TEDGlobal 2017
Keller Rinaudo: How we're using drones to deliver blood and save lives
Keler Rinaudo: Kako koristimo dronove da dostavimo krv i spasemo živote
Filmed:
Readability: 4.4
1,200,011 views
Keler Rinaudo želi da svi na svetu imaju pristup osnovnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti, bez obzira na to koliko je teško dopreti do njih. Sa njegovom novostvorenom kompanijom, „Ziplajn“, Rinaudo je stvorio prvog drona-dostavljača na svetu da radi na nacionalnom nivou, prevozeći krv i plazmu do pokretnih klinika u Istočnoj Africi sa flotom električnih autonomnih letilica. Saznajte kako Rinaudo i njegov tim rade kako bi transformisali zdravstvenu zaštitu u celom svetu, dok sve vreme inspirišu sledeću generaciju inženjera.
Keller Rinaudo - Robotics entrepreneur
Keller Rinaudo is CEO and co-founder of Zipline, building drone delivery for global public health customers. (He's also co-founder of Romotive, makers of the tiny robot, Romo.) Full bio
Keller Rinaudo is CEO and co-founder of Zipline, building drone delivery for global public health customers. (He's also co-founder of Romotive, makers of the tiny robot, Romo.) Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Most people think
0
857
2682
Većina ljudi misli
00:17
that new technology or advanced technology
can never start in Africa.
can never start in Africa.
1
5469
3759
da nova ili napredna tehnologija
ne može da ima svoje začetke u Africi.
ne može da ima svoje začetke u Africi.
00:22
Instead, they think that the best way
to help the continent advance
to help the continent advance
2
10149
3704
Umesto toga misle da je najbolji način
da se pomogne unapređivanju kontinenta
da se pomogne unapređivanju kontinenta
obezbeđivanjem pomoći ili usluga
00:25
is by providing aid or services
3
13877
2572
koje kontinent ne može
da obezbedi sam za sebe.
da obezbedi sam za sebe.
00:28
that the continent
can't provide for itself.
can't provide for itself.
4
16473
2650
00:31
So while we see advanced
technology like robotics
technology like robotics
5
19864
3329
Stoga, dok mi vidimo
naprednu tehnologiju,
naprednu tehnologiju,
kao što su roboti
i veštačka inteligencija,
i veštačka inteligencija,
00:35
and artificial intelligence
6
23217
1343
kako raste eksponencijalno
u razvijenom svetu,
u razvijenom svetu,
00:36
growing exponentially
in the developed world,
in the developed world,
7
24584
2808
00:39
those same people are worried
8
27416
1558
ti isti ljudi su zabrinuti
00:40
that a technologically backward
Africa is falling behind.
Africa is falling behind.
9
28998
3107
da tehnološki unazađena Afrika zaostaje.
00:45
That attitude couldn't be more wrong.
10
33190
2810
Ovaj stav je vrlo pogrešan.
00:49
I'm a robotics entrepreneur
who's spent a lot of time here in Africa.
who's spent a lot of time here in Africa.
11
37585
3420
Ja sam preduzetnik robotičar
koji je proveo mnogo vremena
ovde, u Africi.
ovde, u Africi.
00:53
And in 2014 we created Zipline,
12
41433
4320
Godine 2014. osnovali smo „Ziplajn“,
00:57
which is a company that uses
electric autonomous aircraft
electric autonomous aircraft
13
45777
4105
kompaniju koja koristi
električne autonomne letelice
električne autonomne letelice
da dostavi lekove bolnicama
i domovima zdravlja kada je to potrebno.
i domovima zdravlja kada je to potrebno.
01:01
to deliver medicine to hospitals
and health centers on demand.
and health centers on demand.
14
49906
3652
01:05
Last year, we launched the world's first
automated delivery system
automated delivery system
15
53582
4171
Prošle godine, lansirali smo prvi
automatizovani sistem za dostavu na svetu
automatizovani sistem za dostavu na svetu
01:09
operating at national scale.
16
57777
1682
koji radi na nacionalnom nivou.
01:11
And guess what?
17
59928
1234
I znate šta?
01:13
We did not do that in the US,
18
61692
2375
Nismo to uradili u SAD,
01:16
we didn't do it in Japan,
19
64661
1446
nismo to uradili u Japanu
01:18
and we didn't do it in Europe.
20
66131
1505
i nismo to uradili u Evropi.
01:20
It was actually President Paul Kagame
21
68035
3223
Predsednik Pol Kagame
01:23
and the Rwandan Ministry of Health
22
71282
2792
i ruandski ministar zdravlja
su u stvari bili ti
su u stvari bili ti
01:26
that made a big bet
on the potential of this technology
on the potential of this technology
23
74098
3346
koji su se kladili na potencijal
koji ova tehnologija ima
koji ova tehnologija ima
01:29
and signed a commercial contract
24
77468
1680
i potpisali komercijalni ugovor
da dostave veći deo tražene krvi u državi.
01:31
to deliver a majority
of the country's blood on demand.
of the country's blood on demand.
25
79172
3934
01:35
(Applause)
26
83695
2659
(Aplauz)
01:41
Yeah, they deserve the applause.
27
89395
1951
Da, oni zaslužuju aplauz.
01:44
So why is blood important?
28
92780
1776
Dakle, zašto je krv bitna?
01:46
Rwanda collects between 60- and 80,000
units of blood a year.
units of blood a year.
29
94580
3883
Ruanda godišnje sakupi
između 60 i 80 000 jedinica krvi.
između 60 i 80 000 jedinica krvi.
01:50
So this is a product
that when you need it,
that when you need it,
30
98487
2000
Stoga, ovo je proizvod
koji, kada vam treba,
koji, kada vam treba,
01:52
you really, really need it.
31
100511
1613
onda vam zaista, zaista treba.
