TED2017
Adam Alter: Why our screens make us less happy
Ādams Alters: Kāpēc ekrāni mūs dara nelaimīgākus?
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Ko mums nodara ekrāni un ierīces? Psihologs Ādams Alters pēta, cik daudz mūsu laika nozog ekrāni un kā viņiem tas izdodas. Viņš stāsta, kāpēc pie viedtālruņa, planšetes vai datora pavadītās stundas var padarīt mūs nelaimīgus un ko darīt lietas labā.
Adam Alter - Psychologist
What makes us incessantly check our phones? Adam Alter dives into the fascinating psychology that drives our tech addictions. Full bio
What makes us incessantly check our phones? Adam Alter dives into the fascinating psychology that drives our tech addictions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So, a few years ago I heard
an interesting rumor.
an interesting rumor.
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Pirms dažiem gadiem
es dzirdēju interesantu nostāstu.
es dzirdēju interesantu nostāstu.
Kāda liela mājdzīvnieku barības
uzņēmuma vadītājs
uzņēmuma vadītājs
00:16
Apparently, the head
of a large pet food company
of a large pet food company
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uz ikgadējo akcionāru sapulci dodoties
00:18
would go into the annual
shareholder's meeting
shareholder's meeting
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ar suņu barības bundžu.
00:21
with can of dog food.
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00:22
And he would eat the can of dog food.
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Un šo suņu barības bundžu viņš izēdot.
00:24
And this was his way of convincing them
that if it was good enough for him,
that if it was good enough for him,
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Tā viņš pārliecināja cilvēkus,
ka, ja tā ir gana laba viņam,
tā ir gana laba viņu suņiem.
tā ir gana laba viņu suņiem.
00:28
it was good enough for their pets.
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Tagad šo stratēģiju
dēvē par „suņbarības ēšanu”,
dēvē par „suņbarības ēšanu”,
00:29
This strategy is now known
as "dogfooding,"
as "dogfooding,"
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00:32
and it's a common strategy
in the business world.
in the business world.
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un uzņēmējdarbības pasaulē
tā ir visai pazīstama.
tā ir visai pazīstama.
Tas nenozīmē, ka visi iet
un ēd suņu barību,
un ēd suņu barību,
00:34
It doesn't mean everyone
goes in and eats dog food,
goes in and eats dog food,
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bet uzņēmēji lieto paši savus produktus,
00:37
but businesspeople
will use their own products
will use their own products
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lai parādītu, ka uzskata...
00:39
to demonstrate that they feel --
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ka ir par tiem pārliecināti.
00:41
that they're confident in them.
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00:42
Now, this is a widespread practice,
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Tā ir plaši izplatīta rīcība,
00:44
but I think what's really interesting
is when you find exceptions
is when you find exceptions
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bet, manuprāt, interesantākais
ir atrast šī noteikuma izņēmumus,
00:47
to this rule,
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atrast uzņēmējdarbības veidus
vai uzņēmējus,
vai uzņēmējus,
00:49
when you find cases of businesses
or people in businesses
or people in businesses
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kas paši savus produktus nelieto.
00:51
who don't use their own products.
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Izrādās, ir viena nozare,
kur tā notiek visai bieži,
kur tā notiek visai bieži,
00:53
Turns out there's one industry
where this happens in a common way,
where this happens in a common way,
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visai regulāri,
00:56
in a pretty regular way,
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un tā ir ekrānos balstīto
tehnoloģiju nozare.
tehnoloģiju nozare.
00:57
and that is the screen-based
tech industry.
tech industry.
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01:00
So, in 2010, Steve Jobs,
when he was releasing the iPad,
when he was releasing the iPad,
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2010. gadā Stīvs Džobss, izlaižot iPad,
01:04
described the iPad as a device
that was "extraordinary."
that was "extraordinary."
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to aprakstīja kā ļoti īpašu ierīci.
