55
and in 1954, he wrote a book
called "Seduction of the Innocent,"
called "Seduction of the Innocent,"
133
401400
3936
koji je 1954. godine napisao knjigu
„Zavođenje nevinih”,
„Zavođenje nevinih”,
06:59
where he argues that comic books
cause juvenile delinquency.
cause juvenile delinquency.
134
405360
4536
gde iznosi tvrdnje da su stripovi
uzrok maloletne delikvencije.
uzrok maloletne delikvencije.
07:03
(Laughter)
135
409920
1056
(Smeh)
07:05
He was wrong.
136
411000
1616
Pogrešio je.
07:06
Now, Dr. Wertham was actually
a pretty decent guy.
a pretty decent guy.
137
412640
2376
Dr Vertam je u suštini
bio veoma pristojan čovek.
bio veoma pristojan čovek.
07:09
He spent most of his career
working with juvenile delinquents,
working with juvenile delinquents,
138
415040
3056
Veći deo svoje karijere je proveo
radeći sa maloletnim delikventima,
radeći sa maloletnim delikventima,
07:12
and in his work he noticed
that most of his clients read comic books.
that most of his clients read comic books.
139
418120
5216
i u svom radu je primetio da većina
njegovih klijenata čita stripove.
njegovih klijenata čita stripove.
07:17
What Dr. Wertham failed to realize
was in the 1940s and '50s,
was in the 1940s and '50s,
140
423360
3736
Ono što je dr Vertamu promaklo
je da je u 1940-im i '50-im
je da je u 1940-im i '50-im
07:21
almost every kid in America
read comic books.
read comic books.
141
427120
4136
skoro svako dete u Americi
čitalo stripove.
čitalo stripove.
07:25
Dr. Wertham does a pretty
dubious job of proving his case,
dubious job of proving his case,
142
431280
3336
Dr Vertam prilično neuverljivo
iznosi svoju tvrdnju,
iznosi svoju tvrdnju,
07:28
but his book does inspire
the Senate of the United States
the Senate of the United States
143
434640
3336
ali je ova knjiga inspirisala
Senat Sjedinjenih Američkih Država
Senat Sjedinjenih Američkih Država
07:32
to hold a series of hearings
144
438000
2096
da održi niz saslušanja
07:34
to see if in fact comic books
caused juvenile delinquency.
caused juvenile delinquency.
145
440120
4000
kako bi proverili da li stvarno stripovi
prouzrokuju maloletničku delikvenciju.
prouzrokuju maloletničku delikvenciju.
07:38
These hearings lasted
for almost two months.
for almost two months.
146
444720
2736
Ova saslušanja su trajala
skoro dva meseca.
skoro dva meseca.
07:41
They ended inconclusively,
but not before doing tremendous damage
but not before doing tremendous damage
147
447480
4496
Završila su se bez zaključka, ali ne pre
nego što su naneli ogromnu štetu
nego što su naneli ogromnu štetu
07:46
to the reputation of comic books
in the eyes of the American public.
in the eyes of the American public.
148
452000
4176
reputaciji stripa
u očima američke javnosti.
u očima američke javnosti.
07:50
After this, respectable American
educators all backed away,
educators all backed away,
149
456200
4336
Nakon ovoga, ugledni
američki nastavnici su se povukli,
američki nastavnici su se povukli,
07:54
and they stayed away for decades.
150
460560
1816
i držali su se decenijama po strani.
07:56
It wasn't until the 1970s
151
462400
1456
Tek 1970-ih
07:57
that a few brave souls
started making their way back in.
started making their way back in.
152
463880
3456
nekoliko hrabrih duša
ih je počelo vraćati natrag.
ih je počelo vraćati natrag.
08:01
And it really wasn't
until pretty recently,
until pretty recently,
153
467360
2056
A tek odnedavno, možda
od prošle decenije ili tako nekako,
od prošle decenije ili tako nekako,
08:03
maybe the last decade or so,
154
469440
1696
08:05
that comics have seen
more widespread acceptance
more widespread acceptance
155
471160
2896
stripovi su malo bolje prihvaćeni
08:08
among American educators.
156
474080
1776
među američkim nastavnicima.