01:54
But blood is also challenging,
32
102668
2151
Ipak, krv je takođe komplikovana
zato što ima kratak vek trajanja,
01:56
because it has a very short shelf life,
33
104843
2664
01:59
there are lots of different
storage requirements,
storage requirements,
34
107531
2646
mnogo različitih uslova za čuvanje
i zaista je veoma teško
predvideti potražnju
predvideti potražnju
02:02
and it's really hard to predict the demand
35
110201
2360
za sve različite krvne grupe
02:04
for all of these different blood groups
36
112585
1922
pre nego što pacijentu
u stvari zatreba neka.
u stvari zatreba neka.
02:06
before a patient actually needs something.
37
114531
2250
02:09
But the cool thing is
that using this technology,
that using this technology,
38
117477
2528
Ali, sjajna stvar je da je Ruanda,
koristeći ovu tehnologiju,
koristeći ovu tehnologiju,
02:12
Rwanda has been able to keep
more blood centralized
more blood centralized
39
120029
3532
uspela da čuva krv
na centralizovaniji način,
na centralizovaniji način,
02:15
and then provide it
when a patient needs something
when a patient needs something
40
123585
2711
te da je obezbedi
kada zatreba pacijentu,
kada zatreba pacijentu,
02:18
to any hospital or health center
in an average of just 20 or 30 minutes.
in an average of just 20 or 30 minutes.
41
126320
4234
bilo kojoj bolnici ili zdravstvenom
centru u roku od samo 20 ili 30 minuta.
centru u roku od samo 20 ili 30 minuta.
Da li hoćete da vidite kako to funcioniše?
02:23
Do you guys want to see how it works?
42
131032
1807
02:24
(Audience) Yes.
43
132863
1155
(Publika) Da.
02:26
All right. Nobody believes me,
so ... better to show.
so ... better to show.
44
134042
2919
Važi. Niko mi ne veruje,
pa bolje da vam pokažem.
pa bolje da vam pokažem.
Ovo je naš distributivni centar
02:28
This is our distribution center,
45
136985
1524
koji se nalazi na udaljenosti
od oko 20 kilometara od Kigalija.
od oko 20 kilometara od Kigalija.
02:30
which is about 20 kilometers
outside of Kigali.
outside of Kigali.
46
138533
3783
Pre devet meseci
ovo je bilo polje kukuruza,
ovo je bilo polje kukuruza,
02:34
This actually used to be a cornfield
nine months ago,
nine months ago,
47
142340
2948
koje smo sa ruandskom vladom izravnali
02:37
and with the Rwandan government,
48
145312
1525
02:38
we leveled it and built this center
in a couple weeks.
in a couple weeks.
49
146861
2714
i izgradili ovaj centar
za nekoliko nedelja.
za nekoliko nedelja.
02:41
So when a patient is having an emergency,
50
149599
2356
Stoga, kada pacijent ima hitan slučaj,
doktor ili medicinska sestra iz te bolnice
mogu nam se javiti putem Votsapa
mogu nam se javiti putem Votsapa
02:43
a doctor or a nurse at that hospital
can send us a WhatsApp,
can send us a WhatsApp,
51
151979
3320
02:47
telling us what they need.
52
155323
1641
i reći šta im je potrebno.
02:48
And then our team will immediately
spring into action.
spring into action.
53
156988
2765
Tada naš tim momentalno stupa u akciju.
Izvlačimo krv iz naših zaliha
02:51
We pull the blood from our stock,
54
159777
1678
koju dobijamo iz Nacionalnog centra
za transfuziju krvi;
za transfuziju krvi;
02:53
which is delivered from the National
Center for Blood Transfusion;
Center for Blood Transfusion;
55
161479
3191
skeniramo krv u naš sistem
02:56
we scan the blood into our system
56
164694
1838
tako da ministar zdravlja zna gde krv ide,
02:58
so the Ministry of Health
knows where the blood is going;
knows where the blood is going;
57
166556
3093
03:01
and then we'll basically
pack it into a Zip,
pack it into a Zip,
58
169673
2259
a onda je prosto spakujemo u zip,
03:03
which is what we call
these little autonomous airplanes
these little autonomous airplanes
59
171956
2720
što je naziv za ove
male autonomne letelice
male autonomne letelice
koje rade na baterije.
03:06
that run on batteries.
60
174700
1311
03:08
And then once that Zip is ready to go,
61
176035
2015
Kada je zip spreman da krene,
ubrzavamo ga sa nule na 100 km/h
03:10
we accelerate it from zero
to 100 kilometers an hour
to 100 kilometers an hour
62
178074
3207
u roku od pola sekunde.
03:13
in about half of a second.
63
181305
1460
03:18
(Audience) Whoa!
64
186711
1157
(Publika) Vau!
03:19
And from the moment it leaves
the end of the launcher,
the end of the launcher,
65
187892
2684
I od momenta kada poleti
sa kraja uređaja za lansiranje,
sa kraja uređaja za lansiranje,
potpuno je samostalan.
03:22
it's completely autonomous.
66
190600
1376
03:24
(Video: Air traffic controller
directs traffic)
directs traffic)
67
192000
2862
(Video: Kontrolor vazdušnog saobraćaja
upravlja saobraćajem)
upravlja saobraćajem)
03:26
This is our air traffic
controller calling it in
controller calling it in
68
194886
2379
Ovo je naš kontrolor saobraćaja
koji komunicira sa internacionalnim
aerodromom u Kigaliju.
aerodromom u Kigaliju.
03:29
to Kigali International Airport.
69
197289
1842
03:31
And when the Zip arrives at the hospital,
70
199155
1953
Kada zip stigne do bolnice,
spusti se na oko 9 metara i ispusti paket.
03:33
it descends to about 30 feet
and drops the package.
and drops the package.
71
201132
2724
Koristimo veoma prost papirni padobran -
jednostavne stvari su najbolje -
jednostavne stvari su najbolje -
03:35
We use a really simple paper parachute --
simple things are best --
simple things are best --
72
203880
3550
03:39
that allows the package to come
to the ground gently and reliably
to the ground gently and reliably
73
207454
3049
koji omogućava paketu
da sleti lagano i pouzdano
da sleti lagano i pouzdano
na isto mesto svaki put.