01:08
"The best browsing experience
you've ever had;
you've ever had;
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„Labākā pārlūkošana,
kādu būsiet piedzīvojis,
kādu būsiet piedzīvojis,
daudz labāka nekā klēpjdatorā,
daudz labāka nekā viedtālrunī.
daudz labāka nekā viedtālrunī.
01:10
way better than a laptop,
way better than a smartphone.
way better than a smartphone.
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01:13
It's an incredible experience."
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Tā ir neticama pieredze.”
Pāris mēnešus vēlāk
01:15
A couple of months later,
he was approached by a journalist
he was approached by a journalist
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viņu uzrunāja New York Times žurnālists,
01:18
from the New York Times,
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un viņiem bija gara telefonsaruna.
01:19
and they had a long phone call.
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Sarunas beigās žurnālists izmeta
šķietami vienkāršu jautājumu.
šķietami vienkāršu jautājumu.
01:20
At the end of the call,
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01:21
the journalist threw in a question
that seemed like a sort of softball.
that seemed like a sort of softball.
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Viņš sacīja: „Jūsu bērni
par iPad droši vien ir sajūsmā.”
par iPad droši vien ir sajūsmā.”
01:25
He said to him, "Your kids
must love the iPad."
must love the iPad."
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Atbilde šķiet pašsaprotama,
01:28
There's an obvious answer to this,
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bet Džobsa atbilde žurnālistu satrieca.
01:30
but what Jobs said
really staggered the journalist.
really staggered the journalist.
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01:33
He was very surprised,
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Viņš bija ļoti pārsteigts,
01:34
because he said, "They haven't used it.
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jo Džobs sacīja: „Viņi to nav lietojuši.
Mēs ierobežojam, cik daudz tehnoloģiju
mūsu bērni mājās lieto.”
mūsu bērni mājās lieto.”
01:36
We limit how much technology
our kids use at home."
our kids use at home."
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01:39
This is a very common thing
in the tech world.
in the tech world.
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Tehnoloģiju pasaulē
tā ir ļoti izplatīta rīcība.
tā ir ļoti izplatīta rīcība.
01:43
In fact, there's a school
quite near Silicon Valley
quite near Silicon Valley
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Silīcija ielejā patiesībā ir skola,
01:46
called the Waldorf School
of the Peninsula,
of the Peninsula,
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Pussalas Valdorfa skola,
01:48
and they don't introduce screens
until the eighth grade.
until the eighth grade.
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kurā ekrānus nelieto līdz 8. klasei.
Interesants fakts par šo skolu –
01:51
What's really interesting about the school
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75% tās skolēnu
01:53
is that 75 percent
of the kids who go there
of the kids who go there
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vecāki ir augsta līmeņa
tehniskie vadītāji Silīcija ielejā.
tehniskie vadītāji Silīcija ielejā.
01:55
have parents who are high-level
Silicon Valley tech execs.
Silicon Valley tech execs.
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01:59
So when I heard about this, I thought
it was interesting and surprising,
it was interesting and surprising,
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Kad to padzirdēju, nodomāju,
kas tas ir interesanti un pārsteidzoši,
kas tas ir interesanti un pārsteidzoši,
02:02
and it pushed me to consider
what screens were doing to me
what screens were doing to me
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un tas lika man pārdomāt,
ko ekrāni nodara man
ko ekrāni nodara man
02:05
and to my family and the people I loved,
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un manai ģimenei, un maniem mīļajiem,
02:07
and to people at large.
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un cilvēkiem vispār.
02:09
So for the last five years,
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Tā nu pēdējos piecus gadus
02:11
as a professor of business and psychology,
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es kā uzņēmējdarbības
un psiholoģijas profesors
un psiholoģijas profesors
02:13
I've been studying the effect
of screens on our lives.
of screens on our lives.
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pētu, kā ekrāni ietekmē mūsu dzīvi.
02:16
And I want to start by just focusing
on how much time they take from us,
on how much time they take from us,
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Sākumā gribu pievērsties tam,
cik daudz mūsu laika tie aizņem,
cik daudz mūsu laika tie aizņem,
02:20
and then we can talk about
what that time looks like.
what that time looks like.
