ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Picciolini - Counter-extremism specialist
Christian Picciolini is dedicated to helping others counter racism and extremism.

Why you should listen

After leaving the white supremacist skinhead movement he helped build in America during the 1980s and 90s, Christian Picciolini earned a degree in international relations from DePaul University. He launched Goldmill Group, a global media and counter-extremism consulting firm. In 2016, he won an Emmy Award for his role in producing an anti-hate advertising campaign aimed at helping people disengage from violent extremist groups. His life since leaving the white-supremacist movement over two decades ago has been dedicated to helping others counter racism and extremism by founding such organizations as ExitUSA and Life After Hate.

Picciolini has spoken all over the world, sharing his unique and extensive knowledge, teaching all who are willing to learn about building greater peace through empathy and compassion. His involvement in the early American skinhead movement is chronicled in his memoir WHITE AMERICAN YOUTH: My Descent into America’s Most Violent Hate Movement—and How I Got Out (Hachette). He is co-developing a television docu-series based on his work helping people disengage from violent ideologies.

More profile about the speaker
Christian Picciolini | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxMileHigh

Christian Picciolini: My descent into America's neo-Nazi movement -- and how I got out

克里斯汀 · 皮喬里尼: 我如何陷入美國的新納粹運動,以及我如何脫離

Filmed:
4,136,078 views

14 歲時,克里斯汀 · 皮喬里尼從天真的青少年變成了白人至上主義者。很快,他成為了美國第一個新納粹光頭黨幫派的領導人。他是怎麼被極端化的?最終是如何脫離這個運動的?在這場充滿勇氣的演說中,對於各種仇恨,皮喬里尼分享了很讓人驚訝且和直覺相反的解決方案。
- Counter-extremism specialist
Christian Picciolini is dedicated to helping others counter racism and extremism. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
My journey旅程 away from violent暴力 extremism極端主義
began開始 22 years年份 ago,
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我遠離暴力極端主義的旅程,
從 22 年前開始,
00:18
when I denounced譴責 racism種族主義
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當時我公然譴責種族主義,
00:20
and left the American美國 white白色
supremacist至上主義 skinhead光頭 movement運動
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並脫離了我過去協助建立的
美國白人至上光頭運動。
00:22
that I had helped幫助 build建立.
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00:24
(Cheers乾杯 and applause掌聲)
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(歡呼與掌聲)
00:30
I was just 22 years年份 old at the time,
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那時我才 22 歲,
00:33
but I had already已經 spent花費 eight years年份,
from the time I was 14 years年份 old,
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但我已經花了 8 年時間,
也就是從 14 歲開始,
00:37
as one of the earliest最早
and youngest最年輕的 members會員
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成為最早也最年輕就加入
00:39
and an eventual最終 leader領導 within
America's美國 most violent暴力 hate討厭 movement運動.
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美國最暴力的仇恨運動的成員,
最終還成了領導人。
00:44
But I wasn't born天生 into hate討厭;
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但我並非出生時就帶著仇恨的;
00:47
in fact事實, it was quite相當 the opposite對面.
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事實還完全相反。
00:52
I had a relatively相對 normal正常 childhood童年.
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我的童年很正常。
00:55
My parents父母 are Italian意大利 immigrants移民
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我父母是義大利移民者,
00:57
who came來了 to the United聯合的 States狀態
in the mid-中-1960s
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他們在 60 年代中期來到美國,
01:00
and settled安定 on the South Side of Chicago芝加哥,
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在芝加哥的南區安頓下來,
01:03
where they eventually終於 met會見,
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他們在那裡相識,
01:05
and opened打開 a small beauty美女 shop.
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開了一間小型美容院。
01:08
Right after I was born天生,
things got a little bit more difficult.
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我出生之後,
生活就比較困苦些了。
01:11
They struggled掙扎 to survive生存 with raising提高
a young年輕 family家庭 and a new business商業,
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他們努力求生存,要養育小孩,
還要張羅新事業,
01:16
often經常 working加工 seven days a week,
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常常每週要工作 7 天,
01:19
14 hours小時 a day,
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每天工作 14 小時,
01:21
taking服用 on second第二 and third第三 jobs工作
just to earn a meager微薄 living活的.
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還要兼第 2 份、第 3 份工作
來賺一點微薄的生活費。
01:25
And quality質量 time with my parents父母
was pretty漂亮 nonexistent不存在的.
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和我父母相處的高品質時間,
幾乎是不存在的。
01:29
Even though雖然 I knew知道
they loved喜愛 me very much,
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雖然我知道他們很愛我,
01:32
growing生長 up, I felt abandoned.
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成長過程我還是覺得被拋棄了。
01:35
I was lonely孤獨, and I started開始 to withdraw收回,
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我很寂寞,我開始退縮,
01:39
and then I started開始 to resent憤恨 my parents父母
and become成為 very angry憤怒.
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接著我開始怨恨我的父母,
我變得非常憤怒。
01:44
And as I was growing生長 up,
through通過 my teenage青少年 years年份,
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在我十幾歲的成長過程中,
01:47
I started開始 to act法案 out to try and get
attention注意 from my parents父母.
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我開始會付諸行動,
試著得到我父母的注意力。
01:53
And one day, when I was 14,
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我 14 歲時,有一天,
01:55
I was standing常設 in an alley胡同,
and I was smoking抽煙 a joint聯合,
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我站在一條巷子裡吸大麻,
01:59
and a man who was twice兩次 my age年齡,
with a shaved剃光 head and tall black黑色 boots靴子,
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一名光頭男子,年紀有我兩倍,
穿著黑色長靴,
02:05
came來了 up to me,
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走向我,
02:07
and he snatched搶走 the joint聯合 from my lips嘴唇.