08:09
Comic books and graphic novels
are now finally making their way
are now finally making their way
157
475880
4136
Stripovi i grafički romani
se sada konačno vraćaju natrag
se sada konačno vraćaju natrag
08:14
back into American classrooms
158
480040
1856
u američke učionice,
08:15
and this is even happening
at Bishop O'Dowd, where I used to teach.
at Bishop O'Dowd, where I used to teach.
159
481920
3816
čak i u Biskupu O'Daudu,
gde sam ja predavao.
gde sam ja predavao.
08:19
Mr. Smith, one of my former colleagues,
160
485760
1896
Gospodin Smit,
jedan od mojih bivših kolega,
jedan od mojih bivših kolega,
08:21
uses Scott McCloud's
"Understanding Comics"
"Understanding Comics"
161
487680
2936
koristi knjigu „Razumevanje stripova"
autora Skota Maklauda
autora Skota Maklauda
08:24
in his literature and film class,
because that book gives his students
because that book gives his students
162
490640
3976
na svojim časovima književnosti i filma,
zato što ta knjiga uči njegove učenike
zato što ta knjiga uči njegove učenike
08:28
the language with which to discuss
the relationship between words and images.
the relationship between words and images.
163
494640
5096
o vezi između reči i slika.
08:33
Mr. Burns assigns a comics essay
to his students every year.
to his students every year.
164
499760
3896
Gospodin Berns svake godine
učenicima dodeljuje esej u obliku stripa.
učenicima dodeljuje esej u obliku stripa.
08:37
By asking his students
to process a prose novel using images,
to process a prose novel using images,
165
503680
3936
Tražeći od njih da prepričaju
roman koristeći slike,
roman koristeći slike,
08:41
Mr. Burns asks them to think deeply
166
507640
2536
gospodin Berns od njih traži
da razmišljaju dublje,
da razmišljaju dublje,
08:44
not just about the story
167
510200
1935
ne samo o priči,
08:46
but also about how that story is told.
168
512159
3017
nego i o načinu na koji je ona ispričana.
08:49
And Ms. Murrock uses
my own "American Born Chinese"
my own "American Born Chinese"
169
515200
3096
A gospođa Marok koristi moj strip
„Kinez rođen u Americi”
„Kinez rođen u Americi”
08:52
with her English 1 students.
170
518320
1776
sa učenicima engleskog 1.
08:54
For her, graphic novels
171
520120
1616
Po njoj, grafički romani
08:55
are a great way of fulfilling
a Common Core Standard.
a Common Core Standard.
172
521760
3776
su odličan način da bi se ispunili
Zajednički državni standardi.
Zajednički državni standardi.
08:59
The Standard states that students
ought to be able to analyze
ought to be able to analyze
173
525560
2896
Po ovim standardima, učenici bi trebalo
da imaju sposobnost da analiziraju
da imaju sposobnost da analiziraju
09:02
how visual elements contribute
to the meaning, tone and beauty of a text.
to the meaning, tone and beauty of a text.
174
528480
5720
kako vizualni elementi doprinose
značenju, tonu i lepoti teksta.
značenju, tonu i lepoti teksta.
09:08
Over in the library, Ms. Counts
has built a pretty impressive
has built a pretty impressive
175
534760
3216
U biblioteci, gospođa Kaunts
je izgradila prilično impresivnu
je izgradila prilično impresivnu
09:12
graphic novel collection
for Bishop O'Dowd.
for Bishop O'Dowd.
176
538000
2336
kolekciju grafičkih romana
u Biskup O'Daudu.
u Biskup O'Daudu.
09:14
Now, Ms. Counts and all
of her librarian colleagues
of her librarian colleagues
177
540360
3176
Gospođa Kaunts
i sve njene kolege bibliotekari
i sve njene kolege bibliotekari
09:17
have really been at the forefront
of comics advocacy,
of comics advocacy,
178
543560
3016
su zaista bili na prvoj liniji
odbrane stripova,
odbrane stripova,
09:20
really since the early '80s,
when a school library journal article
when a school library journal article
179
546600
3496
još od ranih '80-tih, kada je članak
školskog bibliotekarskog časopisa
školskog bibliotekarskog časopisa
09:24
stated that the mere presence
of graphic novels in the library
of graphic novels in the library
180
550120
4336
potvrdio da je sama prisutnost
grafičkih romana u biblioteci
grafičkih romana u biblioteci
09:28
increased usage by about 80 percent
181
554480
2776
povećalo upotrebu za oko 80 procenata
09:31
and increased the circulation
of noncomics material
of noncomics material
182
557280
4056
i povećalo cirkulaciju materijala
koji nisu bili stripovi
koji nisu bili stripovi
09:35
by about 30 percent.
