ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stephanie Busari - Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital.

Why you should listen

Stephanie Busari moved to Lagos from London in July 2016 to pioneer CNN's first digital and multimedia bureau. She also reports on-air in breaking news situations for CNN International.

In April 2016 Busari exclusively obtained the "proof of life" video that showed that the missing Chibok schoolgirls who were kidnapped in Nigeria in 2014 were still alive. She was also an instrumental member of the CNN team that won a Peabody Award in May 2015 for the network's coverage of the missing girls. Busari recently won a Gracie Award for her persistence in covering this story, and she's also a previous recipient of the Outstanding Woman in the Media Awards.

Busari is a passionate community activist who curated TEDxBrixton for three years before she left London. She founded TEDxBrixton in 2013 driven by a desire to bring disparate elements of her community together and to create a platform for those who wouldn't normally have one to share their ideas worth spreading.

A passionate and adept public speaker, Busari is regularly invited to share her insights and host panels. She has spoken at UN Women, Said Business School, Oxford, Africa Gathering among others.

Over a 15-year career, Busari has worked as a news reporter, entertainment and features writer, court reporter and columnist, and she has been published in many of the UK and international media's most influential outlets, such as the BBC and Daily Mirror.

During a six-month stint in Northern Ireland in 2003, Busari spent time in some of the worst affected areas of "The Troubles" and secured interviews with a crucifixion victim, government ministers and paramilitaries. While there, she also launched and edited an award-winning lifestyle column.

A native Yoruba speaker, Busari also speaks fluent French and is currently learning Hausa.  

More profile about the speaker
Stephanie Busari | Speaker | TED.com
TEDLagos Ideas Search