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un tad parunāsim, kāds šis laiks ir.
02:23
What I'm showing you here
is the average 24-hour workday
is the average 24-hour workday
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Šeit redzama tipiska
24 stundu darba diena
24 stundu darba diena
02:26
at three different points in history:
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trijos dažādos laikos:
02:28
2007 -- 10 years ago --
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2007. gadā – pirms 10 gadiem –,
02:30
2015
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2015. gadā
02:32
and then data that I collected,
actually, only last week.
actually, only last week.
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un tad dati, ko patiesībā apkopoju
tikai pagājušajā nedēļā.
tikai pagājušajā nedēļā.
02:35
And a lot of things haven't changed
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Daudz kas nemaz tik ļoti nav mainījies.
02:36
all that much.
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02:39
We sleep roughly seven-and-a-half
to eight hours a day;
to eight hours a day;
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Mēs guļam apmēram septiņas ar pusi,
astoņas stundas dienā;
astoņas stundas dienā;
02:42
some people say that's declined slightly,
but it hasn't changed much.
but it hasn't changed much.
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daži apgalvo, ka šis laiks
ir mazliet sarucis, bet neko daudz.
ir mazliet sarucis, bet neko daudz.
02:45
We work eight-and-a-half
to nine hours a day.
to nine hours a day.
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Mēs strādājam astoņas ar pusi,
deviņas stundas dienā.
deviņas stundas dienā.
02:48
We engage in survival activities --
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Mēs veicam darbības izdzīvošanai,
02:50
these are things like eating
and bathing and looking after kids --
and bathing and looking after kids --
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proti, ēdam, mazgājamies,
rūpējamies par bērniem,
rūpējamies par bērniem,
apmēram trīs stundas dienā.
02:53
about three hours a day.
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Pāri paliek šī baltā daļa.
02:54
That leaves this white space.
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02:56
That's our personal time.
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Tas ir mūsu personiskais laiks.
02:58
That space is incredibly important to us.
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Šī daļa mums ir ārkārtīgi svarīga.
03:01
That's the space where we do things
that make us individuals.
that make us individuals.
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Tajā mēs darām to,
kas mūs padara par personībām.
kas mūs padara par personībām.
Tur ir vaļasprieki, tuvas attiecības,
03:04
That's where hobbies happen,
where we have close relationships,
where we have close relationships,
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tur mēs patiešām apdomājam dzīvi,
kļūstam radoši,
kļūstam radoši,
03:07
where we really think about our lives,
where we get creative,
where we get creative,
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tur mēs pakāpjamies soli atpakaļ
03:10
where we zoom back and try to work out
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un mēģinām saprast,
vai mūsu dzīvei ir bijusi jēga.
vai mūsu dzīvei ir bijusi jēga.
03:12
whether our lives have been meaningful.
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Daļu no tā mēs gūstam arī darbā,
03:13
We get some of that from work as well,
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bet, kad cilvēki atskatās uz savu dzīvi
03:15
but when people look back on their lives
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un mūža nogalē prāto, kāda tā ir bijusi,
03:17
and wonder what their lives have been like
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03:19
at the end of their lives,
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viņu pēdējie vārdi...
03:21
you look at the last things they say --
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viņi runā par baltajā, personiskajā daļā
piedzīvotajiem brīžiem.
piedzīvotajiem brīžiem.
03:22
they are talking about those moments
that happen in that white personal space.
that happen in that white personal space.
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Tas tātad ir svēts, tas mums ir svarīgs.
03:26
So it's sacred; it's important to us.
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Nu es jums parādīšu,
03:28
Now, what I'm going to do is show you
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cik daudz šīs daļas
laikā gaitā aizņēmuši ekrāni.
laikā gaitā aizņēmuši ekrāni.
03:30
how much of that space
is taken up by screens across time.
is taken up by screens across time.
