TED2019
Bruce Friedrich: The next global agricultural revolution
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Conventional meat production causes harm to our environment and presents risks to global health, but people aren't going to eat less meat unless we give them alternatives that cost the same (or less) and that taste the same (or better). In an eye-opening talk, food innovator and TED Fellow Bruce Friedrich shows the plant- and cell-based products that could soon transform the global meat industry -- and your dinner plate.
Bruce Friedrich - Food innovator
TED Fellow Bruce Friedrich plans to compete with the meat industry on its own terms -- by creating alternatives to conventional meat that taste the same or better and cost less. Full bio
TED Fellow Bruce Friedrich plans to compete with the meat industry on its own terms -- by creating alternatives to conventional meat that taste the same or better and cost less. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
In 2019, humanity received a warning:
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30 of the world's leading scientists
released the results
released the results
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of a massive three-year study
into global agriculture
into global agriculture
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and declared that meat production
is destroying our planet
is destroying our planet
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and jeopardizing global health.
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One of the study's authors explained
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that "humanity now poses a threat
to the stability of the planet ...
to the stability of the planet ...
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[This requires] nothing less than
a new global agricultural revolution."
a new global agricultural revolution."
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As somebody who's spent
the last two decades
the last two decades
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advocating a shift away
from industrial meat production,
from industrial meat production,
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I wanted to believe that this clarion call
was going to make a difference.
was going to make a difference.
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The thing is, I've seen this sort of thing
again and again and again for decades.
again and again and again for decades.
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Here's 2018 from the journal "Nature,"
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2017 from "Bioscience Journal,"
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2016 from the National
Academy of Sciences.
Academy of Sciences.
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The main point of these studies
tends to be climate change.
tends to be climate change.
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01:10
But antibiotic resistance
represents just as big of a threat.
represents just as big of a threat.
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We are feeding massive doses
of antibiotics to farm animals.
of antibiotics to farm animals.
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These antibiotics are then
mutating into superbugs
mutating into superbugs
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that threaten to render
antibiotics obsolete
antibiotics obsolete
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within all of our lifetimes.
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You want a scare?
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Google: "the end of working antibiotics."
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I'm going to get one thing out of the way:
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I am not here to tell anybody what to eat.
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Individual action is great,
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but antibiotic resistance
and climate change --
and climate change --
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they require more.
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Besides, convincing the world
to eat less meat hasn't worked.
to eat less meat hasn't worked.
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For 50 years, environmentalists,
global health experts and animal activists
global health experts and animal activists
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have been begging the public
to eat less meat.
to eat less meat.
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And yet, per capita meat consumption
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is as high as it's been
in recorded history.
in recorded history.
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The average North American last year
ate more than 200 pounds of meat.
ate more than 200 pounds of meat.
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And I didn't eat any.
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(Laughter)
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Which means somebody out there
ate 400 pounds of meat.
ate 400 pounds of meat.
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(Laughter)
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On our current trajectory,
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we're going to need to be producing
70 to 100 percent more meat by 2050.
70 to 100 percent more meat by 2050.
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This requires a global solution.
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What we need to do is we need to produce
the meat that people love,
the meat that people love,
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but we need to produce it
in a whole new way.
in a whole new way.
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I've got a couple of ideas.
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Idea number one:
let's grow meat from plants.
let's grow meat from plants.
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Instead of growing plants,
feeding them to animals,
feeding them to animals,
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and all of that inefficiency,
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let's grow those plants,
let's biomimic meat with them,
let's biomimic meat with them,
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let's make plant-based meat.
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Idea number two: for actual animal meat,
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let's grow it directly from cells.
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Instead of growing live animals,
let's grow the cells directly.
let's grow the cells directly.
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It takes six weeks to grow
a chicken to slaughter weight.
a chicken to slaughter weight.
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Grow the cells directly,
you can get that same growth
you can get that same growth
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in six days.
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This is what that looks like at scale.
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It's your friendly
neighborhood meat brewery.
neighborhood meat brewery.
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(Laughter)
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I want to make two points about this.
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The first one is, we believe we can do it.
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In recent years, some companies
have been producing meat from plants
have been producing meat from plants
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that consumers cannot distinguish
from actual animal meat,
from actual animal meat,
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and there are now dozens of companies
growing actual animal meat
growing actual animal meat
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directly from cells.
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This plant-based and cell-based meat
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gives consumers everything
that they love about meat --
that they love about meat --
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the taste, the texture and so on --
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but with no need for antibiotics
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and with a fraction of the adverse
impact on the climate.
impact on the climate.
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And because these two technologies
are so much more efficient,
are so much more efficient,
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at production scale
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these products will be cheaper.
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But one quick point about that --
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it's not going to be easy.
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These plant-based companies have spent
small fortunes on their burgers,
small fortunes on their burgers,
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and cell-based meat has not yet
been commercialized at all.
been commercialized at all.
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So we're going to need all hands on deck
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to make these the global meat industry.
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For starters, we need
the present meat industry.
the present meat industry.
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We don't want to disrupt
the meat industry,
the meat industry,
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we want to transform it.
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We need their economies of scale,
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their global supply chain,
their marketing expertise
their marketing expertise
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and their massive consumer base.
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We also need governments.
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Governments spend tens of billions
of dollars every single year
of dollars every single year
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on research and development
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focused on global health
and the environment.
and the environment.
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They should be putting some of that money
into optimizing and perfecting
into optimizing and perfecting
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the production of plant-based
and cell-based meat.
and cell-based meat.
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Look, tens of thousands of people
died from antibiotic-resistant superbugs
died from antibiotic-resistant superbugs
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in North America just last year.
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By 2050, that number is going to be
10 million per year globally.
10 million per year globally.
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And climate change represents
an existential threat
an existential threat
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to huge portions of our global family,
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including some of the poorest people
on the face of the planet.
on the face of the planet.
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Climate change, antibiotic resistance --
these are global emergencies.
these are global emergencies.
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Meat production is exacerbating
these emergencies on a global scale.
these emergencies on a global scale.
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But we are not going
to decrease meat consumption
to decrease meat consumption
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unless we give consumers alternatives
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that cost the same or less
and that taste the same or better.
and that taste the same or better.
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We have the solution.
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Let's make meat from plants.
Let's grow it directly from cells.
Let's grow it directly from cells.
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It's past time that we mobilize
the resources that are necessary
the resources that are necessary
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to create the next global
agricultural revolution.
agricultural revolution.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bruce Friedrich - Food innovatorTED Fellow Bruce Friedrich plans to compete with the meat industry on its own terms -- by creating alternatives to conventional meat that taste the same or better and cost less.
Why you should listen
Bruce Friedrich is cofounder and executive director of The Good Food Institute (GFI), an international nonprofit that is fostering a sustainable, healthy and just agricultural system through food innovation. With branches in the United States, India, Israel, Brazil, Europe and Asia Pacific, GFI is accelerating the production of plant-based and cell-based meat, eggs and dairy in order to bolster the global protein supply while protecting our environment, promoting global health and preventing food insecurity and animal cruelty. Friedrich has penned op-eds for the Wall Street Journal, USA Today, the Los Angeles Times, Chicago Tribune, Wired and many other publications. He has appeared on The Today Show, NBC Nightly News, CBS Evening News and a variety of programs on MSNBC, Fox News, and CNN. Friedrich has coauthored two books, contributed chapters to seven more, and has written seven law review articles. Watch his TEDxSonoma talk here.
Friedrich graduated magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, from the Georgetown University Law Center and holds degrees from Johns Hopkins University and the London School of Economics.
Bruce Friedrich | Speaker | TED.com