Stephanie Busari: How fake news does real harm

史蒂芬妮‧布薩里: 假新聞造成的真實傷害

Filmed:
1,358,172 views

2014 年 4 月 14 日,超過 200 名奇博克女孩被博科勝地恐怖分子綁架,此事件在世界上引發了 #釋放我們的女孩 (#BringBackOurGirls) 的活動。但奈及利亞政府卻聲稱該綁架案是假新聞,因此而延誤了救援行動。在這場演講中,記者史蒂芬妮‧布薩里以奇博克綁架案說明假新聞的致命性,以及我們該如何阻止假新聞的傳播。
- Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I want to tell you a story故事 about a girl女孩.
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我想和你們分享一個女孩的故事,
00:16
But I can't tell you her real真實 name名稱.
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但我不能說出她的真名,
00:19
So let's just call her HadizaHadiza.
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所以我們暫且稱她為哈狄札。
00:21
HadizaHadiza is 20.
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她今年 20 歲,
00:23
She's shy害羞,
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她很害羞,
00:24
but she has a beautiful美麗 smile微笑
that lights燈火 up her face面對.
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她的笑容看起來很美麗,
00:28
But she's in constant不變 pain疼痛.
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但她卻身在痛苦中,
00:32
And she will likely容易 be on medication藥物治療
for the rest休息 of her life.
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而且她可能終生都需要藥物治療。
00:37
Do you want to know why?
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你知道為什麼嗎?
00:39
HadizaHadiza is a ChibokChibok girl女孩,
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哈狄札來自奇博克,
00:42
and on April四月 14, 2014, she was kidnapped綁架
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2014 年 4 月 14 日,
她被博科聖地恐怖分子綁架。
00:46
by Boko博科 Haram閨房 terrorists恐怖分子.
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00:48
She managed管理 to escape逃逸, though雖然,
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她試圖要逃跑,
00:51
by jumping跳躍 off the truck卡車
that was carrying攜帶 the girls女孩.
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她從載滿女孩的卡車上跳下,
00:54
But when she landed登陸,
she broke打破 both her legs,
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但在著地時摔斷了雙腿,
00:57
and she had to crawl爬行 on her tummy趴著
to hide隱藏 in the bushes灌木叢.
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她得爬進草叢裡躲起來。
01:00
She told me she was terrified
that Boko博科 Haram閨房 would come back for her.
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她非常害怕恐怖份子會再度找上她,
01:05
She was one of 57 girls女孩 who would escape逃逸
by jumping跳躍 off trucks卡車 that day.
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那天共有 57 個女孩逃出卡車。
01:10
This story故事, quite相當 rightly正當地, caused造成 ripples漣漪
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這個事件很快的,
引起全球的關注。
01:12
around the world世界.
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01:14
People like Michelle米歇爾 Obama奧巴馬,
Malala馬拉拉 and others其他
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蜜雪兒歐巴馬、馬拉拉以及其他名人,
01:17
lent借給 their voices聲音 in protest抗議,
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都站出來發聲。
01:19
and at about the same相同 time --
I was living活的 in London倫敦 at the time --
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當時我正住在倫敦,
01:23
I was sent發送 from London倫敦 to Abuja阿布賈
to cover the World世界 Economic經濟 Forum論壇
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我被派到阿布加參與
奈及利亞首次主辦的
世界經濟論壇會議。
01:27
that Nigeria尼日利亞 was hosting託管
for the first time.
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01:30
But when we arrived到達, it was clear明確
that there was only one story故事 in town.
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當時綁架案在當地受到很大的關注,
01:35
We put the government政府 under pressure壓力.
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我們向當地政府施壓。
並詢問他們,
01:37
We asked tough強硬 questions問題
about what they were doing
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解救人質的進展。
01:40
to bring帶來 these girls女孩 back.
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01:42
Understandably可以理解,
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可以理解的是,
01:44
they weren't too happy快樂
with our line of questioning疑問,
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他們不喜歡被質問,
01:46
and let's just say we received收到
our fair公平 share分享 of "alternative替代 facts事實."
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所以我們只得到一些
「小道的事實消息」,
01:50
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
01:53
Influential有影響 Nigerians尼日利亞人
were telling告訴 us at the time
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具有影響力的當地人告訴我們,
01:56
that we were naïve已經,
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我們太天真了。
01:58
we didn't understand理解
the political政治 situation情況 in Nigeria尼日利亞.
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我們不了解奈及利亞的政治情勢,
02:02
But they also told us
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但他們也告訴我們。
02:05
that the story故事 of the ChibokChibok girls女孩
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奇博克女孩綁架案,
02:07
was a hoax惡作劇.
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是假的,
02:10
Sadly可悲的是, this hoax惡作劇 narrative敘述 has persisted堅持,
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難過的是,這些假謠言仍被流傳著。
02:12
and there are still people
in Nigeria尼日利亞 today今天
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直到現在,仍有當地人,
02:15
who believe that the ChibokChibok girls女孩
were never kidnapped綁架.
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深信奇博克女孩綁架案從未發生過,
02:18
Yet然而 I was talking to people like these --
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但我採訪過那些受害者,
02:22
devastated滿目瘡痍 parents父母,
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我採訪過那些絕望的父母,
02:24
who told us that on the day
Boko博科 Haram閨房 kidnapped綁架 their daughters女兒,
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他們訴說著女兒被綁架的那天,
02:28
they ran into the SambisaSambisa Forest森林
after the trucks卡車 carrying攜帶 their daughters女兒.
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他們追著卡車跑進山姆畢沙叢林裡,
02:32
They were armed武裝 with machetes砍刀,
but they were forced被迫 to turn back
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他們帶著彎刀衝進叢林裡,
但卻被迫回頭,
02:36
because Boko博科 Haram閨房 had guns槍砲.
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因為恐怖分子持有槍。
02:39
For two years年份, inevitably必將,
the news新聞 agenda議程 moved移動 on,
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這兩年來,此新聞受到的
關注越來越少,
02:43
and for two years年份,
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過去兩年來,
02:44
we didn't hear much
about the ChibokChibok girls女孩.
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我們沒有聽到太多
關於奇博克女孩的消息,
02:47
Everyone大家 presumed假定 they were dead.
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大家都認為她們死了。
02:50
But in April四月 last year,
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但去年四月,
02:52
I was able能夠 to obtain獲得 this video視頻.
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我拿到一部影片,
02:55
This is a still from the video視頻
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這是擷自影片的畫面,
02:56
that Boko博科 Haram閨房 filmed拍攝 as a proof證明 of life,
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恐怖分子以此證明女孩們還活著,
03:00
and through通過 a source資源,
I obtained獲得 this video視頻.
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我透過關係取得這部影片,
03:04
But before I could publish發布 it,
