ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marily Oppezzo - Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind.

Why you should listen

Inheriting an energetic passion for health from her dad, Marily Oppezzo's past research has investigated ways to use the world to motivate healthy brains and healthy behaviors. She is currently an Instructor of Medicine at the Stanford Prevention Research Center. She is also working with Dr. Dan Schwartz to find out if fidgeting in the classroom may be a desirable cognitive tool rather than an irritating hallmark of inattention, and she's working with Dr. Margaret Neale and Dr. Jodi Prochaska to discover how walking may improve negotiation outcomes.

Along her way, Oppezzo has collected several souvenir lessons from her range of work and educational experiences:

Bartending:
1. The environment has incredible power to elicit and shape behaviors; and
2. Everyone has at least one interesting story in them.
 
Dietetics:
1. Biochemistry is fascinating;
2. We grant food immense powers. It can be simultaneously viewed as a vehicle of health, morality, social bonding, government conspiracy, inequality and pleasure; and
3. A plateful of knowledge doesn't always help the medicine go down.  
 
Teaching / education:
1. Watching people learn, grow, and change is a deep gratification unique to teaching and behavior change work; and
2. Learning, like behavior change, takes distributed practice to become part of you. (We can’t binge-watch knowledge any more than we should pull flossing all-nighters).
 
Cardiac rehab:
1. Everyone has the capacity to be an inspiration and in surprising, unexpected ways; and
2. Health becomes incredibly valuable once you experience a true loss of it; and
3. Exercise is the ultimate multitasker: it can heal the brain, the heart and the body all at once.

More profile about the speaker
Marily Oppezzo | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxStanford

Marily Oppezzo: Want to be more creative? Go for a walk

Marily Oppezzo: Želite li biti kreativniji? Otiđite u šetnju.

