TEDGlobal 2017
Peter Ouko: From death row to law graduate
彼得奧柯: 在等候死刑執行時，我如何取得了法律學位
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,026,393 views
彼得奧柯被關在肯亞的卡米堤監獄長達十八年之久，有時他和其他十三名成年男子被關在一間牢房中，一天關二十三個半小時。他在這場感人的演說中，說出了他如何被釋放的故事，和他目前在協助非洲監獄專案計畫的使命：設立第一所在監獄的法律學校，讓在監獄中的人也有能力推動正向的改變。
Peter Ouko - Prison reform advocate
Pete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa. Full bio
Pete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want to tell you a story about Manson.
0
794
2126
我想告訴各位一個關於曼森的故事。
00:17
Manson was this 28-year-old
interior designer,
interior designer,
1
5214
4093
曼森是這位 28 歲的室內設計師，
00:21
a father to a loving daughter,
2
9331
1818
有一位親愛的女兒，
00:23
and a son
3
11572
2079
和一個兒子，
00:25
who found himself behind bars
due to a broken-down judicial system.
due to a broken-down judicial system.
4
13675
3756
他因為出了問題的司法制度而入獄。
00:30
He was framed for a murder
he didn't commit
he didn't commit
5
18516
3212
他被誣告一件不是他犯下的謀殺，
00:33
and was sentenced to the gallows.
6
21752
1847
因而被判入獄。
00:36
There were two victims of this murder --
the victim who actually died in the murder
the victim who actually died in the murder
7
24855
4016
這件謀殺有兩名受害者——
真正死於謀殺的受害者，
真正死於謀殺的受害者，
00:40
and Manson, who had been
sentenced to prison
sentenced to prison
8
28895
2681
以及曼森，他被判入獄，
00:43
for an offense which he did not commit.
9
31600
1938
背負不是他所犯的罪過。
00:47
He was locked up in a cell,
eight by seven,
eight by seven,
10
35419
2372
他被鎖在一間大小 7x8 的牢房中，
00:49
with 13 other grown-up men
11
37815
1587
和十三名成年男子關在一起，
00:52
for 23 and a half hours a day.
12
40262
1872
一天關 23 個半小時，
00:55
Food was not guaranteed that you'd get.
13
43188
3405
也不保證能有食物。
00:59
And I remember yesterday,
14
47688
1261
我記得昨天，
01:00
as I walked into the room where I was,
15
48973
3073
當我走進我所在的房間，
01:04
I imagined the kind of cell
that Manson would have been living in.
that Manson would have been living in.
16
52070
3340
我想像著曼森所住的牢房。
01:07
Because the toilet --
17
55434
1400
因為廁所——
01:09
The row of the small rooms
18
57371
1309
那裡有一列小房間，
01:10
that were there were slightly bigger
than the eight-by-seven cell.
than the eight-by-seven cell.
19
58704
3338
大小比 8x7 的牢房稍大一點點。
01:14
But being in that cell
as he awaited the executioner --
as he awaited the executioner --
20
62551
2595
但，在牢房裡等著行刑手——
01:17
because in prison,
he did not have a name --
he did not have a name --
21
65170
2293
因為在監獄裡，他沒有名字——
01:20
Manson was known by a number.
22
68292
1840
曼森只是一個號碼，
01:22
He was just a statistic.
23
70625
1269
他只是一個統計數字。
01:25
He did not know how long he would wait.
24
73751
2064
他不知道他要等多久。
01:28
The wait could have been a minute,
25
76323
1754
等待時間可能是一分鐘，
01:30
the executioner could have come
the next minute,
the next minute,
26
78101
2270
行刑手可能下一分鐘就來了，
01:32
the next day,
27
80395
1373
可能是隔天才來，
01:33
or it could have taken 30 years.
28
81792
1721
也可能要等三十年。
01:37
The wait had no end.
29
85511
1334
等候沒有終點。
01:40
And in the midst of the excruciating pain,
30
88194
2881
在極度的痛苦當中，
01:43
the mental torture,
31
91099
1266
心理折磨中，
01:46
the many unanswered questions
that Manson faced,
that Manson faced,
32
94061
2734
曼森所面對的許多問題，
未被解答的問題，
未被解答的問題，
01:50
he knew he was not
going to play the victim.
going to play the victim.
