TED Residency
Duarte Geraldino: What we're missing in the debate about immigration
Duarte Džeraldino (Duarte Geraldino): Šta nedostaje u debati o imigraciji
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,170,030 views
Između 2008. i 2016. godine, Sjedinjene Države su deportovale više od tri miliona ljudi. Šta se dešava sa onima koji ostaju? Novinar Duarte Džeraldino nastavlja priču o deportaciji tamo gde ju je država prekinula. Saznajte više o širem uticaju prinudnog ukljanjanja dok Džeraldino objašnjava kako iznenadno odsustvo majke, vlasnika lokalnog biznisa ili srednjoškolca utiče na okolinu i izaziva rasulo u vezama koje sjedinjuju naše zajednice.
Duarte Geraldino - Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
So, Ma was trying to explain
something to me
something to me
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Mama je pokušavala da mi objasni nešto
00:15
about Grandma and when they grew up,
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o baki i njihovom odrastanju,
00:17
but I couldn't pay attention to her
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ali nisam mogao da obratim pažnju na nju
00:19
because I was five years old,
and I was petrified.
and I was petrified.
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jer sam imao pet godina
i bio sam prestrašen.
i bio sam prestrašen.
00:21
I had just seen The Green Lady.
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Upravo sam video Zelenu damu.
Oko nedelju dana pre toga
pogledao sam taj film, „Godzilu“,
pogledao sam taj film, „Godzilu“,
00:24
Now, about a week earlier,
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
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onaj o ogromnom čudovištu nalik gušteru
koje napada veliki grad,
koje napada veliki grad,
00:27
the one about that huge lizard-like beast
storming a major city,
storming a major city,
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00:31
and the thought of a green monster
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
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i ideja o zelenom čudovištu
koji me vreba mi je bila usađena u glavu.
koji me vreba mi je bila usađena u glavu.
00:35
And yet there I was,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
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Ipak, bio sam tamo, na krajnjem delu
donjeg Menhetna, sa svojom mamom
donjeg Menhetna, sa svojom mamom
00:39
just staring at her:
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i samo sam zurio u nju:
00:40
her horns,
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njene rogove,
00:42
her muscles --
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njene mišiće -
00:43
all of it just frightened me.
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sve to me je plašilo.
00:44
And I didn't know
whether she was a monster or a hero.
whether she was a monster or a hero.
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Nisam znao da li je bila
čudovište ili heroj.
čudovište ili heroj.
Stoga sam odlučio
da konsultujem tadašnji Gugl:
da konsultujem tadašnji Gugl:
00:49
So I decided to consult
the Google of the day --
the Google of the day --
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„Mama! Mama!“
00:52
"Ma! Ma!"
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(Smeh)
00:53
(Laughter)
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00:55
My mother explained that The Green Lady
is actually the Statue of Liberty
is actually the Statue of Liberty
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Moja majka je objasnila
da je Zelena dama u stvari Kip slobode
da je Zelena dama u stvari Kip slobode
01:00
and that she was waving immigrants in.
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i da je ona mahala imigrantima da uđu.
01:02
Now, the part of her explanation
that really messed with my young head
that really messed with my young head
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Deo njenog objašnjenja koji je zaista
napravio pometnju u mojoj maloj glavi
napravio pometnju u mojoj maloj glavi
01:06
was the fact that, according to Ma,
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je bila činjenica da je,
po maminim rečima,
po maminim rečima,
01:09
long before us,
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mnogo pre nas
01:11
The Green Lady was actually brown,
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Zelena dama, u stvari, bila smeđa,
smeđa kao ja,
01:15
brown like me,
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i da je promenila boju tokom godina
01:16
and that she changed
colors over the years,
colors over the years,
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baš kao i Amerika.
01:19
much like America.
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01:21
Now, the part that really
is intriguing about this
is intriguing about this
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Deo koji je zaista intrigantan o ovome
01:26
is that when she changed colors,
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je da, kada je ona promenila boju,
01:28
she made me think about myself.
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naterala me je da razmišljam o sebi.
01:30
It all made sense to me,
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Sve je mi to imalo smisla,
01:31
because as a first-generation American,
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jer sam, kao Amerikanac prve generacije,
01:33
I was surrounded by immigrants.