03:42
in the same place every time.
74
210527
1525
To je na neki način nešto
slično deljenju vožnje;
slično deljenju vožnje;
03:44
So it's just like ride sharing;
75
212425
2334
doktori minut pre nego što stignemo
dobiju poruku koja glasi:
dobiju poruku koja glasi:
03:46
the doctors get a text message
one minute before we arrive, saying,
one minute before we arrive, saying,
76
214783
3266
„Izađite i preuzmite vašu dostavu.“
03:50
"Walk outside and receive your delivery."
77
218073
1958
03:52
(Laughter)
78
220055
1067
(Smeh)
03:53
And then --
79
221146
1355
I tada -
03:54
(Applause)
80
222525
4414
(Aplauz)
04:01
and then the doctors have what they need
to save a patient's life.
to save a patient's life.
81
229892
3638
tada doktori imaju ono što im treba
kako bi spasili život pacijenta.
kako bi spasili život pacijenta.
04:05
This is actually watching a delivery
happen from our distribution center;
happen from our distribution center;
82
233554
3817
Sada gledamo kako se dostava odvija
iz našeg distributivnog centra.
iz našeg distributivnog centra.
Ovo vozilo je udaljeno oko 50 kilometara.
04:09
this vehicle is about 50 kilometers away.
83
237395
2623
04:12
We're able to watch the vehicle
as it makes a delivery at a hospital
as it makes a delivery at a hospital
84
240042
4031
Možemo da gledamo vozilo
kako vrši dostavu bolnici
kako vrši dostavu bolnici
04:16
in real time.
85
244097
1189
u stvarnom vremenu.
04:17
You may have noticed there are pings
86
245310
2230
Možda ste primetili krugove
04:19
that are coming off
of that vehicle on the screen.
of that vehicle on the screen.
87
247564
2552
oko tog vozila na ekranu.
To su u stvari paketi podataka
04:22
Those pings are actually data packets
88
250140
1777
koje dobijamo putem mobilne mreže.
04:23
that we're getting
over the cell phone networks.
over the cell phone networks.
89
251941
2281
04:26
So these planes have SIM cards
just like your cell phone does,
just like your cell phone does,
90
254246
3186
Ovi avioni imaju SIM kartice,
baš kao što ih i vaši telefoni imaju,
baš kao što ih i vaši telefoni imaju,
04:29
and they're communicating
over the cell network
over the cell network
91
257456
2201
a komuniciraju putem mobilne mreže
kako bi nas sve vreme
obaveštavali gde su i šta rade.
obaveštavali gde su i šta rade.
04:31
to tell us where they are
and how they're doing at all times.
and how they're doing at all times.
92
259681
2879
Verovali ili ne, mi kupujemo
porodične pakete -
porodične pakete -
04:34
Believe it or not,
we actually buy family plans --
we actually buy family plans --
93
262584
2420
(Smeh)
04:37
(Laughter)
94
265028
1010
za ovu flotu vozila,
04:38
for this fleet of vehicles,
95
266062
1356
jer tako dobijamo najjeftiniju ponudu.
04:39
because that's how we get the best rates.
96
267442
2047
04:41
(Laughter)
97
269513
1083
(Smeh)
04:42
It's actually not a joke.
98
270620
1416
Zapravo se ne šalim.
04:44
(Laughter)
99
272060
1487
(Smeh)
Danas dostavljamo oko 20 posto
04:47
So today, we're delivering
about 20 percent
about 20 percent
100
275700
3300
nacionalnih zaliha krvi Ruande
04:51
of the national blood supply of Rwanda
101
279024
2238
van Kigalija.
04:53
outside of Kigali.
102
281286
1456
04:55
We serve about 12 hospitals,
103
283339
1674
Snabdevamo oko 12 bolnica
04:57
and we're adding hospitals to that network
at an accelerating rate.
at an accelerating rate.
104
285037
3512
i ubrzanom stopom
dodajemo bolnice ovoj mreži.
dodajemo bolnice ovoj mreži.
Sve te bolnice dobijaju krv
samo na ovaj način
samo na ovaj način
05:00
All of those hospitals only receive
blood in this way,
blood in this way,
105
288573
3002
05:03
and most of those hospitals
actually place multiple orders every day.
actually place multiple orders every day.
106
291599
4231
i većina tih bolnica napravi
nekoliko porudžbina svakog dana.
nekoliko porudžbina svakog dana.
05:09
So the reason --
107
297289
1196
Stoga je poenta
05:10
in all of health care logistics,
108
298509
1526
cele ove zdravstvene zaštite
05:12
you're always trading off
waste against access.
waste against access.
109
300059
3050
stalno balansiranje
između protraćenog i dostupnog.
između protraćenog i dostupnog.
05:15
So if you want to solve waste,
you keep everything centralized.
you keep everything centralized.
110
303637
4071
Ako hoćete da smanjite uzaludno
rasipanje, držite sve centralizovano.
rasipanje, držite sve centralizovano.
05:19
As a result, when patients
are having emergencies,
are having emergencies,
111
307732
2990
Kao rezultat toga,
kada pacijent ima hitan slučaj,
kada pacijent ima hitan slučaj,
05:22
sometimes they don't have
the medical product they need.
the medical product they need.
112
310746
3090
bolnica ponekad nema
medicinski proizvod koji im je potreban.
medicinski proizvod koji im je potreban.
Ako želite da rešite problem dostupnosti,
napravite zalihe lekova na cilju,
napravite zalihe lekova na cilju,
05:25
If you want to solve access, you stock
a lot of medicine at the last mile,
a lot of medicine at the last mile,
113
313860
3479
05:29
at hospitals or health centers,
114
317363
1521
u bolnicama i domovima zdravlja
05:30
and then patients have
the medicine they need.
the medicine they need.
