ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nanfu Wang - Documentary filmmaker
Nanfu Wang uncovers untold stories about human rights in China.

Why you should listen

Nanfu Wang's Peabody Award-winning documentary, Hooligan Sparrow -- which follows maverick activist Ye Haiyan as she faces government surveillance and harassment after advocating for sexually abused schoolgirls -- was shortlisted for a 2017 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. She also directed and produced I Am Another You, winner of the Special Jury Prize at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival, and her latest film, One Child Nation, which explores the history of China's birth policy and its profound effects on generations of Chinese parents and children. It won the Grand Jury Prize at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival.

Originally from a remote village in China, Wang overcame poverty and a lack of access to formal education en route to earning three master's degrees from Shanghai University, Ohio University and New York University. She teaches editing at the School of Visual Arts as well as cinematography at New York University.

More profile about the speaker
Nanfu Wang | Speaker | TED.com
TED2019

Nanfu Wang: What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy

Nanfu Vang (Nanfu Wang): Odrastanje pod kineskom politikom jednog deteta

Filmed:
2,722,175 views

„Politika jednog deteta bila je ukinuta u Kini 2015. godine, ali mi tek sad počinjemo da razumemo kako je zapravo bilo živeti pod takvom politikom,“ govori Nanfu Vang, član programa TED Fellows i režiser dokumentarnih filmova. Snimcima iz njenog filma „Zemlja jedinaca" (One Child Nation) ona deli sa nama nikada pre ispričane priče koje otkrivaju složene posledice ove politike, kao i jezivu moć propagande.
- Documentary filmmaker
Nanfu Wang uncovers untold stories about human rights in China. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
My nameиме is NanfuNanfu.
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Zovem se Nanfu.
00:15
In Chinesekineski, "nanNan" meansзначи "man."
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Na kineskom, „nan“ znači „muško“.
00:18
And "fuFu" meansзначи "pillarstub."
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A „fu“ znači „stub“.
00:21
My familyпородица had hopedнадао се for a boyдечко,
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Moja porodica se nadala muškom detetu,
00:23
who would growрасту up
to be the pillarstub of the familyпородица.
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koji bi kasnije postao stub porodice.
00:27
And when I turnedокренуо се out to be a girlдевојка,
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Uprkos tome što sam ispala žensko,
00:29
they namedназван me NanfuNanfu anywayУ сваком случају.
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svakako su me nazvali Nanfu.
00:31
(LaughterSmeh)
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(Smeh)
00:33
I was bornрођен in 1985,
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Rođena sam 1985,
00:35
sixшест yearsгодине before ChinaKina announcedнајавио
its one-child1-dete policyполитика.
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šest godina pre nego što je Kina
objavila politiku jednog deteta.
00:40
Right after I was bornрођен,
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Odmah nakon mog rođenja,
00:43
the localлокално officialsZvaničnici cameДошао
and orderedнаручио my momмама to be sterilizedsterilisani.
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došli su predstavnici lokalnih organa
i naredili mojoj mami da se steriliše.
00:48
My grandpaDeda stoodстајао up to the officialsZvaničnici,
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Moj deda im se suprotstavio,
00:51
because he wanted a grandsonunuk
to carryносити on the familyпородица nameиме.
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jer je želeo da ima unuka
koji će da nasledi prezime.
00:55
EventuallyNa kraju, my parentsродитељи were allowedдозвољен
to have a secondдруго childдете,
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Na kraju, mojim roditeljima
je dozvoljeno da imaju drugo dete,
01:00
but they had to wait for fiveпет yearsгодине
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ali morali su da sačekaju pet godina
01:02
and payплатите a substantialзнатан fine.
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i da plate poveliku kaznu.
01:05
GrowingRaste up, my brotherбрате and I
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Dok smo odrastali, moj brat i ja
01:08
were surroundedокружен by childrenдеца
from one-child1-dete familiesпородице.
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bili smo okruženi jedincima.
01:13
I rememberзапамтити feelingОсећај a senseсмисао of shameсрамота
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Sećam se da sam osećala sramotu
01:16
because I had a youngerмлађи brotherбрате.
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zato što sam imala mlađeg brata.
01:19
I feltосетио like our familyпородица did something wrongпогрешно
for havingимати two childrenдеца.
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Mislila sam da je moja porodica
nešto zgrešila jer je imala dvoje dece.
01:24
At the time, I didn't questionпитање
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Tada se nisam pitala
01:25
where this senseсмисао of shameсрамота
and guiltkrivicu cameДошао from.
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odakle dolaze ti osećaji srama i krivice.
01:31
A yearгодине and a halfпола agoпре,
I had my ownвластити first childдете.
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Pre godinu i po dana,
rodila sam svoje prvo dete.
01:34
It was the bestнајбоље thing
that ever happenedдесило in my life.
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To je bila najlepša stvar
koja mi se desila u životu.
01:38
BecomingPostaje a motherмајка
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Kada sam postala majka,
01:39
gaveдала me a totallyтотално newново perspectiveперспектива
on my ownвластити childhoodдетињство,
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iz potpuno nove perspektive
sam gledala na svoje detinjstvo,
01:43
and it broughtдоведен back
my memoriesсећања of earlyрано life in ChinaKina.
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i to me je podsetilo