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bio okružen imigrantima.
01:35
In fact, within my immediate social circle
of the people who support me,
of the people who support me,
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U stvari, u mom neposrednom
društvenom krugu ljudi koji me podržavaju,
društvenom krugu ljudi koji me podržavaju,
01:39
who enrich my life,
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koji obogaćuju moj život,
01:40
at least two are foreign-born.
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makar dvoje je stranog porekla.
Moj život kao američkog državljanina je
na mnoge načine oblikovan doseljenicima,
na mnoge načine oblikovan doseljenicima,
01:43
My life as a US citizen is in many ways
shaped by newcomers,
shaped by newcomers,
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01:46
and chances are,
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a verovatno je i vaš.
01:48
so is yours.
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Postoji više od 40 miliona
imigranata u SAD.
imigranata u SAD.
01:49
There are more than 40 million
immigrants in the USA.
immigrants in the USA.
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Prema popisu,
01:53
According to census data,
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četvrtina dece u ovoj naciji ima
makar jednog roditelja stranog porekla.
makar jednog roditelja stranog porekla.
01:54
a quarter of the nation's children
have at least one foreign-born parent.
have at least one foreign-born parent.
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Znam sve ove statističke podatke
jer proučavam globalne migracione obrasce.
jer proučavam globalne migracione obrasce.
01:59
I know all these statistics
because I study global migration patterns.
because I study global migration patterns.
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Novinar sam i nekoliko poslednjih godina
02:04
I'm a journalist,
and for the last few years,
and for the last few years,
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dokumentujem živote američkih državljana
02:06
I've been documenting
the lives of US citizens
the lives of US citizens
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koji su izgubili nekog zbog deportacije.
02:09
who've lost people to deportation.
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Brojevi su ogromni.
02:11
And the numbers are enormous.
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Od 2008. do 2016. godine
02:14
From 2008 to 2016,
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više od tri miliona ljudi je dobilo
„naredbu da se uklone“ -
„naredbu da se uklone“ -
02:16
more than three million people
were "ordered removed" --
were "ordered removed" --
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to je tehnički izraz za deportaciju.
02:19
that's the technical term
for being deported.
for being deported.
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Postoji ekonomska, politička,
psihološka i emotivna cena
psihološka i emotivna cena
02:23
There is an economic, a political,
a psychological and an emotional cost
a psychological and an emotional cost
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ovih deportacija -
02:28
to those deportations --
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trenuci kada se ovi krugovi razbiju.
02:30
the moments when these circles are broken.
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Jednom sam pitao američkog vojnika:
02:33
I once asked a US soldier,
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02:35
"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"
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„Zašto si se prijavila
da se boriš u ovom ratu?“
da se boriš u ovom ratu?“
Rekla mi je:
02:37
And she told me,
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„Zato što sam ponosna
što branim svoju zemlju.“
što branim svoju zemlju.“
02:39
"Because I'm proud to defend my country."
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Ali, navalio sam:
02:41
But I pressed to know --
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02:42
"Really, when you're on base,
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„Zaista, kada si u bazi,
i čuješ eksplozije bombi u daljini
02:44
and you hear bombs
exploding in the distance,
exploding in the distance,
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i vidiš vojnike koji se vraćaju
ozbiljno ranjeni,
ozbiljno ranjeni,
02:46
and you see soldiers coming back
who are gravely injured,
who are gravely injured,
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u tom trenutku,
kada znaš da možeš biti sledeća,
kada znaš da možeš biti sledeća,
02:50
in that moment,
when you know you could be next,
when you know you could be next,
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šta ti 'moja zemlja' znači?“
02:54
what does 'my country' mean?"
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Pogledala me je.
02:56
She looked at me.
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„Moja zemlja je moja žena,
02:58
"My country is my wife,
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moja porodica,
03:00
my family,
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moji prijatelji, moji vojnici.“
03:01
my friends, my soldiers."
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Ono što mi je govorila je
03:03
What she was telling me
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03:04
is that "my country" is a collection
of these strong relationships;
of these strong relationships;
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da je „moja zemlja“ zbir ovih jakih veza,
ovih društvenih krugova.
03:08
these social circles.
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Kada se društveni krugovi oslabe,
03:10
When the social circles are weakened,
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i sama zemlja je slabija.