33
98411
2411
他知道他不要扮演受害者。
01:53
He refused to play the role of the victim.
34
101331
2317
他拒絕扮演受害者的角色。
01:56
He was angry at the justice system
that had put him behind bars.
that had put him behind bars.
35
104497
3366
他很氣司法體制把他打入大牢。
02:01
But he knew the only way
he could change that justice system
he could change that justice system
36
109188
2929
但他知道，他能改變
那司法體制的唯一方式，
那司法體制的唯一方式，
02:04
or help other people get justice
37
112141
2213
或協助其他人得到正義的方式，
02:06
was not to play the victim.
38
114378
1421
就是不要扮演受害者。
02:09
Change came to Manson
when he decided to embrace forgiveness
when he decided to embrace forgiveness
39
117435
4238
當曼森決定要擁抱寬恕，
原諒那些把他關進來的人時，
原諒那些把他關進來的人時，
02:13
for those who had put him in prison.
40
121697
1750
改變發生在他身上。
02:17
I speak that as a fact.
41
125784
2159
我說的是事實。
02:20
Because I know who Manson is.
42
128776
1632
因為我知道曼森是怎樣的人。
02:24
I am Manson.
43
132403
1150
我就是曼森。
02:26
My real name is Peter Manson Ouko.
44
134546
2266
我的真名是彼得曼森歐可。
02:30
And after my conviction,
45
138260
1523
在我堅定信念之後，
02:31
after that awakening of forgiveness,
46
139807
2400
在寬恕的覺醒之後，
02:35
I had this move
47
143318
1150
我有了一項對策，
02:37
to help change the system.
48
145826
1443
要來協助改變這個體制。
02:40
I already decided I was not
going to be a victim anymore.
going to be a victim anymore.
49
148318
2864
我已經決定我不要再當受害者了。
02:44
But how was I going to help
change a system
change a system
50
152276
2309
但我要如何協助改變一個體制，
02:46
that was bringing in
younger inmates every day
younger inmates every day
51
154609
3111
且是個每天都會把更年輕、
應該和家人在一起的囚犯
應該和家人在一起的囚犯
02:49
who deserve to be with their families?
52
157744
1857
給送進來的體制？
02:52
So I started mobilizing my colleagues
in prison, my fellow inmates,
in prison, my fellow inmates,
53
160862
3857
所以我開始動員我監獄中的
同事，我的獄友們，
同事，我的獄友們，
02:56
to write letters and memoranda
to the justice system,
to the justice system,
54
164743
4207
寫信和備忘錄給司法體制，
03:00
to the Judicial Service Commission,
55
168974
2127
給司法服務委員會，
03:03
the numerous task forces
that had been set up
that had been set up
56
171125
3111
給在我們的國家，肯亞，設立來
03:06
in our country, Kenya,
57
174260
1674
協助改變憲法的數個工作任務小組。
03:07
to help change the constitution.
58
175958
1809
03:10
And we decided to grasp at those --
59
178260
2539
而我們決定要抓那些——
03:12
to clutch at those trolls,
if I may use that word --
if I may use that word --
60
180823
3111
抓住那些巨怪，
如果我可以用這個詞的話——
如果我可以用這個詞的話——
03:15
if only to make the justice system work,
61
183958
2397
但願能讓司法體制能夠有用，
03:18
and work for all.
62
186379
1150
對所有人都有用。
03:21
Just about the same time,
63
189029
1937
大約同時，
03:22
I met a young university
graduate from the UK,
graduate from the UK,
64
190990
2825
我遇到了一位來自英國的
年輕大學畢業生，
年輕大學畢業生，
03:25
called Alexander McLean.
65
193839
1600
名叫亞歷山大麥克林，
03:28
Alexander had come in with three or four
of his colleagues from university
of his colleagues from university
66
196228
3485
亞歷山大和三或四個大學的
同事在他們的空檔年
同事在他們的空檔年
03:31
in their gap year,
67
199737
1166
一起進來的，
03:32
and they wanted to help assist,
68
200927
2333
他們想要幫忙協助
03:35
set up a library in Kamiti Maximum Prison,
69
203284
3086
在卡米堤高度安全管理
監獄中設立圖書館，
監獄中設立圖書館，
03:38
which if you Google,
70
206394
1152
如果你去 Google 查，
03:39
you will see is written as one
of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
71
207570
3197
會發現它是世界上
最糟的十五所監獄之一。
最糟的十五所監獄之一。
03:43
That was then.
