TEDGlobal 2017
Peter Ouko: From death row to law graduate
彼得·奥科: 从死囚犯到法学毕业生
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,026,393 views
彼得·奥科在肯尼亚的卡米缇监狱被关了18年，有时与另外13名成年男子一起关在一间牢房里，每天23个半小时。 在这场感人的演讲中，他讲述了自己如何获得自由的故事——以及他目前在非洲监狱项目中的使命：成立第一所监狱中的法律学校，给监狱里的人带来力量以推动积极的改革。
Peter Ouko - Prison reform advocate
Pete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa. Full bio
Pete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want to tell you a story about Manson.
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我想给大家讲讲曼森的故事。
曼森是个28岁的室内设计师，
00:17
Manson was this 28-year-old
interior designer,
interior designer,
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育有一个可爱的女儿
00:21
a father to a loving daughter,
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和一个儿子，
00:23
and a son
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他由于腐朽的司法系统
而身陷囹圄。
而身陷囹圄。
00:25
who found himself behind bars
due to a broken-down judicial system.
due to a broken-down judicial system.
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00:30
He was framed for a murder
he didn't commit
he didn't commit
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他被陷害一宗并不是
他犯下的谋杀罪，
他犯下的谋杀罪，
并被判处绞刑。
00:33
and was sentenced to the gallows.
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00:36
There were two victims of this murder --
the victim who actually died in the murder
the victim who actually died in the murder
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这件谋杀案有两名受害者——
真正死于谋杀案的死者，
真正死于谋杀案的死者，
还有曼森，
00:40
and Manson, who had been
sentenced to prison
sentenced to prison
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因为他不是作案人却被判入狱。
00:43
for an offense which he did not commit.
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00:47
He was locked up in a cell,
eight by seven,
eight by seven,
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他被关进一间牢房，8x7大，
还有另外13名成年男人，
00:49
with 13 other grown-up men
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00:52
for 23 and a half hours a day.
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每天关23个半小时。
00:55
Food was not guaranteed that you'd get.
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食物没有保障。
00:59
And I remember yesterday,
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我记得昨天，
在我走进我的房间时，
01:00
as I walked into the room where I was,
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我想象着曼森身处的那间牢房。
01:04
I imagined the kind of cell
that Manson would have been living in.
that Manson would have been living in.
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因为厕所——
01:07
Because the toilet --
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那一排小隔间
01:09
The row of the small rooms
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比8x7的牢房还稍微大一点。
01:10
that were there were slightly bigger
than the eight-by-seven cell.
than the eight-by-seven cell.
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01:14
But being in that cell
as he awaited the executioner --
as he awaited the executioner --
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但是当他在那间牢房里
等待行刑的时候——
等待行刑的时候——
在监狱里，他没有名字——
01:17
because in prison,
he did not have a name --
he did not have a name --
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01:20
Manson was known by a number.
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曼森是一个编号。
01:22
He was just a statistic.
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他只是一个数字。
01:25
He did not know how long he would wait.
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他不知道会等多久。
01:28
The wait could have been a minute,
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那等待可能是一分钟，
行刑可能下一分钟就会发生，
01:30
the executioner could have come
the next minute,
the next minute,
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或者第二天，
01:32
the next day,
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又或者要等30年。
01:33
or it could have taken 30 years.
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01:37
The wait had no end.
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等待没有终点。
01:40
And in the midst of the excruciating pain,
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而在曼森所面临的极度痛苦、
精神折磨、
01:43
the mental torture,
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01:46
the many unanswered questions
that Manson faced,
that Manson faced,
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许多悬而未决的问题中，
01:50
he knew he was not
going to play the victim.
going to play the victim.
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他知道他不会甘做受害者。
他拒绝扮演受害者的角色。
01:53
He refused to play the role of the victim.
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01:56
He was angry at the justice system
that had put him behind bars.
that had put him behind bars.
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他对那个把他关进监狱的
司法系统感到愤怒。
司法系统感到愤怒。
02:01
But he knew the only way
he could change that justice system
he could change that justice system
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但是他知道改变司法制度或
帮助别人伸张正义的唯一方法
02:04
or help other people get justice
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就是不要扮演受害者。
02:06
was not to play the victim.
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02:09
Change came to Manson
when he decided to embrace forgiveness
when he decided to embrace forgiveness
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当曼森决定宽恕那些
把他送进监狱的人时，
把他送进监狱的人时，
他变了。
02:13
for those who had put him in prison.
