TEDGlobal 2012
Malte Spitz: Your phone company is watching
Malte Spitz：電訊公司正在監視你
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你的電訊公司收集了什麼樣的資訊？Malte Spitz在向德國電訊公司要求取得關於他的資料時並不是很擔心。在數次未回應的要求及一次訴訟後，Spitz拿到了 35830 行的代碼 -- 是個關於他的生活，鉅細靡遺，幾乎涵蓋了每分鐘的半年份報告
Malte Spitz - Politician, data activist
Malte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out. Full bio
Malte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Hi. This is my mobile phone.
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嗨！這是我的行動手機。
00:24
A mobile phone can change your life,
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行動手機可以改變你的生命，
00:31
and a mobile phone gives you individual freedom.
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讓你得到個人的自由。
00:40
With a mobile phone,
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利用行動手機，
00:43
you can shoot a crime against humanity in Syria.
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你可以在敘利亞拍下違反人道的行為。
00:47
With a mobile phone,
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利用行動手機，
00:49
you can tweet a message
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你可以推出一則信息，
00:52
and start a protest in Egypt.
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在埃及發起抗議。
00:57
And with a mobile phone,
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另外，利用行動手機，
01:00
you can record a song, load it up to
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你可以錄製一首歌，把它傳送到
01:03
SoundCloud and become famous.
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SoundCloud並因此出了名。
01:05
All this is possible with your mobile phone.
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這些事都可以利用行動手機來做。
01:10
I'm a child of 1984,
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我1984出生，
01:12
and I live in the city of Berlin.
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我住在柏林。
01:15
Let's go back to that time, to this city.
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讓我們回到那個時間、那個城市。
01:21
Here you can see
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這裡可以看到
01:22
how hundreds of thousands of people
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幾十萬人
01:24
stood up and protested for change.
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站出來抗議，要求改變。
01:29
This is autumn 1989,
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事情發生在1989年秋天，
01:32
and imagine that all those people standing up
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想像一下，如果那些站出來抗議、
01:36
and protesting for change had a
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要求改變的人，人人的口袋裡
01:39
mobile phone in their pocket.
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都有一支行動手機。
01:42
Who in the room has a mobile phone with you?
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這講堂裡有誰帶著手機的？
01:44
Hold it up.
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把它舉起來。
01:45
Hold your phones up, hold your phones up!
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把你的手機舉起來！把你的手機舉起來！
01:48
Hold it up. An Android, a Blackberry, wow.
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把它舉起來。Android手機、黑莓機，哇！
01:51
That's a lot. Almost everybody today has a mobile phone.
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什麼都有耶。今天幾乎人人都有手機。
01:58
But today I will talk about me and my mobile phone,
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不過，我今天要談的是我和我的行動手機，
02:02
and how it changed my life.
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以及它如何改變我的生命。
02:06
And I will talk about this.
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然後我要深入談這個事情。
02:09
These are 35,830 lines of information.
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這裡有35,830行的資訊。
02:14
Raw data.
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未經處理的資料。
02:17
And why are these informations there?
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為什麼有這些資訊呢？
02:22
Because in the summer of 2006,
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因為2006年夏天
02:25
the E.U. Commission tabled a directive.
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歐盟執委會頒布了一項法令。
02:28
This directive [is] called Data Retention Directive.
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該項法令稱為"資料保存法"。
02:33
This directive says that each phone company in Europe,
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該項法令說，歐洲的每一家電話公司、
02:37
each Internet service company all over Europe,
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整個歐洲的每一家網際網路服務商，
02:42
has to store a wide range of information about the users.
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都要廣泛地儲存使用者的資訊。
02:47
Who calls whom? Who sends whom an email?
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誰打電話、誰傳送了電子郵件給誰？
02:50
Who sends whom a text message?
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誰傳送了簡訊給誰？
02:52
And if you use your mobile phone, where you are.
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還有，你使用手機時，人在哪裡。
02:57
All this information is stored for at least six months,
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這些資訊至少儲存六個月，
03:01
up to two years by your phone company
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你的電話公司或網際網路服務商
03:04
or your Internet service provider.
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也可能會儲存這些資訊兩年。
03:10
And all over Europe, people stood up and said,
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結果，整個歐洲的人站起來，說：
03:14
"We don't want this."
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"我們不要這樣的東西。"
03:17
They said, we don't want this data retention.
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他們說，我們不要這種資料保存。
03:20
We want self-determination in the digital age,
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我們在數據時代要有自決權，
03:23
and we don't want that phone companies and Internet companies
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而且我們不要電話公司、網際網路公司
03:26
have to store all this information about us.
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必須儲存關於我們的資訊。
03:30
They were lawyers, journalists, priests,
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律師、新聞從業人員、神職人員，
03:33
they all said: "We don't want this."
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大家都說："我們不要這樣的東西。"
03:36
And here you can see, like 10 thousands of people
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這裡大家看到的就像是幾萬人
03:39
went out on the streets of Berlin and said,
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走上柏林街頭呼喊：
03:42
"Freedom, not fear."