72
211784
1150
那是當時。
03:45
But when Alexander came in,
73
213307
1453
但當亞歷山大來的時候，
03:46
he was a young 20-year-old boy.
74
214784
1896
他是個年輕的 20 歲男孩。
03:48
And I was on death row at that time.
75
216704
1801
我那時等著被執行死刑。
03:51
And we took him under our wing.
76
219696
1810
我們照料、庇護他。
03:53
It was an honest trust issue.
77
221530
2769
那和誠實的信任有關。
03:56
He trusted us, even though
we were on death row.
we were on death row.
78
224323
2254
他相信我們，儘管我們都是死刑犯。
03:59
And through that trust,
79
227157
1245
透過那份信任，
04:00
we saw him and his colleagues
from the university
from the university
80
228426
2596
我們看著他和他來自大學的同事
04:03
refurbish the library
with the latest technology
with the latest technology
81
231046
3635
用最新的科技整修了圖書館，
04:06
and set up the infirmary
to very good standards
to very good standards
82
234705
3944
並把醫務室做到非常高水準，
04:10
so that those of us falling sick in prison
83
238673
2785
所以我們當中若有人在監獄中生病，
04:13
would not necessarily
have to die in indignity.
have to die in indignity.
84
241482
2873
不見得要沒有尊嚴地死去。
04:17
Having met Alexander,
85
245950
2214
遇見了亞歷山大，
04:20
I had a chance,
86
248188
1159
讓我有了機會，
04:21
and he gave me the opportunity
and the support,
and the support,
87
249371
3412
他給予我機會和支持，
04:24
to enroll for a university degree
at the University of London.
at the University of London.
88
252807
3305
註冊倫敦大學攻讀大學學位。
04:28
Just like Mandela
studied from South Africa,
studied from South Africa,
89
256958
2381
就像曼德拉從南非讀書學習，
04:31
I had a chance to study
at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
90
259363
3238
我有機會在卡米堤高度
安全管理監獄讀書學習。
安全管理監獄讀書學習。
04:35
And two years later,
91
263498
1666
兩年後，
04:37
I became the first graduate of the program
92
265188
2508
在倫敦大學的這個方案中，
04:39
from the University of London
from within the prison system.
from within the prison system.
93
267720
3484
第一個在監獄體制中
畢業的人就是我。
畢業的人就是我。
04:44
Having graduated, what happened next --
94
272744
1920
畢業之後，接著發生的是——
04:46
(Applause)
95
274688
3505
（掌聲）
04:50
Thank you.
96
278217
1150
謝謝你們。
04:51
(Applause)
97
279391
1083
（掌聲）
04:52
Having graduated,
98
280498
1492
畢業之後，
04:54
now I felt empowered.
99
282014
1400
現在我覺得有能力。
04:56
I was not going to play
the helpless victim.
the helpless victim.
100
284014
2444
我不要扮演無助的受害者。
04:58
But I felt empowered
not only to assist myself,
not only to assist myself,
101
286823
2754
我不只覺得有能力協助我自己，
05:01
to prosecute my own case,
102
289601
1849
起訴我的案子，
05:03
but also to assist the other inmates
103
291474
3055
同時協助我們剛剛在這裡談到的
05:06
who are suffering the similar injustices
that have just been spoken about here.
that have just been spoken about here.
104
294553
3833
同樣也受到類似
不公正問題所苦的獄友。
不公正問題所苦的獄友。
05:11
So I started writing
legal briefs for them.
legal briefs for them.
105
299490
2397
所以我開始為他們
撰寫訴訟案情摘要。
撰寫訴訟案情摘要。
05:13
With my other colleagues in prison,
we did as much as we could.
we did as much as we could.
106
301911
3498
我和獄中的同事們
能做多少就做多少。
能做多少就做多少。
05:19
That wasn't enough.
107
307743
1347
那還不夠。
05:23
Alexander McLean
108
311022
1912
亞歷山大麥克林
05:24
and his team
at the African Prisons Project
at the African Prisons Project
109
312958
3730
和他在非洲監獄專案計畫的團隊
05:28
decided to support more inmates.