115
318908
2164
i tada pacijenti imaju lek koji im treba.
Međutim, na kraju bacite
previše lekova, što je veoma skupo.
previše lekova, što je veoma skupo.
05:33
But you end up throwing
a lot of medicine out,
a lot of medicine out,
116
321096
2172
05:35
which is very expensive.
117
323292
1203
Neverovatno je da je ruandska vlada uspela
05:36
What's so amazing is that the Rwandan
government has been able
government has been able
118
324519
2945
trajno da prekine ovaj krug.
05:39
to break this cycle permanently.
119
327488
2471
Pošto doktori mogu istog trenutka
da dobiju ono što im treba,
da dobiju ono što im treba,
05:41
Because doctors can get
what they need instantly,
what they need instantly,
120
329983
3448
oni prave manje zalihe krvi u bolnicama.
05:45
they actually stock
less blood at the hospitals.
less blood at the hospitals.
121
333455
2586
05:48
So although use of blood products
has increased substantially
has increased substantially
122
336818
3810
Tako, iako se upotreba
krvnih zaliha znatno povećala
krvnih zaliha znatno povećala
u svim bolnicama koje snabdevamo,
05:52
at all the hospitals we serve,
123
340652
1681
05:54
in the last nine months,
zero units of blood have expired
zero units of blood have expired
124
342357
4061
tokom zadnjih 9 meseci
nijednoj jedinici krvi nije istekao rok
nijednoj jedinici krvi nije istekao rok
05:58
at any of these hospitals.
125
346442
1785
u bilo kojoj od njih.
(Aplauz)
06:00
(Applause)
126
348579
3642
To je neverovatan rezultat.
06:06
That's an amazing result.
127
354666
1845
06:08
That's actually not been achieved
by any other health care system
by any other health care system
128
356535
3128
To nije postigao nijedan
zdravstveni sistem na planeti,
zdravstveni sistem na planeti,
06:11
on the planet,
129
359687
1154
a dogodilo se ovde.
06:12
and it happened here.
130
360865
1590
06:15
But obviously, when we're talking about
delivering medical products instantly,
delivering medical products instantly,
131
363375
4402
Kada govorimo o trenutnoj dostavi
medicinskih proizvoda,
medicinskih proizvoda,
06:19
the most important thing is patients.
132
367801
1838
naravno da su najbitnija stvar pacijenti.
06:22
Let me give you an example.
133
370267
2259
Dozvolite da vam pokažem primer.
06:24
A couple months ago, a 24-year-old mother
came into one of the hospitals
came into one of the hospitals
134
372550
3624
Pre par meseci, 24-godišnja majka
je došla u jednu od bolnica
je došla u jednu od bolnica
koje snabdevamo
06:28
that we serve,
135
376198
1168
i porodila se putem carskog reza,
06:29
and she gave birth via C-section.
136
377390
1714
06:31
But that led to complications,
and she started to bleed.
and she started to bleed.
137
379749
2944
ali je to dovelo do komplikacija
i počela je da krvari.
i počela je da krvari.
06:35
Luckily, the doctors had some blood
of her blood type on hand
of her blood type on hand
138
383366
3892
Srećom, doktori su imali nekoliko
jedinica njene krvne grupe pri ruci
jedinica njene krvne grupe pri ruci
koju je redovno dostavljao „Ziplajn“,
06:39
that had been delivered
via Zipline's routine service,
via Zipline's routine service,
139
387282
2960
06:42
and so they transfused her
with a couple units of blood.
with a couple units of blood.
140
390266
3027
te je ona primila nekoliko jedinica krvi.
Ipak, iskrvarila je tih par
jedinica za oko 10 minuta.
jedinica za oko 10 minuta.
06:45
But she bled out of those units
in about 10 minutes.
in about 10 minutes.
141
393317
2660
06:49
In this case, that mother's life
is in grave danger --
is in grave danger --
142
397199
4306
U ovom slučaju, ta majka
je u životnoj opasnosti
je u životnoj opasnosti
06:53
in any hospital in the world.
143
401529
2091
u bilo kojoj bolnici na svetu.
06:56
But luckily, the doctors
who were taking care of her
who were taking care of her
144
404952
2941
Srećom, doktori
koji su bili zaduženi za nju
koji su bili zaduženi za nju
istog su trena pozvali
naš centar za distribuciju,
naš centar za distribuciju,
06:59
immediately called
our distribution center,
our distribution center,
145
407917
2377
izvršili hitnu porudžbinu,
07:02
they placed an emergency order,
146
410318
2090
07:04
and our team actually did emergency
delivery after emergency delivery
delivery after emergency delivery
147
412432
4412
te je naš tim obavio hitne dostave,
jednu za drugom.
jednu za drugom.
07:08
after emergency delivery.
148
416868
1698
07:10
They ended up sending
seven units of red blood cells,
seven units of red blood cells,
149
418590
2544
Na kraju su poslali
sedam jedinica eritrocita,
sedam jedinica eritrocita,
četiri jedinice plazme
07:13
four units of plasma
150
421158
1314
i dve jedinice trombocita.
07:14
and two units of platelets.
151
422496
1325
To je više krvi nego što imate
u celom organizmu.
u celom organizmu.
07:15
That's more blood than you have
in your entire body.
in your entire body.
152
423845
2703
07:19
All of it was transfused into her,
153
427164
2054
Ona je primila svu tu krv,
07:21
the doctors were able to stabilize her,
154
429242
2159
doktori su uspeli da je stabilizuju
07:23
and she is healthy today.
155
431425
2233
i ona je danas zdrava.
(Aplauz)
07:26
(Applause)
156
434095
2868
07:32
Since we launched, we've done about 400
emergency deliveries like that,
emergency deliveries like that,
157
440645
4872
Otkad smo osnovani, izvršili smo
oko 400 takvih hitnih dostava,
oko 400 takvih hitnih dostava,
a slična priča se krije
iza većine takvih hitnih slučajeva.
iza većine takvih hitnih slučajeva.