Filmed:
3,727,050 views

Kada je u pitanju potraga za novim idejama, svako od nas je nekad zaglavio. Međutim, prema istraživanju koje je sprovela stručnjakinja za bihevioristički pristup, Marily Oppezzo, odlazak u šetnju je nekad sve što vam je potrebno za pokretanje lavine ideja. Kroz ovaj zabavni i kratki govor, ona objašnjava kako vam šetnja može pomoći u vašoj potrazi za idejama.
- Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
The creativekreativan processproces -- you know this --
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Stvaralački proces, kao što znate,
00:15
from the first ideaideja to the finalfinale productproizvod,
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od početne ideje do finalnog produkta,
00:17
is a long processproces.
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je dugačak proces.
00:19
It's super-iterativeSuper-iterativni, lots of refinementograničavanje broja rezultata,
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Traži mnogo obnavljanja, usavršavanja,
00:22
bloodkrv, sweatznoj, tearssuze and yearsgodine.
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krvi, znoja, suza i godina.
00:24
And we're not sayinggovoreći
you're going to go out for a walkhoda
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Ne kažemo da ćete se
iz šetnje vratiti
00:27
and come back with the SistineSikstinske ChapelKapela
in your left handruka.
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sa Sikstinskom kapelom
u lijevoj ruci.
00:29
So what frameokvir of the creativekreativan
processproces did we focusfokus on?
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Pa na koji dio stvaralačkog procesa se
ovdje fokusiramo?
00:32
Just this first partdeo.
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Samo prvi dio.
00:34
Just brainstormingbrainstorming,
comingdolaze up with a newnovo ideaideja.
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Samo način na koji dolazimo do
svih tih ideja.
00:38
We actuallyzapravo rantrčao fourčetiri studiesstudije
with a varietyraznovrsnost of people.
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Stoga smo pokrenuli četiri studije
sa različitim ljudima.
00:42
You were eitherbilo to walkinghodanje
indoorsu zatvorenom prostoru or outdoorsna otvorenom.
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Neki su šetali na otvorenom
a neki na zatvorenom.
00:44
And all of these studiesstudije
foundpronađeno the sameisto conclusionzaključak.
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I svaka studija je došla do istog
zaključka.
00:48
I'm only going to tell you
about one of them todaydanas.
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Ali danas ću da objasnim
samo jednu od njih.
00:51
One of the teststestovi we used for creativitykreativnost
was alternateAlternativna useskoristi.
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Jedan od načina na koji smo testirali
kreativnost bila je višestruka upotreba.
00:55
In this testtest, you have fourčetiri minutesminuta.
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Za ovaj test imate četiri minute.
00:57
Your jobposao is to come up with as manymnogi other
waysnačina to use commončesto everydaysvaki dan objectsobjekata
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Vaš zadatak je da se sjetite što je moguće
više različitih upotreba
01:01
as you can think of.
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svakodnevnih predmeta.
01:02
So, for exampleprimer,
what elsedrugo would you do with a keyključ,
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Na primjer, za što još možemo
koristiti ključeve
01:05
other than to use it
for openingotvaranje up a lockbrava?
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osim za otključavanje brava?
01:08
ClearlyJasno, you could use it
as a thirdtreće eyeballjabučice for a giraffežirafa, right?
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Izgleda da ga možete koristiti
i kao treće oko za žirafu, zar ne?
01:12
Maybe. That's sortsortiraj of interestingzanimljivo,
kindkind of newnovo. But is it creativekreativan?
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Možda. To je zanimljiv odgovor,
neuobičajen. Međutim, da li je kreativan?
01:17
So people camedošao up with
as manymnogi ideasideje as they could,
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Znači, učesnici mogu da se
sjete bilo čega,
01:20
and we had to decideodlučiti:
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a mi ćemo odlučiti
01:21
Is this creativekreativan or not?
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da li je to kreativno ili nije.
01:24
The definitiondefinicija of creativitykreativnost
that a lot of people go with
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Većina ljudi se slaže da
se kreativnost može definirati
01:27
is "appropriateodgovarajuće noveltynovost."
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kao "prikladna novotarija."
01:29
For something to be appropriateodgovarajuće,
it has to be realisticrealno,
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Da bi nešto bilo prikladno,
mora biti prije svega realno,
01:32
so unfortunatelynažalost, you can't use
a keyključ as an eyeballjabučice.
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što znači da ključ ne bi
mogao poslužiti kao očna jabučica.
01:36
BooBu!
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Bu!
01:37
But "novelroman," the secondsekunda thing,
is that nobodyniko had to have said it.
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Ali riječ "novost" je tek druga u
definiciji i odnosi se na nešto neviđeno.
01:42
So for us, it had to be appropriateodgovarajuće first,
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Pa u ovom slučaju odgovori su morali biti
prije svega prikladni
01:45
and then for noveltynovost,
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pa tek onda "novi",
01:46
nobodyniko elsedrugo in the entirecijeli populationstanovništvo
that we surveyedispitanih could have said it.
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nešto čega se još niko od učesnika
nije dosjetio.
01:50
So you mightMožda think you could use
a keyključ to scratchogrebotina somebody'sNeko je carauto,
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Što znači da, ukoliko bi pomislili
da se ključevi mogu koristiti za grebanje
01:54
but if somebodyneko elsedrugo said that,
you didn't get creditkredit for it.
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a neko drugi to kaže, umjesto vas,
ne dobijate nikakve bodove.
01:57
NeitherNi of you did.
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Nijedan od vas.
01:58
HoweverMeđutim, only one personosoba said this:
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Ipak, samo je jedna osoba rekla ovo:
02:02
"If you were dyingumiranje
and it were a murderubistvo mysterymisterija,
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"Da si na samrti i sumnja
se na ubistvo,
02:05
and you had to carveizrezati the nameime
of the murdererubica into the groundzemlja
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trebati će ti nešto da
urežeš ime ubojice na tlo, zajedno
02:08
with your dyingumiranje wordsriječi."
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sa svojim zadnjim riječima.
02:10
One personosoba said this.
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Jedna osoba je zaista rekla ovo.
02:11
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
02:12
And it's a creativekreativan ideaideja,
because it's appropriateodgovarajuće and it's novelroman.
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Ideja je kreativna,
zato što je prikladna i nova.
02:16
You eitherbilo to did this testtest and camedošao up
with ideasideje while you were seatedsedi
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Ovaj test je urađen na dva načina
na dva načina, u sjedećem položaju
02:19
or while you were walkinghodanje on a treadmilltraka za trčanje.
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ili hodajući na pokretnoj traci.
02:22
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
02:24
They did the testtest twicedva puta,
with differentdrugačiji objectsobjekata.
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Ponovili su test dva puta,
sa različitim predmetima.
02:26
ThreeTri groupsgrupe: the first groupgrupa satsat first
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Tri grupe; prva grupa je sjedila za
vrijeme prvog testa,
02:30
and then satsat again for the secondsekunda testtest.
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i za vrijeme drugog testa.
02:32
The secondsekunda groupgrupa satsat first
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Druga grupa je sjedila na prvom testu,
02:35
and then did the secondsekunda testtest
while walkinghodanje on a treadmilltraka za trčanje.
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a drugi su radili
dok su hodali na pokretnoj traci.
02:38
The thirdtreće groupgrupa --
and this is interestingzanimljivo --
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A onda treća grupa--
ovo je zanimljivo,
02:41
they walkedhodao on the treadmilltraka za trčanje first,
and then they satsat.
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prvi test su radili dok su
šetali, a onda su sjeli.
02:44
OK, so the two groupsgrupe
that satsat togetherzajedno for the first testtest,
