TED Residency
Duarte Geraldino: What we're missing in the debate about immigration
Duarte Geraldino: Što propuštamo u raspravi o imigraciji
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,170,030 views
Od 2008. do 2016., iz Sjedinjenih Država deportirano je više od tri milijuna ljudi. Što se događa s onima koji ostaju? Novinar Duarte Geraldino donosi priču o protjerivanju ljudi koju država izbjegava. Saznajte više o širem utjecaju prisilnoga iseljenja prema riječima Geraldina o tome kako iznenadni nestanak majke, vlasnika lokalnog objekta ili učenika srednje škole uskomeša živote i nanosi štetu odnosima koji povezuju naše zajednice.
Duarte Geraldino - Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
So, Ma was trying to explain
something to me
something to me
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Dok mi je mama objašnjavala nešto
00:15
about Grandma and when they grew up,
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o baki i odrastanju,
00:17
but I couldn't pay attention to her
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ali nisam se
mogao usredotočiti na nju
mogao usredotočiti na nju
00:19
because I was five years old,
and I was petrified.
and I was petrified.
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jer sam imao pet godina
i bio sam prestravljen.
i bio sam prestravljen.
00:21
I had just seen The Green Lady.
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Bio sam upravo vidio Zelenu damu.
00:24
Now, about a week earlier,
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
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Tjedan prije toga,
gledao sam film "Godzillu",
gledao sam film "Godzillu",
00:27
the one about that huge lizard-like beast
storming a major city,
storming a major city,
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onaj gdje ogromna zvijer
u obliku guštera razara veliki grad
u obliku guštera razara veliki grad
00:31
and the thought of a green monster
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
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i pomisao da me napada zeleno
čudovište, urezala mi se u pamćenje.
čudovište, urezala mi se u pamćenje.
00:35
And yet there I was,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
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Bio sam tamo, na vrhu
Donjeg Manhattana s mamom,
Donjeg Manhattana s mamom,
00:39
just staring at her:
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piljeći u nju:
00:40
her horns,
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u njezine rogove,
00:42
her muscles --
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njezine mišiće,
00:43
all of it just frightened me.
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sve me to plašilo.
00:44
And I didn't know
whether she was a monster or a hero.
whether she was a monster or a hero.
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Nisam znao je li ona čudovište ili heroj.
00:49
So I decided to consult
the Google of the day --
the Google of the day --
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Odlučio sam pitati tadašnjeg "Google-a":
00:52
"Ma! Ma!"
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"Mama! Mama!"
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:55
My mother explained that The Green Lady
is actually the Statue of Liberty
is actually the Statue of Liberty
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Majka mi je objasnila da je
Zelena Dama zapravo Kip slobode
Zelena Dama zapravo Kip slobode
01:00
and that she was waving immigrants in.
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te da je mahala imigrantima na ulasku.
01:02
Now, the part of her explanation
that really messed with my young head
that really messed with my young head
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Dio njezinog objašnjenja
koji moja mlada glava nije shvatila
koji moja mlada glava nije shvatila
01:06
was the fact that, according to Ma,
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je činjenica da, prema njezinim riječima,
01:09
long before us,
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davno prije nas,
01:11
The Green Lady was actually brown,
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Zelena je dama bila zapravo smeđa,
01:15
brown like me,
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smeđa poput mene
01:16
and that she changed
colors over the years,
colors over the years,
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i da je s godinama mijenjala boje,
01:19
much like America.
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vrlo slično kao Amerika.
01:21
Now, the part that really
is intriguing about this
is intriguing about this
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Najzanimljiviji dio svega ovoga
01:26
is that when she changed colors,
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jest kada je ona promijenila boju,
01:28
she made me think about myself.
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navela me da razmišljam o sebi.
01:30
It all made sense to me,
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Sve mi je imalo smisla,
01:31
because as a first-generation American,
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jer sam ja, podrijetlom Amerikanac,
01:33
I was surrounded by immigrants.
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bio okružen doseljenicima.
01:35
In fact, within my immediate social circle
of the people who support me,
of the people who support me,
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U mojem najbližem društvenom
krugu ljudi koji su mi podrška,
krugu ljudi koji su mi podrška,
01:39
who enrich my life,
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koji obogaćuju moj život,
01:40
at least two are foreign-born.
