TED Residency
Michael Rain: What it's like to be the child of immigrants
迈克尔·瑞恩: 身为二代移民是什么感觉？
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,161,292 views
迈克尔·瑞恩（Michael Rain）正在进行一项任务：讲述第一代移民的故事，这些移民与他们成长的国家和出生国都紧密相连。通过讲述自身经历，他打破了对移民的错误刻画和局限性的描述，并分享了移民世界中的故事。“我们是行走的文化熔炉，”迈克尔说，“如果熔炉里里有什么东西散发出全新的或不同的气味，不要嫌弃。让我们给你们分享。”
Michael Rain - Digital storyteller
TED Resident Michael Rain communicates ideas through written and visual stories. Full bio
TED Resident Michael Rain communicates ideas through written and visual stories. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I remember one morning
when I was in the third grade,
when I was in the third grade,
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我还记得小学三年级时，
有一天早上，
有一天早上，
妈妈让我带着一份
叫“富富”的加纳式主食去学校。
叫“富富”的加纳式主食去学校。
00:16
my mom sent me to school
with a Ghanaian staple dish called "fufu."
with a Ghanaian staple dish called "fufu."
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（笑声）
00:20
(Laughter)
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00:22
Fufu is this white ball of starch
made of cassava,
made of cassava,
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富富是一种白色的淀粉球，
由木薯做成，
由木薯做成，
00:26
and it's served with light soup,
which is a dark orange color,
which is a dark orange color,
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搭配深橘色的清汤食用，
汤里会有鸡肉和/或牛肉。
00:31
and contains chicken and/or beef.
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00:33
It's a savory, flavorful dish
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这是一道美味可口的菜肴，
00:35
that my mom thought
would keep me warm on a cold day.
would keep me warm on a cold day.
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我妈妈觉得
它能在那样一个冷天为我暖身。
它能在那样一个冷天为我暖身。
吃午饭时，我打开保温盒，
00:39
When I got to lunch
and I opened my thermos,
and I opened my thermos,
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00:42
releasing these new smells into the air,
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一种新的气味飘散开来，
我的朋友们表现出反感。
00:45
my friends did not react favorably.
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（笑声）
00:47
(Laughter)
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其中一个人问：“什么东西？”
00:49
"What's that?" one of them asked.
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我回答，“是富富”。
00:52
"It's fufu," I responded.
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（笑声）
00:54
(Laughter)
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00:55
"Ew, that smells funny.
What's a fufu?" they asked.
What's a fufu?" they asked.
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“呃，闻起来很怪。富富是什么？”
他们又问。
他们又问。
00:59
Their reaction made me lose my appetite.
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他们的反应让我食欲全无。
01:02
I begged my mother to never
send me to school with fufu again.
send me to school with fufu again.
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我央求妈妈
别再让我带富富去学校了。
别再让我带富富去学校了。
01:06
I asked her to make me sandwiches
or chicken noodle soup
or chicken noodle soup
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我让她给我做三明治
或者鸡肉汤面，
或者鸡肉汤面，
01:10
or any of the other foods
that my friends were eating.
that my friends were eating.
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或者其他任何一种
我的朋友们吃的食物。
我的朋友们吃的食物。
这是我最早开始
01:12
And this is one of the first times
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去留意我的家庭的“独特”，
01:14
I began to notice the distinction
between what was unique to my family
between what was unique to my family
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其他所有人眼中的寻常，
01:20
and what was common for everyone else,
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01:22
what was Ghanaian and what was African
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开始留意什么是加纳人、
什么是非洲人，
什么是非洲人，
什么又是美国人。
01:26
and what was American.
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01:28
I'm a first-generation American.
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我是第一代美国人。
我的父母都是移民。
01:30
Both of my parents are immigrants.
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01:32
In fact, my father, Gabriel,
came to the US almost 50 years ago.
came to the US almost 50 years ago.
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实际上，我的父亲加布里埃尔
差不多五十年前就到了美国。
差不多五十年前就到了美国。
01:37
He arrived in New York
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他从库马西，
01:39
from a city called Kumasi
in a northern region of Ghana,
in a northern region of Ghana,
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一座位于西非国家加纳北部的城市，
来到纽约。
01:42
in West Africa.
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01:44
He came for school, earning
his bachelor's degree in accounting
his bachelor's degree in accounting
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他来这里求学并获得会计本科学位，
最终成为了一名会计师。
01:47
and eventually became an accountant.
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我的母亲，乔治娜，
几年后也和父亲一样移民美国。
几年后也和父亲一样移民美国。
01:50
My mother, Georgina,
joined him years later.
joined him years later.