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02:17
I speak that as a fact.
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我说的这些是事实。
02:20
Because I know who Manson is.
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因为我知道曼森是谁，
02:24
I am Manson.
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我就是曼森。
02:26
My real name is Peter Manson Ouko.
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我的全名是彼得·曼森·奥科。
02:30
And after my conviction,
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在我定罪之后，
在宽恕的心觉醒之后，
02:31
after that awakening of forgiveness,
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02:35
I had this move
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我开始行动
02:37
to help change the system.
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来帮助改变这个制度。
02:40
I already decided I was not
going to be a victim anymore.
going to be a victim anymore.
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我已经决定自己不再做受害者了。
02:44
But how was I going to help
change a system
change a system
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但是我怎样才能帮助
改变这个每天
02:46
that was bringing in
younger inmates every day
younger inmates every day
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把本应和家人在一起的
年轻人关进监狱的制度呢？
年轻人关进监狱的制度呢？
02:49
who deserve to be with their families?
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02:52
So I started mobilizing my colleagues
in prison, my fellow inmates,
in prison, my fellow inmates,
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于是我开始动员监狱里的
同事——我的狱友们
同事——我的狱友们
写信和备忘录给司法系统、
02:56
to write letters and memoranda
to the justice system,
to the justice system,
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给司法服务委员会、
03:00
to the Judicial Service Commission,
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给我们的国家肯尼亚设立的
03:03
the numerous task forces
that had been set up
that had been set up
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众多权力机构，
03:06
in our country, Kenya,
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以帮助改变宪法。
03:07
to help change the constitution.
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03:10
And we decided to grasp at those --
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我们决定抓住那些——
如果我可以这么说：抓住那些稻草——
03:12
to clutch at those trolls,
if I may use that word --
if I may use that word --
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只是为了让司法系统正常运转，
03:15
if only to make the justice system work,
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并且是为每一个人运转。
03:18
and work for all.
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03:21
Just about the same time,
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几乎在同一时间，
我遇到一位来自英国的年轻大学生，
03:22
I met a young university
graduate from the UK,
graduate from the UK,
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名叫亚历山大·麦克莱恩。
03:25
called Alexander McLean.
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03:28
Alexander had come in with three or four
of his colleagues from university
of his colleagues from university
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亚历山大和三、四个大学同学
在空档年一起来到我们这，
03:31
in their gap year,
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他们想提供协助，
03:32
and they wanted to help assist,
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在卡米缇最高警戒监狱建立一个图书馆，
03:35
set up a library in Kamiti Maximum Prison,
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你可以用谷歌搜一下，
03:38
which if you Google,
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03:39
you will see is written as one
of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
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这监狱位列世界上最差的15个监狱。
03:43
That was then.
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当时是这样。
03:45
But when Alexander came in,
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但亚历山大来时，
他还是个20岁的年轻男孩。
03:46
he was a young 20-year-old boy.
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那时我是死囚犯。
03:48
And I was on death row at that time.
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03:51
And we took him under our wing.
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我们把他收到自己翼下。
这是个诚信问题。
03:53
It was an honest trust issue.
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他信任我们，即使我们被判死罪。
03:56
He trusted us, even though
we were on death row.
we were on death row.
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03:59
And through that trust,
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通过这种信任，
我们看到他和他的大学同学
04:00
we saw him and his colleagues
from the university
from the university
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用最新的技术来翻新图书馆，
04:03
refurbish the library
with the latest technology
with the latest technology
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并且把医务室建成很高的标准，
04:06
and set up the infirmary
to very good standards
to very good standards
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这样我们在监狱里生病的人
04:10
so that those of us falling sick in prison
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就不必毫无尊严地死去。
04:13
would not necessarily
have to die in indignity.
have to die in indignity.
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04:17
Having met Alexander,
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因为遇到亚历山大，
我得到一个契机，
04:20
I had a chance,
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是他给了我机会和支持，
04:21
and he gave me the opportunity
and the support,
and the support,
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去攻读伦敦大学的学士学位。
04:24
to enroll for a university degree
at the University of London.
at the University of London.
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04:28
Just like Mandela
studied from South Africa,
studied from South Africa,
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就像曼德拉在南非学习一样，
我获得了在卡米缇
最高警戒监狱学习的机会。
最高警戒监狱学习的机会。
04:31
I had a chance to study
at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
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04:35
And two years later,
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两年后，
我成为伦敦大学的
04:37
I became the first graduate of the program
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第一个从监狱系统毕业的人。
04:39
from the University of London
from within the prison system.
from within the prison system.