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najmanje dvoje je rođeno
u inozemstvu.
u inozemstvu.
01:43
My life as a US citizen is in many ways
shaped by newcomers,
shaped by newcomers,
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Kao građaninu SAD-a, na moj su život
najviše utjecale pridošlice,
najviše utjecale pridošlice,
01:46
and chances are,
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i vrlo vjerojatno
01:48
so is yours.
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utjecale su i na vaše živote.
01:49
There are more than 40 million
immigrants in the USA.
immigrants in the USA.
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U SAD-u se nalazi više
od 40 milijuna doseljenika.
od 40 milijuna doseljenika.
01:53
According to census data,
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Prema popisu stanovništva,
01:54
a quarter of the nation's children
have at least one foreign-born parent.
have at least one foreign-born parent.
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četvrtina američke djece ima barem
jednog roditelja rođenog u inozemstvu.
jednog roditelja rođenog u inozemstvu.
01:59
I know all these statistics
because I study global migration patterns.
because I study global migration patterns.
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Znam ove statistike jer proučavam
obrasce migracija na globalnoj razini.
obrasce migracija na globalnoj razini.
02:04
I'm a journalist,
and for the last few years,
and for the last few years,
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Novinar sam,
i u zadnjih nekoliko godina,
i u zadnjih nekoliko godina,
02:06
I've been documenting
the lives of US citizens
the lives of US citizens
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dokumentirao sam živote građana SAD-a
02:09
who've lost people to deportation.
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čiji su bliski ljudi bili protjerani.
02:11
And the numbers are enormous.
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Brojke su ogromne.
02:14
From 2008 to 2016,
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Od 2008. do 2016.,
02:16
more than three million people
were "ordered removed" --
were "ordered removed" --
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donesenih je "rješenja o protjerivanju"
za više od tri milijuna ljudi,
za više od tri milijuna ljudi,
02:19
that's the technical term
for being deported.
for being deported.
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to je tehnički izraz za osobe
koje bivaju deportirane iz države.
koje bivaju deportirane iz države.
02:23
There is an economic, a political,
a psychological and an emotional cost
a psychological and an emotional cost
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Postoji ekonomska, politička,
psihološka i emocionalna šteta
psihološka i emocionalna šteta
02:28
to those deportations --
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kao posljedice protjerivanja,
02:30
the moments when these circles are broken.
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trenutci kada su krugovi prekinuti.
02:33
I once asked a US soldier,
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Upitao sam američku vojnikinju:
02:35
"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"
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"Zašto si se prijavila boriti u ratu?"
02:37
And she told me,
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Odgovorila mi je:
02:39
"Because I'm proud to defend my country."
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"Ponosna sam što ću braniti domovinu."
02:41
But I pressed to know --
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Navaljivao sam dalje:
02:42
"Really, when you're on base,
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"Kada si u bazi
02:44
and you hear bombs
exploding in the distance,
exploding in the distance,
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i čuješ eksplozije bombi u daljini
02:46
and you see soldiers coming back
who are gravely injured,
who are gravely injured,
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i vidiš teško ozlijeđene
vojnike kako se vraćaju,
vojnike kako se vraćaju,
02:50
in that moment,
when you know you could be next,
when you know you could be next,
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u tom trenutku, kada
znaš da možeš biti sljedeća,
znaš da možeš biti sljedeća,
02:54
what does 'my country' mean?"
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što ti znači 'domovina'?"
02:56
She looked at me.
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Pogledala me:
02:58
"My country is my wife,
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"Moja je domovina moja žena,
03:00
my family,
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moja obitelj,
03:01
my friends, my soldiers."
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moji prijatelji, moji vojnici."
03:03
What she was telling me
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Ono što mi je rekla
03:04
is that "my country" is a collection
of these strong relationships;
of these strong relationships;
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jest da je "moja domovina"
zapravo skup tih snažnih veza,
zapravo skup tih snažnih veza,
03:08
these social circles.
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tih društvenih krugova.
03:10
When the social circles are weakened,
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Kad su društveni krugovi oslabljeni,
03:12
a country itself is weaker.