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03:33
In 2007,
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2007. gadā
03:35
this much.
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tik daudz.
03:36
That was the year that Apple
introduced the first iPhone.
introduced the first iPhone.
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Tas bija gads, ka Apple
izlaida pirmo iPhone.
izlaida pirmo iPhone.
03:39
Eight years later,
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Astoņus gadus vēlāk
03:41
this much.
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tik daudz.
03:43
Now, this much.
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Un tagad tik daudz.
03:45
That's how much time we spend
of that free time in front of our screens.
of that free time in front of our screens.
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Tik daudz sava brīvā laika
mēs pavadām ekrānu priekšā.
mēs pavadām ekrānu priekšā.
03:48
This yellow area, this thin sliver,
is where the magic happens.
is where the magic happens.
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Dzeltenā daļa, šī plānā šķēlīte,
ir tā vieta, kur notiek brīnumi.
ir tā vieta, kur notiek brīnumi.
03:51
That's where your humanity lives.
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Tur mīt jūsu cilvēcība.
03:53
And right now, it's in a very small box.
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Un šobrīd tā ir ļoti maza vietiņa.
03:56
So what do we do about this?
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Ko tad iesākt?
03:57
Well, the first question is:
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Pirmais jautājums –
kāda ir šī sarkanā daļa?
03:59
What does that red space look like?
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04:01
Now, of course, screens are miraculous
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Ekrāni, protams, ir brīnumaini
04:03
in a lot of ways.
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daudz un dažādos veidos.
04:04
I live in New York,
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Es dzīvoju Ņujorkā,
04:06
a lot of my family lives in Australia,
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liela manas ģimenes daļa dzīvo Austrālijā,
04:08
and I have a one-year-old son.
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un man ir gadu vecs dēls.
04:09
The way I've been able to introduce
them to him is with screens.
them to him is with screens.
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Ar ekrānu palīdzību
esmu varējis viņus iepazīstināt.
esmu varējis viņus iepazīstināt.
04:13
I couldn't have done that
15 or 20 years ago
15 or 20 years ago
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Pirms 15 vai 20 gadiem
es to nebūtu varējis izdarīt.
es to nebūtu varējis izdarīt.
04:15
in quite the same way.
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Tā ka no tiem ir daudz labuma.
04:16
So there's a lot of good
that comes from them.
that comes from them.
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04:18
One thing you can do is ask yourself:
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Viens, ko varat sev pajautāt
04:20
What goes on during that time?
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kas šajā laikā notiek?
04:22
How enriching are the apps
that we're using?
that we're using?
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Cik bagātinošas
ir mūsu izmantotās lietotnes?
ir mūsu izmantotās lietotnes?
04:25
And some are enriching.
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Un dažas ir bagātinošos.
Ja cilvēkiem lietotņu izmantošanas brīdī
04:26
If you stop people while
they're using them and say,
they're using them and say,
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jautā, kā viņi jūtas tieši tagad,
04:29
"Tell us how you feel right now,"
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viņi saka, ka jūtas visai labi,
izmantojot šīs lietotnes –
izmantojot šīs lietotnes –
04:30
they say they feel pretty good
about these apps --
about these apps --
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tās, kas vērstas uz atslābināšanos,
sportu, laikapstākļiem, lasīšanu,
sportu, laikapstākļiem, lasīšanu,
04:33
those that focus on relaxation,
exercise, weather, reading,
exercise, weather, reading,
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izglītību un veselību.
04:36
education and health.
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04:38
They spend an average of nine
minutes a day on each of these.
minutes a day on each of these.
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Katrā no šīm lietotnēm cilvēki pavada
vidēji deviņas minūtes dienā.
vidēji deviņas minūtes dienā.
04:41
These apps make them much less happy.
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Šīs lietotnes cilvēkiem
sagādā daudz mazāk prieka.
sagādā daudz mazāk prieka.