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01:53
She had a love of fashion
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她热爱时尚，
01:55
and worked in a sewing factory
in lower Manhattan,
in lower Manhattan,
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一直在曼哈顿下城的一家缝纫厂工作，
01:58
until she saved up enough to open
her own women's clothing store.
her own women's clothing store.
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后来她终于攒够钱，
开了一间自己的女装店。
开了一间自己的女装店。
02:03
I consider myself an American
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我认为自己既是美国人，
02:06
and an African
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也是非洲人
和加纳人。
02:07
and a Ghanaian.
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02:09
And there's millions of people
around the world
around the world
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世界上有几百万人
身兼不同身份。
02:11
who are juggling
these different classifications.
these different classifications.
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02:15
They might be Jamaican-Canadians
or Korean-Americans or Nigerian-Brits.
or Korean-Americans or Nigerian-Brits.
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他们可能是牙买加裔加拿大人、
韩裔美国人或是尼尔利亚裔英国人。
韩裔美国人或是尼尔利亚裔英国人。
但是我们的故事或经历的不同之处
02:22
But what makes our stories
and experiences different
and experiences different
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02:25
is that we were born and raised
in a country different than our parents,
in a country different than our parents,
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就是我们出生并成长的国家
和父母亲的不一样，
和父母亲的不一样，
这会导致当人们用
狭隘的眼光看待我们，
狭隘的眼光看待我们，
02:30
and this can cause us to be misunderstood
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02:33
when being viewed through a narrow lens.
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就会对我们产生误解。
我在纽约长大，这里拥有
02:37
I grew up in New York, which is home
to the largest number of immigrants
to the largest number of immigrants
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全美数量最多的移民。
02:41
anywhere in the United States.
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02:43
And you would think growing up
in a place like New York,
in a place like New York,
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你会觉得在纽约这样一个地方长大，
第一代美国人
很容易就能找到自己的位置。
很容易就能找到自己的位置。
02:46
it would be easy for a first-generation
person to find their place.
person to find their place.
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02:50
But all throughout my childhood,
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但是整个童年时代，
02:53
there were these moments
that formed my understanding
that formed my understanding
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总有类似的时刻让我觉得
自己属于另一个不同的世界。
02:56
of the different worlds I belonged to.
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02:59
When I was in the fifth grade,
a student asked me
a student asked me
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上小学五年级时，有一个学生问我，
03:02
if my family was refugees.
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我们一家人是不是难民。
我不懂难民是什么意思。
03:05
I didn't know what that word meant.
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03:07
He explained to me
that his parents told him
that his parents told him
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他解释说他的父母告诉他
难民是那些
为了躲避死亡、饥饿以及疾病，
为了躲避死亡、饥饿以及疾病，
03:09
that refugees are people from Africa
who come to the US
who come to the US
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03:14
to escape death, starvation and disease.
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从非洲逃到美国的非洲人。
03:17
So I asked my parents,
and they laughed a bit,
and they laughed a bit,
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于是我就去问父母，他们笑了笑，
不是因为那个学生的话有多好笑，
而是因为它只是一种宽泛的概括。
而是因为它只是一种宽泛的概括。
03:20
not because it was funny
but because it was a generalization.
but because it was a generalization.
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他们很肯定地对我说，
他们在加纳吃喝无忧，
他们在加纳吃喝无忧，
03:24
And they assured me that they had
enough to eat in Ghana
enough to eat in Ghana
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是自愿来美国的。
03:27
and came to the US willingly.
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（笑声）
03:29
(Laughter)
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随着我长大，
被问到的问题也更复杂。
被问到的问题也更复杂。
03:31
These questions became
more complex as I got older.
more complex as I got older.
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上初中时，我第一次
03:34
Junior high school was the first time
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03:36
I went to school with a large number
of black American students,
of black American students,
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在学校遇到一大群美国黑人学生，
03:40
and many of them couldn't understand
why I sounded differently than they did
why I sounded differently than they did
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他们中有很多人都不理解
为什么我的口音和他们不一样，
为什么我的口音和他们不一样，
03:44
or why my parents seemed
different than theirs.
different than theirs.
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为什么我的父母也和他们的不一样。
03:48
"Are you even black?" a student asked.
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一个学生问我，
“你真是黑人吗？”
“你真是黑人吗？”
03:51
I mean, I thought I was black.
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我当然认为自己是黑人。
03:53
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:54
I thought my skin complexion settled that.