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sama je država slabija.
03:15
We're missing a crucial aspect
in the debate about immigration policy.
in the debate about immigration policy.
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U raspravi o politici iseljavanja,
nedostaje nam ključan aspekt.
nedostaje nam ključan aspekt.
03:18
Rather than focusing on individuals,
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Umjesto fokusiranja na pojedince,
03:20
we should focus
on the circles around them,
on the circles around them,
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trebali bismo se usredotočiti
na krugove oko njih,
na krugove oko njih,
03:23
because these are the people
who are left behind:
who are left behind:
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jer su to ljudi koji ostaju:
03:26
the voters, the taxpayers,
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glasači, porezni obveznici,
03:28
the ones who are suffering that loss.
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oni koji trpe gubitak.
03:31
And it's not just the children
of the deported
of the deported
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Ne osjećaju samo djeca
protjeranih ljudi
protjeranih ljudi
03:33
who are impacted.
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posljedice deportacije.
03:34
You have brothers and sisters
who are separated by borders.
who are separated by borders.
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Postoje braća i sestre
koje dijeli granica.
koje dijeli granica.
03:37
You have classmates, teachers,
law enforcement officers,
law enforcement officers,
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Postoje školski prijatelji, učitelji,
policijski službenici,
policijski službenici,
03:40
technologists, scientists, doctors,
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tehničari, znanstvenici, doktori
03:42
who are all scrambling
to make sense of new realities
to make sense of new realities
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koji pokušavaju pronaći
smisao novih stvarnosti
smisao novih stvarnosti
03:46
when their social circles are broken.
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kada se raspadnu društveni krugovi.
03:49
These are the real lives
behind all these statistics
behind all these statistics
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To su stvarni životi iza tih statistika
03:53
that dominate discussions
about immigration policy.
about immigration policy.
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koji su ključni u
raspravama o imigraciji.
raspravama o imigraciji.
03:56
But we don't often think about them.
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No o njima ne mislimo često.
03:58
And I'm trying to change that.
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I to pokušavam promijeniti.
03:59
Here's just one of the real-life stories
that I've collected.
that I've collected.
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Ovo je samo jedna stvarna
životna priča o kojoj znam.
životna priča o kojoj znam.
04:04
And it still haunts me.
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Još uvijek me proganja.
04:06
I met Ramon and his son in 2016,
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Upoznao sam Ramona i
njegovog sina 2016. godine,
njegovog sina 2016. godine,
04:10
the same year both of them
were being ordered out of the country.
were being ordered out of the country.
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iste godine kada je za oboje
doneseno rješenje o izlasku iz zemlje.
doneseno rješenje o izlasku iz zemlje.
04:14
Ramon was being deported to Latin America,
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Ramon je protjeran u Latinsku Ameriku,
04:18
while his son, who was a sergeant
in the US military,
in the US military,
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dok je njegov sin,
narednik u američkoj vojsci,
narednik u američkoj vojsci,
04:21
was being deployed.
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dobio premještaj.
04:24
Deported ...
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Protjeran...
04:26
deployed.
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premješten.
04:28
If you just look at Ramon's case,
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Ako pogledate Ramonov slučaj,
04:31
it wouldn't be clear how deeply
connected to the country he is.
connected to the country he is.
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nije vidljivo koliko je on duboko
povezan sa svojom zemljom.
povezan sa svojom zemljom.
04:35
But consider his son:
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Razmotrite njegovog sina:
04:37
a US citizen defending a country
that's banished his father.
that's banished his father.
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američki građanin koji brani
zemlju koja je prognala njegova oca.
zemlju koja je prognala njegova oca.
04:41
The social circle is what's key here.
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Ovdje je društveni krug ključan.
04:43
Here's another example
that illustrates those critical bonds.
that illustrates those critical bonds.
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Ovo je sljedeći primjer koji
prikazuje te kritične veze.
prikazuje te kritične veze.
04:47
A group of citizens in Philadelphia
were concerned about their jobs,
were concerned about their jobs,
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Grupa građana u Philadelphiji
bila je zabrinuta za njihove poslove,
bila je zabrinuta za njihove poslove,
04:50
because the legal owner
of the restaurant where they worked
of the restaurant where they worked
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jer je zakonski vlasnik
restorana gdje su radili
restorana gdje su radili
04:53
was an undocumented immigrant,
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bio doseljenik bez dokumenata
04:55
and immigration officials
had picked him up.
had picked him up.