07:37
and there's a story like that one
behind most of those emergencies.
behind most of those emergencies.
158
445541
3263
Ovde je prikazano nekoliko mama
07:40
Here are just a couple of the moms
159
448828
1839
koje su primile transfuziju na ovaj način
07:42
who have received transfusions in this way
160
450691
2145
u prethodnih par meseci.
07:44
in the last couple months.
161
452860
1528
07:47
We're always reminded: when we can help
a doctor save a mom's life,
a doctor save a mom's life,
162
455132
4100
To nas stalno podseća da, kada pomognemo
doktoru da spasi život majke,
doktoru da spasi život majke,
ne spašavamo samo njen život.
07:51
it's not just her life that you're saving.
163
459256
2475
07:53
That's also a baby boy or a baby girl
164
461755
3091
Tu su i dečak ili devojčica
07:56
who has a mother while they're growing up.
165
464870
2494
koji će imati majku dok odrastaju.
(Aplauz)
08:00
(Applause)
166
468757
2969
Ali, želim da budem jasan:
08:05
But I want to be clear:
167
473507
1247
08:06
postpartum hemorrhaging --
it's not a Rwanda problem,
it's not a Rwanda problem,
168
474778
2582
postporođajno krvarenje
nije problem Ruande,
nije problem Ruande,
to nije problem sa zemljama u razvoju;
to je globalni problem.
to je globalni problem.
08:09
it's not a developing-world problem --
169
477384
1847
08:11
this is a global problem.
170
479255
1221
Zdravlje majki je izazov svuda.
08:12
Maternal health is a challenge everywhere.
171
480500
2061
Glavna razlika je to
što je Ruanda prva zemlja
što je Ruanda prva zemlja
08:14
The main difference is that
Rwanda was the first country
Rwanda was the first country
172
482585
2923
koja je iskoristila inovativnu tehnologiju
da uradi nešto po tom pitanju.
da uradi nešto po tom pitanju.
08:17
to use radical technology
to do something about it.
to do something about it.
173
485532
3227
08:20
And that's the reason this attitude
of Africa being disrupted
of Africa being disrupted
174
488783
4304
I to je razlog zašto je verovanje
da je Afrika zaostala,
da je Afrika zaostala,
da nema naprednu tehnologiju
08:25
or advanced technology not working here
175
493111
1913
ili da joj je potrebna pomoć
08:27
or needing aid
176
495048
1178
08:28
is so totally wrong.
177
496250
1385
u potpunosti pogrešno.
08:29
Africa can be the disrupter.
178
497659
2094
Afrika može biti pionir.
08:32
These small, agile, developing economies
can out-innovate large, rich ones.
can out-innovate large, rich ones.
179
500423
5259
Ove male, žustre ekonomije u razvoju
mogu biti inovativnije od razvijenih.
mogu biti inovativnije od razvijenih.
08:37
And they can totally leapfrog over
the absence of legacy infrastructure
the absence of legacy infrastructure
180
505706
3880
I mogu u potpunosti da preskoče
zastarele infrastrukture
zastarele infrastrukture
08:41
to go straight to newer
and better systems.
and better systems.
181
509610
2098
i pređu direktno na novije
i bolje sisteme.
i bolje sisteme.
08:44
In 2000,
182
512237
1442
Da ste 2000. godine
08:45
if you had said that high-quality
cellular networks were about to roll out
cellular networks were about to roll out
183
513703
3816
rekli da će se visokokvalitetna
mobilna mreža širiti svuda po Africi,
mobilna mreža širiti svuda po Africi,
08:49
across all of Africa,
184
517543
1236
ljudi bi vam rekli da ste poludeli.
08:50
people would have told you
that you were crazy.
that you were crazy.
185
518803
2666
08:53
And yet, no one anticipated
186
521493
2976
A opet, niko nije mogao da predvidi
koliko brzo će ove mreže
da povežu i osposobe ljude.
da povežu i osposobe ljude.
08:56
how fast those networks were going
to connect and empower people.
to connect and empower people.
187
524493
4434
09:00
Today, 44 percent of the GDP of Kenya
flows through M-Pesa,
flows through M-Pesa,
188
528951
3926
Danas, 44 posto BDP-a Kenije
ide preko Empese,
ide preko Empese,
njihove platforme za mobilno plaćanje.
09:04
their mobile payment platform.
189
532901
1673
09:06
And not only that,
190
534598
1308
I ne samo to,
već se i naša flota autonomnih letilica
oslanja na tu mobilnu mrežu.
oslanja na tu mobilnu mrežu.
09:07
but our autonomous fleet of vehicles
relies on that cellular network.
relies on that cellular network.
191
535930
3596
09:11
Over the next few years as we start
serving private health care facilities,
serving private health care facilities,
192
539550
3894
Prvih par godina od kako smo počeli
da snabdevamo
privatne zdravstvene ustanove,
privatne zdravstvene ustanove,
koristili smo i tu platformu za plaćanje,
09:15
we'll also use that mobile
payment platform
payment platform
193
543468
2270
09:17
to collect fees for deliveries.
194
545762
1665
da prikupimo naknade za dostavu.
09:19
So innovation leads to more innovation
leads to more innovation.
leads to more innovation.
195
547965
3785
Stoga inovacija dovodi do još inovacija,
što dovodi do još inovacija.
što dovodi do još inovacija.
09:23
And meanwhile,
196
551774
1855
U međuvremenu,
09:25
most people who live
in developed economies
in developed economies
197
553653
3006
veći deo ljudi koji žive
u razvijenim zemljama
u razvijenim zemljama
09:28
think that drone delivery
is technologically impossible,
is technologically impossible,
198
556683
3770
misle da je dostava putem dronova
tehnološki nemoguća,
tehnološki nemoguća,
09:32
let alone happening
at national scale in East Africa.
at national scale in East Africa.
199
560477
3214
a kamoli da se odvija
na nacionalnom nivou u istočnoj Africi.
na nacionalnom nivou u istočnoj Africi.