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我觉得我的肤色就能说明一切。
03:57
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:58
I asked my father about it,
and he shared his own confusion
and he shared his own confusion
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我去问爸爸，他跟我分享了
自己刚到美国时，
对“黑人” 真正含义的困惑。
对“黑人” 真正含义的困惑。
04:01
over the significance of that
when he first came to the US.
when he first came to the US.
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04:06
He explained to me that,
when he was in Ghana, everyone was black,
when he was in Ghana, everyone was black,
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他解释说，在加纳，
大家都是一样的黑人，
大家都是一样的黑人，
04:10
so he never thought about it.
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所以他从不去想自己是不是黑人。
04:12
But in the US, it's a thing.
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但在美国，这就是个事儿。
（笑声）
04:14
(Laughter)
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04:16
But he would say, "But you're African.
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不过他会说，“但是你也是非洲人，
记住这一点”。
04:19
Remember that."
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04:21
And he would emphasize this,
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而且他会强调这点，
尽管很多在非洲大陆的非洲人认为我
04:22
even though many Africans in the continent
would only consider me to be
would only consider me to be
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只是一个美国人。
04:27
just an American.
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04:29
These misconceptions
and complex cultural issues
and complex cultural issues
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这些误解和复杂的文化问题
不只体现在孩子们的询问。
04:32
are not just the inquiries of children.
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04:35
Adults don't know who immigrants are.
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成人也不了解移民究竟是什么样的。
04:38
If we look at current trends,
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看看当今的形势，
如果我问你：
04:40
if I asked you: What's the fastest-growing
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在美国，
哪一个移民群体是增长最快的？
哪一个移民群体是增长最快的？
04:42
immigrant demographic
in the United States,
in the United States,
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你认为是哪一个？
04:45
who would you think it was?
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十个人有九个告诉我是拉丁美洲人，
04:47
Nine out of 10 people
tell me it's Latinos,
tell me it's Latinos,
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但实际上是非裔移民。
04:49
but it's actually African immigrants.
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那学业方面呢？
04:52
How about in academics?
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04:54
What's the most educated
immigrant demographic?
immigrant demographic?
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哪一个移民群体是受教育程度最高的？
04:57
A lot of people presume it to be Asians,
but it's actually African immigrants.
but it's actually African immigrants.
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很多人都猜是亚洲人，
答案却依然是非裔移民。
答案却依然是非裔移民。
甚至在政策方面，
05:02
Even in matters of policy,
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05:04
did you know that three
out of the eight countries
out of the eight countries
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你们知不知道，
八个所谓的有“旅行禁令”国家中，
八个所谓的有“旅行禁令”国家中，
05:06
in the so-called "travel ban"
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有三个
是非洲国家？
05:08
are African countries?
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05:09
A lot of people assume those targeted
Muslims only live in the Middle East,
Muslims only live in the Middle East,
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许多人都认为那些被禁止入境
的穆斯林只居住在中东，
的穆斯林只居住在中东，
但很多被禁止入境的都是非洲人。
05:14
but a lot of those
banned people are Africans.
banned people are Africans.
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05:17
So on these issues of education
and policy and religion,
and policy and religion,
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所以在教育、政策及宗教等问题上，
我们对移民的很多假设都是错误的。
05:22
a lot of things we presume
about immigrants are incorrect.
about immigrants are incorrect.
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05:26
Even if we look at something
like workplace diversity and inclusion,
like workplace diversity and inclusion,
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甚至如果我们再看一些东西，
比如工作场合的多样性及包容性，
比如工作场合的多样性及包容性，
05:31
if I asked you what
gender-ethnicity combination
gender-ethnicity combination
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如果你问我什么样的性别—种族组合
最不可能晋升至高层管理岗位，
05:34
is least likely to be promoted
to senior managerial positions,
to senior managerial positions,
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你觉得会是谁？
05:38
who would you think it was?
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05:40
The answer is not Africans this time.
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这次答案可不是非洲人了。
（笑声）
05:42
(Laughter)
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05:43
And it's not black women or men,
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不是黑人男性或女性，
05:46
and it's not Latin women or men.
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也不是拉丁裔男性或女性。
05:48
It's Asian women who are
least likely to be promoted.
least likely to be promoted.
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亚裔女性才是最难获得晋升的。
作为一名数字化故事讲述人，
我的工作内容就包括
我的工作内容就包括
05:53
Capturing these stories and issues
is part of my work
is part of my work
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记录下这些故事和问题，
05:56
as a digital storyteller
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05:58
that uses tech to make it easier
for people to find these stories.
for people to find these stories.
