TEDWomen 2018
Emily Quinn: The way we think about biological sex is wrong
艾蜜莉昆恩: 我們看待生理性別的方式是錯的
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
2,206,632 views
你可知道，全世界有一億五千萬人（和俄國的人口一樣多）生來就是陰陽人——在生物學上，他們並不符合男性或女性的標準？十歲時，艾蜜莉昆恩發現她是陰陽人，在這場有趣又有智慧的演說中，她分享了讓人大開眼界的知識，她一生都在社會欠缺考慮的期望中遊走，遇到醫生要求她進行不必要的手術——她要為自己發聲，也要為人類天生的豐富多樣性發聲。（含成人內容）
Emily Quinn - Artist, activist, author
Emily Quinn describes herself as "a ballsy intersex activist who uses humor and storytelling to create a more welcoming world for people who don’t fit in a box." Full bio
Emily Quinn describes herself as "a ballsy intersex activist who uses humor and storytelling to create a more welcoming world for people who don’t fit in a box." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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〔本演說有成人內容〕
00:16
I have a vagina.
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我有陰道。
00:17
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:18
Just thought you should know.
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只是覺得應該要讓你們知道。
00:21
That might not come
as a surprise to some of you.
as a surprise to some of you.
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有些人應該不會感到驚訝。
00:23
I look like a woman.
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我看起來像是女人，
00:26
I'm dressed like one, I guess.
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我想自己穿得也像女人。
00:29
The thing is, I also have balls.
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重點是，我也有睪丸。
00:31
And it does take a lot of nerve
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真的需要很大的膽量，
00:34
to come up here and talk to you
about my genitalia.
about my genitalia.
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才能走上這個舞台，
跟各位談我的生殖器，
跟各位談我的生殖器，
00:37
Just a little.
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只談一點點。
00:39
But I'm not talking
about bravery or courage.
about bravery or courage.
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但，我不是要談勇敢或勇氣。
00:42
I mean literally -- I have balls.
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我是說真的——我很「有種」。
00:45
Right here,
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就在這裡，
00:46
right where a lot of you have ovaries.
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就在許多人有卵巢的位置。
00:49
I'm not male or female.
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我不是男性或女性，
00:51
I'm intersex.
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我是陰陽人。
00:53
Most people assume that you're
biologically either a man or a woman,
biologically either a man or a woman,
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大部分人都會假設，
你在生理上不是男性就是女性，
你在生理上不是男性就是女性，
00:57
but it's actually a lot more
complex than that.
complex than that.
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但其實沒有那麼簡單。
01:01
There are so many ways
somebody could be intersex.
somebody could be intersex.
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有許多可能都會讓
一個人成為陰陽人。
一個人成為陰陽人。
01:03
In my case, it means
I was born with XY chromosomes,
I was born with XY chromosomes,
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就我來說，我出生時
就有 XY 染色體，
就有 XY 染色體，
01:07
which you probably know
as male chromosomes.
as male chromosomes.
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你們可能知道，
這就是男性染色體。
這就是男性染色體。
01:09
And I was born with a vagina
and balls inside my body.
and balls inside my body.
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我出生時，身體裡面
就有陰道和睪丸。
就有陰道和睪丸。
01:14
I don't respond to testosterone,
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我對睪丸素沒有反應，
01:16
so during puberty, I grew breasts,
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所以，在青春期時，
我的乳房開始發育，
我的乳房開始發育，
01:19
but I never got acne
or body hair, body oil.
or body hair, body oil.
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但我從來沒有過
青春痘、體毛、體油。
青春痘、體毛、體油。
01:24
You can be jealous of that.
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你們可以嫉妒一下。
01:25
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:27
But even though I don't
actually have a uterus --
actually have a uterus --
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但即便如此，我也沒有子宮，
我生來就沒有，
我生來就沒有，
01:30
I was born without one,
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01:31
so I don't menstruate,
I can't have biological children.
I can't have biological children.
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所以我沒有月經，我不能生孩子。
01:36
We put people in boxes
based on their genitalia.
based on their genitalia.