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他把大麻煙從我的唇間奪走。
02:10
Then he put his hand on my shoulder
and he looked看著 me in the eyes眼睛,
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他把手放在我肩上,盯著我的雙眼,
02:14
and he said,
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他說:
02:16
"That's what the communists共產主義者
and the Jews猶太人 want you to do
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「那正是共產黨員
和猶太人希望你做的,
02:19
to keep you docile溫順."
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讓你變得易馴服。」
02:23
I was 14 years年份 old,
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我才 14 歲,
02:24
I'd been trading貿易 baseball棒球 cards
and watching觀看 "Happy快樂 Days" --
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我平常會交換棒球卡
和觀賞《歡樂時光》——
02:27
I didn't really know what a Jew was.
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我搞不懂猶太人是什麼。
02:29
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
02:31
It's true真正.
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是真的。
02:32
And the only communist共產 that I knew知道
was the bad Russian俄語 guy
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我只知道一個共產黨員,
是個俄國壞蛋,
是我最愛的電影
《洛基》裡的角色。
02:36
in my favorite喜愛 Rocky洛基 movie電影.
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02:38
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
02:40
And since以來 I'm here
baring霸菱 my soul靈魂 with you,
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既然我來這裡向各位坦誠我的事,
02:43
I can reveal揭示 that I did not even know
what the word "docile溫順" meant意味著.
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我可以坦白說,我當時還不知道
「易馴服」是什麼意思。
02:47
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
02:48
Dead serious嚴重.
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我是非常認真的。
02:50
But it was as if this man in this alley胡同
had offered提供 me a lifeline生命線.
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但,就彷彿巷子裡的這個男人
提供了我一條生命線。
02:55
For 14 years年份, I'd felt
marginalized邊緣化 and bullied欺負.
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14 年來,我一直覺得
被邊緣化、被霸凌。
03:00
I had low self-esteem自尊.
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我的自尊感很低。
03:02
And frankly坦率地說, I didn't know
who I was, where I belonged屬於,
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老實說,我當時不知道
我是誰、我屬於哪裡,
03:06
or what my purpose目的 was.
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或我的人生目的為何。
03:08
I was lost丟失.
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我迷失了。
03:10
And overnight過夜, because this man
had pulled me in,
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一夜間,因為
這名男子把我拉進去,
03:14
and I had grabbed抓起 onto that lifeline生命線
with every一切 fiber纖維 of my being存在.
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我盡全力抓住了那條生命線。
03:19
I had gone走了 from "Joanie瓊妮 Loves Chachi恰棋"
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我從《喬安娜愛恰奇》(節目)
03:24
to full-blown全面爆發 Nazi納粹.
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變成了全面的納粹。
03:26
Overnight過夜.
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一夜間。
03:29
I started開始 to listen to the rhetoric修辭
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我開始聽他們的言論,
03:32
and believe it.
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並相信它。
03:34
I started開始 to watch very closely密切
as the leaders領導者 of this organization組織
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我開始近距離觀看
這個組織的領導人,
03:38
would target目標 vulnerable弱勢 young年輕 people
who felt marginalized邊緣化
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看他們針對覺得
被邊緣化的脆弱年輕人,
03:44
and then draw them in
with promises許諾 of paradise天堂
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用被破碎的天堂承諾
03:48
that were broken破碎.
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吸引他們。
03:51
And then I started開始 to recruit myself.
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接著,我自己也開始招募新人。
03:55
I started開始 to do that by making製造
white-power白功率 music音樂.
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我的做法是去做白人力量的音樂。
04:00
And soon不久, I became成為 the leader領導
of that infamous臭名昭著 organization組織
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很快的,我就成了
那聲名狼籍的組織的領導人。
04:05
that was led by that man in that alley胡同
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原本領導該組織的人,
04:08
who recruited應徵 me that day,
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就是那天在巷子裡招募我的人,
04:10
who was America's美國 first neo-Nazi新納粹 skinhead光頭
and who had radicalized激進 me.
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他是美國第一個新納粹光頭黨員,
也是他讓我變偏激的。
04:15
For the next下一個 eight years年份,
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接下來的 8 年,
04:17
I believed相信 the lies that I had been fed美聯儲.
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我相信那些餵給我的謊言。
04:21
And though雖然 I saw
no evidence證據 of it whatsoever任何,
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雖然我都沒看到什麼證據,
04:24
I didn't hesitate遲疑 to blame
every一切 Jewish猶太 person in the world世界
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我也毫不猶豫地責怪
世界上的每一個猶太人,
04:28
for what I thought was a white白色,
European歐洲的 genocide種族滅絕
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我以為有場歐洲白人大屠殺
04:33
being存在 promoted提拔 by them
through通過 a multiculturalistmulticulturalist agenda議程.
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是他們透過多文化議程來推動的。
04:38
I blamed指責 people of color顏色
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我怪罪有色人種,
04:40
for the crime犯罪 and violence暴力
and the drugs毒品 in the city,
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認為城市中的犯罪、
暴力、毒品是他們造成的,
04:45
completely全然 neglecting何罪? the fact事實
that I was committing提交 acts行為 of violence暴力
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我完全忽視了我自己
也在做出暴力行為,
04:49
on a daily日常 basis基礎,
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且每天都做。
04:51
and that in many許多 cases,
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我也忽視許多案例中,
04:53
it was white白色 supremacists至上主義
who were funneling漏斗 drugs毒品
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是白人至上主義者
讓毒品流入內都市。
04:56
into the inner cities城市.
