ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eric Dyer - Artist, educator
Eric Dyer is an artist and educator who brings animation into the physical world with his sequential images, sculptures and installations.

Why you should listen

Eric Dyer spent years working at a computer to produce images for the screen. Longing to "get my hands back on the work," he returned to a tactile creative process. He began exploring the zoetrope, an early form of animation. The device, popular in the 19th century, consists of a slitted drum whose interior is lined with a sequence of images. When the object is spun, the viewer peers through the apertures in the drum and the forms appear to move. By replacing the drum with a fast-shutter digital video camera, Dyer invented the process of making films from spinning sculptures. He continues to innovate with new tools and applications, moving his work off the screen and into real spaces.

Dyer work has been widely exhibited at events and venues such as the Smithsonian National Gallery of Art, Ars Electronica, international animation festivals in numerous countries, the screens of Times Square, and the Cairo and Venice Biennales. He has been honored as a Fulbright Fellow, Sundance New Frontier Artist, Creative Capital Artist and Guggenheim Fellow. Dyer's fervent exploration of expression through motion has placed his work in books such as Re-imagining Animation: the Changing Face of the Moving Image, Pervasive Animation, Animation: A World History and A New History of Animation. He has been a visiting artist at institutions such as Carnegie Mellon University, ECNU in Shanghai, and CalArts. Dyer teaches visual arts and animation at UMBC in Baltimore, MD and is represented by Ronald Feldman Fine Arts, New York.

More profile about the speaker
Eric Dyer | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxCharlottesville