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我們用生殖器來把人分類。
01:39
Before a baby's even born,
we ask whether it's a boy or a girl,
we ask whether it's a boy or a girl,
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在寶寶都還沒生出來之前，
我們就問是男孩還是女孩，
我們就問是男孩還是女孩，
01:43
as if it actually matters;
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好像這點真的很重要；
01:45
as if you're going to be less excited
about having a baby
about having a baby
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說得好像如果你的寶寶
沒有你想要的生殖器，
沒有你想要的生殖器，
01:48
if it doesn't have
the genitals you wanted;
the genitals you wanted;
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你的興奮就會打折似的；
01:50
as if what's between somebody's legs
tells you anything about that person.
tells you anything about that person.
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說得好像一個人兩腿之間的東西
能告訴你關於這人的一些事似的。
能告訴你關於這人的一些事似的。
01:55
Are they kind, generous, funny?
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他們會是仁慈的？
大方的？有趣的？
大方的？有趣的？
01:58
Smart?
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聰明的？
02:00
Who do they want to be when they grow up?
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他們長大會想要成為什麼人？
02:02
Genitals don't actually tell you anything.
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生殖器不能告訴你任何事。
02:05
Yet, we define ourselves by them.
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但，我們卻用生殖器
來定義我們自己。
來定義我們自己。
02:08
In this society, we love
putting people into boxes
putting people into boxes
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在這個社會，我們喜歡
把人分類，給彼此貼標籤。
把人分類，給彼此貼標籤。
02:11
and labeling each other.
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02:12
It kind of gives us a sense of belonging
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這樣可以給我們一種歸屬感，
02:15
and teaches us how to interact
with one another.
with one another.
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並教導我們如何和彼此互動。
02:19
But there's one really big problem:
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但，有個非常大的問題：
02:22
biological sex is not black or white.
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生理性別並不是非黑即白，
02:26
It's on a spectrum.
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它是一個範圍。
02:28
Besides your genitalia,
you also have your chromosomes,
you also have your chromosomes,
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除了生殖器，你也有染色體，
02:31
your gonads, like ovaries or testicles.
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也有生殖腺，比如卵巢或睪丸。
02:34
You have your internal sex organs,
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你有內部性器官、
02:36
your hormone production,
your hormone response
your hormone response
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你的荷爾蒙生成、
你的荷爾蒙反應，
你的荷爾蒙反應，
02:39
and your secondary sex characteristics,
like breast development, body hair, etc.
like breast development, body hair, etc.
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以及你的第二性徵，
比如乳房發育、體毛等等。
比如乳房發育、體毛等等。
02:44
Those seven areas of biological sex
all have so much variation,
all have so much variation,
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生理性別的那七個領域，
都有許多不同的可能，
02:49
yet we only get two options:
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但我們卻只有兩種選項：
02:51
male or female.
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男性或女性。
02:53
Which is kind of absurd to me,
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對我來說蠻荒唐的，
02:55
because I can't think
of a single other human trait
of a single other human trait
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因為我無法想出
還有哪一種人類特性
還有哪一種人類特性
02:57
that there's only two options for:
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只有兩個選項：
03:00
skin color, hair, height, eyes.
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膚色、頭髮、身高、眼睛。
03:03
You can either have nose A or nose B,
that's it, no other options.
that's it, no other options.
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你只能有這種鼻子或那種鼻子，
就這樣，沒其他選擇。
就這樣，沒其他選擇。
03:08
If there are infinite ways
for our bodies to look,
for our bodies to look,
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如果人類是千變萬化的，
不論是我們身體的外觀、
不論是我們身體的外觀、
03:12
our minds to think,
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我們大腦的思想、
03:13
personalities to act,
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個性的行為，
03:15
wouldn't it make sense
that there's that much variety
that there's that much variety
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那麼生理性別也有許多種可能性，
03:18
in biological sex, too?
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不是很合理嗎？
03:22
Did you know that besides
XX or XY chromosomes,
XX or XY chromosomes,
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你們是否知道，
除了 XX 或 XY 染色體，
除了 XX 或 XY 染色體，
03:26
you could have XX and XY chromosomes?
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也可能同時有 XX 和 XY 染色體？
03:29
Or you could have an extra X -- XXY.
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或者也有可能多一個 X —— XXY，
03:32
Or two extra -- XXXY.
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或者多兩個—— XXXY，
03:34
Goes on from there.