110
316712
1897
決定要支援更多獄友。
05:30
And as I'm speaking to you today,
111
318919
1614
我現在在這裡演說時，
05:32
there are 63 inmates and staff
in the Kenya Prison Service
in the Kenya Prison Service
112
320561
4135
有 63 位獄友以及
肯亞監獄服務的工作人員
肯亞監獄服務的工作人員
05:36
studying law at the University of London
through distance learning.
through distance learning.
113
324720
3325
透過遠端學習，
在倫敦大學研讀法律。
在倫敦大學研讀法律。
05:40
(Applause)
114
328903
5031
（掌聲）
05:45
These are changemakers
who are being motivated
who are being motivated
115
333958
3754
這些造成改變的人不僅積極地
05:49
not only to assist
the most indolent in society,
the most indolent in society,
116
337736
3143
去協助社會中最懶惰的人，
05:52
but also to help the inmates
and others get access to justice.
and others get access to justice.
117
340903
3738
也協助獄友以及其他人得到正義。
05:59
Down there in my prison cell,
something kept stirring me.
something kept stirring me.
118
347125
3248
在我的牢房中，
有樣東西一直激勵著我。
有樣東西一直激勵著我。
06:03
The words of Martin Luther King
kept hitting me.
kept hitting me.
119
351584
2517
馬丁路德金恩博士的話一直衝擊著我。
06:07
And he was always telling me,
"Pete, if you can't fly,
"Pete, if you can't fly,
120
355822
2985
他總是告訴我：
「彼得，如果你不能飛，
「彼得，如果你不能飛，
06:12
you can run.
121
360370
1150
你可以跑。
06:14
And if you can't run,
122
362395
1865
如果你不能跑，
06:16
you can walk.
123
364284
1150
你可以走。
06:18
But if you can't walk,
124
366133
1992
但如果你不能走，
06:20
then you can crawl.
125
368149
1477
你可以爬。
06:22
But whatever it is, whatever it takes,
126
370331
2262
不論是什麼狀況，不論要什麼代價，
06:24
just keep on moving."
127
372617
1333
只管繼續前進。」
06:26
And so I had this urge to keep moving.
128
374831
2341
所以我有強烈的動力要繼續前進。
06:29
I still have this urge
to keep moving in whatever I do.
to keep moving in whatever I do.
129
377196
2754
不論做什麼，我都有
強烈的動力要繼續前進。
強烈的動力要繼續前進。
06:31
Because I feel the only way
we can change our society,
we can change our society,
130
379974
3444
因為我認為，我們能夠
改變社會的唯一方式，
改變社會的唯一方式，
06:35
the only way we can change
the justice system --
the justice system --
131
383442
2276
我們能夠改變司法體制的唯一方式，
06:37
which has really improved
in our country --
in our country --
132
385742
2009
這真正改善我們國家的制度，
06:39
is to help get the systems right.
133
387775
1627
就是協助去導正體制。
06:42
So, on 26th October last year,
after 18 years in prison,
after 18 years in prison,
134
390300
3372
所以，去年 10 月 26 日，
在監獄中待了 18 年後，
在監獄中待了 18 年後，
06:47
I walked out of prison
on presidential pardon.
on presidential pardon.
135
395482
2404
我得到總統赦免，離開了監獄。
06:51
I'm now focused on helping APP --
the African Prisons Project --
the African Prisons Project --
136
399061
3246
我現在致力在協助 APP，
非洲監獄專案計畫，
非洲監獄專案計畫，
06:54
achieve its mandate
of training and setting up
of training and setting up
137
402331
3061
達成它的使命：訓練和設立
06:57
the first law school
and legal college behind bars.
and legal college behind bars.
138
405416
3487
第一所監獄中的法律學校及法學院。
07:01
Where we are going to train --
139
409569
1437
在那裡，我們將會訓練——
07:03
(Applause)
140
411030
3912
（掌聲）
07:06
Where we are going to train
inmates and staff
inmates and staff
141
414966
3524
在那裡，我們將會
訓練獄友和工作人員，
訓練獄友和工作人員，
07:10
not only to assist their fellow inmates,
142
418514
2277
不只是去協助他們的獄友伙伴，
07:12
but to assist the entire
wider society of the poor
wider society of the poor
143
420815
3095
也要協助整個更廣大的貧窮社會，
07:15
who cannot access legal justice.