Aptuveni puse cilvēku,
kam uzdots jautājums, kā viņi jūtas,
kam uzdots jautājums, kā viņi jūtas,
04:44
About half the people, when you interrupt
them and say, "How do you feel?"
them and say, "How do you feel?"
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saka, ka nejūtas labi, tās izmantojot.
04:47
say they don't feel good about using them.
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04:49
What's interesting about these --
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Interesanti, ka šajās –
randiņu, sociālās tīklošanās, spēļu,
04:51
dating, social networking, gaming,
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izklaides, ziņu un interneta
pārlūkošanas lietotnēs –
pārlūkošanas lietotnēs –
04:53
entertainment, news, web browsing --
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04:55
people spend 27 minutes a day
on each of these.
on each of these.
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cilvēki katrā no tām
pavada 27 minūtes dienā.
pavada 27 minūtes dienā.
04:58
We're spending three times longer
on the apps that don't make us happy.
on the apps that don't make us happy.
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Mēs tērējam trīsreiz vairāk laika
lietotnēm, kas mums nesagādā prieku.
lietotnēm, kas mums nesagādā prieku.
05:02
That doesn't seem very wise.
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Neizklausās īpaši gudri.
Viens no iemesliem,
kāpēc pavadām tik daudz laika
kāpēc pavadām tik daudz laika
05:04
One of the reasons we spend
so much time on these apps
so much time on these apps
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lietotnēs, kas mūs dara nelaimīgus,
05:07
that make us unhappy
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05:08
is they rob us of stopping cues.
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ir tas, ka tajās nav stopzīmju.
05:10
Stopping cues were everywhere
in the 20th century.
in the 20th century.
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20. gadsimtā stopzīmes bija visur.
05:12
They were baked into everything we did.
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Tās bija ieceptas it visā, ko darījām.
05:14
A stopping cue is basically a signal
that it's time to move on,
that it's time to move on,
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Stopzīme būtībā ir signāls,
ka laiks doties tālāk,
ka laiks doties tālāk,
05:17
to do something new,
to do something different.
to do something different.
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darīt ko jaunu, darīt ko citu.
05:20
And -- think about newspapers;
eventually you get to the end,
eventually you get to the end,
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Padomājiet par laikrakstiem –
galu galā jūs to izlasāt,
salokāt un noliekat malā.
salokāt un noliekat malā.
05:23
you fold the newspaper away,
you put it aside.
you put it aside.
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Tāpat ar žurnāliem,
05:26
The same with magazines, books --
you get to the end of a chapter,
you get to the end of a chapter,
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grāmatās nodaļas beigas
liek jums apdomāt, vai gribat turpināt.
liek jums apdomāt, vai gribat turpināt.
05:29
prompts you to consider
whether you want to continue.
whether you want to continue.
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05:32
You watched a show on TV,
eventually the show would end,
eventually the show would end,
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Skatoties TV raidījumu,
tas galu galā beidzas,
tas galu galā beidzas,
un līdz nākamajam ir jāgaida nedēļa.
05:35
and then you'd have a week
until the next one came.
until the next one came.
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Stopzīmes bija visur.
05:37
There were stopping cues everywhere.
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Patērējot mūsdienu medijus, stopzīmju nav.
05:39
But the way we consume media today
is such that there are no stopping cues.
is such that there are no stopping cues.
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05:43
The news feed just rolls on,
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Jaunumu plūsma ne brīdi nerimst,
05:45
and everything's bottomless:
Twitter, Facebook, Instagram,
Twitter, Facebook, Instagram,
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un viss ir nebeidzams:
tviteris, Facebook, Instagram,
tviteris, Facebook, Instagram,
05:49
email, text messaging, the news.
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e-pasts, īsziņas, jaunumi.
05:52
And when you do check
all sorts of other sources,
all sorts of other sources,
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Un, ja pārbaudāt citus resursus,
05:55
you can just keep going on and on and on.
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varat turpināt bezgalīgi.