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以此類推。
03:36
And for those "normal"
people with XX or XY,
people with XX or XY,
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那麼，對於那些有 XX
或 XY 的「正常」人來說，
或 XY 的「正常」人來說，
03:38
what does that mean?
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這意味著什麼？
03:40
I have XY chromosomes.
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我有 XY 染色體。
03:42
If my DNA is found
at the scene of a crime --
at the scene of a crime --
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如果在犯罪現場發現我的 DNA ——
03:45
not saying it will,
but, you know, we'll see.
but, you know, we'll see.
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並不是說會發生這種事，
但，誰知道呢。
但，誰知道呢。
03:48
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:49
If my skeleton is discovered
thousands of years from now,
thousands of years from now,
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如果在幾千年後發現我的骨骸，
03:53
I'll be labeled male.
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我會被歸為男性。
03:56
Is that the truth?
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那是真的嗎？
03:57
My balls would say so.
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我的睪丸會說是。
04:00
But what about the rest of me?
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但我其他的部分呢？
04:02
And what if a woman has ovarian cancer
and has to have her ovaries removed?
and has to have her ovaries removed?
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如果一名女子得了卵巢癌
而把卵巢拿掉了呢？
而把卵巢拿掉了呢？
04:06
Does she still qualify as a woman?
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她還算是女人嗎？
04:09
What about other intersex people
who are born without balls or ovaries
who are born without balls or ovaries
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那麼其他的陰陽人呢，
他們生來就沒有睪丸或卵巢，
他們生來就沒有睪丸或卵巢，
04:13
or with just one
or a combination of the two?
or a combination of the two?
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或只有一個，或有兩者的組合？
04:16
Where do they go?
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他們算什麼？
04:18
Do you have to have a uterus
to be a woman?
to be a woman?
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要有子宮才算是女人嗎？
04:20
There's a lot of us
who are born without one.
who are born without one.
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我們有很多人生出來就沒有子宮。
04:23
And everyone's favorite part, genitalia:
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至於大家最愛的部位，生殖器：
04:26
you either have one or the other, right?
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你只會有這種或另一種，對吧？
04:28
You either have a six-inch-long penis
that's exactly this thick,
that's exactly this thick,
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你若不是有一根
六英吋的陰莖，就這麼粗，
六英吋的陰莖，就這麼粗，
04:31
jutting straight out of the body
at a 90-degree angle,
at a 90-degree angle,
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以九十度的角度伸出你的身體，
要不然就是有個陰道，
在體內有這麼寬，
在體內有這麼寬，
04:34
or you have a vagina
that's this wide internally
that's this wide internally
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04:36
and a clitoris that's half an inch
above the vaginal opening
above the vaginal opening
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還有個陰蒂，在陰道開口
上方半英吋的位置，
上方半英吋的位置，
04:39
and labia that look exactly
like they're supposed to look like,
like they're supposed to look like,
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還有陰脣，有著它們應有的樣子，
以你那次看過的色情片
為標準。你知道哪部的。
為標準。你知道哪部的。
04:42
according to that one porn video
you watched that one time.
you watched that one time.
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04:45
You know the one.
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如果你一生中有不止一位性伴侶，
04:46
If you've been with more than one
sexual partner in your lifetime,
sexual partner in your lifetime,
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04:50
and you line them up, one by one,
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你讓他們排排站，
04:52
I guarantee you can identify them
just by their genitalia.
just by their genitalia.
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我敢保證你光看他們的
生殖器就能認出誰是誰。
生殖器就能認出誰是誰。
04:55
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:56
Think about it.
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想想看。
04:58
Go on.
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想吧。
04:59
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:00
I see you.
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我看到你了。
05:02
No judging.
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沒有評斷。
05:04
Just notice.
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只是注意到了。
05:05
All different, right?
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都不一樣，對吧？
05:08
The sex and gender binary
are both so ingrained in our society,
are both so ingrained in our society,
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性和性別的二元性
在我們的社會中根深蒂固，
在我們的社會中根深蒂固，
05:12
that we never stop to think about it.
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深到我們從來沒有停止去想它。
05:14
We just automatically place each other
into one box or the other,
into one box or the other,
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我們會很自動就把彼此
歸到某一類或另一類，
歸到某一類或另一類，
05:18
as if it actually matters.