Eric Dyer: The forgotten art of the zoetrope

Eric Dyer: 被遗忘的西洋镜艺术

Filmed:
1,087,963 views

艺术家Eric Dyer常年坐在电脑前,制作荧幕影像。出于对重新开始工作的渴望,他开始了对西洋镜的探究。这是一种19世纪流行的设备,早在电影到来之前就被用来创造运动的幻觉。在这场充满活力的演讲中,他展示了他的艺术发明:旋转的雕塑及其唤起的美丽而梦幻的景象。(警告:本演讲内含闪烁的图像和灯光。光敏患者或感光性癫痫发作者请勿观看)
- Artist, educator
Eric Dyer is an artist and educator who brings animation into the physical world with his sequential images, sculptures and installations. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
A long time ago,
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很久以前,
00:14
I was a professional专业的 animator动画制作者.
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我是一名专业的动画制作人。
00:18
(Music音乐)
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(音乐)
00:19
[Eric埃里克 Dyer戴尔]
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【Eric Dyer】
00:21
[Animator动画 师]
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【动画制作人】
00:22
[Compositor排序]
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【排版员】
00:28
And at night,
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在夜里,我会制作自己的实验电影
00:30
I would make my own拥有 experimental试验 films影片.
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(指拍摄风格和制作方式与主流商业
和记录片相异或对立的影片)
00:32
(Music音乐)
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(音乐)
00:33
And I was spending开支 a lot of time,
way too much time, in front面前 of a screen屏幕
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我会花特别长的时间坐在屏幕前,
00:38
for work that would be
presented呈现 on a screen屏幕,
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制作即将搬上荧幕的节目,
00:40
and I had this great need
to get my hands back on the work again.
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我也亟需重新开始工作。
00:46
Now, before "The Simpsons辛普森,"
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在“辛普森一家”,
00:48
before "Gumby甘比,"
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“Gumby”(美国知名黏土动画)
00:49
before "Betty贝蒂 Boop布普,"
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和“贝蒂小姐”之前,
00:51
before there was such这样 a thing
as cinema电影 and television电视,
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那时还没有影院和电视,
00:54
animation动画 was hugely巨大 popular流行 in this form形成.
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这一类型的动画备受欢迎。
00:57
This is a zoetrope西洋镜.
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这是一个西洋镜。
00:59
And you spin this drum,
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当你转动它时,
01:01
and you look through通过 the slits狭缝
into the inside of the drum,
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透过狭缝朝里看,
01:04
and you see the animation动画 pop流行的 to life.
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你会发现事物都动了起来。
01:06
This is animation动画 in physical物理 form形成,
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这是一种实体动画,
01:09
and it's animation动画 I could
get my hands on again.
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是我要继续制作的动画。
在“富布莱特计划”(注:由美国政府
资助的国际教育交流计划)
01:13
I took these ideas思路 to Denmark丹麦.
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01:15
I went there with my family家庭
on a Fulbright富布赖特 Fellowship奖学金.
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的资助下,我带着这一想法,
和我的家人一起来到了丹麦。
01:19
That's my daughter女儿, Mia米娅.
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那是我的女儿,Mia。
01:22
I rode骑着车 around the city on my bicycle自行车
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我骑自行车转遍了整个城市,
01:25
and shot射击 all the interesting有趣
moving移动 elements分子 of Copenhagen哥本哈根:
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并在哥本哈根
拍摄了很多有趣的素材:
01:31
the boaters划船 in the canals运河,
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运河上的游船者,
01:34
the colors颜色 that explode爆炸 in spring弹簧,
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春日绽放的缤纷色彩,
01:36
the free-use免费使用 city bikes自行车,
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免费的城市脚踏车,
01:38
love,
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爱,
01:40
textures纹理,
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地砖纹理,
01:42
the healthy健康 cuisine烹饪 --
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健康的菜肴——
01:43
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:46
And I brought all that video视频
back into the physical物理 world世界
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并把它们印在长条的喷墨影印纸上,
01:49
by printing印花 it out on these long
strips带子 of ink-jet喷墨 paper
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再依形状剪下来,
我把这些录像都做成了实物。
01:52
and cutting切割 out the forms形式.
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01:54
Now, I invented发明 my own拥有
form形成 of the zoetrope西洋镜,
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我也创造了自己的西洋镜,
01:58
which哪一个 removes移除了 the drum
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移除了转筒,
02:01
and replaces取代 the slits狭缝
with a video视频 camera相机.
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并在狭缝处放上摄像机。
02:08
And this was very exciting扣人心弦 for me,
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这让我非常激动,
02:10
because it meant意味着 that I could
make these physical物理 objects对象,
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因为这意味着我可以把它实物化,
02:14
and I could make films影片 from those objects对象.
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并利用它们来制作电影。
02:18
That's me riding骑术 on my bicycle自行车.
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这是我在骑自行车。
02:20
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
02:27
I made制作 about 25 paper sculptures雕塑,
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我做了约25个纸雕,
02:31
each the size尺寸 of a bicycle自行车 wheel.
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每一个大约有自行车轮那么大。
02:34
I brought them into the studio工作室,
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我将它们带到工作室,
02:36
spun them
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转动它们,
02:37
and shot射击 them to make the film电影
"Copenhagen哥本哈根 Cycles周期."
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拍摄了名为“哥本哈根环游记”的电影。
(音乐)
02:41
(Music音乐)
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02:50
This project项目 not only allowed允许 me
to get my hands back on the work again
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这个设计不仅让我重新开始工作,
02:53
but it helped帮助 me get my life back.