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04:58
And I blamed指責 immigrants移民
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我還怪罪移民者,
05:01
for taking服用 jobs工作 from white白色 Americans美國人,
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他們搶走了白種美國人的工作,
05:04
completely全然 neglecting何罪? the fact事實 that
my parents父母 were hardworking用功 immigrants移民
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我完全忽視了我父母
就是辛勤工作的移民者,
05:09
who struggled掙扎 to survive生存,
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他們努力求生存,
05:13
despite儘管 not getting得到 help
from anybody任何人 else其他.
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儘管沒有得到任何人的協助。
05:17
For the next下一個 eight years年份,
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接下來的 8 年,
05:20
I saw friends朋友 die,
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我看見朋友死亡,
05:23
I saw others其他 go to prison監獄
and inflict造成 untold數不清 pain疼痛
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我看見其他人入獄,
他們把無法形容的痛苦
05:27
on countless無數 victims受害者
and their families'家庭' lives生活.
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帶入無數的受害者
及其家人的人生中。
05:31
I heard聽說 horrific可怕的 stories故事
from young年輕 women婦女 in the movement運動,
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在運動中,我聽到年輕女性
訴說很恐怖的故事,
05:35
who'd誰願意 been brutally粗暴地 raped強姦 by the very men男人
they were conditioned條件 to trust相信,
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她們被殘忍地強暴,
而兇手是自己被訓練去信任的男人,
05:41
and I myself committed提交 acts行為
of violence暴力 against反對 people,
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我自己也對人做出暴力行為,
05:45
solely獨自 for the color顏色 of their skin皮膚,
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只因為他們的膚色、
05:47
who they loved喜愛,
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因為他們愛的人,
05:49
or the god that they prayed祈禱 to.
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或因為他們向哪個神禱告。
05:53
I stockpiled儲備 weapons武器 for what I thought
was an upcoming即將到來 race種族 war戰爭.
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我儲備武器,因為我
以為有種族戰爭要到來。
05:57
I went to six high schools學校;
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我換過 6 間高中;
05:59
I was kicked out of four of them,
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其中 4 間把我開除,
06:00
one of them, twice兩次.
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有一間還開除我 2 次。
06:03
And 25 years年份 ago, I wrote
and performed執行 racist種族主義者 music音樂
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25 年前,我會寫
也會唱種族主義音樂,
06:10
that found發現 its way
to the internet互聯網 decades幾十年 later後來
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數十年後,這音樂在網路上流傳,
06:12
and partially部分 inspired啟發
a young年輕 white白色 nationalist民族主義者
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部分鼓舞了一位年輕的
白人國家主義者
06:16
to walk步行 into a sacred神聖 Charleston查爾斯頓,
South Carolina卡羅來納州, church教會
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走進南卡羅萊納州
查爾斯頓的一間神聖教堂,
06:20
and senselessly無謂 massacre屠殺
nine innocent無辜 people.
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毫無感覺地屠殺了 9 個無辜的人。
06:28
But then my life changed.
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但,接著,我的人生改變了。
06:31
At 19 years年份 old, I met會見 a girl女孩
who was not in the movement運動,
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19 歲時,我遇見了一個女孩,
她不在這運動中,
06:35
who didn't have a racist種族主義者 bone in her body身體,
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她體內沒有一點點種族主義成份,
06:39
and I fell下跌 in love with her.
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我愛上了她。
06:42
And at 19, we got married已婚,
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19 歲時,我們結婚了,
06:44
and we had our first son兒子.
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我們有了第一個兒子。
06:48
And when I held保持 my son兒子 in my arms武器
in the delivery交貨 room房間 that day,
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那天,當我在產房中
用雙手抱起我兒子時,
06:52
not only did I reconnect重新連接
with some of the innocence無辜 that I had lost丟失
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我不只是重新連結上了
一些我在 14 歲時
06:57
at 14 years年份 old,
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失去的純真,
06:59
but it also began開始 to challenge挑戰
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一開始吸引我加入
這運動的重要因素,
07:01
the very important重要 things that drew德魯
me to the movement運動 to begin開始 with:
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也開始被我質疑,包括:
07:05
identity身分, community社區 and purpose目的 --
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身分、社群,和目的——
07:08
things that I had been
struggling奮鬥的 with as a young年輕 boy男孩.
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這些都是我小時候掙扎著想得到的。
07:11
And now, I struggled掙扎 with the concept概念
of who I was again.
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現在,我再一次為了
「我是誰」的概念而掙扎。
07:17
Was I this neo-Nazi新納粹 hatemongerhatemonger,
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我是這個新納粹的煽動仇恨者?
07:22
or was I a caring愛心 father父親 and husband丈夫?
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或者我是個有愛的父親和丈夫?
07:26
Was my community社區 the one
that I had manufactured製成的 around me
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我的社會,是我身邊
這個被我捏造出來、
07:30
to boost促進 my own擁有 ego自我,
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用來促進自尊、
07:32
because I felt self-hatred自我憎恨 for myself
and I wanted to project項目 it onto others其他,
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因為我其實有著自我憎恨,
且想要投射到他人身上的社會?
07:38
or was it the one
that I had physically物理 given特定 life to?
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還是我得著生命的那個社會?
07:43
Was my purpose目的 to scorch燒焦 the earth地球
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我的目的是要把地球燒到焦黑?
07:48
or was it to make it
a better place地點 for my family家庭?
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或是要為了我的家庭
而讓世界成為更好的地方?