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好像這真的很重要似的。
05:21
Until somebody comes along
to make you question it.
to make you question it.
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直到有人來點你一下，
讓你質疑它。
讓你質疑它。
05:25
And if you're thinking that
I'm the exception, an anomaly, an outlier:
I'm the exception, an anomaly, an outlier:
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如果你們認為我是個例外、
異常特例、離群值：
05:31
intersex people represent
around two percent of the population.
around two percent of the population.
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人口中大約有 2% 是陰陽人。
05:36
That's the same percentage
as genetic redheads.
as genetic redheads.
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遺傳紅頭髮的人也佔同樣的比例。
05:40
It's about 150 million people, roughly,
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粗略來算，大約是一億五千萬人，
05:44
which is more than
the entire population of Russia.
the entire population of Russia.
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這比俄國的總人口數還多。
05:48
So there's a lot of us, needless to say.
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所以，不用說，我們人數很多。
05:52
We're not new or rare.
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我們不是新出現的或罕見的，
05:54
We're just invisible.
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我們只是隱形了。
05:57
We've existed throughout
every culture in history.
every culture in history.
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在歷史上，每個文化中
都有我們這種人。
都有我們這種人。
06:01
Yet, we never talk about it.
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但，我們從來沒有去談它。
06:04
In fact, a lot of people might not know
that they're intersex.
that they're intersex.
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事實上，很多人可能
不知道自己是陰陽人。
不知道自己是陰陽人。
06:07
Have you had a karyotype test
to determine your chromosomes?
to determine your chromosomes?
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你可曾做過染色體核型測試，
來判斷你的染色體？
來判斷你的染色體？
06:12
What about a full blood panel
for all of your hormone levels?
for all of your hormone levels?
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或是做過完整的血檢，
包含所有的荷爾蒙含量？
包含所有的荷爾蒙含量？
06:16
A friend of mine found out
last year, in his 50s.
last year, in his 50s.
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我一位朋友去年才發現，
他已經五十多歲。
他已經五十多歲。
06:20
The executive director of interACT,
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interACT 是美國居領導地位的
陰陽人人權組織，
陰陽人人權組織，
06:21
which is the leading organization
for intersex human rights here in the US,
for intersex human rights here in the US,
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該組織的執行董事
06:26
she found out she was intersex at age 41.
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在四十一歲時才發現她的陰陽人。
06:30
Her doctors found out when she was 15,
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她的醫生在她十五歲時就發現了，
06:33
but they didn't tell her.
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但他們沒有告訴她。
06:35
They lied and said that she had cancer,
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他們說謊，說她得了癌症，
06:39
because that seemed like an easier option
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因為這個選擇似乎比較容易接受，
06:41
than finding out
she wasn't "fully" a woman.
she wasn't "fully" a woman.
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不用知道她並不是個
「完整」的女人。
「完整」的女人。
06:45
This kind of thing happens a lot,
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這種狀況很常發生，
06:46
where intersex people are lied to
or kept in the dark about our bodies,
or kept in the dark about our bodies,
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陰陽人聽到謊言或是蒙在鼓裡，
並不知道他們身體的真相，
並不知道他們身體的真相，
06:51
which comes as a surprise
to a lot of people.
to a lot of people.
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這點讓很多人感到驚訝。
06:53
But we live in a society that doesn't talk
about sex or bodies at all,
about sex or bodies at all,
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但，我們所處的社會
完全不談論性或是身體，
完全不談論性或是身體，
06:57
unless it's to mock or shame each other.
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除非是要嘲笑或羞辱彼此。
07:01
I found out I was intersex at age 10,
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我十歲時得知自己是陰陽人，
07:03
and for the most part,
I was fine with that information.
I was fine with that information.
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大多數的情況下，
我都能接受這項資訊。
我都能接受這項資訊。
07:08
It didn't really faze me;
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它並沒有煩擾我，
07:09
I was still developing
my understanding of the world.
my understanding of the world.
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我還在探索、了解這個世界。
07:13
It wasn't until I got older
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直到我長大些，
07:15
and realized I didn't fit
society's expectations of me,
society's expectations of me,
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才發現，我並不符合
社會對我的期望，
社會對我的期望，
07:19
that I didn't belong, that I was abnormal.