09:36
And I do mean East Africa,
not just Rwanda.
not just Rwanda.
200
564335
3378
Zaista i mislim na istočnu Afriku,
a ne samo Ruandu.
a ne samo Ruandu.
09:40
On Thursday, just a couple days ago,
201
568483
2270
U četvrtak, pre samo par dana,
09:42
the Tanzanian Ministry of Health announced
202
570777
2559
tanzanijski ministar zdravlja je objavio
09:45
that they are going to use
this same technology
this same technology
203
573360
2732
da će i oni početi da koriste
ovu istu tehnologiju
ovu istu tehnologiju
09:48
to provide instant delivery
of a wide range of medical products
of a wide range of medical products
204
576116
3588
kako bi omogućili da trenutnu dostavu
različitih medicinskih proizvoda
različitih medicinskih proizvoda
09:51
to 10 million of the hardest to reach
people in the country.
people in the country.
205
579728
3679
ima čak 10 miliona ljudi koji žive
u teško dostupnim krajevima u državi.
u teško dostupnim krajevima u državi.
09:55
(Applause)
206
583789
3219
(Aplauz)
10:02
It's actually going to be the largest
autonomous system anywhere in the world.
autonomous system anywhere in the world.
207
590387
4214
Ovo će postati najveći
autonomni sistem u celom svetu.
autonomni sistem u celom svetu.
10:06
To give you a sense
of what this looks like,
of what this looks like,
208
594625
2099
Da bih vam približio kako to izgleda,
ovo je jedan od prvih
distributivnih centara.
distributivnih centara.
10:08
this is one of the first
distribution centers.
distribution centers.
209
596748
2198
Možete da vidite prečnik zone usluge
od 75 kilometara oko distributivnog centra
od 75 kilometara oko distributivnog centra
10:10
You can see a 75-kilometer service radius
around the distribution center,
around the distribution center,
210
598970
3554
10:14
and that allows us to serve hundreds
of health facilities and hospitals,
of health facilities and hospitals,
211
602548
3548
i on nam je omogućio da služimo
stotine domova zdravlja i bolnica,
stotine domova zdravlja i bolnica,
od kojih su svi ruralni,
10:18
all of which are rural,
212
606120
1266
iz tog jednog distributivnog centra.
10:19
from that single distribution center.
213
607410
1893
Ali, da bismo snabdevali
preko 20 posto populacije Tanzanije
preko 20 posto populacije Tanzanije
10:21
But to serve over 20 percent
of the population of Tanzania,
of the population of Tanzania,
214
609327
3036
10:24
we're going to need
multiple distribution centers.
multiple distribution centers.
215
612387
2459
biće nam potrebno
više distributivnih centara.
više distributivnih centara.
Trebaće nam u stvari četiri.
10:26
We'll actually need four.
216
614870
1341
10:28
And from these distribution centers,
217
616235
2037
I iz svih ovih distributivnih centara
10:30
we expect to be doing several hundred
lifesaving deliveries every day,
lifesaving deliveries every day,
218
618296
5238
očekujemo da obavljamo nekoliko stotina
spasilačkih dostava svakog dana,
spasilačkih dostava svakog dana,
10:35
and this system will ultimately serve
over 1,000 health facilities
over 1,000 health facilities
219
623558
4239
a ovaj sistem će naposletku snabdevati
preko 1 000 zdravstvenih ustanova
preko 1 000 zdravstvenih ustanova
i bolnica u zemlji.
10:39
and hospitals in the country.
220
627821
1850
10:41
So yeah, East Africa
is moving really fast.
is moving really fast.
221
629695
3095
Da, istočna Afrika
napreduje izuzetno brzo.
napreduje izuzetno brzo.
10:47
One thing that people, I think, often miss
222
635179
2784
Smatram da jednu stvar
ljudi najčešće previde,
ljudi najčešće previde,
10:49
is that these kinds of leaps
generate compounding gains.
generate compounding gains.
223
637987
3232
a to je da ovakvi skokovi
ostvaruju višestruku dobit.
ostvaruju višestruku dobit.
10:53
For example, Rwanda, by investing
in this infrastructure for health care,
in this infrastructure for health care,
224
641243
4585
Ruanda, na primer, zato što je uložila
u ovaj sistem zdravstvene zaštite
u ovaj sistem zdravstvene zaštite
10:57
now has an aerial logistics network
that they can use
that they can use
225
645852
3885
sada ima vazdušnu logističku mrežu
koju mogu da koriste
koju mogu da koriste
da unaprede ostale delove
njihove ekonomije,
njihove ekonomije,
11:01
to catalyze other parts of their economy,
226
649761
3383
kao što su agrikultura ili e-trgovina.
11:05
like agriculture or e-commerce.
227
653168
2062
11:07
Even more importantly,
228
655254
1287
Što je još bitnije,
11:08
100 percent of the teams we hire
at these distribution centers are local.
at these distribution centers are local.
229
656565
5292
100 posto timova koje zapošljavamo
u ovim centrima su lokalni.
u ovim centrima su lokalni.
11:13
So here's our Rwandan team,
230
661881
1680
Dakle, evo našeg ruandskog tima,
11:15
which is a group of extraordinary
engineers and operators.
engineers and operators.
231
663585
3380
koji predstavlja grupu izuzetnih
inženjera i operatera.
inženjera i operatera.
11:19
They run the world's only
automated delivery system
automated delivery system
232
667489
5303
Oni upravljaju jedinim svetskim
autonomnim sistemom za dostavu
autonomnim sistemom za dostavu
koji funkcioniše na nacionalnom nivou.
11:24
operating at national scale.
233
672816
1633
11:27
They have been able to master something
234
675099
2203
Oni su uspeli da ovladaju nečim
11:29
that the largest technology
companies in the world
companies in the world
235
677326
2873
što najveće tehnološke
kompanije na svetu
kompanije na svetu
još nisu uspele da prokljuve.