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但在我發佈影片前。
03:05
I had to travel旅行
to the northeast東北 of Nigeria尼日利亞
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我必須到奈及利亞的東北部,
03:08
to talk to the parents父母, to verify校驗 it.
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向受害者家長確認影片真實性,
03:11
I didn't have to wait
too long for confirmation確認.
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我很快就得到了答案。
03:15
One of the mothers母親,
when she watched看著 the video視頻, told me
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其中有一個母親
在看過影片後跟我說,
03:18
that if she could have reached到達
into the laptop筆記本電腦
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如果她能把手伸進螢幕裡,
03:21
and pulled our her child兒童 from the laptop筆記本電腦,
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並把她的女兒拉出來,
03:25
she would have doneDONE so.
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她真的很想這麼做。
03:28
For those of you who are parents父母,
like myself, in the audience聽眾,
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各位,如果你們跟我一樣,
已經為人父母的話,
03:31
you can only imagine想像 the anguish痛苦
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你大概能想像那位母親,
所承受的極大痛苦,
03:34
that that mother母親 felt.
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03:37
This video視頻 would go on to kick-start腳踏啟動
negotiation談判 talks會談 with Boko博科 Haram閨房.
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這部影片是與博科聖地談判的開端,
03:44
And a Nigerian尼日利亞 senator參議員 told me
that because of this video視頻
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奈及利亞的議員跟我說,
因為這部影片,
03:48
they entered進入 into those talks會談,
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他們現在才採取行動。
03:50
because they had long presumed假定
that the ChibokChibok girls女孩 were dead.
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因為他們之前認為女孩們早已死亡,
03:54
Twenty-one二十一 girls女孩 were freed釋放
in October十月 last year.
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去年十月,21 位女孩被釋放了,
03:59
Sadly可悲的是, nearly幾乎 200 of them
still remain missing失踪.
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不幸的是,大概還有
200 位失蹤的女孩,
04:03
I must必須 confess承認 that I have not been
a dispassionate冷靜 observer觀察者
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我得承認我沒有站在客觀的角度
04:07
covering覆蓋 this story故事.
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報導此事件,
04:09
I am furious狂怒 when I think
about the wasted浪費 opportunities機會
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每當想起有許多機會都被浪費掉時,
04:14
to rescue拯救 these girls女孩.
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我就非常地氣憤。
04:15
I am furious狂怒 when I think about
what the parents父母 have told me,
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每當想起那些父母說,
04:19
that if these were daughters女兒
of the rich豐富 and the powerful強大,
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如果他們是有錢有勢的人,
那些女孩們早就被解救時,
我就很氣憤。
04:22
they would have been found發現 much earlier.
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04:26
And I am furious狂怒
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我也對假新聞
04:28
that the hoax惡作劇 narrative敘述,
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感到憤怒。
04:30
I firmly牢牢 believe,
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我深信著
04:32
caused造成 a delay延遲;
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那是拖延救援的原因。
04:34
it was part部分 of the reason原因
for the delay延遲 in their return返回.
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害那些女孩無法提早被救出來,
04:38
This illustrates說明 to me
the deadly致命 danger危險 of fake news新聞.
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這讓我了解到假新聞
所造成的真實傷害,
04:43
So what can we do about it?
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我們能做什麼?
04:45
There are some very smart聰明 people,
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在谷歌及臉書有一群,
04:47
smart聰明 engineers工程師 at Google谷歌 and FacebookFacebook的,
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非常聰明的工程師們,
04:50
who are trying to use technology技術
to stop the spread傳播 of fake news新聞.
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試圖用新科技防止假新聞的散佈。
04:55
But beyond that, I think
everybody每個人 here -- you and I --
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但除此之外,我想每一個人,
包含你和我,
05:00
we have a role角色 to play in that.
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都要參與其中,
05:02
We are the ones那些 who share分享 the content內容.
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我們會分享新聞,
05:04
We are the ones那些 who share分享
the stories故事 online線上.
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我們會在網路上分享故事,
05:07
In this day and age年齡, we're all publishers出版商,
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在這個時代,我們就是出版者,
05:10
and we have responsibility責任.
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所以我們應要承擔責任。
05:13
In my job工作 as a journalist記者,
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身為一位記者,
05:15
I check, I verify校驗.
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我會檢查、確認。
05:17
I trust相信 my gut腸道, but I ask tough強硬 questions問題.
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我相信我的直覺,但我也會質問,
05:21
Why is this person telling告訴 me this story故事?
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為什麼這個人要告訴我這個故事?
05:24
What do they have to gain獲得
by sharing分享 this information信息?
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他們能從分享此資訊中獲得什麼?
05:28
Do they have a hidden agenda議程?
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他們是不是有別的意圖?
05:30
I really believe that we must必須 all start開始
to ask tougher強硬 questions問題
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我相信我們應該要開始質問
05:36
of information信息 that we discover發現 online線上.
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我們在網路上發現的資訊,
05:41
Research研究 shows節目 that some of us
don't even read beyond headlines新聞頭條
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有研究指出,有些人只看到標題,
05:47
before we share分享 stories故事.
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就分享資訊。
05:49
Who here has doneDONE that?
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在座有人這麼做過嗎?
05:51
I know I have.
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我就曾經做過,
05:54
But what if
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但如果
05:57
we stopped停止 taking服用 information信息
that we discover發現 at face面對 value?
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我們能停止轉發未經證實的消息,
06:02
What if we stop to think
about the consequence後果
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如果我們能仔細思考,
06:05
of the information信息 that we pass通過 on
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我們所轉發的訊息,
06:08
and its potential潛在 to incite煽動
violence暴力 or hatred?
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可能會引發暴力或仇恨,
06:12
What if we stop to think
about the real-life現實生活 consequences後果
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如果我們能在分享訊息前仔細思考,
此舉會對真實世界造成什麼樣影響?
06:17
of the information信息 that we share分享?
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06:20
Thank you very much for listening.
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感謝各位的聆聽。
06:21
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Candice Su
Reviewed by Yanyan Hong