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"要自由，不要恐懼。"
03:45
And some even said, this would be Stasi 2.0.
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還有些人甚至於說，這簡直是國家安全局2.0版。
03:49
Stasi was the secret police in East Germany.
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Stasi國家安全局就是東德時期的秘密警察。
03:55
And I also ask myself, does it really work?
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我也納悶著，真的可以這樣做嗎？
04:00
Can they really store all this information about us?
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他們真的能夠儲存所有關於我們的資訊嗎？
04:03
Every time I use my mobile phone?
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能儲存我每次使用手機的資料嗎？
04:07
So I asked my phone company, Deutsche Telekom,
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因此，我問了我的電話公司－德國電訊公司，
04:11
which was at that time the largest phone company in Germany,
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當時是德國最大的電話公司－
04:14
and I asked them, please,
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我問他們，麻煩啦，
04:16
send me all the information you have stored about me.
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請把你們儲存關於我的資訊都傳送給我吧。
04:20
And I asked them once, and I asked them again,
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我問了他們一次，又問了他們另一次，
04:22
and I got no real answer. It was only blah blah answers.
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還是沒有得到真正的答案。只得到一些搪塞之詞。
04:25
But then I said, I want to have this information,
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可是我說，我要那些資訊，
04:28
because this is my life you are protocoling.
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因為你們紀錄的那些我的生命。
04:33
So I decided to start a lawsuit against them,
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因此，我決定跟他們打官司，
04:37
because I wanted to have this information.
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因為我要得到那些資訊。
04:40
But Deutsche Telekom said, no,
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不過，德國電訊公司說，不，
04:42
we will not give you this information.
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我們不會給你那些資料。
04:45
So at the end, I had a settlement with them.
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最後呢，我跟他們和解。
04:49
I'll put down the lawsuit
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只要我撤回告訴，
04:51
and they will send me all the information I ask for.
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他們就把我要的所有資訊傳送給我。
04:54
Because in the mean time,
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因為在這期間
04:55
the German Constitutional Court ruled
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德國憲法法庭做了判決，
04:57
that the implementation of this E.U. directive
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將該項歐盟法令建置到德國法系裡
05:01
into German law was unconstitutional.
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是違反德國憲法的。
05:05
So I got this ugly brown envelope
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於是我收到了這封醜陋的牛皮紙袋，
05:08
with a C.D. inside.
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裡頭有一個光碟。
05:10
And on the C.D., this was on.
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光碟上就是這些東西。
05:13
Thirty-five thousand eight hundred thirty lines of information.
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35,830行的資訊。
05:19
At first I saw it, and I said, okay,
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首先我看到了，覺得還可以，
05:21
it's a huge file. Okay.
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檔案很大。這沒問題。
05:24
But then after a while I realized,
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但是過了一陣子，我明白了
05:27
this is my life.
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這裡頭記載了我的生命。
05:29
This is six months of my life,
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這是我六個月的生命，
05:31
into this file.
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包括在這個檔案裡。
05:35
So I was a little bit skeptical, what should I do with it?
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於是，我產生了一點點懷疑，我該如何處理這件事？
05:40
Because you can see where I am,
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因為，這裡頭可以看到我在哪兒，
05:43
where I sleep at night,
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我晚上在哪兒過夜，
05:45
what I am doing.
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我做了些什麼事。
05:50
But then I said, I want to go out with this information.
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然後我說，我要把這些資訊公布出來。
05:54
I want to make them public.
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我要讓社會大眾知道這件事。
05:56
Because I want to show the people what does data retention mean.
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因為我要大家知道資料保存是怎麼回事。
06:00
So together with Zeit Online and Open Data City, I did this.
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於是與時代線上和開放資料城市聯手，我公布了這件事。
06:06
This is a visualization of six months of my life.
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這是我六個月生命的具象呈現。
06:10
You can zoom in and zoom out,
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可以隨意縮放顯示，
06:12
you can wind back and fast forward.
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可以倒帶，或是快速播放。
06:14
You can see every step I take.
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可以看到我的每一個腳步。
06:18
And you can even see
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甚至還可以看到
06:20
how I go from Frankfurt by train
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我怎麼從法蘭克福搭火車到科隆，
06:23
to Cologne, and how often I call in between.
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還看到我在旅途中多常打電話。
06:27
All this is possible with this information.
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利用那些資料就可以看到這一切。
06:32
That's a little bit scary.
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這真是有點嚇人呢。
06:37
But it is not only about me.
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但那不只是我個人的事。
06:43
It's about all of us.
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那是我們大家的事。
06:45
First, it's only like, I call my wife and she calls me,
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首先，比方說，我打電話給我太太，她打電話給我，
06:50
and we talk to each other a couple of times.
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我們互相通話幾次。
06:53
And then there are some friends calling me,
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然後，有些朋友打電話給我，
06:55
and they call each other.
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他們之間也通話。
06:57
And after a while you are calling you,
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過了一陣子，你打電話給他，
06:59
and you are calling you, and you have this great
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他打電話給她，然後就是這麼一個
07:01
communication network.