03:12
a country itself is weaker.
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Propuštamo presudan aspekt
u debati o imigracionoj politici.
u debati o imigracionoj politici.
03:15
We're missing a crucial aspect
in the debate about immigration policy.
in the debate about immigration policy.
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Umesto da se fokusiramo na pojedince,
03:18
Rather than focusing on individuals,
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treba da se fokusiramo na krugove oko njih
03:20
we should focus
on the circles around them,
on the circles around them,
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jer to su ljudi koji ostaju iza njih:
03:23
because these are the people
who are left behind:
who are left behind:
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glasači, poreski obveznici,
03:26
the voters, the taxpayers,
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oni koji trpe taj gubitak.
03:28
the ones who are suffering that loss.
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I nisu samo deca deportovanih
03:31
And it's not just the children
of the deported
of the deported
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ona koja trpe.
03:33
who are impacted.
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Imate braću i sestre
koji su razdvojeni granicama.
koji su razdvojeni granicama.
03:34
You have brothers and sisters
who are separated by borders.
who are separated by borders.
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Imate školske drugove,
učitelje, policajce,
učitelje, policajce,
03:37
You have classmates, teachers,
law enforcement officers,
law enforcement officers,
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tehnologe, naučnike, doktore,
03:40
technologists, scientists, doctors,
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koji se svi bore
da razumeju novu stvarnost
da razumeju novu stvarnost
03:42
who are all scrambling
to make sense of new realities
to make sense of new realities
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kada se njihovi društveni krugovi razbiju.
03:46
when their social circles are broken.
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Ovo su stvarni životi
iza svih ovih statističkih podataka
iza svih ovih statističkih podataka
03:49
These are the real lives
behind all these statistics
behind all these statistics
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koji dominiraju diskusijama
o imigracionoj politici.
o imigracionoj politici.
03:53
that dominate discussions
about immigration policy.
about immigration policy.
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Ipak, mi često ne mislimo na njih.
03:56
But we don't often think about them.
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Ja pokušavam da to promenim.
03:58
And I'm trying to change that.
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03:59
Here's just one of the real-life stories
that I've collected.
that I've collected.
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Ovo je samo jedna od stvarnih
životnih priča koju sam prikupio.
životnih priča koju sam prikupio.
I još uvek me proganja.
04:04
And it still haunts me.
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Upoznao sam Ramona
i njegovog sina 2016. godine,
i njegovog sina 2016. godine,
04:06
I met Ramon and his son in 2016,
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iste godine kada je obojici
bilo naređeno da napuste zemlju.
bilo naređeno da napuste zemlju.
04:10
the same year both of them
were being ordered out of the country.
were being ordered out of the country.
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Ramon je bio deportovan
u Latinsku Ameriku,
u Latinsku Ameriku,
04:14
Ramon was being deported to Latin America,
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dok je njegov sin,
narednik u američkoj vojci,
narednik u američkoj vojci,
04:18
while his son, who was a sergeant
in the US military,
in the US military,
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04:21
was being deployed.
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dobio prekomandu.
Deportovan,
04:24
Deported ...
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prekomandovan.
04:26
deployed.
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Ako pogledate samo Ramonov slučaj,
04:28
If you just look at Ramon's case,
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ne bi bilo jasno koliko je
duboko vezan za zemlju.
duboko vezan za zemlju.
04:31
it wouldn't be clear how deeply
connected to the country he is.
connected to the country he is.
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Ali, uzmite u obzir njegovog sina,
04:35
But consider his son:
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američkog državljanina koji brani zemlju
koja je prognala njegovog oca.
koja je prognala njegovog oca.
04:37
a US citizen defending a country
that's banished his father.
that's banished his father.
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Društveni krug je ključan ovde.
04:41
The social circle is what's key here.
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04:43
Here's another example
that illustrates those critical bonds.
that illustrates those critical bonds.
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Evo još jednog primera
koji ilustruje te ključne veze.
koji ilustruje te ključne veze.