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04:44
Having graduated, what happened next --
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毕业后，接下来——
（掌声）
04:46
(Applause)
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谢谢。
04:50
Thank you.
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（掌声）
04:51
(Applause)
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毕业了，
04:52
Having graduated,
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现在我觉得充满力量。
04:54
now I felt empowered.
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我不会去做无助的受害者。
04:56
I was not going to play
the helpless victim.
the helpless victim.
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而是我感到有力量去
不仅帮助自己，
不仅帮助自己，
04:58
But I felt empowered
not only to assist myself,
not only to assist myself,
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对我自己的案件提起诉讼，
05:01
to prosecute my own case,
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而且去帮助刚刚提到的那些
05:03
but also to assist the other inmates
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正在遭受类似的
不公正待遇的其他犯人。
不公正待遇的其他犯人。
05:06
who are suffering the similar injustices
that have just been spoken about here.
that have just been spoken about here.
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05:11
So I started writing
legal briefs for them.
legal briefs for them.
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于是我开始为他们
撰写案情摘要。
撰写案情摘要。
我和监狱里其他人一起，
尽我们所能。
尽我们所能。
05:13
With my other colleagues in prison,
we did as much as we could.
we did as much as we could.
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05:19
That wasn't enough.
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这还不够。
05:23
Alexander McLean
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非洲监狱项目的亚历山大·麦克莱恩
05:24
and his team
at the African Prisons Project
at the African Prisons Project
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和他的团队
决定支持更多的囚犯。
05:28
decided to support more inmates.
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到目前，
05:30
And as I'm speaking to you today,
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肯尼亚监狱系统有
63名囚犯和工作人员
63名囚犯和工作人员
05:32
there are 63 inmates and staff
in the Kenya Prison Service
in the Kenya Prison Service
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通过远程学习
在伦敦大学攻读法律。
在伦敦大学攻读法律。
05:36
studying law at the University of London
through distance learning.
through distance learning.
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05:40
(Applause)
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（掌声）
他们是改革家，
05:45
These are changemakers
who are being motivated
who are being motivated
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他们的动力不仅是为了
帮助社会上最懒惰的人，
帮助社会上最懒惰的人，
05:49
not only to assist
the most indolent in society,
the most indolent in society,
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而且还帮助囚犯和其他人伸张正义。
05:52
but also to help the inmates
and others get access to justice.
and others get access to justice.
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05:59
Down there in my prison cell,
something kept stirring me.
something kept stirring me.
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在我那间牢房里，
有些东西不停地搅动着我。
有些东西不停地搅动着我。
06:03
The words of Martin Luther King
kept hitting me.
kept hitting me.
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马丁·路德·金的话一直在冲击我。
06:07
And he was always telling me,
"Pete, if you can't fly,
"Pete, if you can't fly,
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他一直对我说，“彼得，如果你不能飞，
06:12
you can run.
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你可以跑。
06:14
And if you can't run,
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如果你不能跑，
你可以走。
06:16
you can walk.
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06:18
But if you can't walk,
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如果你也不能走，
那么你可以爬。
06:20
then you can crawl.
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06:22
But whatever it is, whatever it takes,
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但无论怎样，无论什么代价，
都要继续前进。”
06:24
just keep on moving."
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06:26
And so I had this urge to keep moving.
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所以我有这个冲动，一直前进。
我现在仍然有这种冲动，
不管我做什么，持续前进。
不管我做什么，持续前进。
06:29
I still have this urge
to keep moving in whatever I do.
to keep moving in whatever I do.
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因为我觉得，改变我们的
社会的唯一途径，
社会的唯一途径，
06:31
Because I feel the only way
we can change our society,
we can change our society,
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我们改变司法制度的唯一途径——
06:35
the only way we can change
the justice system --
the justice system --
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我国的司法制度确实进步了——
06:37
which has really improved
in our country --
in our country --
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就是帮助纠正这个制度。
06:39
is to help get the systems right.
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06:42
So, on 26th October last year,
after 18 years in prison,
after 18 years in prison,
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去年10月26日，
在18年的监禁之后，
在18年的监禁之后，
06:47
I walked out of prison
on presidential pardon.
on presidential pardon.