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也让我的人生重回正轨。
02:56
Instead代替 of spending开支 12, 15 hours小时 a day
with my face面对 plastered抹灰 to a screen屏幕,
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我不再每天花费12到15个小时
呆滞地坐在电脑前,
03:01
I was having these little adventures冒险
with our new family家庭
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我和我的家人开始了小冒险,
03:05
and shooting射击 video视频 along沿 the way,
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并沿路拍摄了这些影片,
03:08
and it was kind of a symbiosis合作关系
of art艺术 and life.
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艺术和生活开始相互交融。
03:11
And I think that it's no mistake错误
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难怪西洋镜又被译为
03:13
that zoetrope西洋镜 translates转换
into "wheel of life."
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“生命之轮”。
03:17
(Music音乐)
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(音乐)
03:23
But film电影 and video视频 does flatten弄平 sculpture雕塑,
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但电影和录像会使得雕像平面化,
03:25
so I tried试着 to imagine想像
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所以我试着寻找一种方法,
03:27
a way that animated动画 sculpture雕塑
could be experienced有经验的 as such这样,
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使得动画雕塑可被确切地感知,
同时使其成为一个非常
引人入胜的有生命的雕塑。
03:31
and also a completely全然 immersive身临其境
kind of animated动画 sculpture雕塑.
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03:35
And that's where I came来了 up with the idea理念
for the zoetrope西洋镜 tunnel隧道.
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于是我想出了这样的点子,
西洋镜隧道。
03:39
You walk步行 through通过 with a handheld手持 strobe频闪,
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当你手持闪光灯走进隧道,
03:41
and wherever哪里 you point the flashlight手电筒,
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无论你将光打向何处,
03:44
the animation动画 pops持久性有机污染物 to life.
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动画都将变得栩栩如生。
03:46
I plan计划 to finish this project项目
in the next下一个 30 to 40 years年份.
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我计划在接下来的三、四十年
完成这一项目。
03:49
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:52
But I did build建立 a half-scale半量程 prototype原型.
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实际上我做了一个
只有一半大小的模型,
03:56
It's covered覆盖 in Velcro尼龙搭扣,
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它由尼龙搭扣包覆,
03:58
and I could lay铺设 inside on this bridge
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我可以躺在里面
04:01
and stick animated动画 sequences序列 to the walls墙壁
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将动画一帧一帧依次黏在墙上,
04:05
and test测试 stuff东东 out.
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以进行测试。
04:07
People would comment评论
that it reminded提醒 them of an MRIMRI.
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人们说这让他们想到了
MRI(核磁共振成像)。
04:13
And that medical connection连接 spoke to me,
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这种和医学的联系让我想到,
04:16
because at the age年龄 of 14,
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在我14岁那年,
04:17
I was diagnosed确诊 with
a degenerative退行性 retinal视网膜 condition条件
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我被诊断出视网膜退化,
这种病会让我渐渐失明,
04:20
that's slowly慢慢地 taking服用 my vision视力 away,
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04:23
and I'd never responded回应
to that in my work.
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我从未在作品中体现出来。
04:26
So I responded回应 to it
in this piece called, "Implant植入."
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我将这件作品命名为“移植”。
04:31
It is an imaginary假想,
super-magnified超级放大 medical device设备
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可以将其假想为绕有视神经的
04:34
that fits适合 around the optic视神经 nerve神经.
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放大的医疗设备。
04:38
And the public上市 is, in a sense,
miniaturized小型化 to experience经验 it.
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在某种意义上,
人们就像是被缩小后来体验它。
04:48
With a handheld手持 strobe频闪,
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手持闪光灯,
04:49
they can explore探索 the sculpture雕塑,
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他们得以观察这一雕塑,
04:53
and discover发现 thousands数千
of cell-sized细胞大小 robots机器人
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你会看见数以千计的
细胞大小的机器人,
04:58
hard at work, leaping跳跃
in and out of the optic视神经 nerve神经,
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它们忙着工作,
在视神经上跳进跳出,
05:01
being存在 deployed部署 to the retina视网膜
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它们被部署在视网膜上
05:02
to repair修理 it.
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辅助视网膜的修复。
05:04
It's my science科学 fiction小说 fantasy幻想 cure治愈
of my own拥有 incurable不可救药 disorder紊乱.
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这能够治疗我那病入膏肓的
科幻小说般的幻想。
05:08
(Machine buzzes嗡嗡声)
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(机器嗡嗡声)
05:11
Now, in the real-world真实世界 gene基因 therapy治疗
and gene基因 therapy治疗 research研究,
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现今,在真实的基因疗法及其研究中,
05:15
healthy健康 genes基因 are being存在 administered管理
to unhealthy不良 cells细胞 using运用 viruses病毒.
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利用病毒,健康的基因
被引入不健康的细胞中。
05:21
There's a lot of colorful华美,
fluffy蓬松 hope希望 in this,
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这是丰富多彩,不切实际的希望,
05:25
and there's also some creepy爬行,
threatening危险的 idea理念
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也是一种令人毛骨悚然的想法,
譬如在你体内,
病毒成为了入侵物种。
05:28
of viruses病毒 maybe becoming变得
an invasive侵入的 species种类 in your body身体.
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05:36
Vision视力 loss失利 has helped帮助
to take me away from the things
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视力衰退让我不再关注这些
切断我与世界联结的事物。
05:40
that disconnect断开 me from the world世界.
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05:43
Instead代替 of being存在 sealed密封 off
in an automobile汽车,
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我不再坐在封闭的汽车中,
05:45
I ride my bike自行车,
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而是开始骑行,
05:47
take buses公共汽车 and trains火车
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搭乘公交和火车,
05:48
and walk步行 a lot.
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也常常徒步。