07:52
And suddenly突然, like a ton of bricks磚塊 hit擊中 me,
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突然間,就像有一噸的
磚塊砸在我身上一樣,
07:57
I became成為 very confused困惑 with
who I'd been for the last eight years年份.
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我變得非常困惑,
不知道過去 8 年的我是誰。
08:04
And if only I'd been brave勇敢 enough足夠
to walk步行 away at that moment時刻,
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真希望我當時夠勇敢,能一走了之,
08:07
to understand理解 what the struggle鬥爭 was
that was happening事件 inside of me,
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去了解在我內在
所發生的掙扎是什麼,
08:13
then maybe tragedy悲劇
could have been averted避免.
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那麼也許悲劇可以被避免。
08:17
Instead代替, I did compromise妥協.
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但我卻選擇了妥協。
08:19
I took myself off the streets街道
for the benefit效益 of my family家庭,
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我為了家庭好,讓自己脫離了街頭,
08:23
because I was nervous緊張 that maybe
I could go to jail監獄 or end結束 up dead,
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因為我很緊張,
怕我也許會去坐牢或是送命,
08:27
and they would have to fend擋開
for themselves他們自己.
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我的家人就得供養自己的生活。
08:30
So I stepped加強 back as a leader領導,
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身為領導者,我退了一步,
08:31
and instead代替 I opened打開 a record記錄 store商店
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我開了一間唱片行,
08:35
that I was going to sell
white-power白功率 music音樂 in, of course課程,
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當然,要販售的是白人力量音樂,
08:39
because I was importing輸入 it in from Europe歐洲.
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我是從歐洲進口這些音樂的。
08:42
But I knew知道 that if I was just
a racist種族主義者 store商店 selling銷售 racist種族主義者 music音樂
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但我知道,如果這只是間販售
種族主義音樂的種族主義商店,
08:46
the community社區 would not
allow允許 me to be there.
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社區不會容許我把店開在那裡。
08:49
So I decided決定 I was going to also
stock股票 the shelves貨架 with other music音樂,
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所以我決定我也要在架上
放些其他類型的音樂,
08:54
like punk朋克 rock and heavy metal金屬
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比如龐克搖滾樂和重金屬,
08:56
and hip-hop嘻哈.
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還有嘻哈音樂。
08:58
And while the white-power白功率 music音樂
that I was selling銷售
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雖然我販售的白人力量音樂
09:01
was 75 percent百分 of my gross revenue收入,
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佔了我總收入的 75%,
09:03
because people were driving主動 in
from all over the country國家 to buy購買 it
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因為全國各地的人會
特別開車來買這類音樂,
09:07
from the only store商店 that was selling銷售 it,
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這是唯一在販售這類音樂的店,
09:10
I also had customers顧客 come in
to buy購買 the other music音樂.
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但我也有客人進來買其他音樂。
09:15
And eventually終於, they started開始
to talk to me.
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後來,他們開始和我交談。
09:19
One day, a young年輕 black黑色 teen青少年 came來了 in,
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有一天,有一位年輕的
黑人青少年進來,
09:23
and he was visibly明顯地 upset煩亂.
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他看起來就很沮喪。
09:27
And I decided決定 to ask him what was wrong錯誤.
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我決定問他發生了什麼事。
09:30
And he told me that his mother母親
had been diagnosed確診 with breast乳房 cancer癌症.
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他告訴我,他的母親被診斷出乳癌。
09:35
And suddenly突然, this young年輕 black黑色 teenager青少年,
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我以前從未和這位年輕的黑人青少年
09:38
who I'd never had a meaningful富有意義的
conversation會話 or interaction相互作用 with,
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進行過任何有意義的
交談或互動,突然間,
09:43
I was able能夠 to connect with,
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我就能和他產生連結,
09:45
because my own擁有 mother母親
had been diagnosed確診 with breast乳房 cancer癌症,
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因為我自己的母親也被診斷出乳癌,
09:49
and I could feel his pain疼痛.
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我能感受他的痛苦。
09:52
On another另一個 occasion場合, a gay同性戀者 couple一對
came來了 in with their son兒子,
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另外還有一次,有一對同性戀
帶著他們的兒子進來,
09:56
and it was undeniable不可否認 to me
that they loved喜愛 their son兒子
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在我看來,他們很愛
他們的兒子,無可否認,
10:01
in the same相同 profound深刻 ways方法
that I loved喜愛 mine.
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就和我深刻地愛著
我兒子的方式是一樣的。
10:06
And suddenly突然, I couldn't不能 rationalize理順
or justify辯解 the prejudice偏見
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突然間,我無法再將
我腦袋中的偏見給合理化
10:11
that I had in my head.
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或正當化了。
10:13
I decided決定 to pull the white-power白功率
music音樂 from the inventory庫存
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我決定把白人力量音樂
從我的商品中拿掉,
10:16
when I became成為 too embarrassed尷尬
to sell it in front面前 of my new friends朋友.
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因為我覺得在這些新朋友面前
賣這類音樂太尷尬了。
10:20
And of course課程, the store商店
couldn't不能 sustain支持 itself本身,
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當然,店無法經營下去,
10:23
so I had to close it.
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我得把店關了。
10:25
At that same相同 time, I lost丟失
nearly幾乎 everything in my life.
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同時,我幾乎失去了
我人生中的一切。
10:30
I used it as an opportunity機會 to walk步行 away
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我把它當作一個離開的機會,
10:33
from the movement運動 that
I'd been a part部分 of for eight years年份,
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脫離我參與了 8 年的運動,
10:35
the only identity身分, community社區 and purpose目的
that I'd really known已知 for most of my life.