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發現我沒有歸屬，發現我不正常。
07:22
And that's when the shame started.
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那時，我開始感到羞恥。
07:25
How many times have you seen kids
play with the "wrong" toys
play with the "wrong" toys
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你們有看過多少次，孩子拿
不符性別、「錯」的玩具來玩？
不符性別、「錯」的玩具來玩？
07:28
for their gender?
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07:29
Or try on the "wrong" clothes?
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或穿「錯」衣服？
07:31
All the time, right?
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1200
很常見，對吧？
07:33
Kids don't have these ideas
about gender norm,
about gender norm,
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對於性別標準，
孩子沒有什麼概念，
孩子沒有什麼概念，
07:36
they don't have shame
about who they're supposed to be
about who they're supposed to be
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他們不會因為
他們應該成為怎樣的人、
他們應該成為怎樣的人、
07:39
or what they're supposed to like or love.
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應該喜愛什麼，而感到羞恥，
07:43
They don't care about any of this stuff.
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他們完全不在乎這些。
07:46
They don't have shame
until we put it on them.
until we put it on them.
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他們沒有羞恥，直到我們
把羞恥加到他們身上。
把羞恥加到他們身上。
07:50
I also had doctors lie to me.
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也有醫生對我說謊。
07:52
At age 10, they told me
that I would also get cancer
that I would also get cancer
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我十歲時，他們告訴我，
若不把我的睪丸移除，
我也會得癌症。
我也會得癌症。
07:57
unless I removed my balls.
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07:59
Then they proceeded
to tell me that every year.
to tell me that every year.
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接下來他們每年都會這樣告訴我。
08:02
Until today, there are still doctors
who want me to remove them.
who want me to remove them.
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至今，仍然有些醫生
會希望我把睪丸拿掉。
會希望我把睪丸拿掉。
08:06
But there's literally no reason.
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但其實並沒有任何理由。
08:09
If a typical XY male,
like yourself, has testicles,
like yourself, has testicles,
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典型的 XY 男性，就像你們，
有睪丸，
08:14
and one is undescended,
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1984
若其中一個睪丸是隱睪，
08:16
there's a high chance of it
becoming cancerous --
becoming cancerous --
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就有很高的可能性會致癌——
08:19
or a higher chance
of it becoming cancerous.
of it becoming cancerous.
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或是有比較高的機會會致癌。
08:21
They need to thermoregulated.
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它們需要溫度調節。
08:23
So they drop down
away from the body to cool off,
away from the body to cool off,
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所以它們會落下來，
遠離身體以冷卻，
遠離身體以冷卻，
08:26
or they shrink back up to get warm.
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或是縮回去，以取得溫暖。
我的睪丸不用這麼做。
08:29
Mine don't need to do that.
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08:31
They're not responding to testosterone,
they're not producing sperm.
they're not producing sperm.
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它們對睪丸素沒有反應，
它們不會產生精子。
它們不會產生精子。
08:35
They're fine right here inside my body.
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在我的身體中，它們好好的。
08:38
Yet, because there's such a lack
of information about intersex people,
of information about intersex people,
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但，因為關於陰陽人的
資訊很匱乏，
資訊很匱乏，
08:42
my doctors never understood
the difference.
the difference.
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2095
我的醫生從來沒有搞懂這差別。
08:44
They never really understood my body.
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他們從來沒有真的
了解過我的身體。
了解過我的身體。
08:47
As I got older,
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當我長大些，
有另一位醫生告訴我，
有另一位醫生告訴我，
08:48
I had another doctor tell me that
I needed to have surgery on my vagina.
I needed to have surgery on my vagina.
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我的陰道需要動手術。
08:52
She said that until I had an operation,
until she operated,
until she operated,
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她說，若我不接受手術，
若她不給我動手術，
若她不給我動手術，
08:56
I would not be able to have
"normal sex" with my husband one day.
"normal sex" with my husband one day.
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將來我就無法
和我先生有「正常的性交」。
09:02
Her words.
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這是她的用字。
09:05
I didn't end up going through
with the operation,
with the operation,
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我最後沒有動手術，
09:07
and I'm incredibly grateful for that.
