ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stephanie Busari - Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital.

Why you should listen

Stephanie Busari moved to Lagos from London in July 2016 to pioneer CNN's first digital and multimedia bureau. She also reports on-air in breaking news situations for CNN International.

In April 2016 Busari exclusively obtained the "proof of life" video that showed that the missing Chibok schoolgirls who were kidnapped in Nigeria in 2014 were still alive. She was also an instrumental member of the CNN team that won a Peabody Award in May 2015 for the network's coverage of the missing girls. Busari recently won a Gracie Award for her persistence in covering this story, and she's also a previous recipient of the Outstanding Woman in the Media Awards.

Busari is a passionate community activist who curated TEDxBrixton for three years before she left London. She founded TEDxBrixton in 2013 driven by a desire to bring disparate elements of her community together and to create a platform for those who wouldn't normally have one to share their ideas worth spreading.

A passionate and adept public speaker, Busari is regularly invited to share her insights and host panels. She has spoken at UN Women, Said Business School, Oxford, Africa Gathering among others.

Over a 15-year career, Busari has worked as a news reporter, entertainment and features writer, court reporter and columnist, and she has been published in many of the UK and international media's most influential outlets, such as the BBC and Daily Mirror.

During a six-month stint in Northern Ireland in 2003, Busari spent time in some of the worst affected areas of "The Troubles" and secured interviews with a crucifixion victim, government ministers and paramilitaries. While there, she also launched and edited an award-winning lifestyle column.

A native Yoruba speaker, Busari also speaks fluent French and is currently learning Hausa.  

More profile about the speaker
Stephanie Busari | Speaker | TED.com
TEDLagos Ideas Search