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脫離我大半人生中唯一知道的
身分、社區,和目的。
10:40
So I had nobody沒有人.
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我無依無靠。
10:43
I lost丟失 my livelihood生計
because I closed關閉 the store商店.
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2596
我失去了生計,因為我把店關了。
10:46
I didn't have a great relationship關係
with my parents父母, even though雖然 they tried試著.
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我和父母並沒有很好的關係,
雖然他們努力試過。
10:50
And my wife妻子 and children孩子 left me,
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1997
我太太和孩子離開了我,
10:52
because I hadn't有沒有 left the movement運動
and disengaged脫開 quickly很快 enough足夠.
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3665
因為我沒有及早離開運動。
10:58
And suddenly突然,
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646040
1184
突然間,
11:01
I didn't know who I was again,
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1931
再一次,我不知道我是誰、
11:03
or where I fit適合 in
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我適合哪裡,
11:05
or what my purpose目的 was supposed應該 to be.
186
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2370
或是我的人生目的應該是什麼。
11:08
I was miserable inside,
187
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2317
我的內在非常悲慘,
11:10
and I often經常 woke醒來 up in the morning早上
188
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我常常早上醒來時,
11:13
wishing希望 that I hadn't有沒有.
189
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1484
我希望我沒醒來。
11:17
About five years年份 in,
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1740
大約過了 5 年,
11:19
one of the few少數 friends朋友 that I had
was concerned關心 about my well-being福利,
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3846
我少數幾位朋友之一
來關心我過得好不好,
11:23
and she came來了 to me and she said,
192
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1883
她來找我,她說:
11:25
"You need to do something,
because I don't want to see you die."
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3359
「你得做點什麼,
因為我不想看你死。」
11:29
And she suggested建議 that I go
apply應用 for a job工作 where she worked工作,
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3628
她建議我去她工作的地方
應徵一份工作,
11:33
at a company公司 called IBMIBM.
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1799
那間公司叫 IBM。
11:37
Yeah, I thought she was crazy, too.
196
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是啊,我也以為她瘋了。
11:39
(Laughter笑聲)
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687235
1685
(笑聲)
11:40
Here I was, a closeted密談 ex-Nazi前納粹
covered覆蓋 in hate討厭 tattoos紋身.
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4575
我是個隱蔽的前納粹,
全身是仇恨的刺青。
11:45
I didn't go to college學院.
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1232
我沒去唸大學。
11:46
I'd been kicked out of multiple
high schools學校 multiple times.
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4075
我被不只一間高中踢出來不只一次。
11:52
I didn't even own擁有 a computer電腦.
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我甚至沒有電腦。
11:55
But I went in,
202
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但我去了,
11:56
and somehow不知何故, miraculously奇蹟般地, I got the job工作.
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3630
不知怎麼的,很神奇的,
我得到了那份工作。
12:01
I was thrilled高興.
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1566
我非常興奮。
12:04
And then I became成為 terrified to learn學習
205
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2637
接著,我知道了
一件讓我很惶恐的事,
12:06
that they'd他們會 actually其實 be putting me
back at my old high school學校,
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他們要安排我回到我以前的高中,
12:10
the same相同 one I got kicked out of twice兩次,
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2475
我被這間高中退學 2 次,
12:13
to install安裝 their computers電腦.
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去那裡安裝電腦。
12:16
This was a high school學校
where I had committed提交 acts行為 of violence暴力
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3507
在這間高中,我做過暴力的行為,
12:20
against反對 students學生們, against反對 faculty學院;
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對學生、對教職員,
12:22
where I had protested抗議 out in front面前
of the school學校 for equal等於 rights權利 for whites白人
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4140
我曾在這間學校前面抗議,
爭取白人權利,
12:26
and even had a sit-in靜坐 in the cafeteria自助餐館
212
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3079
甚至還在自助食堂靜坐抗議,
12:29
to try and demand需求 a white白色 student學生 union聯盟.
213
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要求要有一個白人學生會。
12:34
And of course課程, as karma因果報應 would have it,
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當然,真的是命中注定,
12:37
within the first couple一對 of hours小時,
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1835
在最初的幾個小時中,
12:39
who walks散步 right by me
but Mr先生. Johnny約翰尼 Holmes霍姆斯,
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747676
3922
走過我旁邊的人偏偏
就是強尼赫姆斯先生,
12:43
the tough強硬 black黑色 security安全 guard守衛
I had gotten得到 in a fistfight拳戰 with,
217
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3386
很強悍的警衛,我和他打過一架,
12:48
that got me kicked out the second第二 time
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2040
這事造成我第 2 次被退學,
12:50
and led out in handcuffs手銬 from the school學校.
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2414
而且是帶著手銬離開學校的。
12:53
He didn't recognize認識 me,
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1615
他沒認出我,
12:56
but I saw him,
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但我看到了他,
12:58
and I didn't know what to do.
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我不知道該怎麼做,
12:59
I was frozen凍結的; I was this grown長大的 man now,
years年份 out of the movement運動,
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3643
我呆住了,我那時是個成人了,
離開運動也有好幾年,
13:03
and I was sweating出汗 and I was trembling發抖.
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2081
我滿身是汗,不停發抖。
13:06
But I decided決定 I had to do something.
225
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2154
但我決定,我得做點什麼。
13:09
And I decided決定 I needed需要 to suffer遭受
under the weight重量 of my past過去,
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3799
我決定,我得要背負起
過去的重量,承擔起這痛苦,
13:13
because for five years年份
I had tried試著 to outrun逃脫 it.
