ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kyra Gaunt - Ethnomusicologist
A member of the inaugural TED Fellows class, Dr. Kyra Gaunt is an ethnomusicologist, singer-songwriter, and a social media researcher on faculty at University at Albany, SUNY.

Why you should listen

Kyra Gaunt's book, The Games Black Girls Play: Learning the Ropes from Double-Dutch to Hip-Hop, published by NYU Press, won of the 2007 Alan Merriam Book Prize awarded by The Society for Ethnomusicology, which contributed to the emergence of black girlhood studies and hip-hop feminism. It also inspired a work by fellow TED Fellow Camille A. Brown, BLACK GIRL: Linguistic Play, which was nominated for a 2016 Bessie Award for Outstanding Production.

Gaunt's articles have appeared in Musical Quarterly, The Journal for Popular Music Studies and Parcours anthropologiques, and she has contributed chapters to I Was Born to Use Mics: Listening to Nas’ Illmatic and The Hip-hop & Obama Reader, among other publications.  

Gaunt's scholarship has been funded by The Ford Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities and is a nationally- and internationally-recognized speaker. She also is a certified expert witness in federal and state cases on the unintended consequences of social media. She also continues to perform and record as a classically-trained, jazz vocalist and R&B singer-songwriter. Her original compositions are available on the CD Be the True Revolution available on iTunes and CDBaby.

More profile about the speaker
Kyra Gaunt | Speaker | TED.com
Small Thing Big Idea

Kyra Gaunt: How the jump rope got its rhythm

Filmed:
453,746 views

"Down down, baby, down down the roller coaster..." Hip-hop owes a lot of the queens of double dutch. Ethnomusicologist Kyra Gaunt takes us on a tour of the fascinating history of the jump rope.
- Ethnomusicologist
A member of the inaugural TED Fellows class, Dr. Kyra Gaunt is an ethnomusicologist, singer-songwriter, and a social media researcher on faculty at University at Albany, SUNY. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

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If you do it right, it should sound like:
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TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat,
TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat.
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If you do it wrong, it sounds like:
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Tick-TAT, tick-TAT, tick-TAT.
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[Small thing. Big idea.]
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00:25
[Kyra Gaunt on
the Jump Rope]
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The jump rope is such a simple object.
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It can be made out of rope,
a clothesline, twine.
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It has, like, a twirl on it. (Laughs)
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I'm not sure how to describe that.
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What's important
is that it has a certain weight,
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and that they have
that kind of whip sound.
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It's not clear what the origin
of the jump rope is.
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There's some evidence
that it began in ancient Egypt, Phoenicia,
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and then it most likely traveled
to North America with Dutch settlers.
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The rope became a big thing
when women's clothes became more fitted
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and the pantaloon came into being.
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And so, girls were able to jump rope
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because their skirts
wouldn't catch the ropes.
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01:09
Governesses used it
to train their wards to jump rope.
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01:13
Even formerly enslaved African children
in the antebellum South
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jumped rope, too.
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01:17
In the 1950s, in Harlem,
Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens,
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you could see on the sidewalk,
lots of girls playing with ropes.
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Sometimes they would take two ropes
and turn them as a single rope together,
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but you could separate them and turn
them in like an eggbeater on each other.
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The skipping rope
was like a steady timeline --
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tick, tick, tick, tick --
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upon which you can add rhymes
and rhythms and chants.
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Those ropes created a space
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where we were able
to contribute to something
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that was far greater
than the neighborhood.
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Double Dutch jump rope remains
a powerful symbol of culture and identity
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for black women.
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Back from the 1950s to the 1970s,
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girls weren't supposed to play sports.
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Boys played baseball,
basketball and football,
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and girls weren't allowed.
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A lot has changed, but in that era,
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girls would rule the playground.
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They'd make sure
that boys weren't a part of that.
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It's their space, it's a girl-power space.
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It's where they get to shine.
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But I also think it's for boys,
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because boys overheard those,
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which is why, I think,
so many hip-hop artists
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sampled from things that they heard
in black girls' game songs.
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(Chanting) ... cold, thick shake,
act like you know how to flip,
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Filet-O-Fish, Quarter Pounder,
french fries, ice cold, thick shake,
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act like you know how to jump.
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Why "Country Grammar" by Nelly
became a Grammy Award-winning single
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was because people already knew
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"We're going down down baby
your street in a Range Rover ... "
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That's the beginning of "Down down, baby,
down down the roller coaster,
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sweet, sweet baby, I'll never let you go."
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All people who grew up
in any black urban community
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would know that music.
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And so, it was a ready-made hit.
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The Double Dutch rope playing
helped maintain these songs
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and helped maintain the chants
and the gestures that go along with it,
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which is very natural
to what I call "kinetic orality" --
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word of mouth and word of body.
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It's the thing that gets
passed down over generations.
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In some ways, the rope
is the thing that helps carry it.
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You need some object
to carry memory through.
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So, a jump rope, you can use it
for all different kinds of things.
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It crosses cultures.
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And I think it lasted
because people need to move.
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And I think sometimes the simplest objects
can make the most creative uses.
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Translated by Krystian Aparta
Reviewed by Camille Martínez

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kyra Gaunt - Ethnomusicologist
A member of the inaugural TED Fellows class, Dr. Kyra Gaunt is an ethnomusicologist, singer-songwriter, and a social media researcher on faculty at University at Albany, SUNY.

Why you should listen

Kyra Gaunt's book, The Games Black Girls Play: Learning the Ropes from Double-Dutch to Hip-Hop, published by NYU Press, won of the 2007 Alan Merriam Book Prize awarded by The Society for Ethnomusicology, which contributed to the emergence of black girlhood studies and hip-hop feminism. It also inspired a work by fellow TED Fellow Camille A. Brown, BLACK GIRL: Linguistic Play, which was nominated for a 2016 Bessie Award for Outstanding Production.

Gaunt's articles have appeared in Musical Quarterly, The Journal for Popular Music Studies and Parcours anthropologiques, and she has contributed chapters to I Was Born to Use Mics: Listening to Nas’ Illmatic and The Hip-hop & Obama Reader, among other publications.  

Gaunt's scholarship has been funded by The Ford Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities and is a nationally- and internationally-recognized speaker. She also is a certified expert witness in federal and state cases on the unintended consequences of social media. She also continues to perform and record as a classically-trained, jazz vocalist and R&B singer-songwriter. Her original compositions are available on the CD Be the True Revolution available on iTunes and CDBaby.

More profile about the speaker
Kyra Gaunt | Speaker | TED.com