144
423934
2082
那些無法得到司法正義的人。
07:19
So as I speak before you today,
145
427180
2423
所以，今天我在這裡演說，
07:21
I stand here in the full knowledge
that we can all reexamine ourselves,
that we can all reexamine ourselves,
146
429627
5571
我非常清楚了解，我們
所有人都能夠重新自我檢視，
所有人都能夠重新自我檢視，
07:27
we can all reexamine our situations,
147
435222
2762
我們都能夠重新檢視我們的情形，
07:30
we can all reexamine our circumstances
148
438008
2533
我們都能夠重新檢視我們的境況，
07:33
and not play the victim narrative.
149
441959
2267
不要用受害者的方式來說故事。
07:36
The victim narrative
will not take us anywhere.
will not take us anywhere.
150
444792
2198
這種說故事方式不會有幫助。
07:40
I was behind bars, yeah.
151
448149
1600
我曾坐過牢，是的。
07:42
But I never felt and I was not a prisoner.
152
450958
2328
但我從沒感覺到過，
且我不是個囚犯。
且我不是個囚犯。
07:48
The basic thing I got to learn
153
456236
2325
我學到一件基本的事，
07:50
was that if I thought,
154
458585
2278
那就是，如果我當時認為，
07:52
and if you think, you can,
155
460887
2182
且如果你認為，你可以，
07:55
you will.
156
463093
1150
你就會做到。
07:56
But if you sit thinking that you can't,
157
464601
2745
但如果你就坐著認為自己不行，
07:59
you won't.
158
467370
1150
你就做不到。
08:01
It's as simple as that.
159
469593
1533
就那麼簡單。
08:04
And so I'm encouraged
by the peaceful revolutionaries
by the peaceful revolutionaries
160
472259
2501
所以，在這個舞台上演說的
和平革命家們鼓勵了我。
和平革命家們鼓勵了我。
08:06
I've heard on this stage.
161
474784
1276
08:08
The world needs you now,
the world needs you today.
the world needs you today.
162
476633
2801
世界現在就需要你，
世界今天就需要你。
世界今天就需要你。
08:12
And as I finish my talk,
163
480394
2588
在我演說的最後，
08:15
I'd just like to ask
each and every single one of you here,
each and every single one of you here,
164
483006
3248
我想要請在座的每一個人，
08:19
wonderful thinkers,
changemakers, innovators,
changemakers, innovators,
165
487744
3881
美好的思想家、
推動改變的人、創新者、
推動改變的人、創新者、
08:23
the wonderful global citizens
we have at TED,
we have at TED,
166
491649
3103
TED 的美好全球公民，
08:26
just remember the words
of Martin Luther King.
of Martin Luther King.
167
494776
2483
請記住馬丁路德金恩博士的話。
08:29
Let them continue ringing
in your heart and your life.
in your heart and your life.
168
497958
2587
讓這段話持續在你心中
及你人生中迴響。
及你人生中迴響。
08:33
Whatever it is,
169
501252
1783
不論是什麼事，
08:35
wherever you are,
170
503059
1626
不論你在哪裡，
08:36
whatever it takes,
171
504709
1683
不論要什麼代價，
08:38
keep on moving.
172
506416
1151
繼續走下去。
08:39
Thank you.
173
507591
1159
謝謝。
08:40
(Applause)
174
508774
3377
（掌聲）
08:44
Thank you.
175
512175
1151
謝謝。
08:45
(Applause)
176
513350
4261
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Peter Ouko - Prison reform advocatePete Ouko champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in Africa.
Why you should listen
Twenty years ago, Peter Ouko walked into a police station in Kenya seeking answers to the circumstances under which his wife had been found murdered and the body dumped next to the police station fence. Unbeknown to him, the hunter would soon find himself as the hunted, and in a journey through the then broken down judicial system, he found himself convicted and sent to the gallows for a crime he maintains he did not commit.
Instead of bitterness, Ouko decided to forgive his tormentors and make the best of his time in prison, becoming the first inmate to graduate with a University of London Diploma in Law while behind bars. He is currently in his final year as an LLB student in the same University.
In his dual role as an Ambassador of the African Prisons Project and Founder of the Youth Safety Awareness Initiative, Ouko today champions access to justice for inmates and the indolent in society while using social enterprise to advocate for a crime free world. His goal: to demystify justice and have a crime free world underpinned by the rule of the law.
Peter Ouko | Speaker | TED.com