227
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2671
因為 5 年來我一直試著逃脫過去。
13:17
I'd tried試著 to make new friends朋友
and cover my tattoos紋身 with long sleeves袖子,
228
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3304
我試著交新朋友,
用長袖把刺青蓋住,
13:20
and I wouldn't不會 admit承認 it
229
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我不會承認它,
13:21
because I was afraid害怕 of being存在 judged判斷
230
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1822
因為我害怕會被別人評斷,
13:23
the same相同 way I had judged判斷 other people.
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2241
就像我評斷別人那樣。
13:26
Well, I decided決定 I was going to chase
Mr先生. Holmes霍姆斯 out to the parking停車處 lot --
232
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我決定我要去追赫姆斯先生,
追到停車場——
13:30
probably大概 not the smartest最聰明的
decision決定 that I made製作.
233
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2503
可能不是個很聰明的決定。
13:33
(Laughter笑聲)
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1271
(笑聲)
13:34
But when I found發現 him,
he was getting得到 into his car汽車,
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2514
但當我找到他時,他正要上他的車,
13:37
and I tapped竊聽 him on the shoulder.
236
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1973
我拍了他的肩膀。
13:39
And when he turned轉身 around
and he recognized認可 me,
237
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3156
當他轉身時,他認出我了,
13:42
he took a step back because he was afraid害怕.
238
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2567
出於害怕,他退後了一步。
13:46
And I didn't know what to say.
239
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1627
我不知道該說什麼。
13:50
Finally最後, the words came來了 out of my mouth,
and all I could think to say was,
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4040
終於,我開口了,
我只能想出這幾個字:
13:54
"I'm sorry."
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1161
「我很抱歉。」
13:56
And he embraced擁抱 me,
242
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1476
他擁抱了我,
13:58
and he forgave寬恕 me.
243
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1429
他原諒了我。
14:01
And he encouraged鼓勵 me to forgive原諒 myself.
244
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他也鼓勵我原諒我自己。
14:06
He recognized認可 that it wasn't the story故事
of some broken破碎 go-nowhere無處可去 kid孩子
245
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他了解到,我的故事並不是
一個破碎且一無所成的孩子,
14:12
who was going to just
join加入 a gang結夥 and go to prison監獄.
246
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3016
會去加入幫派然後去坐牢。
14:15
He knew知道 that this was the story故事
of every一切 young年輕 person who was vulnerable弱勢,
247
843227
4523
他知道,這是個脆弱
年輕人常見的故事,
14:19
who was searching搜索 for identity身分,
community社區 and purpose目的,
248
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2808
他們在尋找身分、社區,和目的。
14:22
and then hit擊中 a wall
249
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1406
卻碰壁了,
14:24
and was unable無法 to find it
250
852036
1722
無法找到,
14:25
and went down a dark黑暗 path路徑.
251
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1747
因而走上了黑暗之路。
14:29
And he made製作 me promise諾言 one thing,
252
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2093
他要我向他保證一件事,
14:31
that I would tell my story故事
to whoever would listen.
253
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3228
保證我會說出我的故事,
給任何願意聽的人。
14:34
That was 18 years年份 ago,
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1582
那是 18 年前,
14:36
and I've been doing it ever since以來.
255
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我從此就一直在這麼做。
14:38
(Applause掌聲)
256
866737
4874
(掌聲)
14:49
You might威力 be asking yourself你自己 right now:
257
877309
1968
你們現在可能正在心中問:
14:51
How does a good kid孩子 from
a hardworking用功 immigrant移民 family家庭
258
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3022
一個好孩子,來自
辛勤工作的移民家庭,
14:54
end結束 up going down such這樣 a dark黑暗 path路徑?
259
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2843
怎麼會走上這麼黑暗的路?
14:57
One word: potholes坑洼.
260
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2680
兩個字:凹坑。
15:00
That's right. Potholes坑洼.
261
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1718
沒錯。凹坑。
15:02
I had a lot of potholes坑洼 when I was kid孩子.
262
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2533
我小時候,我遇到很多凹坑。
15:05
We all had them --
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1545
我們大家都有過——
15:07
you know, the things in life that we hit擊中
264
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2870
這裡的凹坑指的是我們
在人生道路上遇到,
15:10
that invariably不變地 just kind of
nudge微調 us off our path路徑,
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把我們推離了我們的正途的東西,
15:12
and if they remain unresolved未解決
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如果它們一直沒被解決,
15:15
or untreated未處理
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沒被治療,
15:17
or not dealt處理 with,
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沒被處理,
15:19
sometimes有時 we can get dangerously危險 lost丟失
down pretty漂亮 dark黑暗 corridors走廊.
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有時,我們會危險地
迷失在黑暗的走廊。
15:24
Potholes坑洼 can be things like trauma外傷,
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凹坑有可能是創傷、
15:26
abuse濫用, unemployment失業,
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虐待、失業、
15:29
neglect忽略,
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忽視、
15:31
untreated未處理 mental心理 health健康 conditions條件,
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沒治療的心理疾病、
15:33
even privilege特權.
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甚至特權。
15:35
And if we hit擊中 enough足夠 potholes坑洼
on our journey旅程 in life,
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如果在人生旅途上壓到很多,
15:39
and we don't have the resources資源
or the help to navigate導航 around them
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且沒有資源或協助來幫我們繞過它們
15:43
or to pull us out,
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或把我們拉出來,
15:46
well, sometimes有時 good people
end結束 up doing bad things.
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有時,好人最後也會做出壞事。
15:52
One such這樣 person
who had potholes坑洼 is Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特.