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2201
謝天謝地。
09:11
I'm not here to talk about my sex life.
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我不是來談我的性生活的。
09:13
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
09:15
But let's just say it's fine.
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3103
但，咱們就姑且說，
我的性生活很好。
我的性生活很好。
09:18
(Laughter)
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1365
（笑聲）
09:20
I'm fine, my body is fine.
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2162
我很好，我的身體很好。
09:22
You actually wouldn’t be able
to tell the difference
to tell the difference
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你們其實根本分辨不出
我和其他人的差別，
除非我告訴你們；
除非我告訴你們；
09:25
between me and another person
unless I told you;
unless I told you;
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3117
09:28
you wouldn't be able to tell
that I was intersex unless I told you.
that I was intersex unless I told you.
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556449
3329
若我沒說，你們不會
知道我是陰陽人。
知道我是陰陽人。
09:32
But again, because of the lack
of understanding about bodies,
of understanding about bodies,
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560223
3484
但，同樣的，因為缺乏
對身體的了解，
對身體的了解，
09:35
my doctor didn't understand
the difference.
the difference.
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2103
我的醫生不知道差別。
09:38
And for the most part,
my sex life is fine.
my sex life is fine.
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2733
大部分的時候，我的性生活很好。
09:41
The only issue that really comes up
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1809
唯一會出現的議題，
09:43
is that sometimes, sexual situations
bring up memories of doctors touching me,
bring up memories of doctors touching me,
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571823
5603
就是有時候，性情境會讓我
想起過去醫生觸碰我的記憶，
09:49
over and over again since I was 10.
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2516
從我十歲起，一而再
再而三地觸碰我。
再而三地觸碰我。
09:53
I've been really lucky to escape --
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3428
我很幸運，我逃脫了——
09:56
I didn't think I would get emotional --
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584887
2635
沒想到我現在還會
因此而情緒激動——
因此而情緒激動——
09:59
I've been really lucky to escape
the physical harm
the physical harm
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4142
我真的很幸運，
逃離了身體的傷害，
逃離了身體的傷害，
10:03
that comes from these
unnecessary surgeries.
unnecessary surgeries.
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591712
2698
沒有接受不必要的手術。
10:07
But no intersex person is free
from the emotional harm
from the emotional harm
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595792
3769
但，沒有一個陰陽人
沒受到情緒的傷害，
沒受到情緒的傷害，
10:11
that comes from living in a society
that tries to cover up your existence.
that tries to cover up your existence.
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4497
這傷害來自於生活在一個
試圖掩飾你存在的社會當中。
試圖掩飾你存在的社會當中。
10:17
Most of my intersex friends
have had operations like these.
have had operations like these.
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605752
3437
我大部分的陰陽人朋友
都接受過這類手術。
都接受過這類手術。
10:21
Oftentimes, they will remove
testes like mine,
testes like mine,
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609669
3298
通常，他們會把
跟我一樣情況的睪丸拿掉，
跟我一樣情況的睪丸拿掉，
10:24
even though my risk of testicular cancer
is lower than the risk of breast cancer
is lower than the risk of breast cancer
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612991
6031
即使我得到睪丸癌的風險
比一個無易染病體質和家庭病史的
10:31
in a typical woman with
no predisposition, no family history.
no predisposition, no family history.
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619046
5115
典型女性得乳癌的風險還低。
10:36
But we don't tell her
to remove her breasts, do we?
to remove her breasts, do we?
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624538
3226
但我們並不會叫她們
把乳房拿掉，對吧？
把乳房拿掉，對吧？
10:42
It's rare to meet an intersex person
that hasn't been operated on.
that hasn't been operated on.
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630149
3388
很少會遇到沒有
接受過手術的陰陽人。
接受過手術的陰陽人。
通常，這些手術的目的
是要改善陰陽孩子的生活，
是要改善陰陽孩子的生活，
10:48
Oftentimes, these surgeries are done
to improve intersex kids' lives,
to improve intersex kids' lives,
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636385
5091
10:53
but they usually end up
doing the opposite,
doing the opposite,
212
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2260
但通常結果卻是相反的，
10:55
causing more harm and complications,
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643784
3961
手術造成更多傷害和併發症，
10:59
both physical and emotional.