05:50
And instead代替 of a visually视觉 intensive集约
process处理 in the studio工作室, primarily主要,
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我不再把自己关在工作室里
重复视觉密集型工作,
而是常常外出
05:55
I'm also getting得到 outdoors在户外 a lot more
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05:58
and using运用 more of my senses感官.
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用我的感官感受世界。
06:01
This landscape景观 is a couple一对 hours小时 east
of San Diego迭戈, California加州.
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这是离加州圣地亚哥东岸
几小时车程的一处景点。
我的哥哥住在那儿。
06:05
My brother哥哥 lives生活 out that way.
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06:08
He and I went camping露营 there for four days.
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我们在那儿露营了四天。
06:12
And I grabbed抓起 my camera相机,
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我带着我的相机
06:14
and I walked through通过 the canyons峡谷.
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走在峡谷之中,
06:16
And I tried试着 to imagine想像 and figure数字 out
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我试着去想象和思考
06:19
what kind of motion运动 would be present当下
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什么样的动态影像能打破这片寂静,
06:22
in this place地点 that was so still
and so devoid没有 of motion运动.
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这远离尘嚣的寂静。
我想这是我所去过
的最为寂静的地方。
06:27
I think it's the stillest他平静
place地点 I've ever been.
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06:30
And I realized实现 that it was the movement运动
of my own拥有 body身体 through通过 the landscape景观
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我意识到正是穿梭
在景色之中的我
06:35
that was creating创建 the animation动画.
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生成了动态影像,
06:37
It was the motion运动 of changing改变 perspective透视.
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这是视角变化的动态。
06:40
So I created创建 this piece called "Mud Caves洞穴"
from those photographs照片.
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所以我用这些照片制作了
名为“泥洞”的作品。
06:44
It's a multilayered多层 print打印 piece,
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它是一件多层印刷品,
06:46
and you can think of it as
a zoetrope西洋镜 laid铺设 flat平面.
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你可将其想象为一个摊平的西洋镜。
06:50
It's kind of my western西
landscape景观 panorama全景.
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算是我的西部景观全景。
06:54
And next下一个 to the print打印 piece
there's a video视频 monitor监控
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印刷品旁是一个显示器,
06:57
that shows节目 the animation动画
hidden within the artwork艺术品.
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呈现了隐藏在这件艺术品中的动画。
07:01
I think one of the best最好 parts部分
about this project项目 for me
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于我而言,
这件作品最棒的地方在于,
07:04
was that I got to hang out
with my brother哥哥 a lot,
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我可以多次和我哥哥一同出去闲逛,
07:06
who lives生活 2,500 miles英里 away from me.
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虽然我们相隔2500英里。
07:09
And we would just sit
in this seemingly似乎 eternal永恒 landscape景观
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我们坐在这看似永恒的景色中,
这被水蚀刻数百万年的景色中,
07:14
sculpted雕刻 by water over millions百万 of years年份
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促膝长谈。
07:17
and talk.
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07:18
We'd星期三 talk about our kids孩子 growing生长 up
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聊我们孩子的成长,
07:21
and the slowing减缓 pace步伐 of our parents父母,
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父母的蹒跚步履,
07:23
and our dad who's谁是 suffering痛苦 from leukemia白血病,
memory记忆 loss失利 and infection感染.
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我们的父亲饱受白血病、
记忆力减退和感染之苦。
07:29
And it struck来袭 me that, as individuals个人,
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我突然想到,
对每一个人而言,
生命是有限的,
07:32
we're finite有限,
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07:34
but as a family家庭,
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但对一个家庭而言,
07:35
we are an ongoing不断的 cycle周期 --
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我们是一个持续的循环——
07:37
a kind of wheel of life.
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是一种生命之轮。
07:40
Now, I want to leave离开 you with a tribute
to one of my mentors导师.
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现在,我想向我的一位导师致敬,
07:45
She reminds提醒 me that physical物理
presence存在 is important重要
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她让我知道实体呈现的重要性,
也教会了我玩乐并不是奢侈品,
07:51
and that play is not a luxury豪华,
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而是必需品。
07:54
but a necessity必要性.
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08:02
She's Pixie小 精灵,
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她叫Pixie,
08:04
and she's our family家庭 dog.
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是我家的宠物狗。
08:10
And she loves to jump.
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她最喜欢跳来跳去。
08:12
(Dog barking叫声)
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(犬吠)
08:14
(Dog barking叫声 and spring弹簧 boingingboinging)
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(犬吠及弹簧震动声)
08:20
And this is a new kind of zoetrope西洋镜
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这是我在马里兰大学
巴尔的摩分校的
成像研究中心发明的
08:23
that I developed发达
at the Imaging成像 Research研究 Center中央
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一种新的西洋镜。
08:25
at UMBCUMBC in Baltimore巴尔的摩.
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08:29
And I call it a "real-time即时的 zoetrope西洋镜."
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我称之为“实时西洋镜”。
08:31
(Dog barking叫声)
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(犬吠)
08:33
(Dog barking叫声 and spring弹簧 boingingboinging)
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(犬吠及弹簧震动声)
08:37
Thank you.
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谢谢你们。
(掌声)
08:38
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by Danyang Luo
Reviewed by Fang Kevin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eric Dyer - Artist, educator
Eric Dyer is an artist and educator who brings animation into the physical world with his sequential images, sculptures and installations.