Stephanie Busari: How fake news does real harm

斯蒂芬妮·布萨里: 虚假新闻造成的真实伤害

Filmed:
1,358,172 views

2014年4月14日,恐怖组织“博科圣地”在尼日利亚奇博克绑架了超过两百名女学生。这则罪行在全球范围内引发关注并催生了 #BringBackOurGirls 运动——但是在尼日利亚,政府声称绑架案是虚假新闻,从而导致拯救行动遭到阻碍和推迟。在这场振聋发聩的演讲中,记者斯蒂芬妮·布萨里指出了奇博克绑架案悲剧的原因,在于虚假新闻带来的致命后果,以及我们该如何阻止它。
- Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I want to tell you a story故事 about a girl女孩.
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我想讲一个女孩子的故事。
但是我不能说出她的真名。
00:16
But I can't tell you her real真实 name名称.
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00:19
So let's just call her HadizaHadiza.
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就叫她哈迪扎好了。
哈迪扎今年20岁。
00:21
HadizaHadiza is 20.
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00:23
She's shy害羞,
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她很害羞,
但是笑起来很好看,活力四射。
00:24
but she has a beautiful美丽 smile微笑
that lights灯火 up her face面对.
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00:28
But she's in constant不变 pain疼痛.
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但她生活在痛苦中。
00:32
And she will likely容易 be on medication药物治疗
for the rest休息 of her life.
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她很可能需要终身药物治疗。
00:37
Do you want to know why?
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你们想知道为什么吗?
00:39
HadizaHadiza is a ChibokChibok girl女孩,
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哈迪扎来自奇博克,
00:42
and on April四月 14, 2014, she was kidnapped绑架
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在2014年4月14日,
她被“博科圣地”恐怖分子绑架。
00:46
by Boko博科 Haram闺房 terrorists恐怖分子.
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00:48
She managed管理 to escape逃逸, though虽然,
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不过,她成功逃过一劫,
00:51
by jumping跳跃 off the truck卡车
that was carrying携带 the girls女孩.
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跳下了载满女孩的卡车。
00:54
But when she landed登陆,
she broke打破 both her legs,
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但是她的腿在跳车时摔断了,
00:57
and she had to crawl爬行 on her tummy趴着
to hide隐藏 in the bushes灌木丛.
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她不得不爬进灌木丛躲藏。
01:00
She told me she was terrified
that Boko博科 Haram闺房 would come back for her.
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她告诉我,她当时吓坏了,害怕
“博科圣地”的人会回来抓她。
01:05
She was one of 57 girls女孩 who would escape逃逸
by jumping跳跃 off trucks卡车 that day.
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那天跳车逃生的共有
57名女孩,她是其中之一。
01:10
This story故事, quite相当 rightly正当地, caused造成 ripples涟漪
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这个故事很快在全球范围内
01:12
around the world世界.
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引起关注。
01:14
People like Michelle米歇尔 Obama奥巴马,
Malala马拉拉 and others其他
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米歇尔·奥巴马、马拉拉等人
01:17
lent借给 their voices声音 in protest抗议,
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都加入声援,
01:19
and at about the same相同 time --
I was living活的 in London伦敦 at the time --
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与此同时——当时我住在伦敦——
01:23
I was sent发送 from London伦敦 to Abuja阿布贾
to cover the World世界 Economic经济 Forum论坛
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我被派到阿布贾去报道世界经济论坛,
01:27
that Nigeria尼日利亚 was hosting托管
for the first time.
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那是(论坛)首次在尼日利亚举办。
01:30
But when we arrived到达, it was clear明确
that there was only one story故事 in town.
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但在当时的阿布贾,很明显
(绑架案)才是大家唯一关心的事。
01:35
We put the government政府 under pressure压力.
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我们给政府施加了很大的压力。
问了很多尖锐的问题,询问他们
01:37
We asked tough强硬 questions问题
about what they were doing
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解救这些女孩子的进展。
01:40
to bring带来 these girls女孩 back.
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01:42
Understandably可以理解,
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可以理解的是,
他们不太喜欢我们咄咄逼人的问题,
01:44
they weren't too happy快乐
with our line线 of questioning疑问,
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01:46
and let's just say we received收到
our fair公平 share分享 of "alternative替代 facts事实."
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因此我们只得到了一些
“莫须有的事实”。
01:50
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:53
Influential影响 Nigerians尼日利亚人
were telling告诉 us at the time
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当时尼日利亚一些
有影响力的人告诉我们
01:56
that we were naïve已经,
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我们太天真了,
01:58
we didn't understand理解
the political政治 situation情况 in Nigeria尼日利亚.
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根本不了解尼日利亚的政治局势。
02:02
But they also told us
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但他们也告诉我们
02:05
that the story故事 of the ChibokChibok girls女孩
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奇博克女生绑架案
02:07
was a hoax恶作剧.
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是假的。
02:10
Sadly可悲的是, this hoax恶作剧 narrative叙述 has persisted坚持,
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可悲的是,这个虚假的
版本依然流传着,
02:12
and there are still people
in Nigeria尼日利亚 today今天
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直到今天还有很多尼日利亚人
02:15
who believe that the ChibokChibok girls女孩
were never kidnapped绑架.
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认为奇博克女生绑架案没有发生过。
02:18
Yet然而 I was talking to people like these --
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但我的采访是真实的,
02:22
devastated满目疮痍 parents父母,
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我采访过那些绝望的父母,
02:24
who told us that on the day
Boko博科 Haram闺房 kidnapped绑架 their daughters女儿,
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他们告诉我,“博科圣地”
绑架了他们女儿的那天,
他们追着卡车冲进了塞比萨森林。
02:28
they ran into the SambisaSambisa Forest森林
after the trucks卡车 carrying携带 their daughters女儿.
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02:32
They were armed武装 with machetes砍刀,
but they were forced被迫 to turn back
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他们带着大砍刀,却被迫退了回来,
02:36
because Boko博科 Haram闺房 had guns枪炮.
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因为“博科圣地”的人拿着枪。
02:39
For two years年份, inevitably必将,
the news新闻 agenda议程 moved移动 on,
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2年过去了,不可避免的,
媒体的关注越来越少,
02:43
and for two years年份,
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过去2年,
02:44
we didn't hear much
about the ChibokChibok girls女孩.
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我们已经很少听到
奇博克女学生的消息。
02:47
Everyone大家 presumed假定 they were dead.
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所有人都推测她们已经死了。
02:50
But in April四月 last year,
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但是去年4月,
02:52
I was able能够 to obtain获得 this video视频.
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我通过某种途径拿到了这个录像。
02:55
This is a still from the video视频
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这是从录像中抽出的一幅画面,
02:56
that Boko博科 Haram闺房 filmed拍摄 as a proof证明 of life,
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“博科圣地”用录像证明她们还活着,
03:00
and through通过 a source资源,
I obtained获得 this video视频.
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通过某种渠道,我拿到了这份录像。
03:04
But before I could publish发布 it,