183
561360
1240
za oko 30 procenata.
09:37
Inspired by this renewed interest
from American educators,
from American educators,
184
563240
3416
Inspirisani ovim ponovnim
interesom američkih nastavnika,
interesom američkih nastavnika,
09:40
American cartoonists are now producing
more explicitly educational content
more explicitly educational content
185
566680
4936
američki crtači stripova sada proizvode
mnogo jasnije obrazovni sadržaj
mnogo jasnije obrazovni sadržaj
09:45
for the K-12 market than ever before.
186
571640
2696
namenjen osnovnoškolskom
i srednjoškolskom uzrastu.
i srednjoškolskom uzrastu.
09:48
A lot of this is directed
at language arts,
at language arts,
187
574360
3176
Mnogi su namenjeni jezičkim predmetima,
09:51
but more and more comics
and graphic novels
and graphic novels
188
577560
2056
ali sve više stripova i grafičkih romana
09:53
are starting to tackle
math and science topics.
math and science topics.
189
579640
3496
počinju da se fokusiraju
na matematiku i nauku.
na matematiku i nauku.
09:57
STEM comics graphics novels
really are like this uncharted territory,
really are like this uncharted territory,
190
583160
4496
NTIM grafički romani su, u stvari,
kao neotkrivena teritorija,
kao neotkrivena teritorija,
10:01
ready to be explored.
191
587680
1440
spremna za istraživanje.
10:03
America is finally waking up to the fact
192
589920
2496
Amerika konačno prihvata činjenicu
10:06
that comic books
do not cause juvenile delinquency.
do not cause juvenile delinquency.
193
592440
4176
da stripovi nisu uzrok
maloletničke delikvencije.
maloletničke delikvencije.
10:10
(Laughter)
194
596640
1016
(Smeh)
10:11
That they really do belong
in every educator's toolkit.
in every educator's toolkit.
195
597680
4176
Da oni zaista treba da budu
deo alata svakog nastavnika.
deo alata svakog nastavnika.
10:15
There's no good reason
to keep comic books and graphic novels
to keep comic books and graphic novels
196
601880
3336
Ne postoji dobar razlog
za držanje stripova i grafičkih romana
za držanje stripova i grafičkih romana
10:19
out of K-12 education.
197
605240
2056
podalje od osnovnoškolskog
i srednjoškolskog obrazovanja.
i srednjoškolskog obrazovanja.
10:21
They teach visually,
198
607320
1656
Oni uče vizualno
10:23
they give our students
that remote control.
that remote control.
199
609000
2760
i daju našim učenicima
onaj daljinski upravljač.
onaj daljinski upravljač.
10:26
The educational potential is there
200
612520
2696
Obrazovni potencijal je tu,
10:29
just waiting to be tapped
201
615240
1736
samo čeka da ga iskoristi
10:31
by creative people like you.
202
617000
1680
neko od kreativnih ljudi kao što ste vi.
10:33
Thank you.
203
619440
1216
Hvala vam.
10:34
(Applause)
204
620680
3080
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gene Luen Yang - Cartoonist, educatorGene Luen Yang writes, and sometimes draws, comic books and graphic novels.
Why you should listen
As the Library of Congress's fifth National Ambassador for Young People's Literature, Gene Luen Yang advocates for the importance of reading, especially reading diversely. American Born Chinese, his first graphic novel from First Second Books, was a National Book Award finalist, as well as the winner of the Printz Award and an Eisner Award. His two-volume graphic novel Boxers & Saints won the L.A. Times Book Prize and was a National Book Award Finalist. His other works include Secret Coders (with Mike Holmes), The Shadow Hero (with Sonny Liew), New Super-Man from DC Comics (with various artists) and the Avatar: The Last Airbender series from Dark Horse Comics (with Gurihiru). In 2016, he was named a MacArthur Foundation Fellow.
Gene Luen Yang | Speaker | TED.com