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i službenici za imigrante su ga priveli.
04:58
They rallied behind him.
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Ljudi su prosvjedovali.
04:59
An immigration lawyer argued
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Odvjetnik je tvrdio da je čovjek
05:01
he was too important
to the local community
to the local community
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jako važan za lokalnu zajednicu
05:03
to be deported.
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i da ne može biti protjeran.
05:04
At the hearing, they even submitted
restaurant reviews --
restaurant reviews --
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Na saslušanju su čak
prikazali recenzije restorana,
prikazali recenzije restorana,
05:08
restaurant reviews!
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recenzije restorana!
05:10
In the end, a judge exercised
what's called "judicial discretion"
what's called "judicial discretion"
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Na koncu, sudac se
pozvao na "sudsku diskreciju"
pozvao na "sudsku diskreciju"
05:15
and allowed him to stay in the country,
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te mu dopustio da ostane u državi,
05:17
but only because they considered
the social circle.
the social circle.
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ali samo zato što su u
obzir uzeli društveni krug.
obzir uzeli društveni krug.
05:21
There are 23 million
noncitizens in the USA,
noncitizens in the USA,
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U SAD-u je 23 milijuna pridošlica,
05:26
according to verifiable federal data.
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prema provjerljivim saveznim podacima.
05:28
And that doesn't include the undocumented,
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No tu ne spadaju
pridošlice bez dokumenata,
pridošlice bez dokumenata,
05:30
because numbers for that population
are at best complex estimates.
are at best complex estimates.
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jer brojka za tu populaciju je u
najboljem slučaju složena procjena.
najboljem slučaju složena procjena.
05:34
Let's just work with what we have.
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Radimo zasad s onim što znamo.
05:36
That's 23 million social circles --
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To su 23 milijuna društvenih krugova,
05:39
about 100 million individuals
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oko 100 milijuna pojedinaca
05:42
whose lives could be impacted
by deportation.
by deportation.
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na čije je živote utjecalo protjerivanje.
05:45
And the stress of it all is trickling down
through the population.
through the population.
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Na kraju posljedice svega
ovoga najviše osjeća populacija.
ovoga najviše osjeća populacija.
05:49
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents
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Sveučilište u Kaliforniji provelo je
anketu u Los Angelesu 2017.
anketu u Los Angelesu 2017.
05:52
found that 30 percent
of citizens in LA County
of citizens in LA County
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koja pokazuje da je 30 posto
stanovništva okruga Los Angelesa
stanovništva okruga Los Angelesa
05:56
are stressed about deportation,
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u stalnoj napetosti zbog protjerivanja,
05:59
not because they themselves
could be removed,
could be removed,
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ne zato jer bi sami mogli
biti protjerani,
biti protjerani,
06:02
but rather, because members
of their social circle were at risk.
of their social circle were at risk.
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već zato što postoji mogućnost
da će protjerati članove njihovog kruga.
da će protjerati članove njihovog kruga.
06:07
I am not suggesting that no one
should ever be deported;
should ever be deported;
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Ne tvrdim da nitko nikada
nebi trebao biti protjeran,
nebi trebao biti protjeran,
06:10
don't confuse me with that.
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nemojte to misliti.
06:12
But what I am saying is that we need
to look at the bigger picture.
to look at the bigger picture.
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Ono što govorim jest
da trebamo gledati širu sliku.
da trebamo gledati širu sliku.
06:17
If you are within the sound of my voice,
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Ukoliko me sada slušate,
06:20
I want you to close your eyes for a moment
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želim da na trenutak zatvorite oči
06:22
and examine your own social circle.
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i pregledate svoj društveni krug.
06:25
Who are your foreign-born?
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Imate li vi osoba rođenih u inozemstvu?
06:28
What would it feel like
if the circle were broken?
if the circle were broken?
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Kako biste se osjećali
da je prekinut vaš krug?
da je prekinut vaš krug?
06:32
Share your story.