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Znači, prve dvije grupe koje su
sjedile za vrijeme prvog testa,
02:48
they lookedpogledao prettylepo similarSlično to eachsvaki other,
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su izgledale veoma slično
02:50
and they averagedu prosjeku
about 20 creativekreativan ideasideje perper personosoba.
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i svaki član se dosjetio otprilike
dvadesetak kreativnih ideja.
02:54
The groupgrupa that was walkinghodanje
on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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Grupa koja je prvo hodala
po pokretnoj traci
02:56
did almostgotovo twicedva puta as well.
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je postigla duplo više.
02:59
And they were just walkinghodanje
on a treadmilltraka za trčanje in a windowlessbez prozora roomsoba.
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A samo su šetali na pokretnoj
traci u sobi bez prozora.
03:04
RememberSjećam se, they tookuzela the testtest twicedva puta.
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Kao što sam rekla,
test su ponovili dva puta.
03:06
The people who satsat twicedva puta for that secondsekunda
testtest didn't get any better;
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Učesnici koji su sjedili i za vrijeme
drugog testa, nisu postigli ništa više;
03:10
practicepraksa didn't help.
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rutina nije pomogla.
03:12
But these sameisto people who were sittingsedenje
and then wentotišao on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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Dok je grupa koja je prvo sjedila
a zatim otišla na pokretnu traku,
03:15
got a boostpoticaj from walkinghodanje.
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dobila neku vrstu poticaja.
03:17
Here'sOvdje je the interestingzanimljivo thing.
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Ovo je najzanimljiviji dio.
03:19
The people who were
walkinghodanje on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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Učesnici koji su hodali na pokretnoj traci
03:21
still had a residuetalog effectefekat of the walkinghodanje,
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su trpili posljedice šetnje,
03:24
and they were still creativekreativan afterwardsnakon toga.
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i bili kreativniji, usprkos tome.
03:26
So the implicationimplikacija of this
is that you should go for a walkhoda
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Sve ovo pokazuje da, prije
nekog bitnog sastanka
03:29
before your nextsledeći bigveliki meetingsastanak
and just startpočnite brainstormingbrainstorming right away.
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trebate otići u šetnju i tako
pokrenuti dotok ideja.
03:34
We have fivepet tipssavjeti for you
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Imamo pet malih savjeta
03:36
that will help make this
the bestnajbolje effectefekat possiblemoguće.
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koji će proizvesti najbolji mogući
rezultat ovoga.
03:39
First, you want to pickpick a problemproblem
or a topictema to brainstormrazmjenjivati mišljenja.
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Prvo, odaberite problem
ili temu o kojoj želite da mislite.
03:44
So, this is not the showertuš effectefekat,
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Ne, ovo nije efekt tuširanja,
03:46
when you're in the showertuš
and all of a suddeniznenada,
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jer dok se tuširate ideje dolaze odjednom,
03:48
a newnovo ideaideja popsstari out of the shampoošampon bottleboca.
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kao da iskoče i boce šampona.
03:50
This is something
you're thinkingrazmišljanje about aheadnapred of time.
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Ovo je nešto o čemu
razmišljate unaprijed.
03:53
They're intentionallynamjerno thinkingrazmišljanje about
brainstormingbrainstorming a differentdrugačiji perspectiveperspektiva
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Ciljano ispitujete različite
perspektive razmišljanja
03:57
on the walkhoda.
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dok ste u šetnji.
03:58
SecondlyKao drugo -- I get askedpitan this a lot:
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Drugo, često čujem ovo pitanje:
04:00
Is this OK while runningtrčanje?
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Da li to radi dok trčimo?
04:02
Well, the answerodgovor for me
is that if I were runningtrčanje,
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Pa ako mene pitate, jedino o čemu
bih ja razmišljala
04:05
the only newnovo ideaideja I would have
would be to stop runningtrčanje, so ...
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dok trčim je kad ću prestati, stoga...
04:09
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
04:10
But if runningtrčanje for you
is a comfortableudobno pacetempo, good.
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Ali, ako trčanje za vas predstavlja
nešto ugodno, onda OK.
04:14
It turnsokreće se out, whateverkako god physicalfizički
activityaktivnost is not takinguzimajući a lot of attentionpažnja.
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Što znači da fokus ne smije
da bude na fizičkoj aktivnosti.
04:18
So just walkinghodanje at a comfortableudobno
pacetempo is a good choiceizbor.
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Najbolji izbor bi bila
lagana šetnja.
04:22
AlsoTakođer, you want to come up with
as manymnogi ideasideje as you can.
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Također, cilj je doći do što više ideja.
04:25
One keyključ of creativitykreativnost
is to not lockbrava on that first ideaideja.
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Put do kreativnosti ne nalazi se
samo u jednoj i obično prvoj ideji.
04:28
Keep going.
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Samo nastavite.
04:30
Keep comingdolaze up with newnovo onesone,
untildo you pickpick one or two to pursuenastaviti.
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Nastavite svoju potragu za idejama
sve dok ne dođete do one koja vam treba.
04:35
You mightMožda worrybrinite that you don't want
to writepisati them down,
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Vjerovatno se plašite da bi mogli
zaboraviti
04:38
because what if you forgetzaboraviti them?
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ukoliko ih ne zapišete negdje.
04:39
So the ideaideja here is to speakgovori them.
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Poenta je da ih izgovorite.
04:41
EverybodySvi was speakinggovoreći theirnjihova newnovo ideasideje.
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Svako je izgovorio svoje nove ideje.
04:43
So you can put your headphonesslušalice on
and recordzapis throughkroz your phonetelefon
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Možete koristiti slušalice
i snimiti ih na telefon
04:47
and then just pretendpretvarati se you're havingimati
a creativekreativan conversationrazgovor, right?
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pa se samo pretvarati da vodite neki
kreativan razgovor, zar ne?
04:50
Because the actčiniti of writingpisanje
your ideaideja down is alreadyveć a filterfilter.
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Zato što sam čin zapisivanja
funkcionira kao filter.
04:54
You're going to be like,
"Is this good enoughdosta to writepisati down?"
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Jer ćete se prvo pitati
"Da li je ovo dovoljno za zapisati?"
Pa tek onda napisati
04:56
And then you writepisati it down.
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Znači, izgovorite što je moguće više,
snimite i tek onda razmislite o njima.
04:58
So just speakgovori as manymnogi as you can,
recordzapis them and think about them laterkasnije.
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Naravno, ne morate ovo raditi zauvijek.
05:01
And finallykonačno: don't do this foreverzauvek. Right?
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05:04
If you're on the walkhoda
and that idea'sideja je not comingdolaze to you,
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Ako vam nikakva ideja ne dolazi
dok šetate,
05:07
come back to it laterkasnije at anotherdrugi time.
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vratite joj se malo kasnije.
05:10
I think we're comingdolaze up
on a breakpauza right now,
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Mislim da se bližimo kraju,
05:12
so I have an ideaideja:
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pa imam jednu ideju:
05:14
Why don't you grabzgrabite a leashremen
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Zašto onda ne bi uzeli
povodac u ruke
05:16
and take your thoughtsmisli for a walkhoda?
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i izveli svoje misli u šetnju ?
05:19
Thank you.
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Zahvaljujem.
05:20
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Aplauz)
Translated by Merjem Zajimović
Reviewed by Tarik Suljic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marily Oppezzo - Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind.