na moj raniji život u Kini.
01:49
For the pastпрошлост threeтри decadesдеценија,
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U prošle tri decenije,
01:51
everyoneсви in my familyпородица had to applyприменити
for a permissionдозволу from the governmentвлада
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svako u mojoj porodici
morao je da traži dozvolu od vlade
01:56
to have a childдете.
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kako bi imao dete.
01:58
And I wonderedпитао се
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I pitala sam se
01:59
what it was like for people
who livedживели underиспод the one-child1-dete policyполитика.
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kako li je bilo ljudima koji su živeli
pod politikom jednog deteta.
02:04
So I decidedодлучио to make
a documentarydokumentarni film about it.
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Tako sam odlučila
da napravim dokumentarac o tome.
02:08
One of the people I interviewedинтервјуисано
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Jedna od osoba koje sam intervjuisala
02:10
was the midwifebabica who deliveredиспоручена
all of the babiesбебе bornрођен in my villageсело,
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bila je babica koja je dočekala
sve bebe u mom selu,
02:16
includingукључујући myselfЈа сам.
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uključujući i mene.
02:18
She was 84 yearsгодине oldстари
when I interviewedинтервјуисано her.
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Imala je 84 godine
kada sam je intervjuisala.
02:22
I askedпитао her,
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Pitala sam je:
02:24
"Do you rememberзапамтити how manyмноги babiesбебе
you deliveredиспоручена throughoutтоком your careerкаријера?"
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„Da li se sećaš koliko beba si dočekala
tokom celog svog rada?“
02:28
She didn't have a numberброј for deliveriesisporuka.
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Za to nije mogla da mi kaže broj.
02:31
She said she had performedизвршено
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Rekla je da je uradila
02:34
60,000 forcedприсиљен abortionsabortusi
and sterilizationssterilizacije.
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60 000 prinudnih abortusa i sterilizacija.
02:40
SometimesPonekad, she said,
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Ponekad, rekla je,
02:43
a late-termdugoročni fetusfetus
would surviveпреживети an abortionabortus,
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stariji fetus preživeo bi abortus,
02:46
and she would killубиј the babyбеба
after deliveringиспорука it.
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i ona bi ubila bebu nakon porođaja.
02:49
She rememberedсетио how her handsруке would trembledrhte
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Sećala se kako su joj se ruke tresle
02:53
as she did the work.
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dok je obavljala posao.
02:55
Her storyприча shockedшокиран me.
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Njena priča me je šokirala.
02:57
When I setкомплет out to make the filmфилм,
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Kada sam odlučila da napravim film,
03:00
I expectedочекиван it would be a simpleједноставно storyприча
of perpetratorspočinioci and victimsжртве.
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očekivala sam de će to biti
jednostavna priča o izvršiocima i žrtvama.
03:04
People who carriedноси out the policyполитика
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O ljudima koji su sprovodili politiku
03:06
and people who are livingживи
with the consequencesпоследице.
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i ljudima koji žive sa posledicama.
03:09
But that wasn'tније what I saw.
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Ali to nije bilo ono što sam videla.
03:12
As I was finishingзавршетак
my interviewинтервју with the midwifebabica,
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Kada sam završavala intervju sa babicom,
03:15
I noticedПриметио an areaподручје in her houseкућа
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primetila sam deo njene kuće
03:17
that was decoratedукрашен
with elaborateелаборат homemadeдомаће flagszastavice.
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koji je bio ukrašen detaljnim,
ručno rađenim zastavama.
03:21
And eachсваки flagzastava has a pictureслика
of a babyбеба on it.
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I svaka zastava ima sliku bebe na sebi.
03:26
These were flagszastavice
that were sentпослат by familiesпородице
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To su bile zastave
koje su poslale porodice
03:29
whomкога she helpedпомогао treatлијечити
theirњихова infertilityneplodnost problemsпроблеми.
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kojima je pomogla
oko problema neplodnosti.
03:33
She explainedобјаснио је that she had had enoughдовољно
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Objasnila je da joj je bilo dosta
03:36
of performingизвођење abortionsabortusi
and sterilizationssterilizacije --
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abortusa i sterilizacija,
03:38
that the only work she did now
was to help familiesпородице have babiesбебе.
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pa je sada jedini njen posao
da pomogne porodicama da dobiju bebe.
03:44
She said she was fullпуна of guiltkrivicu
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Rekla je da je bila puna krivice
03:47
for carryingношење out the one-child1-dete policyполитика,
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zato što je sprovodila
politiku jednog deteta,
03:50
and she hopedнадао се that by helpingпомажући
familiesпородице have babiesбебе,
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i nadala se da će pomaganjem
porodicama da dobiju bebe
03:53
she could counteractцоунтерацт
what she did in the pastпрошлост.
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moći da se iskupi
za ono što je uradila u prošlosti.
03:57
It becameпостао clearјасно to me
she, too, was a victimжртва of the policyполитика.
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Postalo mi je jasno
da je i ona bila žrtva te politike.
04:02
EverySvaki voiceглас was tellingговорећи her