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但在我公开录像之前,
我需要去尼日利亚的东北部,
03:05
I had to travel旅行
to the northeast东北 of Nigeria尼日利亚
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03:08
to talk to the parents父母, to verify校验 it.
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去找女孩的父母,
确认(录像的)真实性。
03:11
I didn't have to wait
too long for confirmation确认.
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我几乎立刻得到了确认。
03:15
One of the mothers母亲,
when she watched看着 the video视频, told me
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其中一位母亲看到这段录像后
告诉我,她多么希望能够
把手伸进笔记本电脑
03:18
that if she could have reached到达
into the laptop笔记本电脑
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把她的女儿从屏幕里拽出来,
03:21
and pulled our her child儿童 from the laptop笔记本电脑,
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03:25
she would have doneDONE so.
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她一秒钟都不能等。
03:28
For those of you who are parents父母,
like myself, in the audience听众,
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在座的各位,如果你们像我一样,
已经为人父母,
03:31
you can only imagine想像 the anguish痛苦
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你大概就能想象到那位母亲
03:34
that that mother母亲 felt.
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所承受的巨大痛苦。
03:37
This video视频 would go on to kick-start脚踏启动
negotiation谈判 talks会谈 with Boko博科 Haram闺房.
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这段录像成为跟“博科圣地”
谈判的起点。
03:44
And a Nigerian尼日利亚 senator参议员 told me
that because of this video视频
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一位尼日利亚议员告诉我,
正是因为这段录像,
03:48
they entered进入 into those talks会谈,
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他们才开始进行谈判,
因为他们很久以前就已经推测
这些奇博克女生已经死了。
03:50
because they had long presumed假定
that the ChibokChibok girls女孩 were dead.
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03:54
Twenty-one二十一 girls女孩 were freed释放
in October十月 last year.
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去年10月,21名女生得以被释放。
03:59
Sadly可悲的是, nearly几乎 200 of them
still remain missing失踪.
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不幸的是,仍有
约200名女生下落不明。
04:03
I must必须 confess承认 that I have not been
a dispassionate冷静 observer观察者
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我必须承认,在报道这则
新闻的时候,我并不是个中立的
04:07
covering覆盖 this story故事.
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观察者。
每当我想起那么多解救她们的机会
被白白浪费的时候,
04:09
I am furious狂怒 when I think
about the wasted浪费 opportunities机会
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04:14
to rescue拯救 these girls女孩.
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我就非常的愤怒。
每当我想起那些女孩的父母告诉我,
如果她们的家庭
04:15
I am furious狂怒 when I think about
what the parents父母 have told me,
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04:19
that if these were daughters女儿
of the rich丰富 and the powerful强大,
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富有且有权势,那么肯定早就被
解救出来了的时候
我就非常的愤怒。
04:22
they would have been found发现 much earlier.
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04:26
And I am furious狂怒
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我还愤怒于
那些假新闻,
04:28
that the hoax恶作剧 narrative叙述,
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04:30
I firmly牢牢 believe,
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我非常肯定,
04:32
caused造成 a delay延迟;
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这些假新闻拖延了救援,
04:34
it was part部分 of the reason原因
for the delay延迟 in their return返回.
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导致女生们没能早些回家。
04:38
This illustrates说明 to me
the deadly致命 danger危险 of fake news新闻.
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这让我看到了假新闻的致命危险性。
04:43
So what can we do about it?
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那么我们能做什么?
04:45
There are some very smart聪明 people,
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在谷歌和脸书有一群
04:47
smart聪明 engineers工程师 at Google谷歌 and FacebookFacebook的,
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非常聪明的工程师,
04:50
who are trying to use technology技术
to stop the spread传播 of fake news新闻.
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努力用高科技手段
来阻止假新闻的传播。
04:55
But beyond that, I think
everybody每个人 here -- you and I --
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但除此之外,我相信在座的
每一位——包括你和我——
05:00
we have a role角色 to play in that.
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都有义务参与其中。
05:02
We are the ones那些 who share分享 the content内容.
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我们是分享新闻的人。
05:04
We are the ones那些 who share分享
the stories故事 online线上.
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我们在网上传播报道。
05:07
In this day and age年龄, we're all publishers出版商,
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在当今社会,我们都是出版者,
05:10
and we have responsibility责任.
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我们都承担着责任。
05:13
In my job工作 as a journalist记者,
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作为一名记者,
05:15
I check, I verify校验.
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我检查和确认(报道的)真实性。
05:17
I trust相信 my gut肠道, but I ask tough强硬 questions问题.
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我相信直觉,也提出质疑。
05:21
Why is this person telling告诉 me this story故事?
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为什么这个人要告诉我这个故事?
05:24
What do they have to gain获得
by sharing分享 this information信息?
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他们分享这些信息的目的是什么?
05:28
Do they have a hidden agenda议程?
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他们是否暗地里另有所图?
05:30
I really believe that we must必须 all start开始
to ask tougher强硬 questions问题
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我真的认为,从现在开始,
对于从网上得到的信息,
05:36
of information信息 that we discover发现 online线上.
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我们需要提出质疑。
05:41
Research研究 shows节目 that some of us
don't even read beyond headlines新闻头条
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研究显示,我们中有些人
在转发一条新闻之前,
05:47
before we share分享 stories故事.
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甚至只看了一眼标题。
05:49
Who here has doneDONE that?
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你们谁这么干过?
05:51
I know I have.
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我就这么干过。
05:54
But what if
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但是如果
05:57
we stopped停止 taking服用 information信息
that we discover发现 at face面对 value?
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我们停止转发那些我们
匆匆一瞥看到的信息会怎样?
06:02
What if we stop to think
about the consequence后果
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如果我们停下来想一想,
我们的转发可能
包含暴力或仇恨言论,
06:05
of the information信息 that we pass通过 on
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06:08
and its potential潜在 to incite煽动
violence暴力 or hatred?
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会有什么后果,会怎样?
06:12
What if we stop to think
about the real-life现实生活 consequences后果
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如果我们在转发之前,
认真的想一想这样的行为
06:17
of the information信息 that we share分享?
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会对真实的世界
造成什么影响,又会怎样?
06:20
Thank you very much for listening.
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非常感谢大家的聆听。
(掌声)
06:21
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by Wei Wu
Reviewed by Alvin Lee