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我获得总统赦免而出狱。
06:51
I'm now focused on helping APP --
the African Prisons Project --
the African Prisons Project --
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我现在致力于帮助APP
——非洲监狱项目——
——非洲监狱项目——
实现培训和建立第一间监狱中的
06:54
achieve its mandate
of training and setting up
of training and setting up
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法律学校和法学院的任务。
06:57
the first law school
and legal college behind bars.
and legal college behind bars.
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我们将要培训——
07:01
Where we are going to train --
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（掌声）
07:03
(Applause)
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我们要在那里培训
狱友和工作人员，
狱友和工作人员，
07:06
Where we are going to train
inmates and staff
inmates and staff
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让他们不仅可以帮助其他狱友，
07:10
not only to assist their fellow inmates,
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而且可以帮助那些
无法获得司法公正的
无法获得司法公正的
07:12
but to assist the entire
wider society of the poor
wider society of the poor
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更广大的整个贫穷阶层。
07:15
who cannot access legal justice.
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07:19
So as I speak before you today,
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所以，当我今天在你们面前演讲时，
我清楚知道，我们都可以重新审视自己，
07:21
I stand here in the full knowledge
that we can all reexamine ourselves,
that we can all reexamine ourselves,
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我们都可以重新审视自己的状况，
07:27
we can all reexamine our situations,
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我们都可以重新审视自己的环境，
07:30
we can all reexamine our circumstances
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07:33
and not play the victim narrative.
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而不去用受害者的身份讲故事。
07:36
The victim narrative
will not take us anywhere.
will not take us anywhere.
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受害者的故事对我们没有帮助。
07:40
I was behind bars, yeah.
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我进过监狱，没错。
但我从来不认为自己是囚犯，
我不是囚犯。
我不是囚犯。
07:42
But I never felt and I was not a prisoner.
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07:48
The basic thing I got to learn
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我学到的最基本的东西是，
如果我想，
07:50
was that if I thought,
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如果你认为你可以，
07:52
and if you think, you can,
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你一定可以。
07:55
you will.
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07:56
But if you sit thinking that you can't,
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但是，如果你坐在那想着自己不能，
那你就不能。
07:59
you won't.
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08:01
It's as simple as that.
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就这么简单。
08:04
And so I'm encouraged
by the peaceful revolutionaries
by the peaceful revolutionaries
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我在这个舞台上听到的
和平的革命者们鼓舞着我。
08:06
I've heard on this stage.
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08:08
The world needs you now,
the world needs you today.
the world needs you today.
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世界需要你，
现在，就今天。
现在，就今天。
08:12
And as I finish my talk,
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我的演讲结束前，
只想问问你们这里的每一个人，
08:15
I'd just like to ask
each and every single one of you here,
each and every single one of you here,
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08:19
wonderful thinkers,
changemakers, innovators,
changemakers, innovators,
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精彩的思想家、改革家、创新者，
我们TED拥有的美好全球人民，
08:23
the wonderful global citizens
we have at TED,
we have at TED,
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请记住马丁·路德·金的话。
08:26
just remember the words
of Martin Luther King.
of Martin Luther King.
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08:29
Let them continue ringing
in your heart and your life.
in your heart and your life.
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让那些话一直在你的内心
和你的生活中响起。
和你的生活中响起。
08:33
Whatever it is,
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无论什么事，
无论你在哪里，
08:35
wherever you are,
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无论代价如何，
08:36
whatever it takes,
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都要继续前进。
08:38
keep on moving.
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谢谢。
08:39
Thank you.
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（掌声）
08:40
(Applause)
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谢谢。
08:44
Thank you.
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（掌声）
08:45
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Peter Ouko - Prison reform advocatePete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa.
Why you should listen
Twenty years ago, Peter Ouko walked into a police station in Kenya seeking answers to the circumstances under which his wife had been found murdered and the body dumped next to the police station fence. Unbeknown to him, the hunter would soon find himself as the hunted, and in a journey through the then broken down judicial system, he found himself convicted and sent to the gallows for a crime he maintains he did not commit.
Instead of bitterness, Ouko decided to forgive his tormentors and make the best of his time in prison, becoming the first inmate to graduate with a University of London Diploma in Law while behind bars. He is currently in his final year as an LLB student in the same University.
In his dual role as an Ambassador of the African Prisons Project and Founder of the Youth Safety Awareness Initiative, Ouko today champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in society while using social enterprise to advocate for a crime free world. His goal: to demystify justice and have a crime free world underpinned by the rule of the law.
Peter Ouko | Speaker | TED.com