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Podijelite svoju priču.
06:34
I'm building a global archive
of first-person accounts
of first-person accounts
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Stvaram globalnu arhivu iskustava
06:37
and linking them with mapping technology,
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i povezujem ih tehnikom kartiranja,
06:39
so that we can see exactly
where these circles break,
where these circles break,
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kako bismo točno mogli
vidjeti gdje pucaju ti krugovi,
vidjeti gdje pucaju ti krugovi,
06:43
because this is not
just an American issue.
just an American issue.
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jer to nije problem samo u Americi.
06:46
There are a quarter-billion migrants
around the world;
around the world;
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U svijetu postoji oko
četvrt milijarde iseljenika,
četvrt milijarde iseljenika,
06:50
people living, loving and learning
in countries where they were not born.
in countries where they were not born.
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ljudi koji žive, vole i uče
u državama u kojima nisu rođeni.
u državama u kojima nisu rođeni.
06:54
And in my career, in my life,
I've been one of them:
I've been one of them:
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Tijekom svoje karijere, u životu,
bio sam jedan od njih:
bio sam jedan od njih:
06:56
in China, in Africa, in Europe.
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u Kini, Africi, Europi.
06:59
And each time I become
one of these foreigners --
one of these foreigners --
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Svaki put kada postanem stranac,
07:02
one of these strange-looking
guys in a new land --
guys in a new land --
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kad postanem osoba čudnog
izgleda u novoj zemlji,
izgleda u novoj zemlji,
07:06
I can't help but think back to that day
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uvijek se vratim na onaj dan
07:08
when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom
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kada sam bio u Donjem Manhattanu s mamom
07:10
all those decades ago,
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prije toliko desetljeća,
07:12
when I was scared,
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kad sam se uplašio
07:14
and I had just spotted that green lady.
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jer sam tek ugledao zelenu damu.
07:17
And I guess the question
that I keep on thinking about
that I keep on thinking about
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Pitanje o kojem stalno razmišljam
07:21
when I see her
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kada ugledam nju
07:23
and all the younger replicas of her
that are so obviously brown,
that are so obviously brown,
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i sve njezine prijašnje kopije
koje su tako očigledno smeđe,
koje su tako očigledno smeđe,
07:27
and even the paintings
that showcase her in the beginning
that showcase her in the beginning
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pa čak i slike koje prikazuju
kako je izgledala u početku
kako je izgledala u početku
07:30
as not quite green --
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u boji nimalo nalik na zelenu,
07:33
when I look at all of that,
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kada sagledam sve to,
07:36
the question that my research
seeks to answer
seeks to answer
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pitanje na koje nastojim
odgovoriti kroz istraživanje
odgovoriti kroz istraživanje
07:39
becomes, to me, the same one
that confounded me all those years ago:
that confounded me all those years ago:
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postaje isto ono pitanje koje
me bunilo prije toliko godina:
me bunilo prije toliko godina:
07:44
Is she a monster
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Je li ona čudovište
07:47
or a hero?
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ili heroj?
07:49
Thank you.
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Hvala.
07:50
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Duarte Geraldino - JournalistDuarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation.
Why you should listen
Duarte Geraldino is an American journalist who travels the country documenting how culture is being changed and challenged by shifting demographics, business and technology. He leads a team of skilled journalists who produce multimedia reports and short films that have been distributed around the world through national and global news networks. He is currently working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation called Hear Our Stories Now.
He is currently a special correspondent for PBS NewsHour. At the NewsHour, he reports and writes long-form television stories about business trends like the housing crisis that is gripping many American cities and developments in labor laws that some see as choking middle and low-income workers.
In 2017, one of Geraldino's short documentaries, Ordered Out, was screened in New York's Times Square as part of the Dominican Film Festival New York. It explores the impact of American identity and immigration and tells the story of a family being torn apart by US laws. In the same year, he was selected as a TED Resident. During his residency at TED's global headquarters, he started developing a digital journalism project to document the lives of US citizens who have lost people to deportation.
Previously, Geraldino worked as a National Correspondent for Al Jazeera America and as a local news reporter in New York, Ohio, Texas and Maryland.
Duarte Geraldino | Speaker | TED.com