Grupa građana u Filadelfiji
je bila zabrinuta za svoja radna mesta
je bila zabrinuta za svoja radna mesta
04:47
A group of citizens in Philadelphia
were concerned about their jobs,
were concerned about their jobs,
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jer je zakonski vlasnik
restorana u kojem su radili
restorana u kojem su radili
04:50
because the legal owner
of the restaurant where they worked
of the restaurant where they worked
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bio nedokumentovani imigrant
04:53
was an undocumented immigrant,
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i imigracioni zvaničnici su ga uhapsili.
04:55
and immigration officials
had picked him up.
had picked him up.
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Okupili su se oko njega.
04:58
They rallied behind him.
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04:59
An immigration lawyer argued
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Imigracioni advokat je tvrdio
da je suviše važan za lokalnu zajednicu
05:01
he was too important
to the local community
to the local community
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da bi bio deportovan.
05:03
to be deported.
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Na saslušanju su čak podneli
javne ocene restorana -
javne ocene restorana -
05:04
At the hearing, they even submitted
restaurant reviews --
restaurant reviews --
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javne ocene restorana!
05:08
restaurant reviews!
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Na kraju, sudija je pribegao onome
što se zove „sudijsko diskreciono pravo“
što se zove „sudijsko diskreciono pravo“
05:10
In the end, a judge exercised
what's called "judicial discretion"
what's called "judicial discretion"
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i dozvolio mu da ostane u zemlji,
05:15
and allowed him to stay in the country,
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ali samo zato što su uzeli
u obzir društveni krug.
u obzir društveni krug.
05:17
but only because they considered
the social circle.
the social circle.
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Ima 23 miliona ljudi
bez američkog državljanstva u SAD
bez američkog državljanstva u SAD
05:21
There are 23 million
noncitizens in the USA,
noncitizens in the USA,
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prema pouzdanim federalnim podacima.
05:26
according to verifiable federal data.
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05:28
And that doesn't include the undocumented,
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To ne uključuje nedokumentovane
jer je njihov broj, u najboljem slučaju,
kompleksna procena.
kompleksna procena.
05:30
because numbers for that population
are at best complex estimates.
are at best complex estimates.
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Hajde da radimo samo sa onim što imamo.
05:34
Let's just work with what we have.
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To je 23 miliona društvenih krugova -
05:36
That's 23 million social circles --
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oko 100 miliona pojedinaca
05:39
about 100 million individuals
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na čije živote deportacija može uticati.
05:42
whose lives could be impacted
by deportation.
by deportation.
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A stres oko svega toga se širi kroz narod.
05:45
And the stress of it all is trickling down
through the population.
through the population.
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Anketa stanovnika losanđeleskog okruga
05:49
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents
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od strane kalifornijskog univerziteta
iz 2017. godine je otkrila
iz 2017. godine je otkrila
05:52
found that 30 percent
of citizens in LA County
of citizens in LA County
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da je 30 posto
građana losanđeleskog okruga
građana losanđeleskog okruga
pod stresom zbog deportacije -
05:56
are stressed about deportation,
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ne zato što oni sami mogu biti uklonjeni,
05:59
not because they themselves
could be removed,
could be removed,
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već zato što su članovi njihovog
društvenog kruga imali taj rizik.
društvenog kruga imali taj rizik.
06:02
but rather, because members
of their social circle were at risk.
of their social circle were at risk.
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Ne predlažem da niko nikada
ne treba da bude deportovan;
ne treba da bude deportovan;
06:07
I am not suggesting that no one
should ever be deported;
should ever be deported;
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nemojte me pogrešno shvatiti.
06:10
don't confuse me with that.
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Međutim, ono što kažem je da treba
da sagledamo širu perspektivu.
da sagledamo širu perspektivu.
06:12
But what I am saying is that we need
to look at the bigger picture.
to look at the bigger picture.
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Ako me čujete,
06:17
If you are within the sound of my voice,
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želim da zatvorite oči na trenutak
06:20
I want you to close your eyes for a moment
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i ispitate svoj lični društveni krug.
06:22
and examine your own social circle.
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Ko je stranog porekla?
06:25
Who are your foreign-born?
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Kako biste se osećali
da se taj krug razbije?
da se taj krug razbije?
06:28
What would it feel like
if the circle were broken?
if the circle were broken?
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Podelite svoju priču.
06:32
Share your story.