214
647769
1772
包括身體上和情緒上的。
11:04
I'm not saying that
doctors are bad or evil.
doctors are bad or evil.
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652689
3226
我並不是說醫生很壞或很邪惡，
11:07
It's just that we live in a society
that causes some doctors to "fix"
that causes some doctors to "fix"
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655939
4739
只是我們所處的社會，造成
一些醫生會要「修好」我們這樣的人，
一些醫生會要「修好」我們這樣的人，
11:12
those of us who don't fit
their definition of normal.
their definition of normal.
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3074
因為我們不符合他們對於正常的定義。
11:17
We're not problems that need to be fixed.
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665546
3071
我們並不是需要修好的問題，
11:21
We just live in a society
that needs to be enlightened.
that needs to be enlightened.
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669125
4042
我們只是生活在一個
需要被教導的社會中。
需要被教導的社會中。
11:26
One of the ways I'm doing that
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674329
1490
我的做法之一，
11:27
is by creating a genderless
puberty guidebook
puberty guidebook
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675843
3351
就是創造一本
無性別的青春期指南，
無性別的青春期指南，
11:31
that can teach kids
about their bodies as they grow up.
about their bodies as they grow up.
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679218
3261
在孩子成長的過程中，
教導他們關於身體的知識。
教導他們關於身體的知識。
11:34
Not their girl bodies
or their boy bodies --
or their boy bodies --
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2311
不是談女孩的身體，
或男孩的身體——
或男孩的身體——
11:36
just their bodies.
224
684838
1623
就只是談他們的身體。
11:38
We often place unrealistic expectations
on the things that our bodies do
on the things that our bodies do
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686950
3699
我們身體能做什麼，
不是我們能控制的，
不是我們能控制的，
但我們對此通常會有不實際的期望。
11:42
that are outside of our control.
226
690673
1738
11:44
I mean, if one man can grow
a full, luxurious, hipster beard,
a full, luxurious, hipster beard,
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692982
3468
如果一個男人可以長出
非常濃密的紳士鬍，
非常濃密的紳士鬍，
11:48
and the other can only grow
a few mustache hairs,
a few mustache hairs,
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696474
3587
另一個男人只能長出幾根鬍鬚，
11:52
what does that mean
about who they are as men?
about who they are as men?
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700085
2201
對這兩位男人是什麼人，
這有什麼意涵？
這有什麼意涵？
11:55
Nothing.
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703442
1150
沒有。
11:57
It literally, most likely, just means
231
705030
1810
這唯一的意涵就是，
11:58
that their hair follicles
respond to testosterone in different ways.
respond to testosterone in different ways.
232
706864
3354
他們的毛囊對於睪丸素
有不同的反應方式。
有不同的反應方式。
12:03
Yet, how many times have you heard
a man ashamed about something like this?
a man ashamed about something like this?
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711212
3861
但，你可曾聽過多少次，
男人對此感到羞恥？
男人對此感到羞恥？
12:10
Imagine a world where
we could live in a society
we could live in a society
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718519
3102
想像一個世界，我們所處的社會
12:13
that teaches us not to have shame
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721645
3307
能教導我們不要因為我們的身體
能做什麼或不能做什麼
而感到羞恥。
而感到羞恥。
12:16
about the things
that our bodies do or do not do.
that our bodies do or do not do.
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724976
3333
12:23
I want to change the way that we think
about biological sex in this society --
about biological sex in this society --
237
731776
4888
我想要改變這個社會中，
我們對於生理性別的看法——
我們對於生理性別的看法——
12:29
which is a lot to ask for.
238
737458
1734
這要求很多。
12:31
You could say it's ballsy, I guess.
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739935
1865
我想，你可以說
這要求很「帶種」。
這要求很「帶種」。
12:33
(Laughter)
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741824
2248
（笑聲）
12:36
But eventually we accepted
the world as round, right?
the world as round, right?
241
744987
3332
但，最終我們都接受
地球是圓的了，對吧？
地球是圓的了，對吧？
12:40
We no longer diagnose gay people
with mental disorders
with mental disorders
242
748795
3103
我們不再認為同性戀
是得了心理疾病，
是得了心理疾病，
12:43
or women with hysteria.