Why you should listen

Inheriting an energetic passion for health from her dad, Marily Oppezzo's past research has investigated ways to use the world to motivate healthy brains and healthy behaviors. She is currently an Instructor of Medicine at the Stanford Prevention Research Center. She is also working with Dr. Dan Schwartz to find out if fidgeting in the classroom may be a desirable cognitive tool rather than an irritating hallmark of inattention, and she's working with Dr. Margaret Neale and Dr. Jodi Prochaska to discover how walking may improve negotiation outcomes.

Along her way, Oppezzo has collected several souvenir lessons from her range of work and educational experiences:

Bartending:
1. The environment has incredible power to elicit and shape behaviors; and
2. Everyone has at least one interesting story in them.
 
Dietetics:
1. Biochemistry is fascinating;
2. We grant food immense powers. It can be simultaneously viewed as a vehicle of health, morality, social bonding, government conspiracy, inequality and pleasure; and
3. A plateful of knowledge doesn't always help the medicine go down.  
 
Teaching / education:
1. Watching people learn, grow, and change is a deep gratification unique to teaching and behavior change work; and
2. Learning, like behavior change, takes distributed practice to become part of you. (We can’t binge-watch knowledge any more than we should pull flossing all-nighters).
 
Cardiac rehab:
1. Everyone has the capacity to be an inspiration and in surprising, unexpected ways; and
2. Health becomes incredibly valuable once you experience a true loss of it; and
3. Exercise is the ultimate multitasker: it can heal the brain, the heart and the body all at once.

More profile about the speaker
Marily Oppezzo | Speaker | TED.com