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Sve u njoj joj je govorilo
04:05
that what she did was right
and necessaryнеопходно for China'sU Kini survivalопстанак.
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da su njeni postupci ispravni
i neophodni za opstanak Kine.
04:10
And she did what she thought
was right for her countryземљу.
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Radila je ono što je mislila
da je dobro za njenu zemlju.
04:14
I know how strongјак that messageпорука was.
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Znam koliko je bila snažna ta poruka.
04:17
It was everywhereсвуда
around myselfЈа сам when I grewрастао up.
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Bila je svuda oko mene dok sam odrastala.
04:20
It was printedштампани on matchespodudara se sa,
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Štampana je na šibicama,
04:23
playingиграње cardsкартице,
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kartama za igru,
04:24
textbooksуџбеници, postersпостери.
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udžbenicima, posterima.
04:27
The propagandapropaganda praisingPohvalivši
the one-child1-dete policyполитика
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Propaganda koja hvali
politiku jednog deteta
04:29
was everywhereсвуда around us.
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bila je svuda oko nas.
04:30
[AnyoneNikome who refusesodbija to sterilizesterilisali
will be arrestedУхапшен.]
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[Svako ko odbije sterilizaciju
biće uhapšen]
04:33
And so were the threatspretnje
againstпротив disobeyingnepoštovanja it.
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A bile su tu i pretnje
u slučaju neposlušnosti.
04:35
The messageпорука seepedprocurila into our mindsумови
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Poruke su nam toliko bile usađene u glave
04:38
so much so that I grewрастао up
feelingОсећај embarrassedсрамота
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da sam odrastala sramoteći se
04:41
for havingимати a youngerмлађи brotherбрате.
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toga što imam mlađeg brata.
04:45
With eachсваки personособа I filmedснимљен,
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Snimajući ljude,
04:49
I saw how theirњихова mindsумови and heartsсрца
can be influencedпод утицајем by the propagandapropaganda,
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videla sam kako propaganda može da utiče
na njihove umove i na njihova srca,
04:55
and how theirњихова willingnessspremnost
to make sacrificesžrtve for the greaterвеће good
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i kako se njihova spremnost na žrtvovanje
za nešto veće i bitnije
05:00
can be twistedувијено into something
very darkтамно and tragicтрагичан.
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izvrće u nešto vrlo mračno i tragično.
05:04
ChinaKina is not the only placeместо
where this happensсе дешава.
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Kina nije jedino mesto
u kome se ovo dešava.
05:08
There is no countryземљу on earthземља
where propagandapropaganda isn't presentпоклон.
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Ne postoji ni jedna jedina zemlja na svetu
u kojoj nije prisutna propaganda.
05:14
And in societiesдруштва that are supposedпретпостављено to be
more openотворен and freeбесплатно than ChinaKina,
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A u društvima koja bi trebalo da budu
otvorenija i slobodnija nego u Kini,
05:18
it can be even harderтеже to recognizeпрепознати
what propagandapropaganda looksизглед like.
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može da bude još teže
da se propaganda prepozna.
05:23
It hidesskriva in plainравно sightвид as newsвести reportsизвештаји,
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Sakriva se na otvorenom, u vestima,
05:27
TVTV commercialsрекламе, politicalполитички campaigningкампања
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reklamama, političkim kampanjama
05:31
and in our socialсоцијално mediaмедији feedsхрани.
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i društvenim mrežama.
05:34
It worksИзвођење радова to changeпромена our mindsумови
withoutбез our knowledgeзнање.
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Bez našeg primećivanja nam menja misli.
05:40
EverySvaki societyдруштво is vulnerableрањив
to acceptingPrihvatanje propagandapropaganda as truthистина,
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Svako društvo podložno je
prihvatanju propagande kao istine,
05:45
and no societyдруштво where propagandapropaganda
replaceszamenjuje the truthистина
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a nijedno društvo gde propaganda
zamenjuje istinu
05:48
can be trulyзаиста freeбесплатно.
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ne može biti istinski slobodno.
05:50
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
05:51
(ApplauseAplauz)
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(Aplauz)
Translated by Tijana Ćopić
Reviewed by Ivana Krivokuća

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nanfu Wang - Documentary filmmaker
Nanfu Wang uncovers untold stories about human rights in China.

Why you should listen

Nanfu Wang's Peabody Award-winning documentary, Hooligan Sparrow -- which follows maverick activist Ye Haiyan as she faces government surveillance and harassment after advocating for sexually abused schoolgirls -- was shortlisted for a 2017 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. She also directed and produced I Am Another You, winner of the Special Jury Prize at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival, and her latest film, One Child Nation, which explores the history of China's birth policy and its profound effects on generations of Chinese parents and children. It won the Grand Jury Prize at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival.

Originally from a remote village in China, Wang overcame poverty and a lack of access to formal education en route to earning three master's degrees from Shanghai University, Ohio University and New York University. She teaches editing at the School of Visual Arts as well as cinematography at New York University.

More profile about the speaker
Nanfu Wang | Speaker | TED.com