11:32
have not yet been able to figure out.
236
680223
2008
11:34
So they are total heroes.
237
682679
1597
Dakle, pravi su heroji.
11:36
(Applause)
238
684300
2996
(Aplauz)
11:41
They're total heroes.
239
689015
1467
Oni su pravi heroji.
11:42
Our team's mission is to deliver
basic access to medicine
basic access to medicine
240
690971
4414
Misija našeg tima je da obezbede
da osnovni pristup lekovima
da osnovni pristup lekovima
imaju svih sedam milijardi
ljudi na planeti,
ljudi na planeti,
11:47
to all seven billion people on the planet,
241
695409
2089
bez obzira na to koliko je teško
dopreti do njih.
dopreti do njih.
11:49
no matter how hard it is to reach them.
242
697522
2239
11:51
We often tell people about that mission,
243
699785
1955
Često govorimo ljudima o toj misiji,
a oni odgovaraju: „To je jako velikodušno
od vas, veoma humano.“
od vas, veoma humano.“
11:53
and they say, "That's so generous
of you, it's so philanthropic."
of you, it's so philanthropic."
244
701764
3119
Ne!
11:56
No!
245
704907
1362
11:58
Philanthropy has nothing to do with it.
246
706293
2030
Humanost nema ništa sa tim.
12:00
Because of the commercial contracts
that we sign with ministries of health,
that we sign with ministries of health,
247
708347
3614
Zbog komercijalnih ugovora
koje potpisujemo sa ministrima zdravlja,
koje potpisujemo sa ministrima zdravlja,
ove mreže su 100 posto održive i merljive.
12:03
these networks are 100 percent
sustainable and scalable.
sustainable and scalable.
248
711985
3567
12:08
And the reason we feel so strongly
about correcting that misperception
about correcting that misperception
249
716019
3563
Razlog zbog kog imamo snažnu potrebu
da ispravimo ovo pogrešno viđenje
da ispravimo ovo pogrešno viđenje
12:11
is that entrepreneurship
is the only force in human history
is the only force in human history
250
719606
3055
je to što je preduzetništvo
jedina sila u ljudskoj istoriji
jedina sila u ljudskoj istoriji
koja je uzdigla milione ljudi
iz siromaštva.
iz siromaštva.
12:14
that has lifted millions
of people out of poverty.
of people out of poverty.
251
722685
2721
(Aplauz)
12:17
(Applause)
252
725430
2765
12:21
No amount of foreign aid
is going to sustainably employ
is going to sustainably employ
253
729987
3873
Nijedna količina inostrane pomoći
neće dugoročno zaposliti
neće dugoročno zaposliti
12:25
250 million African youth.
254
733884
2951
250 miliona pripadnika omladine u Africi.
12:30
And the jobs that these kids
may have gotten 10 years ago
may have gotten 10 years ago
255
738734
4468
A poslovi koje su ova deca možda
dobila pre 10 godina
dobila pre 10 godina
većinom su automatizovani
12:35
are largely being automated
256
743226
1438
ili se drastično menjaju zbog tehnologije.
12:36
or are being changed
dramatically by technology.
dramatically by technology.
257
744688
2457
12:39
So they are looking for new skill sets,
258
747169
2162
Dakle, oni traže novi sklop veština,
12:41
new competitive advantages.
259
749355
1568
nove konkurentske prednosti.
12:42
They're looking for start-ups.
260
750947
1547
Oni traže start-ap preduzeća.
12:45
So why aren't there more start-ups
that are tackling these global problems
that are tackling these global problems
261
753097
5696
Zašto onda ne postoji više ovakvih firmi,
koje se bave ovakvim globalnim problemima
koje se bave ovakvim globalnim problemima
12:50
that are faced by billions of people
in developing economies?
in developing economies?
262
758817
3073
sa kojima su suočene milijarde ljudi
u zemljama u razvoju?
u zemljama u razvoju?
12:54
The reason is that investors
and entrepreneurs are totally blind
and entrepreneurs are totally blind
263
762933
3064
Razlog je to što su investitori
i preduzetnici u potpunosti slepi
i preduzetnici u potpunosti slepi
12:58
to the opportunity.
264
766021
1278
kada je reč o prilikama.
12:59
We think these problems are the domain
of NGOs or governments,
of NGOs or governments,
265
767323
4353
Mi smatramo da su ovi problemi nešto čime
se bave nevladine organizacije ili vlade,
se bave nevladine organizacije ili vlade,
13:03
not private companies.
266
771700
1538
a ne privatne kompanije.
13:05
That's what we have to change.
267
773262
1856
To je nešto što moramo da promenimo.
13:09
You may have noticed
I left something out of the video
I left something out of the video
268
777693
2787
Možda ste primetili da sam
nešto izostavio u snimku
nešto izostavio u snimku
13:12
that I showed you.
269
780504
1526
koji sam vam pokazao.
13:14
I didn't show you how the planes land
270
782054
1845
Nisam vam pokazao kako avioni sleću
kada se vrate u distributivni centar.
13:15
when they get back
to the distribution center.
to the distribution center.
271
783923
2549
13:18
So, it might be obvious to you:
272
786496
2680
Možda vam je očigledno da nijedan
od naših aviona nema opremu za sletanje.
od naših aviona nema opremu za sletanje.
13:21
none of our planes have landing gear.
273
789200
1812
Nemamo ni piste za sletanje
na kojima radimo.
na kojima radimo.
13:23
We also don't have runways
where we operate.
where we operate.
274
791036
2096
13:25
So we have to be able
to decelerate the plane
to decelerate the plane
275
793156
2210
Moramo da budemo u stanju
da usporimo avion
da usporimo avion
koji ide brzinom od oko 100 km/h
do nule u roku od pola sekunde.
do nule u roku od pola sekunde.
13:27
from about 100 kilometers an hour
to zero in half of a second.
to zero in half of a second.