05:57
So, we can get a cue about what to do
from Western Europe,
from Western Europe,
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Varam palūkoties,
kā šo risina Rietumeiropā,
kā šo risina Rietumeiropā,
06:02
where they seem to have a number
of pretty good ideas in the workplace.
of pretty good ideas in the workplace.
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kur, šķiet, ir dažas
visai labas idejas darba vietām.
visai labas idejas darba vietām.
Lūk, viens piemērs –
nīderlandiešu dizaina uzņēmums.
nīderlandiešu dizaina uzņēmums.
06:05
Here's one example.
This is a Dutch design firm.
This is a Dutch design firm.
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06:08
And what they've done
is rigged the desks to the ceiling.
is rigged the desks to the ceiling.
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Viņi darba galdus
piestiprinājuši griestiem.
piestiprinājuši griestiem.
06:11
And at 6pm every day,
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Un ik vakaru pulksten 6,
06:12
it doesn't matter who you're emailing
or what you're doing,
or what you're doing,
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vienalga, kam rakstāt vai ko darāt,
galdi paceļas pie griestiem.
06:15
the desks rise to the ceiling.
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(Smiekli)
06:16
(Laughter)
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06:18
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
06:19
Four days a week, the space
turns into a yoga studio,
turns into a yoga studio,
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Četrreiz nedēļā telpa
pārvēršas par jogas studiju,
pārvēršas par jogas studiju,
06:23
one day a week, into a dance club.
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reizi nedēļā – par deju klubu.
Jūs paši varat izvēlēties, uz ko palikt.
06:25
It's really up to you which ones
you stick around for.
you stick around for.
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Taču tā ir lieliska stopzīme,
06:27
But this is a great stopping rule,
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06:29
because it means at the end of the day,
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jo tas nozīmē, ka dienas beigās
viss beidzas, nav iespēju strādāt.
06:31
everything stops, there's no way to work.
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06:33
At Daimler, the German car company,
they've got another great strategy.
they've got another great strategy.
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Vācu autoražotājam Daimler
ir cita lieliska stratēģija.
ir cita lieliska stratēģija.
Ja cilvēks ir atvaļinājumā, tā vietā,
lai teiktu, ka viņš ir atvaļinājumā
lai teiktu, ka viņš ir atvaļinājumā
06:36
When you go on vacation,
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06:38
instead of saying,
"This person's on vacation,
"This person's on vacation,
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un sazināsies ar jums, kad būs atpakaļ,
06:40
they'll get back to you eventually,"
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viņi saka: „Šis cilvēks ir atvaļinājumā,
tāpēc jūsu e-pasts ir dzēsts.
tāpēc jūsu e-pasts ir dzēsts.
06:42
they say, "This person's on vacation,
so we've deleted your email.
so we've deleted your email.
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06:45
This person will never see
the email you just sent."
the email you just sent."
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Šis cilvēks tikko sūtīto e-pastu
nekad neieraudzīs.
nekad neieraudzīs.
06:48
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
06:49
"You can email back in a couple of weeks,
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Varat rakstīt atkal pēc pāris nedēļām
vai sazināties ar citu darbinieku.”
06:52
or you can email someone else."
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06:53
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
06:54
And so --
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Un tātad...
06:55
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
07:00
You can imagine what that's like.
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Varat iedomāties, kā tas ir:
jūs ejat atvaļinājumā
un jums patiešām ir atvaļinājums.
un jums patiešām ir atvaļinājums.
07:02
You go on vacation,
and you're actually on vacation.
and you're actually on vacation.
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Šajā uzņēmumā strādājošie jūt,
07:05
The people who work at this company feel
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ka viņi patiešām atpūšas no darba.
07:07
that they actually get a break from work.
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07:09
But of course, that doesn't tell us much
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Bet tas, protams, neko daudz nepasaka
par to, ko darīt mājās,
savā personīgajā dzīvē,
savā personīgajā dzīvē,
07:11
about what we should do
at home in our own lives,
at home in our own lives,
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tāpēc gribu šo to ieteikt.
07:13
so I want to make some suggestions.