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stephanie Busari - Journalist
Stephanie Busari is a journalist and editor at CNN International Digital.

Why you should listen

Stephanie Busari moved to Lagos from London in July 2016 to pioneer CNN's first digital and multimedia bureau. She also reports on-air in breaking news situations for CNN International.

In April 2016 Busari exclusively obtained the "proof of life" video that showed that the missing Chibok schoolgirls who were kidnapped in Nigeria in 2014 were still alive. She was also an instrumental member of the CNN team that won a Peabody Award in May 2015 for the network's coverage of the missing girls. Busari recently won a Gracie Award for her persistence in covering this story, and she's also a previous recipient of the Outstanding Woman in the Media Awards.

Busari is a passionate community activist who curated TEDxBrixton for three years before she left London. She founded TEDxBrixton in 2013 driven by a desire to bring disparate elements of her community together and to create a platform for those who wouldn't normally have one to share their ideas worth spreading.

A passionate and adept public speaker, Busari is regularly invited to share her insights and host panels. She has spoken at UN Women, Said Business School, Oxford, Africa Gathering among others.

Over a 15-year career, Busari has worked as a news reporter, entertainment and features writer, court reporter and columnist, and she has been published in many of the UK and international media's most influential outlets, such as the BBC and Daily Mirror.

During a six-month stint in Northern Ireland in 2003, Busari spent time in some of the worst affected areas of "The Troubles" and secured interviews with a crucifixion victim, government ministers and paramilitaries. While there, she also launched and edited an award-winning lifestyle column.

A native Yoruba speaker, Busari also speaks fluent French and is currently learning Hausa.  

More profile about the speaker
Stephanie Busari | Speaker | TED.com