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940026
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有一個人也遇到凹坑,他叫戴洛。
15:55
Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特 is from upstate北部 New York紐約.
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戴洛來自紐約的邊遠地區。
15:57
He had read my memoir傳記,
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他讀了我的回憶錄,
15:59
and he was really upset煩亂 about the ending結尾.
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他對結局非常失望。
16:02
You see, I'd gotten得到 out of the movement運動
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你知道的,我脫離了運動,
16:04
and he was still in.
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他卻還在其中。
16:05
And he emailed電子郵件 me and he said,
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他寫信給我,說:
16:09
"I didn't really like the way
that turned轉身 out."
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「我不喜歡最後的轉變。」
16:11
And I said, "Well, I'm sorry."
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我說:「喔,我很抱歉。」
16:13
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
16:15
"But if you want to talk about it,
we could certainly當然 do that."
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「但如果你想談談,
我們可以談談。」
16:18
And after a couple一對 of weeks
of going back and forth向前 with Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特,
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和戴洛來來回回幾星期之後,
16:21
I learned學到了 he was a 31-year-old-歲
military軍事 veteran老將 who had been injured受傷
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我知道他 31 歲,
是受傷而退伍的軍人,
16:26
and was really angry憤怒 about
not being存在 able能夠 to go to Afghanistan阿富汗
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對於無法回到阿富汗去殺穆斯林
16:30
to kill Muslims穆斯林.
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感到很憤怒。
16:32
And one day on the phone電話,
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有天,在電話上,
16:34
he told me that he had seen看到
a Muslim穆斯林 man in the park公園 praying祈禱,
295
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他告訴我,他看到
一名穆斯林男子在公園祈禱,
16:38
and that all he wanted to do
was kick him in the face面對.
296
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他只想做一件事,
就是一腳踢在那個人臉上。
16:43
I flew to Buffalo水牛 the next下一個 day,
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我隔天飛到水牛城,
16:45
and I satSAT down with Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特,
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我和戴洛坐下來談,
16:48
and I asked him,
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我問他:
16:50
"Have you ever met會見
a Muslim穆斯林 person before?"
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998343
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「你以前有認識過
任何一個穆斯林嗎?」
16:54
And he said, "No!
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他說:「沒有!
16:55
Why the hell地獄 would I want to do that?
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我為什麼會想要這麼做?
16:57
They're evil邪惡. I don't want
anything to do with them."
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他們很邪惡。我不想
和他們扯上關係。」
17:01
I said, "OK."
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我說:「好吧。」
17:02
So I excused原諒 myself,
and I went into the bathroom浴室
305
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所以我請他讓我
暫時離開去一下洗手間,
17:04
and I took my phone電話 out in the bathroom浴室,
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我到洗手間就拿出手機,
17:07
and I Googled谷歌搜索 the local本地 mosque清真寺,
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1893
我上網搜尋了當地的清真寺,
17:09
and I called them very quietly悄悄
from the bathroom浴室,
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2287
我在洗手間小聲地打電話給他們,
17:12
and I said, "Excuse藉口 me,
imam阿訇, I need a favor偏愛.
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1020288
3958
說:「不好意思,伊瑪目,我需要幫忙。
(註:imam,伊斯蘭教的領袖)
17:16
I have a Christian基督教 man
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我這有個基督徒,
17:17
who would really love to learn學習 more
about your religion宗教."
311
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他真的很想多了解你們的宗教。」
17:20
(Laughter笑聲)
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2685
(笑聲)
17:22
"Do you mind心神 if we stop by?"
313
1030984
1738
「你介不介意我們去拜訪?」
17:26
Well, it took some convincing使人信服
for Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特 to go,
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我花了點功夫說服戴洛,
17:29
but finally最後 we got there,
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2002
終於我們去了那裡,
17:31
and when I knocked被撞 on the door,
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1039042
1506
當我敲門時,
17:32
the imam阿訇 said he only had
15 minutes分鐘 left for us,
317
1040572
3090
伊瑪目說,他只能
給我們 15 分鐘,
17:35
because he was preparing準備
for a prayer禱告 service服務.
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2550
因為他要準備祈禱儀式。
17:38
I said, "We'll take it."
319
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1197
我說:「沒問題。」
17:40
We went in,
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1158
我們進去裡面,
17:41
and two and a half hours小時 later後來,
we came來了 out after hugging擁抱 and crying哭了
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1049434
5183
在裡面的這兩個半小時,
我們哭著擁抱彼此,
17:46
and, very strangely奇怪,
bonding結合 over Chuck Norris諾里斯 for some reason原因.
322
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很奇妙的是我們還因為某種原因,
透過羅禮士產生連結。
(註:空手道冠軍、美國演員)
17:50
(Laughter笑聲)
323
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(笑聲)
17:51
I don't know what it was about that,
324
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1932
我不知道那是怎麼回事,
17:53
but that's what happened發生.
325
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1392
但就是發生了。
17:56
And I'm happy快樂 to say now
that Darrell達雷爾·韋斯特 and the imam阿訇,
326
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我很高興告訴各位,
現在常常可以在當地的
17:59
you can often經常 find them
at the local本地 falafel沙拉三明治 stand,
327
1067583
2436
中東蔬菜球攤子看到戴洛和伊瑪目
18:02
having lunch午餐 together一起.
328
1070043
1615
一起吃中餐。
18:03
(Applause掌聲)
329
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3765
(掌聲)
18:12
You see, it's our disconnection斷開
from each other.
330
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2541
原因只是因為
我們和彼此沒有連結。
18:14
Hatred仇恨 is born天生 of ignorance無知.