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用科技拉近人们与这些故事的距离。
06:02
This year, I launched an online gallery
of portraits and firsthand accounts
of portraits and firsthand accounts
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今年我推出了一个有人物肖像
和一手资料的在线展览馆，
和一手资料的在线展览馆，
是为一个名为”Enodi"的计划设计的。
06:07
for a project called Enodi.
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06:10
The goal of Enodi is to highlight
first-generation immigrants just like me
first-generation immigrants just like me
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Enodi 计划的目的是重点介绍
类似我这样的第一代移民，
类似我这样的第一代移民，
我们对生活成长的国家，
06:16
who carry this kinship
for the countries we grew up in,
for the countries we grew up in,
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06:21
for the countries of origin
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对出生国（或父母亲的出生国），
06:24
and for this concept called "blackness."
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对所谓的“黑色”都怀有一种亲切感。
06:27
I created this space to be a cyberhome
for many of us who are misunderstood
for many of us who are misunderstood
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我创建这个空间，是要给
我们这些在各自国家被误解的移民
我们这些在各自国家被误解的移民
06:32
in our different home countries.
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提供一个网络家园。
06:35
There are millions of Enodis
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有数百万的“Enodi"人
06:37
who use hyphens to connect
their countries of origin
their countries of origin
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通过身份中的连字符将他们的出身国
06:40
with their various homes in the US
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与他们在美国、加拿大、
英国或德国的家
英国或德国的家
06:43
or Canada or Britain or Germany.
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连接起来。
06:47
In fact, many people
you might know are Enodi.
you might know are Enodi.
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实际上，
许多你可能认识的人都是Enodi。
许多你可能认识的人都是Enodi。
06:50
Actors Issa Rae and Idris Elba are Enodi.
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演员伊萨·雷和伊德里斯·艾尔巴是 Enodi。
科林·鲍威尔（前美国国务卿），
06:53
Colin Powell,
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06:55
former Attorney General Eric Holder,
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前司法部长埃里克·霍尔德，
06:57
former President of the United
States, Barack Obama,
States, Barack Obama,
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美国前总统，巴拉克·奥巴马
都是非洲或加勒比移民的子女。
07:00
are all the children of African
or Caribbean immigrants.
or Caribbean immigrants.
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07:03
But how much do you know about us?
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可是你对我们了解多少？
07:06
This complicated navigation
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这个复杂的问题指南
07:10
is not just the experience
of first-generation folks.
of first-generation folks.
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不单单指第一代移民的经历。
07:15
We're so intertwined
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我们和北美以及欧洲人的生活、文化
07:17
in the lives and culture of people
in North America and Europe,
in North America and Europe,
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都紧密交织在一起，
紧密到你可能会惊讶
07:22
that you might be surprised
how critical we are
how critical we are
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我们对你们的过去和将来都如此重要。
07:25
to your histories and future.
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07:28
So, engage us in conversation;
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所以，和我们交谈；
07:31
discover who immigrants actually are,
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发掘出我们的真实一面，
撇开对移民的固定刻画，
07:33
and see us apart from characterizations
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撇开局限的媒体描述
07:36
or limited media narratives
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甚至我们的外表，
用另一种眼光看待我们。
用另一种眼光看待我们。
07:38
or even who we might appear to be.
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07:41
We're walking melting pots of culture,
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我们是行走的文化熔炉，
如果熔炉里有什么东西散发出
全新的或不同的气味——
全新的或不同的气味——
07:44
and if something in that pot
smells new or different to you --
smells new or different to you --
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07:47
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
别嫌弃。
07:49
don't turn up your nose.
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07:52
Ask us to share.
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请我们和你一起分享吧。
07:53
Thank you.
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谢谢。
（鼓掌）
07:55
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Rain - Digital storytellerTED Resident Michael Rain communicates ideas through written and visual stories.
Why you should listen
Michael Rain communicates ideas through written and visual stories. He is the creator of ENODI, a digital gallery that chronicles the lives of first-generation Black immigrants of African, Caribbean and Latinx descent, and the co-founder of the emerging tech startup ZNews Africa, a Google, Facebook and Microsoft accelerator member that builds mobile app, email and web products.
Rain's creative and commercial work has been featured in The Wall Street Journal, NBC News, Upscale Magazine and the Harlem Arts Festival. He has moderated panels and delivered remarks on entrepreneurship and digital media at major events and conferences at the US Department of State, Harvard Business School, The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University and the NYU Stern School of Business.
Rain earned a BA in Political Science with a concentration in International Relations from Columbia University. He is a 2017 TED Resident and a fellow at the Tow-Knight Center for Entrepreneurial Journalism at the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism. He is Ghanaian-American, a lifelong New Yorker and Brooklyn native.
Michael Rain | Speaker | TED.com