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751922
1746
不再認為女人是歇斯底里的。
12:46
We don't think epilepsy is caused
by the devil anymore, so that's cool.
by the devil anymore, so that's cool.
244
754629
4483
我們不再認為癲癇
是魔鬼造成的了，那很好。
是魔鬼造成的了，那很好。
12:51
(Laughter)
245
759136
1175
（笑聲）
12:52
We constantly change and evolve,
the more we understand as a society.
the more we understand as a society.
246
760335
3925
我們不斷在改變和進化，
我們這個社會了解的越來越多。
我們這個社會了解的越來越多。
12:57
And biological sex is on a spectrum.
247
765223
2113
生理性別指的是一個範圍，
12:59
It's not black or white.
248
767360
1324
它不是黑白二分法。
13:01
Not only could that knowledge
save intersex kids
save intersex kids
249
769430
2588
這項知識不僅能拯救陰陽孩子，
13:04
from physical and emotional harm,
250
772042
2117
讓他們免受身體和情緒的傷害，
13:06
I think it would help everyone else, too.
251
774183
2261
我認為，它也能幫助所有其他人。
13:09
Who here has ever felt
inadequate or ashamed
inadequate or ashamed
252
777532
3627
這裡有誰曾經感到過
格格不入或可恥，
格格不入或可恥，
13:13
because you weren't girly enough,
you were too girly,
you were too girly,
253
781183
3616
只因為你不夠像女孩、
你太像女孩、
你太像女孩、
13:16
you weren't manly enough, or too manly?
254
784823
2534
你不夠陽剛，或你太陽剛？
13:19
We constantly shame people
for not fitting into a box,
for not fitting into a box,
255
787998
3062
我們常會因為別人不符合
某種類型，就讓他感到羞愧，
某種類型，就讓他感到羞愧，
13:23
but the reality is,
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791084
1200
但，現實是，我們
讓他們感到羞愧，
讓他們感到羞愧，
13:24
I think we shame others
because it prevents them from seeing
because it prevents them from seeing
257
792308
3975
是因為這樣做能預防他們發現
13:28
that we don't fit
inside our boxes, either.
inside our boxes, either.
258
796307
2587
我們其實也不符合
我們所屬的類型。
我們所屬的類型。
13:31
And the truth is that
nobody actually fits in a box,
nobody actually fits in a box,
259
799689
3999
事實是，沒有任何人
能符合一種類型，
能符合一種類型，
13:35
because they don't exist.
260
803712
1666
因為類型並不存在。
13:37
This binary, this false male-female facade
is something we constructed,
is something we constructed,
261
805966
5540
這種二元性，這種
錯誤的男-女假象，
錯誤的男-女假象，
是我們建立出來的，
我們建立了我們自己。
我們建立了我們自己。
13:43
we built ourselves.
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13:44
But it doesn't have to exist.
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但它並不需要存在，
13:48
We can break it down.
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我們可以把它打破。
13:50
And that's what I want to do.
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那就是我想要做的。
13:54
Will you join me?
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你們願意加入我嗎？
謝謝。
13:57
Thanks.
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（掌聲）
13:58
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Emily Quinn - Artist, activist, authorEmily Quinn describes herself as "a ballsy intersex activist who uses humor and storytelling to create a more welcoming world for people who don’t fit in a box."
Why you should listen
At age 10, Emily Quinn learned she was intersex. As she writes: "Doctors said not to tell anyone, poking and prodding at me like I was a science experiment. It was lonely, shameful, and I had nowhere to turn. I needed someone to tell me that it would be OK, but no one was there.
"Fourteen years later, I discovered an intersex support group, meeting hundreds of intersex people who endured trauma like mine. I knew it had to stop. I was working at Cartoon Network and decided to help create the first intersex main character on television: Lauren on MTV's 'Faking It.' I publicly came out as intersex alongside her debut, and suddenly I was bombarded with interviews, appearing in content across the web. The impact was so great that I quit my job, created a YouTube channel, began speaking globally about intersex experiences, and am now writing a YA novel. In ways I could have never imagined, I became the person I needed as a kid -- showing myself that one day it would be OK."
Emily Quinn | Speaker | TED.com