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2243
仇恨是來自忽視。
18:17
Fear恐懼 is its father父親,
and isolation隔離 is its mother母親.
332
1085250
4079
它的父親是恐懼,母親是孤立。
18:21
When we don't understand理解 something,
we tend趨向 to be afraid害怕 of it,
333
1089353
3977
我們傾向會害怕自己不了解的東西,
18:25
and if we keep ourselves我們自己 from it,
334
1093354
1719
若我們讓自己不要去接近,
18:27
that fear恐懼 grows成長, and sometimes有時,
it turns into hatred.
335
1095097
3147
恐懼就會加劇,有時會轉變為仇恨。
18:31
Since以來 I've left the movement運動,
I've helped幫助 over a hundred people
336
1099120
2999
離開運動之後,
我已協助過超過一百個人
18:34
disengage解開 from extremist極端主義 movements運動,
from white白色 supremacist至上主義 groups --
337
1102143
3318
脫離白人至上主義團體的
極端主義運動——
18:37
(Applause掌聲)
338
1105485
3810
(掌聲)
18:46
to even jihadist聖戰 groups.
339
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1526
甚至連聖戰團體也有。
18:47
And the way I do that
is not by arguing爭論 with them,
340
1115828
4557
我的做法,並不是和他們爭論,
18:52
not by debating辯論 them,
341
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1517
不是和他們辯,
18:53
not by even telling告訴 them they're wrong錯誤,
342
1121950
2289
甚至不會跟他們說他們錯了,
18:56
even though雖然, boy男孩, I want to sometimes有時.
343
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2233
即使有時我真的好想這樣做。
18:58
I don't do that.
344
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1274
我不會那麼做。
19:00
Instead代替, I don't push them away.
345
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2528
反之,我不會把他們推開。
19:02
I draw them in closer接近,
346
1130886
1635
我把他們拉得更近,
19:05
and I listen very closely密切
for their potholes坑洼,
347
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4363
我非常注意地傾聽他們的凹坑,
19:10
and then I begin開始 to fill them in.
348
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接著我開始把凹坑填起來。
19:12
I try to make people more resilient彈性,
349
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我試著讓人們更有韌性,
19:14
more self-confident自信,
350
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1504
更有自信,
19:16
more able能夠 to have skills技能
to compete競爭 in the marketplace市井
351
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4029
更能夠有技能在市場中競爭,
19:20
so that they don't have
to blame the other,
352
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2672
這樣他們就不用責怪對方,
19:24
the other that they've他們已經 never met會見.
353
1152764
1824
他們從來沒認識過的對方。
19:27
I'd like to just leave離開 you
with one last thing before I go.
354
1155758
3800
在我結束之前,
我想再留給各位一個想法。
19:32
Of all the people I've worked工作 with,
they will all tell you the same相同 thing.
355
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3523
所有我幫助過的人,
他們都會告訴你同樣的事。
19:36
One, they became成為 extremists極端分子
356
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3592
第一,他們變成極端主義分子
19:40
because they wanted to belong屬於,
not because of ideology思想 or dogma教條.
357
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3834
因為他們想有所歸屬,
而不是因為意識形態或教義。
19:44
And second第二, what brought them out
358
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2628
第二,讓他們脫離的原因,
19:48
was receiving接收 compassion同情
359
1176290
1902
是得到同理心,
19:50
from the people
they least最小 deserved應得 it from,
360
1178216
2343
來自最不應該同理他們的人,
在他們最不值得被同理的時候。
19:53
when they least最小 deserved應得 it.
361
1181247
1653
19:54
(Applause掌聲)
362
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2097
(掌聲)
19:57
So I would like
to leave離開 you with a challenge挑戰:
363
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2310
所以我想留給各位一個挑戰:
19:59
go out there today今天, tomorrow明天 --
hopefully希望 every一切 day --
364
1187801
3506
離開這裡之後,
今天、明天,希望是每一天,
20:04
find somebody that you think
is undeserving不配 of your compassion同情
365
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4672
找到一個你認為不值得你同理的人,
20:08
and give it to them,
366
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1184
去同理他,
20:10
because I guarantee保證 you,
367
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1389
因為,我敢保證,
20:12
they're the ones那些 who need it the most.
368
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1908
他們是最需要同理心的人。
20:14
Thank you very much.
369
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非常謝謝。
20:15
(Applause掌聲)
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1963
(掌聲)
Translated by Lilian Chiu
Reviewed by nr chan

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Picciolini - Counter-extremism specialist
Christian Picciolini is dedicated to helping others counter racism and extremism.

Why you should listen

After leaving the white supremacist skinhead movement he helped build in America during the 1980s and 90s, Christian Picciolini earned a degree in international relations from DePaul University. He launched Goldmill Group, a global media and counter-extremism consulting firm. In 2016, he won an Emmy Award for his role in producing an anti-hate advertising campaign aimed at helping people disengage from violent extremist groups. His life since leaving the white-supremacist movement over two decades ago has been dedicated to helping others counter racism and extremism by founding such organizations as ExitUSA and Life After Hate.

Picciolini has spoken all over the world, sharing his unique and extensive knowledge, teaching all who are willing to learn about building greater peace through empathy and compassion. His involvement in the early American skinhead movement is chronicled in his memoir WHITE AMERICAN YOUTH: My Descent into America’s Most Violent Hate Movement—and How I Got Out (Hachette). He is co-developing a television docu-series based on his work helping people disengage from violent ideologies.

More profile about the speaker
Christian Picciolini | Speaker | TED.com