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Ir viegli teikt, ka nelietošu telefonu
starp pulksten 17 un 18.
starp pulksten 17 un 18.
07:15
It's easy to say, between 5 and 6pm,
I'm going to not use my phone.
I'm going to not use my phone.
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07:19
The problem is, 5 and 6pm
looks different on different days.
looks different on different days.
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Nelaime tajā, ka pulksten 17 un 18
dažādās dienās izskatās dažādi.
dažādās dienās izskatās dažādi.
07:23
I think a far better strategy is to say,
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Manuprāt, daudz labāka stratēģija
ir sacīt, ka ik dienas
daru noteiktas lietas,
daru noteiktas lietas,
07:25
I do certain things every day,
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07:27
there are certain occasions
that happen every day,
that happen every day,
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ir darbības, kas notiek katru dienu,
piemēram, vakariņas.
07:29
like eating dinner.
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07:30
Sometimes I'll be alone,
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Reizēm es ēdīšu viens,
07:32
sometimes with other people,
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reizēm kopā ar citiem,
07:33
sometimes in a restaurant,
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reizēm restorānā,
reizēm mājās,
07:34
sometimes at home,
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taču apņēmies ievērot šādu likumu:
es nekad nelietošu telefonu pie galda.
es nekad nelietošu telefonu pie galda.
07:36
but the rule that I've adopted is:
I will never use my phone at the table.
I will never use my phone at the table.
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07:40
It's far away,
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Tas ir tālu prom,
07:41
as far away as possible.
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cik tālu vien iespējams.
07:43
Because we're really bad
at resisting temptation.
at resisting temptation.
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Jo kārdinājuma priekšā esam ļoti vāji.
07:45
But when you have a stopping cue
that, every time dinner begins,
that, every time dinner begins,
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Taču, ja pastāv stopzīme,
ka, sākoties vakariņām,
ka, sākoties vakariņām,
telefonu nolieku tālu prom,
07:48
my phone goes far away,
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es no kārdinājuma izvairos.
07:49
you avoid temptation all together.
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07:51
At first, it hurts.
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Sākumā sāp.
07:53
I had massive FOMO.
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Man bija milzīgas bailes
palaist ko garām.
palaist ko garām.
07:54
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
07:55
I struggled.
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Bija grūti.
07:57
But what happens is, you get used to it.
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Taču tad pie tā pierod.
Jūs pārdzīvojat atmešanas sindromu,
tāpat kā atsakoties no narkotikām,
tāpat kā atsakoties no narkotikām,
07:59
You overcome the withdrawal
the same way you would from a drug,
the same way you would from a drug,
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08:02
and what happens is, life becomes
more colorful, richer,
more colorful, richer,
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un dzīve kļūst krāsaināka, bagātāka,
08:05
more interesting --
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interesantāka,
08:06
you have better conversations.
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jums veidojas labākas sarunas.
08:08
You really connect with the people
who are there with you.
who are there with you.
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Jūs patiešām rodat saikni
ar cilvēkiem, ar kuriem esat kopā.
ar cilvēkiem, ar kuriem esat kopā.
Manuprāt, tā ir izcila stratēģija,
un mēs zinām, ka tā strādā;
un mēs zinām, ka tā strādā;
08:11
I think it's a fantastic strategy,
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08:12
and we know it works,
because when people do this --
because when people do this --
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kad cilvēki to sāk darīt – esmu apsekojis
daudzus, kas pamēģinājuši –,
daudzus, kas pamēģinājuši –,
08:15
and I've tracked a lot of people
who have tried this --
who have tried this --
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tas iet plašumā.
08:17
it expands.
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To darot, sajūta ir tik laba,
08:19
They feel so good about it,
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ka cilvēki sāk to darīt
pirmajā rīta stundā.
pirmajā rīta stundā.
08:20
they start doing it for the first
hour of the day in the morning.
hour of the day in the morning.