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壯觀的通訊網絡。
07:04
But you can see how your people are communicating with each other,
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不過，大家在這裡可以看到大家怎麼互相通訊，
07:08
what times they call each other, when they go to bed.
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什麼時間互相打電話，他們幾時上床睡覺。
07:12
You can see all of this.
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這裡什麼都看得見。
07:14
You can see the hubs, like who are the leaders in the group.
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這裡頭可以看出誰是樞紐，比方說，誰是群組的領導者。
07:18
If you have access to this information,
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如果你能獲得這些資訊，
07:21
you can see what your society is doing.
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你就能看到你的社會正在做些什麼。
07:25
If you have access to this information,
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如果你能獲得這些資訊，
07:28
you can control your society.
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你就能控制你的社會。
07:32
This is a blueprint for countries like China and Iran.
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這可像是中國和伊朗那種國家的好藍圖。
07:37
This is a blueprint how to survey your society,
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這是教你如何監控社會的好藍圖，
07:41
because you know who talks to whom,
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因為你知道誰跟誰談話，
07:44
who sends whom an email, all this is possible
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誰傳送給誰電子郵件，這些全都可以得知，
07:47
if you have access to this information.
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只要你得到這些資訊。
07:49
And this information is stored for at least six months
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而且這些資訊在歐洲
07:53
in Europe, up to two years.
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至少儲存六個月或長達兩年。
07:57
Like I said at the beginning,
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如同我一開頭說的，
07:59
imagine that all those people on the streets of Berlin
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想像一下，如果所有在柏林街頭上的那些人
08:03
in autumn of 1989
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1989年秋天
08:05
had a mobile phone in their pocket.
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口袋裡都有行動手機。
08:08
And the Stasi would have known who took part at this protest,
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那麼，國家安全局就會知道誰參加了抗議活動，
08:12
and if the Stasi would have known
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而且如果國家安全局知道
08:14
who are the leaders behind it,
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誰是背後的領導者，
08:17
this may never have happened.
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那件事可能永遠不會發生。
08:20
The fall of the Berlin Wall would maybe not [have been] there.
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柏林圍牆倒榻那件事恐怕就不會發生。
08:23
And in the aftermath, also not the fall of the Iron Curtain.
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而且其後的鐵幕倒榻也不會發生。
08:27
Because today, state agencies and companies
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因為，今天的國家機構和公司
08:32
want to store as much information as they can get about us,
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想要盡量儲存有關我們的資訊，
08:36
online and offline.
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不管我們上不上線。
08:38
They want to have the possibility to track our lives,
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他們用盡方法想追蹤我們的生命，
08:42
and they want to store them for all time.
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還想把那些資料永久儲存。
08:46
But self-determination and living in the digital age
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但是，自決權與數據時代的生活
08:50
is no contradiction.
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並不互相矛盾。
08:53
But you have to fight for your self-determination today.
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只是，你今天必須爭取你的自決權。
08:58
You have to fight for it every day.
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你得天天爭取你的自決權。
09:02
So, when you go home,
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那麼，在你回家之後，
09:05
tell your friends
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告訴你的朋友們：
09:07
that privacy is a value of the 21st century,
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隱私權是21世紀的一個價值，
09:11
and it's not outdated.
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這個價值還沒有過時。
09:13
When you go home, tell your representative
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你回去之後，告訴你的民意代表，
09:18
only because companies and state agencies have the possibility
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並非公司和國家機構有能力儲存那些資料，
09:22
to store certain information, they don't have to do it.
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他們就必須那樣做。
09:27
And if you don't believe me,
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如果你不相信我，
09:30
ask your phone company what information they store about you.
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去問問你的電話公司，他們到底儲存了些關於你的什麼。
09:37
So, in the future, every time you use your mobile phone,
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那麼，將來你每次使用行動手機時，
09:44
let it be a reminder to you
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記得提醒自己，
09:47
that you have to fight for self-determination in the digital age.
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在數據時代裡，你得爭取你的自決權。
09:51
Thank you.
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謝謝！
09:52
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Malte Spitz - Politician, data activistMalte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out.
Why you should listen
German Green Party politician Malte Spitz is an expert on digital change and privacy.
In 2009, Spitz went to court to obtain the information that his cell phone operator, Deutsche Telekom, gathered (and kept) about his activity. The results astonished him. Over the course of six months, they had tracked his geographical location and what he was doing with his phone more than 35,000 times. Working with the German online news site Zeit Online, an infographic was created that shows Spitz's activity across an interactive timeline, combined DT's geolocation data with information relating to his life as a politician, such as Twitter feeds, blog entries and website. By pushing the play button, viewers can set off on a detail-rich trip through six months of his life. And more, because he keeps asking the telecom company for his most recent data.
Spitz is the author of the book What Are You Doing with My Data? and has contributed to international publications, such as the New York Times and The Guardian. Spitz lives with his wife and two kids in Berlin.
Malte Spitz | Speaker | TED.com