276
795390
3372
13:30
And the way we do that
277
798786
1570
A to radimo tako što koristimo
provodnik koji prati avion dok dolazi
provodnik koji prati avion dok dolazi
13:32
is we actually use a wire that tracks
that plane as it comes in,
that plane as it comes in,
278
800380
3748
sa milimetarskom preciznošću.
13:36
with centimeter-level accuracy.
279
804152
1813
13:37
We snag the plane out of the sky,
280
805989
2111
Mi ulovimo avion u letu
13:40
and then we gently plop it
onto an actively inflated cushion.
onto an actively inflated cushion.
281
808124
3508
i onda ga lagano oborimo
u naduvani jastuk.
u naduvani jastuk.
13:44
This is basically a combination
of an aircraft carrier
of an aircraft carrier
282
812419
2651
Ovo je bukvalno kombinacija
nosača aviona i dvorca na naduvavanje.
nosača aviona i dvorca na naduvavanje.
13:47
and a bouncy castle.
283
815094
1168
(Smeh)
13:48
(Laughter)
284
816286
1150
13:50
So let me show you.
285
818063
1434
Dozvolite da vam pokažem.
13:58
(Laughter)
286
826060
2040
(Smeh)
14:00
(Applause)
287
828773
3282
(Aplauz)
14:06
And it might be obvious to you
why I wanted to end with this video.
why I wanted to end with this video.
288
834990
3236
Možda je očigledno zašto sam želeo
da završim sa ovim snimkom.
da završim sa ovim snimkom.
Želeo sam da vam pokažem
decu i tinejdžere
decu i tinejdžere
14:10
I wanted to show you the kids
and the teenagers
and the teenagers
289
838250
2207
koji svaki dan stoje na ogradi.
14:12
who line up on the fence every day.
290
840481
2235
14:15
They cheer every launch and every landing.
291
843509
2686
Oni bodre svako lansiranje
i svako sletanje.
i svako sletanje.
14:18
(Laughter)
292
846219
1310
(Smeh)
14:19
(Applause)
293
847553
2418
(Aplauz)
14:24
Sometimes I actually show up
at the distribution center early
at the distribution center early
294
852436
2874
Ponekad, kada ne mogu da spavam
zbog različitih vremenskih zona,
zbog različitih vremenskih zona,
14:27
because I'm jet-lagged.
295
855334
1164
dođem ranije u centar.
14:28
I'll show up an hour before
we begin operation.
we begin operation.
296
856522
2293
Pojavim se i do sat vremena
pre nego što počnemo,
pre nego što počnemo,
14:30
And there will be kids on the fence
getting good seats.
getting good seats.
297
858839
2640
a deca se već okupljaju oko ograde
da zauzmu dobra mesta.
da zauzmu dobra mesta.
14:33
(Laughter)
298
861503
1210
(Smeh)
14:34
And you go up and you ask them,
299
862737
1526
Kada im priđete i pitate ih:
„Šta mislite o avionima?“
„Šta mislite o avionima?“
14:36
"What do you think about the planes?"
300
864287
1819
odgovoriće vam: „To je leteća ambulanta.“
14:38
And they'll say, "Oh,
it's a sky ambulance."
it's a sky ambulance."
301
866130
2129
14:41
So they get it.
302
869757
1151
Znači, shvatili su.
14:42
I mean, they get it more than most adults.
303
870932
2031
Mislim, razumeju bolje
od većine odraslih.
od većine odraslih.
14:45
So I was asking earlier:
304
873917
1268
Ranije sam pitao
14:47
Who is going to be creating the disruptive
technology companies of Africa
technology companies of Africa
305
875209
5758
ko će osnivati kompanije
inovativne tehnologije u Africi
inovativne tehnologije u Africi
14:52
over the next decade?
306
880991
1482
tokom sledeće decenije.
14:54
Ultimately, it's going
to be up to these kids.
to be up to these kids.
307
882987
2529
Naposletku, sve ostaje na ovoj deci.
14:58
They are the engineers
of Rwanda and Africa.
of Rwanda and Africa.
308
886694
3893
Oni su inženjeri Ruande i Afrike.
15:02
They are the engineers
of our shared future.
of our shared future.
309
890997
2688
Oni su inženjeri naše
zajedničke budućnosti,
zajedničke budućnosti,
15:07
But the only way they can build
that future is if we realize
that future is if we realize
310
895326
3758
ali jedini način da izgrade
tu budućnost je da shvatimo
tu budućnost je da shvatimo
15:11
that world-changing companies
can scale in Africa,
can scale in Africa,
311
899108
3483
da se kompanije koje menjaju svet
mogu razvijati u Africi
mogu razvijati u Africi
15:14
and that disruptive technology
can start here first.
can start here first.
312
902615
3627
i da inovativna tehnologija
može krenuti odavde.
može krenuti odavde.
15:18
Thanks.
313
906822
1151
Hvala.
15:19
(Applause)
314
907997
3889
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Keller Rinaudo - Robotics entrepreneurKeller Rinaudo is CEO and co-founder of Zipline, building drone delivery for global public health customers. (He's also co-founder of Romotive, makers of the tiny robot, Romo.)
Why you should listen
As CEO and co-founder of Zipline, a drone delivery company focused on health care, Keller Rinaudo works with the country of Rwanda to make last-mile deliveries of blood to half of the transfusing facilities in the country. The ultimate goal is to put each of the 12 million citizens of Rwanda within a 15–30 minute delivery of any essential medical product they need, no matter where they live.
Zipline is also working with GAVI, UPS, USAID and several other countries in East Africa. The company is a team of 60 aerospace and software engineers headquartered in San Francisco, CA. It's funded by Sequoia Capital, Google Ventures, Paul Allen, Jerry Yang and Stanford University. Rinaudo is also a professional rock climber ranked top 10 in sport climbing. He has scaled alpine cliffs in France, underwater caves in Kentucky and the limestone towers of Yangshuo, China.
Keller Rinaudo | Speaker | TED.com