Why you should listen

Eric Dyer spent years working at a computer to produce images for the screen. Longing to "get my hands back on the work," he returned to a tactile creative process. He began exploring the zoetrope, an early form of animation. The device, popular in the 19th century, consists of a slitted drum whose interior is lined with a sequence of images. When the object is spun, the viewer peers through the apertures in the drum and the forms appear to move. By replacing the drum with a fast-shutter digital video camera, Dyer invented the process of making films from spinning sculptures. He continues to innovate with new tools and applications, moving his work off the screen and into real spaces.

Dyer work has been widely exhibited at events and venues such as the Smithsonian National Gallery of Art, Ars Electronica, international animation festivals in numerous countries, the screens of Times Square, and the Cairo and Venice Biennales. He has been honored as a Fulbright Fellow, Sundance New Frontier Artist, Creative Capital Artist and Guggenheim Fellow. Dyer's fervent exploration of expression through motion has placed his work in books such as Re-imagining Animation: the Changing Face of the Moving Image, Pervasive Animation, Animation: A World History and A New History of Animation. He has been a visiting artist at institutions such as Carnegie Mellon University, ECNU in Shanghai, and CalArts. Dyer teaches visual arts and animation at UMBC in Baltimore, MD and is represented by Ronald Feldman Fine Arts, New York.

More profile about the speaker
Eric Dyer | Speaker | TED.com