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stephanie Busari - Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital.

Why you should listen

Stephanie Busari moved to Lagos from London in July 2016 to pioneer CNN's first digital and multimedia bureau. She also reports on-air in breaking news situations for CNN International.

In April 2016 Busari exclusively obtained the "proof of life" video that showed that the missing Chibok schoolgirls who were kidnapped in Nigeria in 2014 were still alive. She was also an instrumental member of the CNN team that won a Peabody Award in May 2015 for the network's coverage of the missing girls. Busari recently won a Gracie Award for her persistence in covering this story, and she's also a previous recipient of the Outstanding Woman in the Media Awards.

Busari is a passionate community activist who curated TEDxBrixton for three years before she left London. She founded TEDxBrixton in 2013 driven by a desire to bring disparate elements of her community together and to create a platform for those who wouldn't normally have one to share their ideas worth spreading.

A passionate and adept public speaker, Busari is regularly invited to share her insights and host panels. She has spoken at UN Women, Said Business School, Oxford, Africa Gathering among others.

Over a 15-year career, Busari has worked as a news reporter, entertainment and features writer, court reporter and columnist, and she has been published in many of the UK and international media's most influential outlets, such as the BBC and Daily Mirror.

During a six-month stint in Northern Ireland in 2003, Busari spent time in some of the worst affected areas of "The Troubles" and secured interviews with a crucifixion victim, government ministers and paramilitaries. While there, she also launched and edited an award-winning lifestyle column.

A native Yoruba speaker, Busari also speaks fluent French and is currently learning Hausa.  

More profile about the speaker
Stephanie Busari | Speaker | TED.com