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Pravim globalnu arhivu priča iz prve ruke
06:34
I'm building a global archive
of first-person accounts
of first-person accounts
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i povezujem ih
sa tehnologijom izrade mapa,
sa tehnologijom izrade mapa,
06:37
and linking them with mapping technology,
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tako da možemo tačno da vidimo
gde se ovi krugovi razbijaju,
gde se ovi krugovi razbijaju,
06:39
so that we can see exactly
where these circles break,
where these circles break,
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jer ovo nije problem samo u Americi.
06:43
because this is not
just an American issue.
just an American issue.
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Ima 250 miliona migranata širom sveta -
06:46
There are a quarter-billion migrants
around the world;
around the world;
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ljudi koji žive, vole i uče
u zemljama u kojima nisu rođeni.
u zemljama u kojima nisu rođeni.
06:50
people living, loving and learning
in countries where they were not born.
in countries where they were not born.
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U mojoj karijeri, u mom životu,
bio sam jedan od njih
bio sam jedan od njih
06:54
And in my career, in my life,
I've been one of them:
I've been one of them:
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u Kini, u Africi, u Evropi.
06:56
in China, in Africa, in Europe.
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Svaki put kada postanem
jedan od ovih stranaca -
jedan od ovih stranaca -
06:59
And each time I become
one of these foreigners --
one of these foreigners --
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jedan od ovih momaka
čudnog izgleda u novoj zemlji -
čudnog izgleda u novoj zemlji -
07:02
one of these strange-looking
guys in a new land --
guys in a new land --
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ne mogu da ne pomislim na taj dan
07:06
I can't help but think back to that day
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kada sam bio u donjem Menhetnu sa mamom
07:08
when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom
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pre toliko desetina godina,
07:10
all those decades ago,
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kada sam bio uplašen
07:12
when I was scared,
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i kada sam ugledao tu Zelenu damu.
07:14
and I had just spotted that green lady.
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Pretpostavljam da je pitanje
o kojem nastavljam da razmišljam
o kojem nastavljam da razmišljam
07:17
And I guess the question
that I keep on thinking about
that I keep on thinking about
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kada vidim nju
07:21
when I see her
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i sve njene mlađe replike
koje su tako očigledno smeđe,
koje su tako očigledno smeđe,
07:23
and all the younger replicas of her
that are so obviously brown,
that are so obviously brown,
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čak i slike koje je prikazuju na početku
07:27
and even the paintings
that showcase her in the beginning
that showcase her in the beginning
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kao ne toliko zelenu -
07:30
as not quite green --
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kada vidim sve to,
07:33
when I look at all of that,
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pitanje na koje moje istraživanje
pokušava da odgovori
pokušava da odgovori
07:36
the question that my research
seeks to answer
seeks to answer
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postaje, za mene, isto ono
koje me je zbunjivalo pre toliko godina:
koje me je zbunjivalo pre toliko godina:
07:39
becomes, to me, the same one
that confounded me all those years ago:
that confounded me all those years ago:
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da li je ona čudovište
07:44
Is she a monster
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ili heroj?
07:47
or a hero?
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Hvala.
07:49
Thank you.
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(Aplauz)
07:50
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Duarte Geraldino - JournalistDuarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation.
Why you should listen
Duarte Geraldino is an American journalist who travels the country documenting how culture is being changed and challenged by shifting demographics, business and technology. He leads a team of skilled journalists who produce multimedia reports and short films that have been distributed around the world through national and global news networks. He is currently working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation called Hear Our Stories Now.
He is currently a special correspondent for PBS NewsHour. At the NewsHour, he reports and writes long-form television stories about business trends like the housing crisis that is gripping many American cities and developments in labor laws that some see as choking middle and low-income workers.
In 2017, one of Geraldino's short documentaries, Ordered Out, was screened in New York's Times Square as part of the Dominican Film Festival New York. It explores the impact of American identity and immigration and tells the story of a family being torn apart by US laws. In the same year, he was selected as a TED Resident. During his residency at TED's global headquarters, he started developing a digital journalism project to document the lives of US citizens who have lost people to deportation.
Previously, Geraldino worked as a National Correspondent for Al Jazeera America and as a local news reporter in New York, Ohio, Texas and Maryland.
Duarte Geraldino | Speaker | TED.com