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Viņi telefonos ieslēdz
lidojuma režīmu brīvdienās.
lidojuma režīmu brīvdienās.
08:23
They start putting their phones
on airplane mode on the weekend.
on airplane mode on the weekend.
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08:26
That way, your phone remains a camera,
but it's no longer a phone.
but it's no longer a phone.
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Tādējādi telefons joprojām darbojas
kā kamera, bet vairs ne kā telefons.
kā kamera, bet vairs ne kā telefons.
08:30
It's a really powerful idea,
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Tā ir patiešām varena ideja,
08:31
and we know people feel much better
about their lives when they do this.
about their lives when they do this.
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un mēs zinām, ka cilvēki, to darot,
savā dzīvē jūtas daudz labāk.
savā dzīvē jūtas daudz labāk.
08:35
So what's the take home here?
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Ko tad no šī visa atcerēties?
08:37
Screens are miraculous;
I've already said that,
I've already said that,
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Ekrāni ir brīnišķīgi – es to jau teicu
un uzskatu, ka tā ir.
08:39
and I feel that it's true.
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08:41
But the way we use them is a lot like
driving down a really fast, long road,
driving down a really fast, long road,
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Bet tas, kā mēs to lietojam, līdzinās
ļoti ātrai braukšanai pa garu ceļu –
ļoti ātrai braukšanai pa garu ceļu –
08:45
and you're in a car where the accelerator
is mashed to the floor,
is mashed to the floor,
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jūs esat mašīnā,
kur gāzes pedālis iespiests grīdā
kur gāzes pedālis iespiests grīdā
08:49
it's kind of hard
to reach the brake pedal.
to reach the brake pedal.
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un aizsniegt bremžu pedāli ir pagrūti.
08:51
You've got a choice.
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Jums ir izvēle.
08:53
You can either glide by, past,
say, the beautiful ocean scenes
say, the beautiful ocean scenes
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Jūs varat vai nu paslīdēt garām,
piemēram, skaistām okeāna ainavām
piemēram, skaistām okeāna ainavām
08:57
and take snaps out the window --
that's the easy thing to do --
that's the easy thing to do --
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un pa logu noķert kādu bildi –
tas ir vieglākais ceļš, –
tas ir vieglākais ceļš, –
09:00
or you can go out of your way
to move the car to the side of the road,
to move the car to the side of the road,
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vai varat paspert soli sāņus,
nolikt mašīnu ceļmalā,
nolikt mašīnu ceļmalā,
09:04
to push that brake pedal,
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nospiest bremzes pedāli,
09:05
to get out,
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izkāpt,
09:07
take off your shoes and socks,
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novilkt kurpes un zeķes,
09:08
take a couple of steps onto the sand,
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paspert pāris soļu smiltīs,
09:11
feel what the sand feels like
under your feet,
under your feet,
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sajust smiltis zem kājām,
09:13
walk to the ocean,
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aiziet līdz okeānam
09:14
and let the ocean lap at your ankles.
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un ļaut tam skaloties ap potītēm.
09:17
Your life will be richer
and more meaningful
and more meaningful
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Jūsu dzīve būs bagātāka un jēgpilnāka,
09:20
because you breathe in that experience,
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jo šo pieredzi jūs ieelposit
09:22
and because you've left
your phone in the car.
your phone in the car.
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un telefonu būsit atstājis mašīnā.
Paldies.
09:24
Thank you.
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(Aplausi)
09:25
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Alter - PsychologistWhat makes us incessantly check our phones? Adam Alter dives into the fascinating psychology that drives our tech addictions.
Why you should listen
Adam Alter's academic research focuses on judgment, decision-making and social psychology, with a particular interest in the sometimes surprising effects of subtle cues in the environment on human cognition and behavior.
He is the bestselling author of two books: Irresistible, which considers why so many people today are addicted to so many behaviors, from incessant smart phone and internet use to video game playing and online shopping, and Drunk Tank Pink, which investigates how hidden forces in the world around us shape our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
Adam Alter | Speaker | TED.com